See irradiate in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁t-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "irradiate",
"t": "illuminated, shining"
},
"expansion": "Middle English irradiate (“illuminated, shining”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "irradiātus"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin irradiātus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perfect"
},
"expansion": "perfect",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "passive"
},
"expansion": "passive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in-",
"3": "radiō",
"alt1": "ir-",
"nocap": "1",
"t1": "against; into; on, upon",
"t2": "to cause to radiate, irradiate; to emit beams, radiate"
},
"expansion": "ir- (“against; into; on, upon”) + radiō (“to cause to radiate, irradiate; to emit beams, radiate”)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "radius",
"3": "-ō",
"nocap": "1",
"pos2": "first conjugation verb-forming suffix",
"t1": "ray of light; rod, staff; spoke of a wheel"
},
"expansion": "radius (“ray of light; rod, staff; spoke of a wheel”) + -ō (first conjugation verb-forming suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁t-",
"t": "beam; pole; post"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *reh₁t- (“beam; pole; post”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "in-",
"3": "radiate",
"t1": "against; into; on, upon"
},
"expansion": "in- (“against; into; on, upon”) + radiate",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English irradiate (“illuminated, shining”), borrowed from Medieval Latin irradiātus, perfect passive participle of irradiō, from ir- (“against; into; on, upon”) + radiō (“to cause to radiate, irradiate; to emit beams, radiate”), from radius (“ray of light; rod, staff; spoke of a wheel”) + -ō (first conjugation verb-forming suffix) (further etymology uncertain; possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁t- (“beam; pole; post”)). The adjective is attested earlier than the verb.\nThe English word is analysable as in- (“against; into; on, upon”) + radiate.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more irradiate",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most irradiate",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
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"3": "or",
"4": "poetic"
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"expansion": "(literary or poetic)",
"name": "term-label"
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],
"hyphenation": [
"ir‧rad‧i‧ate"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with in-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 2 10 7 8 8 3 11 0 4 1 8 10 7 8 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Light",
"orig": "en:Light",
"parents": [
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"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1725, Homer, “Book X”, in [Alexander Pope], transl., The Odyssey of Homer. […], volume III, London: […] Bernard Lintot, →OCLC, page 52, lines 582–583:",
"text": "There ſeek the Theban Bard, depriv'd of ſight, / VVithin, irradiate vvith prophetic light; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1801, Robert Southey, “The Twelfth Book”, in Thalaba the Destroyer, volume II, London: […] [F]or T[homas] N[orton] Longman and O[wen] Rees, […], by Biggs and Cottle, […], →OCLC, page 317:",
"text": "The co-existent Flame / Knew the Destroyer; it encircled him, / Roll'd up his robe, and gathered round his head, / Condensing to intenser splendour there, / His crown of glory, and his light of life, / Hovered the irradiate wreath.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1814, Dante Alighieri, “Canto XX”, in H[enry] F[rancis] Cary, transl., The Vision; or, Hell, Purgatory, and Paradise, of Dante Alighieri. […], volume III (Paradise), London: […] [J. Barfield] for Taylor and Hessey, […], →OCLC, page 89, lines 1–6:",
"text": "When, disappearing from our hemisphere, / The world's enlightener vanishes, and day / On all sides wasteth, suddenly the sky, / Erewhile irradiate only with his beam, / Is yet again unfolded, putting forth / Innumerable lights wherein one shines.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Made brilliant or bright; irradiated, illuminated."
],
"id": "en-irradiate-en-adj-Gkl2KsXc",
"links": [
[
"Made",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"brilliant",
"brilliant#Adjective"
],
[
"bright",
"bright#Adjective"
],
[
"irradiated",
"irradiated#Adjective"
],
[
"illuminated",
"illuminated#Adjective"
]
],
"tags": [
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"poetic"
]
},
{
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"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with in-",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"Made splendid or wonderful."
],
"id": "en-irradiate-en-adj-0c2WsHrl",
"links": [
[
"splendid",
"splendid"
],
[
"wonderful",
"wonderful#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) Made splendid or wonderful."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary",
"poetic"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "10 90",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "made splendid or wonderful",
"word": "säteilevä"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈɹeɪdɪət/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-irradiate2.wav",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪdɪət"
}
],
"word": "irradiate"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "irradiated"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "irradiating"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "irradiatingly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "irradiative"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "irradiator"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "nonirradiating"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "unirradiated"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "X-irradiate"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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"2": "enm",
"3": "irradiate",
"t": "illuminated, shining"
},
"expansion": "Middle English irradiate (“illuminated, shining”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English irradiate (“illuminated, shining”) (more at etymology 1), see -ate (verb-forming suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "irradiates",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "irradiating",
"tags": [
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},
{
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"tags": [
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"past"
]
},
{
"form": "irradiated",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
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"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
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}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
"expansion": "irradiate (third-person singular simple present irradiates, present participle irradiating, simple past and past participle irradiated)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"old": "1",
"stem": "irradiat"
},
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "irradiance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "irradiancy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "irradiant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "irradiation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "radiance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "radiancy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "radiant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "radiate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "radiation"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "radiation therapy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "radiography"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "radiotherapy"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 2 10 7 8 8 3 11 0 4 1 8 10 7 8 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
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"orig": "en:Light",
"parents": [
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"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 21 2 21 21 2 3 1 2 8 5 2 3 5 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Radioactivity",
"orig": "en:Radioactivity",
"parents": [
"Nuclear physics",
"Radiation",
"Physics",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Energy",
"Sciences",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To send out (heat, light, or some other form of radiation) in the form of rays; to radiate."
