See literal in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “exactly as stated”",
"word": "figurative"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “exactly as stated”",
"word": "metaphorical"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “exactly as stated”",
"word": "nonliteral"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “exactly as stated”",
"word": "illiteral"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "antiliteral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biliteral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "duoliteral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hyperliteralism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "illiteral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "literal equation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "literalism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "literalist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "literalistic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "literalize"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "literalise"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "literally"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "literal-minded"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "literalness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "literal rule"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "literal theonymy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "monoliteral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "multiliteral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pluriliteral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "quadriliteral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "quinqueliteral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "transliteral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "triliteral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "uniliteral"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "literal"
},
"expansion": "Middle English literal",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "literal"
},
"expansion": "Old French literal",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "litteralis"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin litteralis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "littera"
},
"expansion": "Latin littera",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English literal, from Old French literal, from Late Latin litteralis, also literalis (“of or pertaining to letters or to writing”), from Latin littera, litera (“a letter”); see letter.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more literal",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most literal",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "literal (comparative more literal, superlative most literal)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hyperliteral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "overliteral"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "letter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "literacy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "literary"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "literate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "literature"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The literal translation is \"hands full of bananas\" but it means \"empty-handed\".",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1594–1597, Richard Hooker, edited by J[ohn] S[penser], Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, […], London: […] Will[iam] Stansby [for Matthew Lownes], published 1611, →OCLC, (please specify the page):",
"text": "a middle course between the rigour of literal translations and the liberty of paraphrasts",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1989, “Preface to the New Revised Standard Version”, in Bible Research:",
"text": "Within the constraints set by the original texts and by the mandates of the Division, the Committee has followed the maxim, 'As literal as possible, as free as necessary.' As a consequence, the New Revised Standard Version (NRSV) remains essentially a literal translation.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017 January 12, Jesse Hassenger, “A literal monster truck is far from the stupidest thing about Monster Trucks”, in The Onion AV Club:",
"text": "Mechanically, operating this hybrid vehicle is sort of a cross between driving a car and taming an animal, which means the movie treats the audience to the sight of a man (pretending to be a teenager) driving a literal monster truck in a field next to a woman (also pretending to be a teenager) riding a horse.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation; according to the letter or verbal expression; real; not figurative or metaphorical, and etymonic rather than idiomatic."
],
"id": "en-literal-en-adj-MoiRHZUl",
"links": [
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"read",
"read"
],
[
"understood",
"understand"
],
[
"interpretation",
"interpretation"
],
[
"accord",
"accord"
],
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"real",
"real"
],
[
"figurative",
"figurative"
],
[
"metaphorical",
"metaphorical"
],
[
"etymonic",
"etymon#English"
],
[
"idiomatic",
"idiom#English"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "lafẓiyy",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "لَفْظِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḥarfiyy",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "حَرْفِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "baṙacʻi",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "բառացի"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bukvalen",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "буквален"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "literal"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zìmiàn",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "字面"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "doslovný"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "bogstavelig"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "letterlijk"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "bókstavligur"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "kirjaimellinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "sananmukainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "littéral"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "literal"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "wörtlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "buchstäblich"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katá grámma",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "κατά γράμμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "szó szerinti"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "bókstaflegur"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "literal"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "harfiah"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "beacht"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "letterale"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "alla lettera"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"alt": "ちくごてきな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chikugoteki na",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "逐語的な"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "bukvalen",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "буквален"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "pūrite"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "stæflīċ"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "dosłowny"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "literalny"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "literal"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"note": "literally m or n",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "literală"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bukválʹnyj",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "буква́льный"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "doslóvnyj",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "досло́вный"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "doslovný"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "literal"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "bokstavlig"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "nghĩa đen"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"note": "sát nghĩa (of a translation)",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"note": "nguyên văn (of a translation)",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 7 2 3 2 1",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "llythrennol"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 15 12 17 19 4 1 6 7 17 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 13 12 14 18 4 1 5 3 14 1 0 0 1 14 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "A literal reading of the law would prohibit it, but that is clearly not the intent.