See moulder in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "amoulder"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "obsolete; possibly derived from moulder",
"word": "foulder"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "archaic; possibly derived from moulder",
"tags": [
"English",
"regional"
],
"word": "milder"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "mouldered"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
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"noun"
],
"word": "mouldering"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "mouldery"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"England",
"Scotland",
"regional"
],
"word": "moulter"
}
],
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*melh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
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},
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{
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"name": "lg"
},
{
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},
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"name": "lg"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mould",
"3": "-er",
"id2": "frequentative",
"pos2": "suffix forming frequentative verbs",
"t1": "loose friable soil; rotting earth regarded as the substance of the human body"
},
"expansion": "mould (“loose friable soil; rotting earth regarded as the substance of the human body”) + -er (suffix forming frequentative verbs)",
"name": "affix"
},
{
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{
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"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "mold"
},
"expansion": "Middle English mold",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "molde",
"t": "earth, soil"
},
"expansion": "Old English molde (“earth, soil”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*muldō",
"t": "dirt, soil; furry growth of fungi, mould"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *muldō (“dirt, soil; furry growth of fungi, mould”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*melh₂-",
"t": "to crush, grind"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to crush, grind”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From mould (“loose friable soil; rotting earth regarded as the substance of the human body”) + -er (suffix forming frequentative verbs), probably influenced by mould (“furry growth of fungi”). Mould is derived from Middle English mold, molde (“loose friable soil, dirt, earth; earth as the substance out of which God made man, and to which the human body decays into after death”), from Old English molde (“earth, soil”), from Proto-Germanic *muldō (“dirt, soil; furry growth of fungi, mould”), from Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to crush, grind”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "moulders",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mouldering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "mouldered",
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"past"
]
},
{
"form": "mouldered",
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]
},
{
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}
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"2": "British spelling"
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"parts": [
"mould",
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]
}
],
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"pos": "verb",
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285,
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"ref": "1603, Michel de Montaigne, “A Custome of the Ile of Cea”, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC, page 210:",
"text": "In a certaine kingdome of theſe late-diſcovered Indies, vpon the day of a ſolemne proceſſion, in vvhich the Idoles they adore, are publikely caried vpo and dovvne, […] there are numbered of others ſeene, vvho proſtrating themſelves alongſt vpon the ground, endure very paciently to be mouldred and cruſhed to death, vnder the Chariots vvheeles, thinking thereby to purchaſe after their death, a veneration of holineſſe, of vvhich they are not defrauded.",
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"ref": "1690, Thomas Browne, “A Letter to a Friend, upon Occasion of the Death of His Intimate Friend. Third Edition.”, in Simon Wilkin, editor, Sir Thomas Browne’s Works […], volume IV, London: William Pickering; Norwich, Norfolk: Josiah Fletcher, →OCLC, page 43:",
"text": "[S]harp and corroding rheums had so early mouldered those rocks and hardest parts of his fabric [teeth], that a man might well conceive that his years were never like to double or twice tell over his teeth.",
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"glosses": [
"Often followed by away or down: to cause (something) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces."
],
"id": "en-moulder-en-verb-9PGITtfp",
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"away",
"away#Adverb"
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[
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"down"
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[
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[
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"decay#Verb"
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[
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"rot#Verb"
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[
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"crumble#Verb"
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[
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],
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"(transitive)",
"(chiefly Northern England, Scotland) Often followed by away or down: to cause (something) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces."
],
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{
"_dis1": "45 23 31 1 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to cause (something) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces",
"word": "mädättää"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 23 31 1 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to cause (something) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces",
"word": "murentaa"
}
]
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"ref": "a. 1632 (date written), John Donne, “Sermon IX. Preached on Candlemas Day.”, in Henry Alford, editor, The Works of John Donne, D.D., […], volume I, London: John W[illiam] Parker, […], published 1839, →OCLC, page 174:",
"text": "How many men have we seen moulder and crumble away great estates, and yet pay no debts?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause (someone or something) to die away or disappear."
],
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[
"die away",
"die away"
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[
"disappear",
"disappear"
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],
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"(transitive)",
"(figurative, obsolete) To cause (someone or something) to die away or disappear."