],
"id": "en-irradiate-en-verb-HXEZ9VWP",
"links": [
[
"send out",
"send out#Verb"
],
[
"heat",
"heat#Noun"
],
[
"light",
"light#Noun"
],
[
"radiation",
"radiation"
],
[
"form",
"form#Noun"
],
[
"rays",
"ray#Noun"
],
[
"radiate",
"radiate#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To send out (heat, light, or some other form of radiation) in the form of rays; to radiate."
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"poetic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 6 12 8 7 2 1 7 13 6 2 3 17 1 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 4 10 5 6 2 2 6 11 4 2 2 15 1 11 14 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 2 12 5 4 1 1 6 12 2 1 1 17 1 13 16 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1789, William Jones, “A Hymn to Lacshmí”, in A[nna] M[aria Shipley] J[ones], editor, The Works of Sir William Jones. […], volume VI, London: […] G[eorge] G[eorge] and J[ohn] Robinson, […]; and R[obert] H[arding] Evans (successor to Mr. [James] Edwards), […], published 1799, →OCLC, page 363:",
"text": "Such vvere thy gifts, Pedmálá, ſuch thy povv'r! / For, vvhen thy smile irradiates yon blue fields, / Obſervant Indra ſends the genial ſhovv'r.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1799, E. F. Lantier [i.e., Étienne-François de Lantier], “Supper at the House of Aristides—Anecdotes”, in [anonymous], transl., The Travels of Antenor in Greece and Asia: […], volume I, London: […] T[homas] N[orton] Longman and O[wen] Rees, […], →OCLC, page 150:",
"text": "Thou cheerful light of day! […] thou ſplendid luminary of Natur! thou no longer irradiateſt my eyes or exhilarateſt my ſoul! The ſeaſons ſtill follovv each other, and year ſucceeds to year; but to me day no more returns.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1805, Robert Southey, “Canto XVIII”, in Madoc, London: […] [F]or Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, and A[rchibald] Constable and Co, […], by James Ballantyne, […], →OCLC, part II (Madoc in Aztlan), page 359:",
"text": "Who hath watched / The midnight lightnings of the summer storm, / That, with their aweful blaze, irradiate heaven, / Then leave a blacker night?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, “Mr. Dombey Goes Upon a Journey”, in Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC, page 201:",
"text": "He saw her image in the blight and blackness all around him, not irradiating but deepening the gloom.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1875, F[rancesco] D[omenico] Guerrazzi, “The Banditti”, in Luigi Monti, transl., Manfred; or, The Battle of Benevento. […], New York, N.Y.: G[eorge] W. Carleton & Co.; London: S[ampson] Low, Son & Co., →OCLC, page 83:",
"text": "Hail, all hail, O sun, that suscitates and circumscribes life; hail, O fountain of life and death! […] At times, a little cloud, emanation of terrestrial vapor, shadowed those vaults destined to thee alone, and thou irradiatedst it with such splendor, that it seemed the brow of innocence; but it blackened as ingratitude, and waged war against thy rays.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1879, Jami, “Sáláman and Absál. Preliminary Invocation.”, in [Edward FitzGerald], transl., Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám, the Astronomer-Poet of Persia; and The Salámán and Ábsál of Jámí; […], 4th edition, London: Bernard Quaritch; […], →OCLC, page 51:",
"text": "Oh Thou, whose Spirit through this universe / In which Thou dost involve thyself diffused, / Shall so perchance irradiate human clay / That men, suddenly dazzled, lose themselves / In ecstacy^([sic – meaning ecstasy]) before a mortal shrine / Whose Light is but a Shade of the Divine; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make (someone or something) bright by shining light on them or it; to brighten, to illuminate."
],
"id": "en-irradiate-en-verb-FjX9WBf2",
"links": [
[
"make",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"bright",
"bright#Adjective"
],
[
"shining",
"shine#Verb"
],
[
"brighten",
"brighten"
],
[
"illuminate",
"illuminate#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(often literary or poetic) To make (someone or something) bright by shining light on them or it; to brighten, to illuminate."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "illumine"
},
{
"word": "light up"
},
{
"word": "illuminate"
}
],
"tags": [
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"often",
"poetic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Technology",
"orig": "en:Technology",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 21 2 21 21 2 3 1 2 8 5 2 3 5 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Radioactivity",
"orig": "en:Radioactivity",
"parents": [
"Nuclear physics",
"Radiation",
"Physics",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Energy",
"Sciences",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1985 November 18, J. Richard Graves, jr., witness, “Statement of J. Richard Graves, jr., Chairman, Government Relations Committee, United Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Association”, in Federal Food Irradiation Development and Control Act of 1985: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Department Operations, Research, and Foreign Agriculture of the Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, Ninety-Ninth Congress, First Session on H.R. 696 […] (Serial No. 99-14), Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, published 1986, →OCLC, page 100:",
"text": "An inherent protection in labeling of the shipping containers will be the prevention of irradiating the commodity again, insuring that the produce has been treated within the safety limits established by the FDA [Food and Drug Administration].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something).",
"To treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens."
],
"id": "en-irradiate-en-verb-0Z95rUYF",
"links": [
[
"technology",
"technology"
],
[
"apply",
"apply#Verb"
],
[
"visible light",
"visible light"
],
[
"treat",
"treat#Verb"
],
[
"food",
"food"
],
[
"ionizing radiation",
"ionizing radiation"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"pathogen",
"pathogen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(technology) To apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something).",
"To treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens."
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"poetic",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"technology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "en:Medicine",
"parents": [
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"Healthcare",
"Sciences",
"Health",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"parents": [
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"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 21 2 21 21 2 3 1 2 8 5 2 3 5 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Radioactivity",
"orig": "en:Radioactivity",
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"Nuclear physics",
"Radiation",
"Physics",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Energy",
"Sciences",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something).",
"To treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation."