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Following the letter or exact words; not free; not taking liberties"
],
"id": "en-literal-en-adj-ZylDrdqz",
"links": [
[
"Following",
"follow"
],
[
"free",
"free"
],
[
"liberties",
"liberties"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "baṙacʻi",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "բառացի"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dosloven",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "дословен"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhúzìzhújù",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "逐字逐句"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "doslovný"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "letterlijk"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "strikt"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "kirjaimellinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "sananmukainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "sanatarkka"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "littéral"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "literal"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "buchstäblich"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "szó szerinti"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "szóról szóra történő"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "betű szerinti"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "letterale"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "alla lettera"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"alt": "もじどおり",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "mojidōri",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "文字通り"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "nb",
"english": "translation",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "ordrett"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "nn",
"english": "translation",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "ordrett"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "stæflīċ"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "dosłowny"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "literal"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"note": "literally m or n",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "literală"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tóčnyj",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "то́чный"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bukválʹnyj",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "буква́льный"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "doslóvnyj",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "досло́вный"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "ordagrann"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 57 11 10 10 3 1",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "llythrennol"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Theology",
"orig": "en:Theology",
"parents": [
"Philosophy",
"Religion",
"All topics",
"Culture",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 15 12 17 19 4 1 6 7 17 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 13 12 14 18 4 1 5 3 14 1 0 0 1 14 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 10 12 9 17 6 1 17 7 15 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old English translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1998, Kevin Vanhoozer, “6. Redeeming the Text: The Rationality of Literary Acts”, in Is There a Meaning in This Text?, page 311:",
"text": "It is most important to distinguish literalistic from literal interpretation. [...] ‘Literalistic’ interpretation is like word-for-word translation that yields the verbally exact or ‘formally equivalent’ versions but also runs the risk of overlooking the main (illocutionary) point. Literal interpretation, on the other hand, is more like a translation that strives for dynamic equivalence and yields the literary sense.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(broadly) That which generally assumes that the plainest reading of a given scripture is correct but which allows for metaphor where context indicates it; (specifically) following the historical-grammatical method of biblical interpretation"
],
"id": "en-literal-en-adj-dEgaC6W1",
"links": [
[
"theology",
"theology"
],
[
"plainest",
"plainest"
],
[
"scripture",
"scripture"
],
[
"context",
"context"
],
[
"biblical",
"biblical"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(theology) (broadly) That which generally assumes that the plainest reading of a given scripture is correct but which allows for metaphor where context indicates it; (specifically) following the historical-grammatical method of biblical interpretation"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion",
"theology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 15 12 17 19 4 1 6 7 17 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 13 12 14 18 4 1 5 3 14 1 0 0 1 14 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a literal equation",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Consisting of, or expressed by, letters (of an alphabet); using literation."
],
"id": "en-literal-en-adj-jR6JbQmK",
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"alphabet",
"alphabet"
],
[
"literation",
"literation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon) Consisting of, or expressed by, letters (of an alphabet); using literation."
],
"tags": [
"uncommon"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 15 11 48 16 4 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bukven",
"sense": "consisting of, or expressed by, letters",
"word": "буквен"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 15 11 48 16 4 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "consisting of, or expressed by, letters",
"word": "letter-"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 15 11 48 16 4 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "consisting of, or expressed by, letters",
"word": "épistolaire"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 15 11 48 16 4 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "consisting of, or expressed by, letters",
"word": "letterale"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 15 11 48 16 4 2",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "mojijō no",
"sense": "consisting of, or expressed by, letters",
"word": "文字上の"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 15 11 48 16 4 2",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "consisting of, or expressed by, letters",
"word": "stæflīċ"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 15 11 48 16 4 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"note": "literally m or n",