],
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"ref": "1531, Thomas Elyot, “Of Constance or Stabilitie”, in The Boke Named the Governour […], London: […] Tho[mas] Bertheleti, →OCLC, 3rd boke, folio 220, verso:",
"text": "In buyldinge of a fortreſſe or other honorable mantion⸝ it aught to be well conſidered that the cement⸝ wherewith the ſtones be layde⸝ be firme and well bindynge. For if it be brokle ⁊ will mouldre a way with euery ſhowre of raine⸝ the buyldynge may nat contynewe⸝ […]",
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67,
74
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"ref": "1700, [Matthew Prior], Carmen Saeculare, for the Year 1700. To the King, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 15:",
"text": "To them [the Muses] Great WILLIAM's Glory to recal / VVhen Statues moulder, and vvhen Arches fall.",
"type": "quote"
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"bold_text_offsets": [
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35,
44
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"ref": "1772, W[illiam] Mason, The English Garden: A Poem, London: […] R. Horsfield, […], and H. Dunoyer, […]; also by W. Tessyman, […], →OCLC, 1st book, page 16:",
"text": "[H]is [Time's] gradual touch / Has moulder'd into beauty many a tovver, / VVhich, vvhen it frovvn'd vvith all its battlements, / VVas only terrible: […]",
"type": "quote"
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184,
191
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"ref": "1776, Edward Gibbon, “The Emperors Decius, Gallus, Æmilianus, Valerian, and Gallienus—The General Irruption of the Barbarians—The Thirty Tyrants”, in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume I, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC, page 268:",
"text": "Three hundred years of peace, enjoyed by the ſoft inhabitants of Aſia, had aboliſhed the exerciſe of arms, and removed the apprehenſion of danger. The ancient vvalls vvere ſuffered to moulder avvay, and all the revenue of the moſt opulent cities vvas referred for the conſtruction of baths, temples, and theatres.",
"type": "quote"
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"bold_text_offsets": [
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220,
229
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"ref": "1810, Robert Southey, “The Ancient Sepulchres”, in The Curse of Kehama, London: […] [F]or Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […], by James Ballantyne and Co. […], →OCLC, pages 176–177:",
"text": "So well had the embalmers done their part / With spice and precious unguents, to imbue / The perfect corpse, that each had still the hue / Of living man, […] / The robes of royalty which once they wore, / Long since had mouldered off and left them bare: / Naked upon their thrones behold them there, / Statues of actual flesh, … a fearful sight!",
"type": "quote"
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207,
217
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"ref": "1817 December 20 (date written), Biographical Notice of the Author; published in Northanger Abbey: And Persuasion. […], volume I, London: John Murray, […], 20 December 1817 (indicated as 1818), →OCLC, page v:",
"text": "And when the public, which has not been insensible to the merits of \"Sense and Sensibility,\" \"Pride and Prejudice,\" \"Mansfield Park,\" and \"Emma,\" shall be informed that the hand which guided that pen is now mouldering in the grave, perhaps a brief account of Jane Austen will be read with a kindlier sentiment than simple curiosity.",
"type": "quote"
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111,
121
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"ref": "1842, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, “[Miscellaneous.] The Rainy Day.”, in Ballads and Other Poems, 2nd edition, Cambridge, Mass.: […] John Owen, →OCLC, stanza 1, page 111:",
"text": "The day is cold, and dark, and dreary; / It rains, and the wind is never weary; / The vine still clings to the mouldering wall, / But at every gust the dead leaves fall, / And the day is dark and dreary.",
"type": "quote"
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25,
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77,
87
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[
129,
139
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"ref": "c. 1861 (date written), John Brown Song!, Charlestown, Mass.: [s.n.], published [1861], →ISSN, →OCLC; reprinted in George Kimball, “Origin of the John Brown Song”, in The New England Magazine, volume I (New Series; volume VII overall), number 4, Boston, Mass.: New England Magazine Company […], December 1889, page 373:",
"text": "John Brown's body lies a mouldering in the grave, / John Brown's body lies a mouldering in the grave, / John Brown's body lies a mouldering in the grave, / but his soul goes marching on!",
"type": "quote"
},
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83,
90
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"ref": "1877 July 24 (date written; published 1877 July 28), John Ruskin, “Ribbesford Church”, in [Alexander Dundas Ogilvy Wedderburn], editor, Arrows of the Chace: Being a Collection of Scattered Letters Published Chiefly in the Daily Newspapers,—1840–1880 […], volumes I (Letters on Art and Science), Orpington, Kent [London]: George Allen, […], published 1880, →OCLC, part VI (Architecture and Restoration), page 236:",
"text": "[T]hose traceries should be replaced as they are, and left in reverence until they moulder away.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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68,
74
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"ref": "1914 September – 1915 May, Arthur Conan Doyle, “The Tragedy of Birlstone”, in The Valley of Fear: A Sherlock Holmes Novel, New York, N.Y.: George H[enry] Doran Company, published 27 February 1915, →OCLC, part I (The Tragedy of Birlstone), pages 46–47:",
"text": "The house had been untenanted for some years and was threatening to molder into a picturesque decay when the Douglases took possession of it.",
"type": "quote"
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"bold_text_offsets": [
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102,
112
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"ref": "1980, Richard Adams [et al.], “Betchworth, Surrey”, in The Reader’s Digest Association, editor, Book of British Villages: A Guide to 700 of the Most Interesting and Attractive Villages in Britain, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Drive Publications for the Automobile Association, →OCLC, page 57, column 2:",
"text": "The village once had a much higher status with a 14th-century castle – the last remnants of which are mouldering under earth banks in the local golf course.",
"type": "quote"
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"bold_text_offsets": [
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"ref": "2022 January 22, Philip Haigh, “Okehampton should be the Start of Railway Restoration”, in Rail, number 948, Peterborough, Cambridgeshire: Bauer Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 50:",
"text": "Today the trackbed moulders, although Lancashire council reports that it's largely intact to around 1.5 miles south of Fleetwood.",
"type": "quote"
}
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"Often followed by away: to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces."
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"(intransitive)",
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"ref": "1603, Michel de Montaigne, “Of the Arte of Conferring”, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book III, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC, page 557:",
"text": "Let thoſe, vvho in theſe latter dayes haue ſo earneſtly laboured, to frame and eſtabliſh vnto vs, an exerciſe of religion and ſeruice of God, ſo contemplatiue and immaterial, vvonder nothing at all, if ſome be found, vvho thinke, it vvould haue eſcaped and mouldred avvay betvveene their fingers, if it had not held and continued amongſt vs, as a marke, a title and inſtrument of diuiſion and faction, more then by it ſelfe.",
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"ref": "1649, J[ohn] Milton, “Intitl’d to the Prince of Wales”, in ΕΙΚΟΝΟΚΛΆΣΤΗΣ [Eikonoklástēs] […], London: […] Matthew Simmons, […], →OCLC, page 220:",
"text": "As to thoſe offerd condeſcenſions of Charitable connivence, or toleration, if vve conſider vvhat vvent before, and vvhat follovvs, they moulder into nothing.",
"type": "quote"
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66,
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"ref": "1816, [Walter Scott], chapter V, in The Antiquary. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, →OCLC, pages 99–100:",
"text": "[A]ll idea of serious opposition to the house of Hanover had long mouldered away; […]",
"type": "quote"
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15,
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"ref": "1847, Alfred Tennyson, “Prologue”, in The Princess: A Medley, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, page 9:",
"text": "Never man / So moulder'd in a sinecure as he: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
33,
40
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"ref": "1915, Virginia Woolf, chapter XV, in The Voyage Out, London: Duckworth & Co., […], →OCLC, page 235:",
"text": "All I ask is to be left alone to moulder away in solitude.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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69,
79
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116,
126
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"ref": "1949 August 22 (first performance), T[homas] S[tearns] Eliot, The Cocktail Party: A Comedy, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.; Hollywood, Los Angeles, Calif.: Samuel French […], published 1950, →OCLC, Act II, page 98:",
"text": "To send them back: what have they to go back to? / To the stale food mouldering in the larder, / The stale thoughts mouldering in their minds.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"To die away, to disappear."