],
"id": "en-irradiate-en-verb-Bi2oL0UJ",
"links": [
[
"technology",
"technology"
],
[
"apply",
"apply#Verb"
],
[
"visible light",
"visible light"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"patient",
"patient#Noun"
],
[
"cancerous",
"cancerous"
],
[
"growth",
"growth"
],
[
"tumour",
"tumor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(technology) To apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something).",
"(medicine) To treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation."
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"poetic",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences",
"technology"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1677 (date written), Matthew Hale, “Dangers that may Arise from Your Constitution and Complexion”, in A Letter of Advice to His Grandchildren, Matthew, Gabriel, Anne, Mary, and Frances Hale. […], Boston, Mass.: Wells and Lilly […], published 1817, →OCLC, page 35:",
"text": "[…] I therefore beseech God to give you his grace and blessing, and the influence of his blessed Spirit, that you may subdue and conquer the temperament of your nature, to do all things well-pleasing to him, and that may irradiate and strengthen your souls and direct you in all things, for there is none that teacheth like him.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To animate or enliven (one's mood, or soul or spirit)."
],
"id": "en-irradiate-en-verb-v-2RcppC",
"links": [
[
"animate",
"animate#Verb"
],
[
"enliven",
"enliven"
],
[
"mood",
"mood#Noun"
],
[
"soul",
"soul#Noun"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative, often literary or poetic)",
"To animate or enliven (one's mood, or soul or spirit)."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary",
"often",
"poetic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 2 10 7 8 8 3 11 0 4 1 8 10 7 8 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Light",
"orig": "en:Light",
"parents": [
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1877, William Black, “Mid-Atlantic”, in Green Pastures and Piccadilly. […], volume II, London: Macmillan and Co., →OCLC, page 186:",
"text": "[W]e regarded with awe and reverence the sublime features of Madame Columbus, now irradiated with triumph.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause (one's face) to look beautiful, happy, or lively; to light up."
],
"id": "en-irradiate-en-verb-BdU23Qzu",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause#Verb"
],
[
"face",
"face#Noun"
],
[
"look",
"look#Verb"
],
[
"beautiful",
"beautiful#Adjective"
],
[
"happy",
"happy#Adjective"
],
[
"lively",
"lively#Adjective"
],
[
"light up",
"light up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative, often literary or poetic)",
"To cause (one's face) to look beautiful, happy, or lively; to light up."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary",
"often",
"poetic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1717, Alexander Pope, “Eloisa to Abelard”, in The Works of Mr. Alexander Pope, volume I, London: […] W[illiam] Bowyer, for Bernard Lintot, […], published 1717, →OCLC, page 424:",
"text": "No vveeping orphan ſavv his father's ſtores / Our ſhrines irradiate, or emblaze the floors; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To decorate (a place) splendidly."
],
"id": "en-irradiate-en-verb-kuXF7Pny",
"links": [
[
"decorate",
"decorate"
],
[
"place",
"place#Noun"
],
[
"splendidly",
"splendidly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative, often literary or poetic)",
"To decorate (a place) splendidly."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary",
"often",
"poetic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 6 12 8 7 2 1 7 13 6 2 3 17 1 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 7 10 5 6 5 6 7 10 6 3 6 12 3 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ate (adjective)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 7 10 5 6 5 6 7 10 6 3 6 12 3 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ate (verb)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 4 10 5 6 2 2 6 11 4 2 2 15 1 11 14 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 2 12 5 4 1 1 6 12 2 1 1 17 1 13 16 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This book might irradiate your mind",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1711 (date written), George Bull, “Discourse III. Concerning the Spirit of God in the Faithful; […]”, in Some Important Points of Primitive Christianity Maintained and Defended; in Several Sermons and Other Discourses, Oxford, Oxfordshire: John Henry Parker, published 1840, →OCLC, page 400:",
"text": "And indeed we ought, in these happy intervals, when our understandings are thus irradiated and enlightened, to make a judgment of the state and condition of our souls in the sight of God, and not to take our estimate of it when our understandings are eclipsed, and we are overshadowed with a dark cloud of sadness and melancholy.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1799–1805 (date written), William Wordsworth, “Book II. School-time.—(Continued.)”, in The Prelude, or Growth of a Poet’s Mind; an Autobiographical Poem, London: Edward Moxon, […], published 1850, →OCLC, page 43:",
"text": "For him, in one dear Presence, there exists / A virtue which irradiates and exalts / Objects through widest intercourse of sense.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1838, [Letitia Elizabeth] Landon (indicated as editor), chapter XVI, in Duty and Inclination: […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 227:",
"text": "Nevertheless, she seemed to him so new to life, so truly a child—a reason, doubtless, more urgent to uphold and lend her his protection: the ray of humanity irradiating her features—the exclamation that burst from her, upon his first arousing from the torpor of insensibility, whilst extended in his narrow hammock on ship-board, had ever since left impressions of gratitude on his memory.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1837–1839, Henry Hallam, “History of Physical and Other Literature from 1650 to 1700”, in Introduction to the Literature of Europe, in the Fifteenth, Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, volume (please specify |volume=I to IV), London: John Murray, […], →OCLC, section V (On Geography and History), paragraph 48, page 604:",
"text": "He [Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet] first irradiated the entire annals of antiquity down to the age of Charlemagne with flashes of light that reveal an unity and coherence which had been lost in their magnitude and obscurity.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To enlighten (someone, their mind, etc.) intellectually or spiritually; to illuminate, to shed light on."