"sense": "consisting of, or expressed by, letters"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 15 11 48 16 4 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "consisting of, or expressed by, letters",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "literală"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 15 11 48 16 4 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "búkvennyj",
"sense": "consisting of, or expressed by, letters",
"word": "бу́квенный"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 15 11 48 16 4 2",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "consisting of, or expressed by, letters",
"word": "llythrennol"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 11 12 12 31 3 2 5 4 17 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 12 12 14 18 3 1 5 4 13 1 1 1 1 13 0 0",
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"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
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},
{
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"name": "Pages with entries",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 11 14 11 23 4 2 10 5 13 2",
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"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 14 11 23 4 2 9 6 12 2",
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"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 12 16 11 23 5 2 8 5 12 2",
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"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 15 11 24 4 2 8 5 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 11 15 10 21 4 2 10 6 13 2",
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"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 11 14 11 30 4 1 6 4 14 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 12 15 13 25 4 2 6 4 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 12 15 11 24 4 2 8 6 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Faroese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 14 11 26 4 2 8 5 12 2",
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"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 12 17 13 25 4 2 5 3 14 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 15 11 24 4 2 8 5 12 2",
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"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 12 15 12 26 4 2 5 4 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 10 14 11 26 3 2 5 10 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 10 14 10 23 4 2 7 12 11 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 15 11 24 4 2 8 5 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 12 15 11 24 4 2 8 6 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 13 15 11 24 4 2 8 5 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 12 16 13 27 4 2 5 3 14 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 12 16 13 27 4 2 5 3 14 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 15 11 24 4 2 8 6 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 12 15 12 23 4 2 6 6 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 15 11 24 4 2 8 5 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 12 15 11 23 4 2 8 6 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 14 17 14 26 3 1 5 4 15 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 10 12 9 17 6 1 17 7 15 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old English translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 13 15 11 22 4 3 8 5 12 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 15 11 24 4 2 8 6 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 15 11 24 4 2 8 5 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 12 16 13 27 4 2 5 3 15 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 12 15 11 24 4 2 8 6 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 13 15 14 25 3 1 7 4 14 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 14 11 27 4 2 7 5 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 12 15 11 24 4 2 8 6 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 12 16 13 26 4 2 5 4 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Unimaginative; matter-of-fact"
],
"id": "en-literal-en-adj-IWv7NTtx",
"links": [
[
"Unimaginative",
"unimaginative"
],
[
"matter-of-fact",
"matter-of-fact"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a person) Unimaginative; matter-of-fact"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a person"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Telemarketers are the literal worst.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used non-literally as an intensifier; see literally for usage notes."
],
"id": "en-literal-en-adj-JDC1PVx1",
"links": [
[
"literally",
"literally#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(proscribed) Used non-literally as an intensifier; see literally for usage notes."
],
"tags": [
"proscribed"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "littoral"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Misspelling of littoral."
],
"id": "en-literal-en-adj-obZxXlRO",
"links": [
[
"littoral",
"littoral#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"misspelling"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɪt(ə)ɹəl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-literal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-literal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-literal.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɪtəɹəl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"homophone": "littoral"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "litteral"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"literal"
],
"word": "literal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "literal"
},
"expansion": "Middle English literal",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "literal"
},
"expansion": "Old French literal",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "litteralis"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin litteralis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "littera"
},
"expansion": "Latin littera",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English literal, from Old French literal, from Late Latin litteralis, also literalis (“of or pertaining to letters or to writing”), from Latin littera, litera (“a letter”); see letter.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "literals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "literal (plural literals)",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "constant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "prime formula"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Typography",
"orig": "en:Typography",
"parents": [
"Printing",
"Writing",
"Industries",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Business",
"Human",
"Communication",
"Economics",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 10 12 9 17 6 1 17 7 15 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old English translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A misprint (or occasionally a scribal error) that affects a letter."
],
"id": "en-literal-en-noun-en:typo",
"links": [
[
"typography",
"typography"
],
[
"misprint",
"misprint"
],
[
"letter",
"letter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(epigraphy, typography) A misprint (or occasionally a scribal error) that affects a letter."
],
"senseid": [
"en:typo"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "typo"
}
],
"topics": [
"epigraphy",
"history",
"human-sciences",
"literature",
"media",
"publishing",
"sciences",
"typography"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Programming",
"orig": "en:Programming",
"parents": [
"Computing",
"Software engineering",
"Technology",
"Computer science",
"Engineering",
"Software",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Applied sciences",
"Media",
"Fundamental",
"Communication"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A value, as opposed to an identifier, written into the source code of a computer program."