],
"id": "en-moulder-en-verb-ggH5bT2J",
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"(figurative)",
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"ref": "1702–1704, Edward [Hyde, 1st] Earl of Clarendon, “Book VII”, in The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England, Begun in the Year 1641. […], volume II, part I, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed at the [Sheldonian] Theater, published 1707, →OCLC, page 310:",
"text": "The Corniſh Army vvas greater in Reputation, than Numbers; […] if they vvere compelled to march Eaſtvvards, to vvhich they vvere not inclined, it vvas to be doubted they vvould moulder avvay ſo faſt, that there vvould be little addition of ſtrength by it.",
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"ref": "1711 November 24 (Gregorian calendar), [Joseph Addison], “TUESDAY, November 13, 1711”, in The Spectator, number 221; republished in Alexander Chalmers, editor, The Spectator; a New Edition, […], volume III, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton & Company, 1853, →OCLC, page 109:",
"text": "The other [preacher] finding his congregation mouldering every Sunday, and hearing at length what was the occasion of it, resolved to give his parish a little Latin in his turn; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Often followed by away: of a group of people (especially an army): to diminish in number; to dwindle."
],
"id": "en-moulder-en-verb-oWnn6Dj2",
"links": [
[
"group",
"group#Noun"
],
[
"people",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"army",
"army"
],
[
"diminish",
"diminish"
],
[
"number",
"number#Noun"
],
[
"dwindle",
"dwindle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"(figurative)",
"(obsolete) Often followed by away: of a group of people (especially an army): to diminish in number; to dwindle."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"figuratively",
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/ˈməʊldə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmoʊldəɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
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},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊldə(ɹ)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "42 1 46 2 9",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(intransitive) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces — see also crumble, decay, rot",
"word": "rotten"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 1 46 2 9",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(intransitive) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces — see also crumble, decay, rot",
"word": "vergaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 1 46 2 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(intransitive) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces — see also crumble, decay, rot",
"word": "mädätä"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 1 46 2 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(intransitive) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces — see also crumble, decay, rot",
"word": "mureta"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 1 46 2 9",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "(intransitive) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces — see also crumble, decay, rot",
"word": "diseriĝi"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 1 46 2 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gnitʹ",
"sense": "(intransitive) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces — see also crumble, decay, rot",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "гнить"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 1 46 2 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sgnitʹ",
"sense": "(intransitive) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces — see also crumble, decay, rot",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "сгнить"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 1 46 2 9",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozkladátysja",
"sense": "(intransitive) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces — see also crumble, decay, rot",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "розклада́тися"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 1 46 2 9",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozklástysja",
"sense": "(intransitive) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces — see also crumble, decay, rot",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "розкла́стися pf or розікла́стися"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 1 46 2 9",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozsypátysja",
"sense": "(intransitive) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces — see also crumble, decay, rot",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "розсипа́тися"
}
],
"word": "moulder"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"rare"
],
"word": "mouldress"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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"expansion": "",
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{
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"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
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{
"args": {
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
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},
"expansion": "French moule",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "modulus",
"t": "small interval or measure; etc."
},
"expansion": "Latin modulus (“small interval or measure; etc.”)",
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},
{
"args": {
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},
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{
"args": {
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},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "mould (“to shape in or on a mould; to form into a particular shape”, verb) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
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{
"categories": [],
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"A person who moulds dough into loaves for baking into bread."
],
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[
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[
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"dough#Noun"
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[
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"loaf#Noun"
],
[
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"bake#Verb"
],
[
"bread",
"bread#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A person who moulds dough into loaves for baking into bread."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"archaic"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "60 16 2 9 14",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person who moulds dough into loaves for baking into bread",
"word": "muotoilija"
}
]
},
{
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48,
56
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161,
169
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],
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"text": "It was, however, most interesting work, and the moulders themselves were a decent crowd, never tired of making jokes about themselves such as the hoary one that moulders did not live long, which however ran counter to the other one that no germs could live in a foundry—the atmosphere was too foul.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"A person who moulds or shapes material into objects, especially clay into bricks, pottery, etc."
],
"id": "en-moulder-en-noun-AIUuCUFY",
"links": [
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"shape#Verb"
],
[
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"material#Noun"
],
[
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"object#Noun"
],
[
"clay",
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],
[
"bricks",
"brick#Noun"
],
[
"pottery",
"pottery"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension)",
"A person who moulds or shapes material into objects, especially clay into bricks, pottery, etc."
],
"tags": [
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"broadly"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "22 36 9 15 18",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person who moulds or shapes material into objects",
"word": "muovaaja"
}
]
},
{
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"An instrument or machine used to mould or shape material into objects."