],
"id": "en-irradiate-en-verb-l0YmMWIQ",
"links": [
[
"enlighten",
"enlighten"
],
[
"mind",
"mind#Noun"
],
[
"intellectually",
"intellectually"
],
[
"spiritually",
"spiritually"
],
[
"shed light on",
"shed light on"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative, often literary or poetic)",
"To enlighten (someone, their mind, etc.) intellectually or spiritually; to illuminate, to shed light on."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary",
"often",
"poetic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1621, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Starres a Cause. Signes from Physiognomy, Metoposcopy, Chiromancy”, in The Anatomy of Melancholy, […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and Iames Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 1, section 2, member 1, subsection 4, page 75:",
"text": "Mercury in any geniture, if he ſhall be found in Virgo, or Piſces his oppoſite ſigne, and that in the Horoſcope, irradiated by thoſe quartile aspects of Saturne or Mars, the childe ſhall be mad or melancholy.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1876 June, Henry James, Jr., chapter III, in The American, Boston, Mass.: James R[ipley] Osgood and Company, […], published 5 May 1877, →OCLC, pages 56–57:",
"text": "[H]is ideal of grandeur was a splendid façade, diffusing its brilliancy outward too, irradiating hospitality.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To send out (something) as if in the form of rays; to diffuse, to radiate, to shed."
],
"id": "en-irradiate-en-verb-tI92z4rl",
"links": [
[
"diffuse",
"diffuse#Verb"
],
[
"shed",
"shed#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative, often literary or poetic)",
"To send out (something) as if in the form of rays; to diffuse, to radiate, to shed."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary",
"often",
"poetic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1662, Bartholinus [i.e., Thomas Bartholin], “Of the Kidneys”, in Nicholas Culpeper, Abdiah Cole, transl., Bartholinus Anatomy; […] (The Physitian’s Library), London: […] Peter Cole […], →OCLC, 1st book (Of the Lower Belly), page 48, column 1:",
"text": "[T]he neighbouring Spermatick Veſſels are irradiated and virtuated by the kidneys, even as the Brain irradiates the lovver Parts, by an inbred property reſembling light.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1677 (date written), Matthew Hale, “A Brief Consideration of the Hypotheses that Concern the Eternity of the World”, in The Primitive Origination of Mankind, Considered and Examined According to the Light of Nature, London: […] William Godbid, for William Shrowsbery, […], published 1677, →OCLC, section I, page 76:",
"text": "There muſt be antecedent to it that Ethereal or Solar heat, that muſt digeſt, influence, irradiate, and put theſe more ſimple parts of Matter into motion and coalition: […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To influence (something) as if with rays of heat, light, etc."
],
"id": "en-irradiate-en-verb-BsoXINOb",
"links": [
[
"influence",
"influence#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(obsolete, figurative) To influence (something) as if with rays of heat, light, etc."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary",
"obsolete",
"poetic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 2 10 7 8 8 3 11 0 4 1 8 10 7 8 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Light",
"orig": "en:Light",
"parents": [
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To become bright; to brighten, to light up."
],
"id": "en-irradiate-en-verb-GkRekMhj",
"links": [
[
"become",
"become"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, often literary or poetic)",
"To become bright; to brighten, to light up."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"literary",
"often",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 6 12 8 7 2 1 7 13 6 2 3 17 1 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 5 12 6 5 2 3 7 13 5 2 3 18 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 7 10 5 6 5 6 7 10 6 3 6 12 3 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ate (adjective)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 7 10 5 6 5 6 7 10 6 3 6 12 3 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ate (verb)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 4 9 5 4 2 3 11 14 4 2 3 25 2 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 4 10 5 6 2 2 6 11 4 2 2 15 1 11 14 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 2 12 5 4 1 1 6 12 2 1 1 17 1 13 16 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 5 12 4 6 4 4 6 13 5 2 4 20 2 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 12 4 6 4 4 6 13 4 2 5 20 2 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 12 4 4 2 3 6 14 4 2 3 24 2 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 12 4 7 4 4 6 12 4 4 4 20 2 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 12 4 7 4 4 6 12 4 4 4 20 2 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 11 4 5 4 7 5 11 5 2 7 22 3 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 3 12 4 6 4 4 6 14 4 2 5 20 2 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Often followed by on or upon: to emit rays of light; to shine."
],
"id": "en-irradiate-en-verb-~Zx52Ui4",
"links": [
[
"on",
"on#Preposition"
],
[
"upon",
"upon"
],
[
"emit",
"emit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, often literary or poetic)",
"Often followed by on or upon: to emit rays of light; to shine."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"literary",
"often",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1733, Tho[mas] Allen, “Jesus Christ’s Sixth Royal Embassy; or Word to the Angel of the Church in Philadelphia”, in The Christian’s Sure Guide to Eternal Glory: Or, Living Oracles Most Comfortable, Holy and Instructive of the Lord Jesus Christ from Heaven, in His Royal Embassy to the Seven Churches of Asia, […], London: […] Francis Jefferies […], →OCLC, page 253:",
"text": "[T]he pleaſures of ſenſe have no reliſh vvhere thou [Jesus] irradiateſt and teſtifieſt vvith our conſcience, that vve are the children of God, and have done thy vvill ſincerely, […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To emit something other than light; to radiate."
],
"id": "en-irradiate-en-verb-gSzZtgGb",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, often literary or poetic)",
"(figurative) To emit something other than light; to radiate."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"intransitive",
"literary",
"often",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 6 12 8 7 2 1 7 13 6 2 3 17 1 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 7 10 5 6 5 6 7 10 6 3 6 12 3 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ate (adjective)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 7 10 5 6 5 6 7 10 6 3 6 12 3 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ate (verb)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 4 10 5 6 2 2 6 11 4 2 2 15 1 11 14 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 2 12 5 4 1 1 6 12 2 1 1 17 1 13 16 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1705 (date written), [John Locke], “[Second Epistle of St. Paul to the Corinthians]”, in A Paraphrase and Notes on the Epistles of St. Paul […], London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for Awnsham and John Churchill, […], published 1706, →OCLC, section II, footnote 6(y), page 21:",
"text": "[…] Moſes by approaching to God in the Mount, had a Communication of Glory or Light from him, vvhich irradiated from his Face vvhen he deſcended from the Mount.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To diverge or be sent out in the form of rays."