],
"id": "en-literal-en-noun-zP5~96Z7",
"links": [
[
"programming",
"programming#Noun"
],
[
"identifier",
"identifier"
],
[
"source code",
"source code"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(programming) A value, as opposed to an identifier, written into the source code of a computer program."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "literal constant"
}
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"programming",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "11 64 23 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhíjiēliàng",
"sense": "programming: value written in the source code",
"word": "直接量"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 64 23 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zìmiànliàng",
"sense": "programming: value written in the source code",
"word": "字面量"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 64 23 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "programming: value written in the source code",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "literál"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 64 23 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "programming: value written in the source code",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "literaal"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 64 23 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "programming: value written in the source code",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "littéral"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 64 23 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "programming: value written in the source code",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "littéraux"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 64 23 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kyriolektikó",
"sense": "programming: value written in the source code",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κυριολεκτικό"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 64 23 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "programming: value written in the source code",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "literał"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 64 23 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "programming: value written in the source code",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "literal"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 64 23 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "programming: value written in the source code",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "constante"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Logic",
"orig": "en:Logic",
"parents": [
"Formal sciences",
"Philosophy",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 15 12 17 19 4 1 6 7 17 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 13 12 14 18 4 1 5 3 14 1 0 0 1 14 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 10 12 9 17 6 1 17 7 15 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old English translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A propositional variable or the negation of a propositional variable. ᵂᵖ"
],
"id": "en-literal-en-noun-QvW2nfhN",
"links": [
[
"logic",
"logic"
],
[
"propositional",
"propositional calculus"
],
[
"variable",
"variable"
],
[
"negation",
"negation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(logic) A propositional variable or the negation of a propositional variable. ᵂᵖ"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"logic",
"mathematics",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "littoral"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Misspelling of littoral."
],
"id": "en-literal-en-noun-obZxXlRO",
"links": [
[
"littoral",
"littoral#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"misspelling"
]
}
],
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"ipa": "/ˈlɪt(ə)ɹəl/"
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{
"ipa": "/ˈlɪtəɹəl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"homophone": "littoral"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "litteral"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"literal"
],
"word": "literal"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “exactly as stated”",
"word": "figurative"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “exactly as stated”",
"word": "metaphorical"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “exactly as stated”",
"word": "nonliteral"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “exactly as stated”",
"word": "illiteral"
}
],
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English contranyms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with homophones",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "antiliteral"
},
{
"word": "biliteral"
},
{
"word": "duoliteral"
},
{
"word": "hyperliteralism"
},
{
"word": "illiteral"
},
{
"word": "literal equation"
},
{
"word": "literalism"
},
{
"word": "literalist"
},
{
"word": "literalistic"
},
{
"word": "literalize"
},
{
"word": "literalise"
},
{
"word": "literally"
},
{
"word": "literal-minded"
},
{
"word": "literalness"
},
{
"word": "literal rule"
},
{
"word": "literal theonymy"
},
{
"word": "monoliteral"
},
{
"word": "multiliteral"
},
{
"word": "pluriliteral"
},
{
"word": "quadriliteral"
},
{
"word": "quinqueliteral"
},
{
"word": "transliteral"
},
{
"word": "triliteral"
},
{
"word": "uniliteral"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "literal"
},
"expansion": "Middle English literal",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "literal"
},
"expansion": "Old French literal",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "litteralis"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin litteralis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "littera"
},
"expansion": "Latin littera",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English literal, from Old French literal, from Late Latin litteralis, also literalis (“of or pertaining to letters or to writing”), from Latin littera, litera (“a letter”); see letter.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more literal",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most literal",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "literal (comparative more literal, superlative most literal)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "hyperliteral"
},
{
"word": "overliteral"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "letter"
},
{
"word": "literacy"
},
{
"word": "literary"
},
{
"word": "literate"
},
{
"word": "literature"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The literal translation is \"hands full of bananas\" but it means \"empty-handed\".",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1594–1597, Richard Hooker, edited by J[ohn] S[penser], Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, […], London: […] Will[iam] Stansby [for Matthew Lownes], published 1611, →OCLC, (please specify the page):",
"text": "a middle course between the rigour of literal translations and the liberty of paraphrasts",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1989, “Preface to the New Revised Standard Version”, in Bible Research:",
"text": "Within the constraints set by the original texts and by the mandates of the Division, the Committee has followed the maxim, 'As literal as possible, as free as necessary.' As a consequence, the New Revised Standard Version (NRSV) remains essentially a literal translation.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017 January 12, Jesse Hassenger, “A literal monster truck is far from the stupidest thing about Monster Trucks”, in The Onion AV Club:",
"text": "Mechanically, operating this hybrid vehicle is sort of a cross between driving a car and taming an animal, which means the movie treats the audience to the sight of a man (pretending to be a teenager) driving a literal monster truck in a field next to a woman (also pretending to be a teenager) riding a horse.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation; according to the letter or verbal expression; real; not figurative or metaphorical, and etymonic rather than idiomatic."