],
"id": "en-moulder-en-noun-lgZMC2FH",
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"instrument#Noun"
],
[
"machine",
"machine#Noun"
],
[
"used",
"use#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension)",
"An instrument or machine used to mould or shape material into objects."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"broadly"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 7 86 2 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "instrument or machine used to mould or shape material into objects",
"word": "muovain"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A person or thing that influences or shapes; an influencer, a shaper."
],
"id": "en-moulder-en-noun-Xz2AaWzu",
"links": [
[
"thing",
"thing"
],
[
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"influence#Verb"
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[
"influencer",
"influencer"
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[
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension)",
"(figurative) A person or thing that influences or shapes; an influencer, a shaper."
],
"tags": [
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"broadly",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Metalworking",
"orig": "en:Metalworking",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 3 3 19 8 3 9 16 1 15 3 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 5 3 17 6 13 17 9 4 4 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 2 2 20 22 2 22 4 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 2 2 17 7 1 6 20 2 19 3 18",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 19 7 1 5 20 1 20 3 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "3 2 4 2 25 19 3 19 5 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 0 6 28 4 1 5 14 1 14 1 14",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "en:Occupations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who makes moulds for casting metal; a mouldmaker."
],
"id": "en-moulder-en-noun-ytvWDaq~",
"links": [
[
"metalworking",
"metalworking"
],
[
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"make#Verb"
],
[
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],
[
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"cast#Verb"
],
[
"metal",
"metal#Noun"
],
[
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"mouldmaker"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metalworking) A person who makes moulds for casting metal; a mouldmaker."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"topics": [
"arts",
"crafts",
"engineering",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"metallurgy",
"metalworking",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈməʊldə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmoʊldəɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
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{
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],
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}
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably a variant of mould (“loose, friable soil”), influenced by moulder (“to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces, etc.”) (etymology 1).",
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{
"form": "moulders",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
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{
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"UK",
"alt-of",
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},
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"text": "[B]y the ſenſe of our ayrie bodies we haue a more refined faculty of forſeeing, than men poſſibly can haue, that are chained to ſuch heauie earthlie moulder; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"Synonym of mould (“loose, friable soil”); also, dust."
],
"id": "en-moulder-en-noun-EPDK5B3L",
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],
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[
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[
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],
[
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]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, obsolete) Synonym of mould (“loose, friable soil”); also, dust."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "(“loose, friable soil”); also, dust",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "mould"
}
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/ˈməʊldə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmoʊldəɹ/",
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"General-American"
]
},
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"etymology_templates": [
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],
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{
"args": {
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],
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}
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 5 5 3 17 6 13 17 9 4 4 8 4",
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"text": "[G]reat danger is to be apprehended to the health of the crews, and damage to the provisions and stores on board, from the damp state in which such ships must be in, for a long time after being taken out of the water. Houses, built with stone or mortar, saturated with salt-water, will continue damp for years; and, without almost constant fires, furniture, linen, silks, &c. &c. will be continually damaging, from moulder, rust, and mildew.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of mould (“a natural substance in the form of a furry or woolly growth of tiny fungi that appears when organic material lies for a long time exposed to (usually warm and moist) air”)"
],
"id": "en-moulder-en-noun-aOByCqPJ",
"links": [
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[
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"natural#Adjective"
],
[
"substance",
"substance#Noun"
],
[
"form",
"form#Noun"
],
[
"furry",
"furry#Adjective"
],
[
"woolly",
"woolly#Adjective"
],
[
"growth",
"growth"
],
[
"tiny",
"tiny#Adjective"
],
[
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"fungus"
],
[
"appear",
"appear"
],
[
"organic",
"organic#Adjective"
],
[
"material",
"material#Noun"
],
[
"lies",
"lie#Verb"
],
[
"long",
"long#Adjective"
],
[
"time",
"time#Noun"
],
[
"exposed",
"expose#Verb"
],
[
"warm",
"warm#Adjective"
],
[
"moist",
"moist#Adjective"
],
[
"air",
"air#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, rare) Synonym of mould (“a natural substance in the form of a furry or woolly growth of tiny fungi that appears when organic material lies for a long time exposed to (usually warm and moist) air”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "(“a natural substance in the form of a furry or woolly growth of tiny fungi that appears when organic material lies for a long time exposed to (usually warm and moist) air”)",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "mould"
}
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"obsolete",
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/ˈməʊldə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmoʊldəɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
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{
"rhymes": "-əʊldə(ɹ)"
}
],
"word": "moulder"
}
{
"categories": [
"British English forms",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *melh₂-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms suffixed with -er (frequentative)",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊldə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/əʊldə(ɹ)/2 syllables",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"en:Occupations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "amoulder"
},
{
"english": "obsolete; possibly derived from moulder",
"word": "foulder"
},
{
"english": "archaic; possibly derived from moulder",
"tags": [
"English",
"regional"
],
"word": "milder"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "mouldered"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"word": "mouldering"
},
{
"tags": [
"East-Anglia"
],
"word": "mouldery"
},
{
"tags": [
"England",
"Scotland",
"regional"
],