],
"id": "en-irradiate-en-verb-mZQ8WwGy",
"links": [
[
"diverge",
"diverge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, often literary or poetic)",
"(obsolete) To diverge or be sent out in the form of rays."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"literary",
"obsolete",
"often",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈɹeɪdɪeɪt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-irradiate.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-irradiate.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-irradiate.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-irradiate.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-irradiate.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈɹeɪdiˌeɪt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪdɪeɪt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 2 35 35 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 11 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "oblǎčvam",
"sense": "to apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something); to treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens; to treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation",
"word": "облъчвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 2 35 35 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 11 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something); to treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens; to treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation",
"word": "sädettää"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 2 35 35 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 11 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something); to treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens; to treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation",
"word": "säteilyttää"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 2 35 35 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 11 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something); to treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens; to treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation",
"word": "bestrahlen"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 2 35 35 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 11 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ozrači",
"sense": "to apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something); to treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens; to treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation",
"word": "озрачи"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 2 35 35 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 11 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "partow zadan",
"sense": "to apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something); to treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens; to treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation",
"word": "پرتو زدن"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 2 35 35 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 11 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something); to treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens; to treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "napromieniowywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 2 35 35 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 11 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something); to treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens; to treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "napromieniować"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 2 35 35 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 11 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something); to treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens; to treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation",
"word": "bestråla"
}
],
"word": "irradiate"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English literary terms",
"English poetic terms",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *reh₁t-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms prefixed with in-",
"English terms suffixed with -ate (adjective)",
"English terms suffixed with -ate (verb)",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/eɪdɪeɪt",
"Rhymes:English/eɪdɪeɪt/4 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/eɪdɪət",
"Rhymes:English/eɪdɪət/4 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"en:Light",
"en:Radioactivity"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁t-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "irradiate",
"t": "illuminated, shining"
},
"expansion": "Middle English irradiate (“illuminated, shining”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "irradiātus"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin irradiātus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perfect"
},
"expansion": "perfect",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "passive"
},
"expansion": "passive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in-",
"3": "radiō",
"alt1": "ir-",
"nocap": "1",
"t1": "against; into; on, upon",
"t2": "to cause to radiate, irradiate; to emit beams, radiate"
},
"expansion": "ir- (“against; into; on, upon”) + radiō (“to cause to radiate, irradiate; to emit beams, radiate”)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "radius",
"3": "-ō",
"nocap": "1",
"pos2": "first conjugation verb-forming suffix",
"t1": "ray of light; rod, staff; spoke of a wheel"
},
"expansion": "radius (“ray of light; rod, staff; spoke of a wheel”) + -ō (first conjugation verb-forming suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁t-",
"t": "beam; pole; post"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *reh₁t- (“beam; pole; post”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "in-",
"3": "radiate",
"t1": "against; into; on, upon"
},
"expansion": "in- (“against; into; on, upon”) + radiate",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English irradiate (“illuminated, shining”), borrowed from Medieval Latin irradiātus, perfect passive participle of irradiō, from ir- (“against; into; on, upon”) + radiō (“to cause to radiate, irradiate; to emit beams, radiate”), from radius (“ray of light; rod, staff; spoke of a wheel”) + -ō (first conjugation verb-forming suffix) (further etymology uncertain; possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁t- (“beam; pole; post”)). The adjective is attested earlier than the verb.\nThe English word is analysable as in- (“against; into; on, upon”) + radiate.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more irradiate",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most irradiate",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "irradiate (comparative more irradiate, superlative most irradiate)",
"name": "en-adj"
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{
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"2": "literary",
"3": "or",
"4": "poetic"
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"expansion": "(literary or poetic)",
"name": "term-label"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ir‧rad‧i‧ate"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1725, Homer, “Book X”, in [Alexander Pope], transl., The Odyssey of Homer. […], volume III, London: […] Bernard Lintot, →OCLC, page 52, lines 582–583:",
"text": "There ſeek the Theban Bard, depriv'd of ſight, / VVithin, irradiate vvith prophetic light; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1801, Robert Southey, “The Twelfth Book”, in Thalaba the Destroyer, volume II, London: […] [F]or T[homas] N[orton] Longman and O[wen] Rees, […], by Biggs and Cottle, […], →OCLC, page 317:",
"text": "The co-existent Flame / Knew the Destroyer; it encircled him, / Roll'd up his robe, and gathered round his head, / Condensing to intenser splendour there, / His crown of glory, and his light of life, / Hovered the irradiate wreath.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1814, Dante Alighieri, “Canto XX”, in H[enry] F[rancis] Cary, transl., The Vision; or, Hell, Purgatory, and Paradise, of Dante Alighieri. […], volume III (Paradise), London: […] [J. Barfield] for Taylor and Hessey, […], →OCLC, page 89, lines 1–6:",
"text": "When, disappearing from our hemisphere, / The world's enlightener vanishes, and day / On all sides wasteth, suddenly the sky, / Erewhile irradiate only with his beam, / Is yet again unfolded, putting forth / Innumerable lights wherein one shines.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Made brilliant or bright; irradiated, illuminated."
],
"links": [
[
"Made",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"brilliant",
"brilliant#Adjective"
],
[
"bright",
"bright#Adjective"
],
[
"irradiated",
"irradiated#Adjective"
],
[
"illuminated",
"illuminated#Adjective"
]
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Made splendid or wonderful."