],
"links": [
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"read",
"read"
],
[
"understood",
"understand"
],
[
"interpretation",
"interpretation"
],
[
"accord",
"accord"
],
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"real",
"real"
],
[
"figurative",
"figurative"
],
[
"metaphorical",
"metaphorical"
],
[
"etymonic",
"etymon#English"
],
[
"idiomatic",
"idiom#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "A literal reading of the law would prohibit it, but that is clearly not the intent.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Following the letter or exact words; not free; not taking liberties"
],
"links": [
[
"Following",
"follow"
],
[
"free",
"free"
],
[
"liberties",
"liberties"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Theology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1998, Kevin Vanhoozer, “6. Redeeming the Text: The Rationality of Literary Acts”, in Is There a Meaning in This Text?, page 311:",
"text": "It is most important to distinguish literalistic from literal interpretation. [...] ‘Literalistic’ interpretation is like word-for-word translation that yields the verbally exact or ‘formally equivalent’ versions but also runs the risk of overlooking the main (illocutionary) point. Literal interpretation, on the other hand, is more like a translation that strives for dynamic equivalence and yields the literary sense.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(broadly) That which generally assumes that the plainest reading of a given scripture is correct but which allows for metaphor where context indicates it; (specifically) following the historical-grammatical method of biblical interpretation"
],
"links": [
[
"theology",
"theology"
],
[
"plainest",
"plainest"
],
[
"scripture",
"scripture"
],
[
"context",
"context"
],
[
"biblical",
"biblical"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(theology) (broadly) That which generally assumes that the plainest reading of a given scripture is correct but which allows for metaphor where context indicates it; (specifically) following the historical-grammatical method of biblical interpretation"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion",
"theology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with uncommon senses",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a literal equation",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Consisting of, or expressed by, letters (of an alphabet); using literation."
],
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"alphabet",
"alphabet"
],
[
"literation",
"literation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon) Consisting of, or expressed by, letters (of an alphabet); using literation."
],
"tags": [
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Unimaginative; matter-of-fact"
],
"links": [
[
"Unimaginative",
"unimaginative"
],
[
"matter-of-fact",
"matter-of-fact"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a person) Unimaginative; matter-of-fact"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English proscribed terms",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Telemarketers are the literal worst.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used non-literally as an intensifier; see literally for usage notes."
],
"links": [
[
"literally",
"literally#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(proscribed) Used non-literally as an intensifier; see literally for usage notes."
],
"tags": [
"proscribed"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "littoral"
}
],
"categories": [
"English misspellings"
],
"glosses": [
"Misspelling of littoral."
],
"links": [
[
"littoral",
"littoral#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"misspelling"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɪt(ə)ɹəl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-literal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-literal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-literal.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-literal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-literal.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɪtəɹəl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"homophone": "littoral"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "litteral"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "lafẓiyy",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "لَفْظِيّ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḥarfiyy",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "حَرْفِيّ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "baṙacʻi",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "բառացի"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bukvalen",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "буквален"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "literal"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zìmiàn",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "字面"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "doslovný"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "bogstavelig"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "letterlijk"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "bókstavligur"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "kirjaimellinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "sananmukainen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "littéral"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "literal"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "wörtlich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "buchstäblich"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katá grámma",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "κατά γράμμα"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "szó szerinti"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "bókstaflegur"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "literal"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "harfiah"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "beacht"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "letterale"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "alla lettera"
},
{
"alt": "ちくごてきな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chikugoteki na",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "逐語的な"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "bukvalen",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "буквален"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "pūrite"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "stæflīċ"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "dosłowny"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "literalny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "literal"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"note": "literally m or n",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "literală"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bukválʹnyj",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "буква́льный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "doslóvnyj",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "досло́вный"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "doslovný"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "literal"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "bokstavlig"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "nghĩa đen"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"note": "sát nghĩa (of a translation)",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"note": "nguyên văn (of a translation)",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "exactly as stated; read or understood without additional interpretation",
"word": "llythrennol"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "baṙacʻi",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "բառացի"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dosloven",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "дословен"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhúzìzhújù",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "逐字逐句"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "doslovný"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "letterlijk"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "strikt"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "kirjaimellinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "sananmukainen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "sanatarkka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "littéral"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "literal"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "buchstäblich"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "szó szerinti"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "szóról szóra történő"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "betű szerinti"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "letterale"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "alla lettera"