"word": "moulter"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*melh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frequentative"
},
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"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mould",
"3": "-er",
"id2": "frequentative",
"pos2": "suffix forming frequentative verbs",
"t1": "loose friable soil; rotting earth regarded as the substance of the human body"
},
"expansion": "mould (“loose friable soil; rotting earth regarded as the substance of the human body”) + -er (suffix forming frequentative verbs)",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "mold"
},
"expansion": "Middle English mold",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "molde",
"t": "earth, soil"
},
"expansion": "Old English molde (“earth, soil”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*muldō",
"t": "dirt, soil; furry growth of fungi, mould"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *muldō (“dirt, soil; furry growth of fungi, mould”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*melh₂-",
"t": "to crush, grind"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to crush, grind”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From mould (“loose friable soil; rotting earth regarded as the substance of the human body”) + -er (suffix forming frequentative verbs), probably influenced by mould (“furry growth of fungi”). Mould is derived from Middle English mold, molde (“loose friable soil, dirt, earth; earth as the substance out of which God made man, and to which the human body decays into after death”), from Old English molde (“earth, soil”), from Proto-Germanic *muldō (“dirt, soil; furry growth of fungi, mould”), from Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to crush, grind”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "moulders",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mouldering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "mouldered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "mouldered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "molder",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "moulder (third-person singular simple present moulders, present participle mouldering, simple past and past participle mouldered)",
"name": "en-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "British spelling"
},
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}
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{
"parts": [
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"er"
]
}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
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{
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"English transitive verbs",
"Northern England English",
"Scottish English"
],
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{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
285,
293
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],
"ref": "1603, Michel de Montaigne, “A Custome of the Ile of Cea”, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC, page 210:",
"text": "In a certaine kingdome of theſe late-diſcovered Indies, vpon the day of a ſolemne proceſſion, in vvhich the Idoles they adore, are publikely caried vpo and dovvne, […] there are numbered of others ſeene, vvho proſtrating themſelves alongſt vpon the ground, endure very paciently to be mouldred and cruſhed to death, vnder the Chariots vvheeles, thinking thereby to purchaſe after their death, a veneration of holineſſe, of vvhich they are not defrauded.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
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42,
51
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"ref": "1690, Thomas Browne, “A Letter to a Friend, upon Occasion of the Death of His Intimate Friend. Third Edition.”, in Simon Wilkin, editor, Sir Thomas Browne’s Works […], volume IV, London: William Pickering; Norwich, Norfolk: Josiah Fletcher, →OCLC, page 43:",
"text": "[S]harp and corroding rheums had so early mouldered those rocks and hardest parts of his fabric [teeth], that a man might well conceive that his years were never like to double or twice tell over his teeth.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Often followed by away or down: to cause (something) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces."
],
"links": [
[
"away",
"away#Adverb"
],
[
"down",
"down"
],
[
"cause",
"cause#Verb"
],
[
"decay",
"decay#Verb"
],
[
"rot",
"rot#Verb"
],
[
"crumble",
"crumble#Verb"
],
[
"pieces",
"piece#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(chiefly Northern England, Scotland) Often followed by away or down: to cause (something) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"UK",
"transitive"
]
},
{
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"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
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{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
26,
33
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],
"ref": "a. 1632 (date written), John Donne, “Sermon IX. Preached on Candlemas Day.”, in Henry Alford, editor, The Works of John Donne, D.D., […], volume I, London: John W[illiam] Parker, […], published 1839, →OCLC, page 174:",
"text": "How many men have we seen moulder and crumble away great estates, and yet pay no debts?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause (someone or something) to die away or disappear."
],
"links": [
[
"die away",
"die away"
],
[
"disappear",
"disappear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative, obsolete) To cause (someone or something) to die away or disappear."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"figuratively",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations"
],
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{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
190,
197
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"ref": "1531, Thomas Elyot, “Of Constance or Stabilitie”, in The Boke Named the Governour […], London: […] Tho[mas] Bertheleti, →OCLC, 3rd boke, folio 220, verso:",
"text": "In buyldinge of a fortreſſe or other honorable mantion⸝ it aught to be well conſidered that the cement⸝ wherewith the ſtones be layde⸝ be firme and well bindynge. For if it be brokle ⁊ will mouldre a way with euery ſhowre of raine⸝ the buyldynge may nat contynewe⸝ […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
67,
74
]
],
"ref": "1700, [Matthew Prior], Carmen Saeculare, for the Year 1700. To the King, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 15:",
"text": "To them [the Muses] Great WILLIAM's Glory to recal / VVhen Statues moulder, and vvhen Arches fall.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
35,
44
]
],
"ref": "1772, W[illiam] Mason, The English Garden: A Poem, London: […] R. Horsfield, […], and H. Dunoyer, […]; also by W. Tessyman, […], →OCLC, 1st book, page 16:",
"text": "[H]is [Time's] gradual touch / Has moulder'd into beauty many a tovver, / VVhich, vvhen it frovvn'd vvith all its battlements, / VVas only terrible: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
184,
191
]
],
"ref": "1776, Edward Gibbon, “The Emperors Decius, Gallus, Æmilianus, Valerian, and Gallienus—The General Irruption of the Barbarians—The Thirty Tyrants”, in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume I, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC, page 268:",
"text": "Three hundred years of peace, enjoyed by the ſoft inhabitants of Aſia, had aboliſhed the exerciſe of arms, and removed the apprehenſion of danger. The ancient vvalls vvere ſuffered to moulder avvay, and all the revenue of the moſt opulent cities vvas referred for the conſtruction of baths, temples, and theatres.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
220,
229
]
],
"ref": "1810, Robert Southey, “The Ancient Sepulchres”, in The Curse of Kehama, London: […] [F]or Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […], by James Ballantyne and Co. […], →OCLC, pages 176–177:",
"text": "So well had the embalmers done their part / With spice and precious unguents, to imbue / The perfect corpse, that each had still the hue / Of living man, […] / The robes of royalty which once they wore, / Long since had mouldered off and left them bare: / Naked upon their thrones behold them there, / Statues of actual flesh, … a fearful sight!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