],
"links": [
[
"splendid",
"splendid"
],
[
"wonderful",
"wonderful#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) Made splendid or wonderful."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈɹeɪdɪət/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-irradiate2.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-irradiate2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-irradiate2.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪdɪət"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "made splendid or wonderful",
"word": "säteilevä"
}
],
"word": "irradiate"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ate (adjective)",
"English terms suffixed with -ate (verb)",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/eɪdɪeɪt",
"Rhymes:English/eɪdɪeɪt/4 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"en:Light",
"en:Radioactivity"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "irradiated"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "irradiating"
},
{
"word": "irradiatingly"
},
{
"word": "irradiative"
},
{
"word": "irradiator"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "nonirradiating"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "unirradiated"
},
{
"word": "X-irradiate"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "irradiate",
"t": "illuminated, shining"
},
"expansion": "Middle English irradiate (“illuminated, shining”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English irradiate (“illuminated, shining”) (more at etymology 1), see -ate (verb-forming suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "irradiates",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "irradiating",
"tags": [
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"present"
]
},
{
"form": "irradiated",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "irradiated",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "irradiate",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "irradiate (third-person singular simple present irradiates, present participle irradiating, simple past and past participle irradiated)",
"name": "en-verb"
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],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1",
"stem": "irradiat"
},
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "irradiance"
},
{
"word": "irradiancy"
},
{
"word": "irradiant"
},
{
"word": "irradiation"
},
{
"word": "radiance"
},
{
"word": "radiancy"
},
{
"word": "radiant"
},
{
"word": "radiate"
},
{
"word": "radiation"
},
{
"word": "radiation therapy"
},
{
"word": "radiography"
},
{
"word": "radiotherapy"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To send out (heat, light, or some other form of radiation) in the form of rays; to radiate."
],
"links": [
[
"send out",
"send out#Verb"
],
[
"heat",
"heat#Noun"
],
[
"light",
"light#Noun"
],
[
"radiation",
"radiation"
],
[
"form",
"form#Noun"
],
[
"rays",
"ray#Noun"
],
[
"radiate",
"radiate#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To send out (heat, light, or some other form of radiation) in the form of rays; to radiate."
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"poetic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English literary terms",
"English poetic terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1789, William Jones, “A Hymn to Lacshmí”, in A[nna] M[aria Shipley] J[ones], editor, The Works of Sir William Jones. […], volume VI, London: […] G[eorge] G[eorge] and J[ohn] Robinson, […]; and R[obert] H[arding] Evans (successor to Mr. [James] Edwards), […], published 1799, →OCLC, page 363:",
"text": "Such vvere thy gifts, Pedmálá, ſuch thy povv'r! / For, vvhen thy smile irradiates yon blue fields, / Obſervant Indra ſends the genial ſhovv'r.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1799, E. F. Lantier [i.e., Étienne-François de Lantier], “Supper at the House of Aristides—Anecdotes”, in [anonymous], transl., The Travels of Antenor in Greece and Asia: […], volume I, London: […] T[homas] N[orton] Longman and O[wen] Rees, […], →OCLC, page 150:",
"text": "Thou cheerful light of day! […] thou ſplendid luminary of Natur! thou no longer irradiateſt my eyes or exhilarateſt my ſoul! The ſeaſons ſtill follovv each other, and year ſucceeds to year; but to me day no more returns.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1805, Robert Southey, “Canto XVIII”, in Madoc, London: […] [F]or Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, and A[rchibald] Constable and Co, […], by James Ballantyne, […], →OCLC, part II (Madoc in Aztlan), page 359:",
"text": "Who hath watched / The midnight lightnings of the summer storm, / That, with their aweful blaze, irradiate heaven, / Then leave a blacker night?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, “Mr. Dombey Goes Upon a Journey”, in Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC, page 201:",
"text": "He saw her image in the blight and blackness all around him, not irradiating but deepening the gloom.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1875, F[rancesco] D[omenico] Guerrazzi, “The Banditti”, in Luigi Monti, transl., Manfred; or, The Battle of Benevento. […], New York, N.Y.: G[eorge] W. Carleton & Co.; London: S[ampson] Low, Son & Co., →OCLC, page 83:",
"text": "Hail, all hail, O sun, that suscitates and circumscribes life; hail, O fountain of life and death! […] At times, a little cloud, emanation of terrestrial vapor, shadowed those vaults destined to thee alone, and thou irradiatedst it with such splendor, that it seemed the brow of innocence; but it blackened as ingratitude, and waged war against thy rays.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1879, Jami, “Sáláman and Absál. Preliminary Invocation.”, in [Edward FitzGerald], transl., Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám, the Astronomer-Poet of Persia; and The Salámán and Ábsál of Jámí; […], 4th edition, London: Bernard Quaritch; […], →OCLC, page 51:",
"text": "Oh Thou, whose Spirit through this universe / In which Thou dost involve thyself diffused, / Shall so perchance irradiate human clay / That men, suddenly dazzled, lose themselves / In ecstacy^([sic – meaning ecstasy]) before a mortal shrine / Whose Light is but a Shade of the Divine; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make (someone or something) bright by shining light on them or it; to brighten, to illuminate."
],
"links": [
[
"make",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"bright",
"bright#Adjective"
],
[
"shining",
"shine#Verb"
],
[
"brighten",
"brighten"
],
[
"illuminate",
"illuminate#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(often literary or poetic) To make (someone or something) bright by shining light on them or it; to brighten, to illuminate."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "illumine"
},
{
"word": "light up"
},
{
"word": "illuminate"
}
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"often",
"poetic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Technology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1985 November 18, J. Richard Graves, jr., witness, “Statement of J. Richard Graves, jr., Chairman, Government Relations Committee, United Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Association”, in Federal Food Irradiation Development and Control Act of 1985: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Department Operations, Research, and Foreign Agriculture of the Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, Ninety-Ninth Congress, First Session on H.R. 696 […] (Serial No. 99-14), Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, published 1986, →OCLC, page 100:",
"text": "An inherent protection in labeling of the shipping containers will be the prevention of irradiating the commodity again, insuring that the produce has been treated within the safety limits established by the FDA [Food and Drug Administration].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something).",
"To treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens."