},
{
"alt": "もじどおり",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "mojidōri",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "文字通り"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"english": "translation",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "ordrett"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"english": "translation",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "ordrett"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "stæflīċ"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "dosłowny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "literal"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"note": "literally m or n",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "literală"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tóčnyj",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "то́чный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bukválʹnyj",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "буква́льный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "doslóvnyj",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "досло́вный"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "ordagrann"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "following the letter or exact words, not taking liberties",
"word": "llythrennol"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bukven",
"sense": "consisting of, or expressed by, letters",
"word": "буквен"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "consisting of, or expressed by, letters",
"word": "letter-"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "consisting of, or expressed by, letters",
"word": "épistolaire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "consisting of, or expressed by, letters",
"word": "letterale"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "mojijō no",
"sense": "consisting of, or expressed by, letters",
"word": "文字上の"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "consisting of, or expressed by, letters",
"word": "stæflīċ"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"note": "literally m or n",
"sense": "consisting of, or expressed by, letters"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "consisting of, or expressed by, letters",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "literală"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "búkvennyj",
"sense": "consisting of, or expressed by, letters",
"word": "бу́квенный"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "consisting of, or expressed by, letters",
"word": "llythrennol"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"literal"
],
"word": "literal"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English contranyms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with homophones",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "literal"
},
"expansion": "Middle English literal",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "literal"
},
"expansion": "Old French literal",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "litteralis"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin litteralis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "littera"
},
"expansion": "Latin littera",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English literal, from Old French literal, from Late Latin litteralis, also literalis (“of or pertaining to letters or to writing”), from Latin littera, litera (“a letter”); see letter.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "literals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "literal (plural literals)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "constant"
},
{
"word": "prime formula"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Typography"
],
"glosses": [
"A misprint (or occasionally a scribal error) that affects a letter."
],
"links": [
[
"typography",
"typography"
],
[
"misprint",
"misprint"
],
[
"letter",
"letter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(epigraphy, typography) A misprint (or occasionally a scribal error) that affects a letter."
],
"senseid": [
"en:typo"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "typo"
}
],
"topics": [
"epigraphy",
"history",
"human-sciences",
"literature",
"media",
"publishing",
"sciences",
"typography"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Programming"
],
"glosses": [
"A value, as opposed to an identifier, written into the source code of a computer program."
],
"links": [
[
"programming",
"programming#Noun"
],
[
"identifier",
"identifier"
],
[
"source code",
"source code"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(programming) A value, as opposed to an identifier, written into the source code of a computer program."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "literal constant"
}
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"programming",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Logic"
],
"glosses": [
"A propositional variable or the negation of a propositional variable. ᵂᵖ"
],
"links": [
[
"logic",
"logic"
],
[
"propositional",
"propositional calculus"
],
[
"variable",
"variable"
],
[
"negation",
"negation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(logic) A propositional variable or the negation of a propositional variable. ᵂᵖ"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"logic",
"mathematics",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "littoral"
}
],
"categories": [
"English misspellings"
],
"glosses": [
"Misspelling of littoral."
],
"links": [
[
"littoral",
"littoral#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"misspelling"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɪt(ə)ɹəl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-literal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-literal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-literal.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-literal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-literal.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɪtəɹəl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"homophone": "littoral"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "litteral"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhíjiēliàng",
"sense": "programming: value written in the source code",
"word": "直接量"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zìmiànliàng",
"sense": "programming: value written in the source code",
"word": "字面量"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "programming: value written in the source code",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "literál"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "programming: value written in the source code",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "literaal"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "programming: value written in the source code",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "littéral"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "programming: value written in the source code",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "littéraux"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kyriolektikó",
"sense": "programming: value written in the source code",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κυριολεκτικό"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "programming: value written in the source code",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "literał"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "programming: value written in the source code",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "literal"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "programming: value written in the source code",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "constante"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"literal"
],
"word": "literal"
}
Download raw JSONL data for literal meaning in English (27.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.