207,
217
]
],
"ref": "1817 December 20 (date written), Biographical Notice of the Author; published in Northanger Abbey: And Persuasion. […], volume I, London: John Murray, […], 20 December 1817 (indicated as 1818), →OCLC, page v:",
"text": "And when the public, which has not been insensible to the merits of \"Sense and Sensibility,\" \"Pride and Prejudice,\" \"Mansfield Park,\" and \"Emma,\" shall be informed that the hand which guided that pen is now mouldering in the grave, perhaps a brief account of Jane Austen will be read with a kindlier sentiment than simple curiosity.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
111,
121
]
],
"ref": "1842, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, “[Miscellaneous.] The Rainy Day.”, in Ballads and Other Poems, 2nd edition, Cambridge, Mass.: […] John Owen, →OCLC, stanza 1, page 111:",
"text": "The day is cold, and dark, and dreary; / It rains, and the wind is never weary; / The vine still clings to the mouldering wall, / But at every gust the dead leaves fall, / And the day is dark and dreary.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
25,
35
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[
77,
87
],
[
129,
139
]
],
"ref": "c. 1861 (date written), John Brown Song!, Charlestown, Mass.: [s.n.], published [1861], →ISSN, →OCLC; reprinted in George Kimball, “Origin of the John Brown Song”, in The New England Magazine, volume I (New Series; volume VII overall), number 4, Boston, Mass.: New England Magazine Company […], December 1889, page 373:",
"text": "John Brown's body lies a mouldering in the grave, / John Brown's body lies a mouldering in the grave, / John Brown's body lies a mouldering in the grave, / but his soul goes marching on!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
83,
90
]
],
"ref": "1877 July 24 (date written; published 1877 July 28), John Ruskin, “Ribbesford Church”, in [Alexander Dundas Ogilvy Wedderburn], editor, Arrows of the Chace: Being a Collection of Scattered Letters Published Chiefly in the Daily Newspapers,—1840–1880 […], volumes I (Letters on Art and Science), Orpington, Kent [London]: George Allen, […], published 1880, →OCLC, part VI (Architecture and Restoration), page 236:",
"text": "[T]hose traceries should be replaced as they are, and left in reverence until they moulder away.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
68,
74
]
],
"ref": "1914 September – 1915 May, Arthur Conan Doyle, “The Tragedy of Birlstone”, in The Valley of Fear: A Sherlock Holmes Novel, New York, N.Y.: George H[enry] Doran Company, published 27 February 1915, →OCLC, part I (The Tragedy of Birlstone), pages 46–47:",
"text": "The house had been untenanted for some years and was threatening to molder into a picturesque decay when the Douglases took possession of it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
102,
112
]
],
"ref": "1980, Richard Adams [et al.], “Betchworth, Surrey”, in The Reader’s Digest Association, editor, Book of British Villages: A Guide to 700 of the Most Interesting and Attractive Villages in Britain, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Drive Publications for the Automobile Association, →OCLC, page 57, column 2:",
"text": "The village once had a much higher status with a 14th-century castle – the last remnants of which are mouldering under earth banks in the local golf course.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
27
]
],
"ref": "2022 January 22, Philip Haigh, “Okehampton should be the Start of Railway Restoration”, in Rail, number 948, Peterborough, Cambridgeshire: Bauer Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 50:",
"text": "Today the trackbed moulders, although Lancashire council reports that it's largely intact to around 1.5 miles south of Fleetwood.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Often followed by away: to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"Often followed by away: to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"English terms with quotations"
],
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{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
257,
265
]
],
"ref": "1603, Michel de Montaigne, “Of the Arte of Conferring”, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book III, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC, page 557:",
"text": "Let thoſe, vvho in theſe latter dayes haue ſo earneſtly laboured, to frame and eſtabliſh vnto vs, an exerciſe of religion and ſeruice of God, ſo contemplatiue and immaterial, vvonder nothing at all, if ſome be found, vvho thinke, it vvould haue eſcaped and mouldred avvay betvveene their fingers, if it had not held and continued amongſt vs, as a marke, a title and inſtrument of diuiſion and faction, more then by it ſelfe.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
136,
143
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],
"ref": "1649, J[ohn] Milton, “Intitl’d to the Prince of Wales”, in ΕΙΚΟΝΟΚΛΆΣΤΗΣ [Eikonoklástēs] […], London: […] Matthew Simmons, […], →OCLC, page 220:",
"text": "As to thoſe offerd condeſcenſions of Charitable connivence, or toleration, if vve conſider vvhat vvent before, and vvhat follovvs, they moulder into nothing.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
66,
75
]
],
"ref": "1816, [Walter Scott], chapter V, in The Antiquary. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, →OCLC, pages 99–100:",
"text": "[A]ll idea of serious opposition to the house of Hanover had long mouldered away; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
24
]
],
"ref": "1847, Alfred Tennyson, “Prologue”, in The Princess: A Medley, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, page 9:",
"text": "Never man / So moulder'd in a sinecure as he: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
33,
40
]
],
"ref": "1915, Virginia Woolf, chapter XV, in The Voyage Out, London: Duckworth & Co., […], →OCLC, page 235:",
"text": "All I ask is to be left alone to moulder away in solitude.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
69,
79
],
[
116,
126
]
],
"ref": "1949 August 22 (first performance), T[homas] S[tearns] Eliot, The Cocktail Party: A Comedy, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.; Hollywood, Los Angeles, Calif.: Samuel French […], published 1950, →OCLC, Act II, page 98:",
"text": "To send them back: what have they to go back to? / To the stale food mouldering in the larder, / The stale thoughts mouldering in their minds.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To die away, to disappear."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"(figurative)",
"To die away, to disappear."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"figuratively",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
177,
184
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],
"ref": "1702–1704, Edward [Hyde, 1st] Earl of Clarendon, “Book VII”, in The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England, Begun in the Year 1641. […], volume II, part I, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed at the [Sheldonian] Theater, published 1707, →OCLC, page 310:",
"text": "The Corniſh Army vvas greater in Reputation, than Numbers; […] if they vvere compelled to march Eaſtvvards, to vvhich they vvere not inclined, it vvas to be doubted they vvould moulder avvay ſo faſt, that there vvould be little addition of ſtrength by it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
46,
56
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],
"ref": "1711 November 24 (Gregorian calendar), [Joseph Addison], “TUESDAY, November 13, 1711”, in The Spectator, number 221; republished in Alexander Chalmers, editor, The Spectator; a New Edition, […], volume III, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton & Company, 1853, →OCLC, page 109:",
"text": "The other [preacher] finding his congregation mouldering every Sunday, and hearing at length what was the occasion of it, resolved to give his parish a little Latin in his turn; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Often followed by away: of a group of people (especially an army): to diminish in number; to dwindle."