],
"links": [
[
"technology",
"technology"
],
[
"apply",
"apply#Verb"
],
[
"visible light",
"visible light"
],
[
"treat",
"treat#Verb"
],
[
"food",
"food"
],
[
"ionizing radiation",
"ionizing radiation"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"pathogen",
"pathogen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(technology) To apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something).",
"To treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens."
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"poetic",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"technology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Medicine",
"en:Technology"
],
"glosses": [
"To apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something).",
"To treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation."
],
"links": [
[
"technology",
"technology"
],
[
"apply",
"apply#Verb"
],
[
"visible light",
"visible light"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"patient",
"patient#Noun"
],
[
"cancerous",
"cancerous"
],
[
"growth",
"growth"
],
[
"tumour",
"tumor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(technology) To apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something).",
"(medicine) To treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation."
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"poetic",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences",
"technology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English literary terms",
"English poetic terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1677 (date written), Matthew Hale, “Dangers that may Arise from Your Constitution and Complexion”, in A Letter of Advice to His Grandchildren, Matthew, Gabriel, Anne, Mary, and Frances Hale. […], Boston, Mass.: Wells and Lilly […], published 1817, →OCLC, page 35:",
"text": "[…] I therefore beseech God to give you his grace and blessing, and the influence of his blessed Spirit, that you may subdue and conquer the temperament of your nature, to do all things well-pleasing to him, and that may irradiate and strengthen your souls and direct you in all things, for there is none that teacheth like him.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To animate or enliven (one's mood, or soul or spirit)."
],
"links": [
[
"animate",
"animate#Verb"
],
[
"enliven",
"enliven"
],
[
"mood",
"mood#Noun"
],
[
"soul",
"soul#Noun"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative, often literary or poetic)",
"To animate or enliven (one's mood, or soul or spirit)."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary",
"often",
"poetic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English literary terms",
"English poetic terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1877, William Black, “Mid-Atlantic”, in Green Pastures and Piccadilly. […], volume II, London: Macmillan and Co., →OCLC, page 186:",
"text": "[W]e regarded with awe and reverence the sublime features of Madame Columbus, now irradiated with triumph.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause (one's face) to look beautiful, happy, or lively; to light up."
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause#Verb"
],
[
"face",
"face#Noun"
],
[
"look",
"look#Verb"
],
[
"beautiful",
"beautiful#Adjective"
],
[
"happy",
"happy#Adjective"
],
[
"lively",
"lively#Adjective"
],
[
"light up",
"light up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative, often literary or poetic)",
"To cause (one's face) to look beautiful, happy, or lively; to light up."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary",
"often",
"poetic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English literary terms",
"English poetic terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1717, Alexander Pope, “Eloisa to Abelard”, in The Works of Mr. Alexander Pope, volume I, London: […] W[illiam] Bowyer, for Bernard Lintot, […], published 1717, →OCLC, page 424:",
"text": "No vveeping orphan ſavv his father's ſtores / Our ſhrines irradiate, or emblaze the floors; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To decorate (a place) splendidly."
],
"links": [
[
"decorate",
"decorate"
],
[
"place",
"place#Noun"
],
[
"splendidly",
"splendidly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative, often literary or poetic)",
"To decorate (a place) splendidly."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary",
"often",
"poetic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English literary terms",
"English poetic terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This book might irradiate your mind",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1711 (date written), George Bull, “Discourse III. Concerning the Spirit of God in the Faithful; […]”, in Some Important Points of Primitive Christianity Maintained and Defended; in Several Sermons and Other Discourses, Oxford, Oxfordshire: John Henry Parker, published 1840, →OCLC, page 400:",
"text": "And indeed we ought, in these happy intervals, when our understandings are thus irradiated and enlightened, to make a judgment of the state and condition of our souls in the sight of God, and not to take our estimate of it when our understandings are eclipsed, and we are overshadowed with a dark cloud of sadness and melancholy.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1799–1805 (date written), William Wordsworth, “Book II. School-time.—(Continued.)”, in The Prelude, or Growth of a Poet’s Mind; an Autobiographical Poem, London: Edward Moxon, […], published 1850, →OCLC, page 43:",
"text": "For him, in one dear Presence, there exists / A virtue which irradiates and exalts / Objects through widest intercourse of sense.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1838, [Letitia Elizabeth] Landon (indicated as editor), chapter XVI, in Duty and Inclination: […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 227:",
"text": "Nevertheless, she seemed to him so new to life, so truly a child—a reason, doubtless, more urgent to uphold and lend her his protection: the ray of humanity irradiating her features—the exclamation that burst from her, upon his first arousing from the torpor of insensibility, whilst extended in his narrow hammock on ship-board, had ever since left impressions of gratitude on his memory.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1837–1839, Henry Hallam, “History of Physical and Other Literature from 1650 to 1700”, in Introduction to the Literature of Europe, in the Fifteenth, Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, volume (please specify |volume=I to IV), London: John Murray, […], →OCLC, section V (On Geography and History), paragraph 48, page 604:",
"text": "He [Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet] first irradiated the entire annals of antiquity down to the age of Charlemagne with flashes of light that reveal an unity and coherence which had been lost in their magnitude and obscurity.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To enlighten (someone, their mind, etc.) intellectually or spiritually; to illuminate, to shed light on."