],
"links": [
[
"group",
"group#Noun"
],
[
"people",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"army",
"army"
],
[
"diminish",
"diminish"
],
[
"number",
"number#Noun"
],
[
"dwindle",
"dwindle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"(figurative)",
"(obsolete) Often followed by away: of a group of people (especially an army): to diminish in number; to dwindle."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"figuratively",
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈməʊldə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmoʊldəɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
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},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊldə(ɹ)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to cause (something) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces",
"word": "mädättää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to cause (something) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces",
"word": "murentaa"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(intransitive) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces — see also crumble, decay, rot",
"word": "rotten"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(intransitive) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces — see also crumble, decay, rot",
"word": "vergaan"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(intransitive) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces — see also crumble, decay, rot",
"word": "mädätä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(intransitive) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces — see also crumble, decay, rot",
"word": "mureta"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "(intransitive) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces — see also crumble, decay, rot",
"word": "diseriĝi"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gnitʹ",
"sense": "(intransitive) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces — see also crumble, decay, rot",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "гнить"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sgnitʹ",
"sense": "(intransitive) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces — see also crumble, decay, rot",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "сгнить"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozkladátysja",
"sense": "(intransitive) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces — see also crumble, decay, rot",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "розклада́тися"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozklástysja",
"sense": "(intransitive) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces — see also crumble, decay, rot",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "розкла́стися pf or розікла́стися"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozsypátysja",
"sense": "(intransitive) to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces — see also crumble, decay, rot",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "розсипа́тися"
}
],
"word": "moulder"
}
{
"categories": [
"British English forms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *med-",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊldə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/əʊldə(ɹ)/2 syllables",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"en:Occupations"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"rare"
],
"word": "mouldress"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*med-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "molder"
},
"expansion": "Middle English molder",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "agent noun"
},
"expansion": "agent noun",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "molde"
},
"expansion": "Old French molde",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "moule"
},
"expansion": "French moule",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "modulus",
"t": "small interval or measure; etc."
},
"expansion": "Latin modulus (“small interval or measure; etc.”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "diminutive"
},
"expansion": "diminutive",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*med-",
"t": "to measure"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *med- (“to measure”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mould",
"3": "-er",
"id2": "agent noun",
"pos1": "v",
"pos2": "suffix forming agent nouns",
"t1": "to shape in or on a mould; to form into a particular shape"
},
"expansion": "mould (“to shape in or on a mould; to form into a particular shape”, verb) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Partly from the following:\n* From Middle English molder, moldere (“maker of bread, baker”), from molden (“to knead or shape (bread); to make bread, bake; to mix (something) by kneading; to shape, mould; to pulverize (?)”) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns, especially names of people engaged in professions or trades). Molden is derived from mold, molde (“model or pattern according to which a thing is made, mould”) + -en (suffix forming the infinitives of verbs); and mold, molde are borrowed from Old French molde, a variant of modle, molle (modern French moule), from Latin modulus (“small interval or measure; etc.”), diminutive of modus (“measure; manner, method”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *med- (“to measure”).\n* From mould (“to shape in or on a mould; to form into a particular shape”, verb) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "moulders",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "moulder (plural moulders)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"mould",
"er"
]
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A person who moulds dough into loaves for baking into bread."
],
"links": [
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"moulds",
"mold#Verb"
],
[
"dough",
"dough#Noun"
],
[
"loaves",
"loaf#Noun"
],
[
"baking",
"bake#Verb"
],
[
"bread",
"bread#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A person who moulds dough into loaves for baking into bread."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
48,
56
],
[
161,
169
]
],
"ref": "1944 November and December, A Former Pupil, “Some Memories of Crewe Works—II”, in Railway Magazine, page 342:",
"text": "It was, however, most interesting work, and the moulders themselves were a decent crowd, never tired of making jokes about themselves such as the hoary one that moulders did not live long, which however ran counter to the other one that no germs could live in a foundry—the atmosphere was too foul.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who moulds or shapes material into objects, especially clay into bricks, pottery, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"shapes",
"shape#Verb"
],
[
"material",
"material#Noun"
],
[
"objects",
"object#Noun"
],
[
"clay",
"clay#Noun"
],
[
"bricks",
"brick#Noun"
],
[
"pottery",
"pottery"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension)",
"A person who moulds or shapes material into objects, especially clay into bricks, pottery, etc."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"broadly"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An instrument or machine used to mould or shape material into objects."
],
"links": [
[
"instrument",
"instrument#Noun"
],
[
"machine",
"machine#Noun"
],
[
"used",
"use#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension)",
"An instrument or machine used to mould or shape material into objects."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"broadly"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A person or thing that influences or shapes; an influencer, a shaper."
],
"links": [
[
"thing",
"thing"
],
[
"influences",
"influence#Verb"
],
[
"influencer",
"influencer"
],
[
"shaper",
"shaper"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension)",
"(figurative) A person or thing that influences or shapes; an influencer, a shaper."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"broadly",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Metalworking"
],
"glosses": [
"A person who makes moulds for casting metal; a mouldmaker."
],
"links": [
[
"metalworking",
"metalworking"
],
[
"makes",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"moulds",
"mold#Noun"
],
[
"casting",
"cast#Verb"
],
[
"metal",
"metal#Noun"
],
[
"mouldmaker",
"mouldmaker"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metalworking) A person who makes moulds for casting metal; a mouldmaker."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"topics": [
"arts",
"crafts",
"engineering",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"metallurgy",
"metalworking",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈməʊldə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmoʊldəɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-moulder.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-moulder.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-moulder.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-moulder.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-moulder.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊldə(ɹ)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person who moulds dough into loaves for baking into bread",
"word": "muotoilija"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person who moulds or shapes material into objects",
"word": "muovaaja"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "instrument or machine used to mould or shape material into objects",
"word": "muovain"
}
],
"word": "moulder"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊldə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/əʊldə(ɹ)/2 syllables",
"en:Occupations"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably a variant of mould (“loose, friable soil”), influenced by moulder (“to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces, etc.”) (etymology 1).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "moulders",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "moulder (countable and uncountable, plural moulders)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"mould",
"er"
]
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "one or more crumbled pieces of food, especially oatcake; a crumb or crumbs",
"word": "mulder"
}
],
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Irish English",
"Orkney English",
"Shetland English"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of mulder (“one or more crumbled pieces of food, especially oatcake; a crumb or crumbs”)."
],
"links": [
[
"mulder",
"mulder#English"
],
[
"crumbled",
"crumble#Verb"
],
[
"pieces",
"piece#Noun"
],
[
"food",
"food"
],
[
"oatcake",
"oatcake"
],
[
"crumb",
"crumb#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, uncountable, Ireland, Orkney, Shetland) Alternative spelling of mulder (“one or more crumbled pieces of food, especially oatcake; a crumb or crumbs”)."
],
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Orkney",
"Shetland",
"UK",
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
149,
156
]
],
"ref": "1592, Thomas Nash[e], Pierce Penilesse His Supplication to the Deuill. […], London: […] [John Charlewood for] Richard Ihones, […], →OCLC, signature I, verso:",
"text": "[B]y the ſenſe of our ayrie bodies we haue a more refined faculty of forſeeing, than men poſſibly can haue, that are chained to ſuch heauie earthlie moulder; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of mould (“loose, friable soil”); also, dust."
],
"links": [
[
"mould",
"mold#English:_soil"
],
[
"loose",
"loose#Adjective"
],
[
"friable",
"friable"
],
[
"soil",
"soil#Noun"
],
[
"dust",
"dust#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, obsolete) Synonym of mould (“loose, friable soil”); also, dust."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "(“loose, friable soil”); also, dust",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "mould"
}
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈməʊldə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmoʊldəɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-moulder.wav",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊldə(ɹ)"
}
],
"word": "moulder"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊldə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/əʊldə(ɹ)/2 syllables",
"en:Occupations"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably a variant of mould (“furry or woolly growth of tiny fungi”), influenced by moulder (“to decay or rot, or to crumble to pieces, etc.”) (etymology 1).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "moulder (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"mould",
"er"
]
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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415,
422
]
],
"ref": "1817, Isaac Blackburn, “On the Extraordinary Rapid Decay of Our Men of War, and the Causes Pointed Out”, in A Treatise on the Science of Ship-building; […], London: […] [Joyce Gold] for James Asperne, […], →OCLC, book II, pages 144–145:",
"text": "[G]reat danger is to be apprehended to the health of the crews, and damage to the provisions and stores on board, from the damp state in which such ships must be in, for a long time after being taken out of the water. Houses, built with stone or mortar, saturated with salt-water, will continue damp for years; and, without almost constant fires, furniture, linen, silks, &c. &c. will be continually damaging, from moulder, rust, and mildew.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of mould (“a natural substance in the form of a furry or woolly growth of tiny fungi that appears when organic material lies for a long time exposed to (usually warm and moist) air”)"
],
"links": [
[
"mould",
"mold#English:_tiny_fungi"
],
[
"natural",
"natural#Adjective"
],
[
"substance",
"substance#Noun"
],
[
"form",
"form#Noun"
],
[
"furry",
"furry#Adjective"
],
[
"woolly",
"woolly#Adjective"
],
[
"growth",
"growth"
],
[
"tiny",
"tiny#Adjective"
],
[
"fungi",
"fungus"
],
[
"appear",
"appear"
],
[
"organic",
"organic#Adjective"
],
[
"material",
"material#Noun"
],
[
"lies",
"lie#Verb"
],
[
"long",
"long#Adjective"
],
[
"time",
"time#Noun"
],
[
"exposed",
"expose#Verb"
],
[
"warm",
"warm#Adjective"
],
[
"moist",
"moist#Adjective"
],
[
"air",
"air#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, rare) Synonym of mould (“a natural substance in the form of a furry or woolly growth of tiny fungi that appears when organic material lies for a long time exposed to (usually warm and moist) air”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "(“a natural substance in the form of a furry or woolly growth of tiny fungi that appears when organic material lies for a long time exposed to (usually warm and moist) air”)",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "mould"
}
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"obsolete",
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈməʊldə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmoʊldəɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-moulder.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-moulder.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-moulder.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-moulder.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-moulder.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊldə(ɹ)"
}
],
"word": "moulder"
}
Download raw JSONL data for moulder meaning in English (34.5kB)
{
"called_from": "core/1021",
"msg": "too many args (3) in argument reference: ('page', '', '\\U0010237e')",
"path": [
"moulder",
"Template:RQ:Milton Eikonoklastes"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "moulder",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": roziklástysja vs. rozklástysja",
"path": [
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],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "moulder",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (a681f8a and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.