],
"links": [
[
"enlighten",
"enlighten"
],
[
"mind",
"mind#Noun"
],
[
"intellectually",
"intellectually"
],
[
"spiritually",
"spiritually"
],
[
"shed light on",
"shed light on"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative, often literary or poetic)",
"To enlighten (someone, their mind, etc.) intellectually or spiritually; to illuminate, to shed light on."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary",
"often",
"poetic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English literary terms",
"English poetic terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1621, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Starres a Cause. Signes from Physiognomy, Metoposcopy, Chiromancy”, in The Anatomy of Melancholy, […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and Iames Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 1, section 2, member 1, subsection 4, page 75:",
"text": "Mercury in any geniture, if he ſhall be found in Virgo, or Piſces his oppoſite ſigne, and that in the Horoſcope, irradiated by thoſe quartile aspects of Saturne or Mars, the childe ſhall be mad or melancholy.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1876 June, Henry James, Jr., chapter III, in The American, Boston, Mass.: James R[ipley] Osgood and Company, […], published 5 May 1877, →OCLC, pages 56–57:",
"text": "[H]is ideal of grandeur was a splendid façade, diffusing its brilliancy outward too, irradiating hospitality.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To send out (something) as if in the form of rays; to diffuse, to radiate, to shed."
],
"links": [
[
"diffuse",
"diffuse#Verb"
],
[
"shed",
"shed#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative, often literary or poetic)",
"To send out (something) as if in the form of rays; to diffuse, to radiate, to shed."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary",
"often",
"poetic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1662, Bartholinus [i.e., Thomas Bartholin], “Of the Kidneys”, in Nicholas Culpeper, Abdiah Cole, transl., Bartholinus Anatomy; […] (The Physitian’s Library), London: […] Peter Cole […], →OCLC, 1st book (Of the Lower Belly), page 48, column 1:",
"text": "[T]he neighbouring Spermatick Veſſels are irradiated and virtuated by the kidneys, even as the Brain irradiates the lovver Parts, by an inbred property reſembling light.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1677 (date written), Matthew Hale, “A Brief Consideration of the Hypotheses that Concern the Eternity of the World”, in The Primitive Origination of Mankind, Considered and Examined According to the Light of Nature, London: […] William Godbid, for William Shrowsbery, […], published 1677, →OCLC, section I, page 76:",
"text": "There muſt be antecedent to it that Ethereal or Solar heat, that muſt digeſt, influence, irradiate, and put theſe more ſimple parts of Matter into motion and coalition: […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To influence (something) as if with rays of heat, light, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"influence",
"influence#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(obsolete, figurative) To influence (something) as if with rays of heat, light, etc."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary",
"obsolete",
"poetic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English literary terms",
"English poetic terms"
],
"glosses": [
"To become bright; to brighten, to light up."
],
"links": [
[
"become",
"become"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, often literary or poetic)",
"To become bright; to brighten, to light up."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"literary",
"often",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English literary terms",
"English poetic terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Often followed by on or upon: to emit rays of light; to shine."
],
"links": [
[
"on",
"on#Preposition"
],
[
"upon",
"upon"
],
[
"emit",
"emit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, often literary or poetic)",
"Often followed by on or upon: to emit rays of light; to shine."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"literary",
"often",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English literary terms",
"English poetic terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1733, Tho[mas] Allen, “Jesus Christ’s Sixth Royal Embassy; or Word to the Angel of the Church in Philadelphia”, in The Christian’s Sure Guide to Eternal Glory: Or, Living Oracles Most Comfortable, Holy and Instructive of the Lord Jesus Christ from Heaven, in His Royal Embassy to the Seven Churches of Asia, […], London: […] Francis Jefferies […], →OCLC, page 253:",
"text": "[T]he pleaſures of ſenſe have no reliſh vvhere thou [Jesus] irradiateſt and teſtifieſt vvith our conſcience, that vve are the children of God, and have done thy vvill ſincerely, […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To emit something other than light; to radiate."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, often literary or poetic)",
"(figurative) To emit something other than light; to radiate."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"intransitive",
"literary",
"often",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English literary terms",
"English poetic terms",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1705 (date written), [John Locke], “[Second Epistle of St. Paul to the Corinthians]”, in A Paraphrase and Notes on the Epistles of St. Paul […], London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for Awnsham and John Churchill, […], published 1706, →OCLC, section II, footnote 6(y), page 21:",
"text": "[…] Moſes by approaching to God in the Mount, had a Communication of Glory or Light from him, vvhich irradiated from his Face vvhen he deſcended from the Mount.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To diverge or be sent out in the form of rays."
],
"links": [
[
"diverge",
"diverge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, often literary or poetic)",
"(obsolete) To diverge or be sent out in the form of rays."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"literary",
"obsolete",
"often",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈɹeɪdɪeɪt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-irradiate.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-irradiate.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-irradiate.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-irradiate.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-irradiate.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈɹeɪdiˌeɪt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪdɪeɪt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "oblǎčvam",
"sense": "to apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something); to treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens; to treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation",
"word": "облъчвам"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something); to treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens; to treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation",
"word": "sädettää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something); to treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens; to treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation",
"word": "säteilyttää"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something); to treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens; to treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation",
"word": "bestrahlen"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ozrači",
"sense": "to apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something); to treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens; to treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation",
"word": "озрачи"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "partow zadan",
"sense": "to apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something); to treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens; to treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation",
"word": "پرتو زدن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something); to treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens; to treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "napromieniowywać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something); to treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens; to treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "napromieniować"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something); to treat (food) with ionizing radiation to destroy pathogens; to treat (a patient, or a cancerous growth or tumour) with radiation",
"word": "bestråla"
}
],
"word": "irradiate"
}
Download raw JSONL data for irradiate meaning in English (29.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.