See humpback in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for humpback meaning in English (19.1kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "humpback bridge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "humpback salmon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "humpback whale"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hump",
"3": "back"
},
"expansion": "hump + back",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "hump + back",
"forms": [
{
"form": "humpbacks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "humpback (plural humpbacks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "humpbacked"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kyphosis"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1902, Somerset Maugham, chapter 16, in Mrs Craddock, London: Heinemann, published 1955, page 157",
"text": "[…] the cows stood about with gloomy eyes and hump-backs, surly and dangerous […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1969, Anne Morrow Lindbergh, “Immersion in Life”, in Earth Shine, New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, page 52",
"text": "On the bare hills one begins to see unfamiliar silhouettes of animals against the sky. […] the peaked humpbacks of gnu on a ridge […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A humped back (deformity in humans caused by abnormal curvature of the upper spine).",
"A hump or protuberance on the shoulders or back of an animal."
],
"id": "en-humpback-en-noun-4Ulg8sqZ",
"links": [
[
"hump",
"hump"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"curvature",
"curvature#English"
],
[
"spine",
"spine#English"
],
[
"protuberance",
"protuberance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A humped back (deformity in humans caused by abnormal curvature of the upper spine).",
"(by extension) A hump or protuberance on the shoulders or back of an animal."
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1858, Royal B. Stratton, Captivity of the Oatman Girls, San Francisco: [for the author], Chapter 4, p. 134,\nOn either side were the high, irregularly sloped mountains, with their foot hills robed in the same bright green as the valley, and with their bald hump-backs and sharp peaks, treeless, verdureless, and desolate […]"
},
{
"ref": "1968, Barry England, Figures in a Landscape, New York: Random House, Part 1, p. 78",
"text": "The Goons kept appearing and disappearing in different places, always closer to them, as they worked their way over the humpback of the terrain.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2002, Michael Collins, chapter 38, in The Resurrectionists, Penguin, published 2006, page 286",
"text": "I could see clear out to the humpbacks of small islands along the great lake, where small banks of fog hung.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A humped back (deformity in humans caused by abnormal curvature of the upper spine).",
"A rounded topographical feature, such as a mountain or hill."
],
"id": "en-humpback-en-noun-7FFp-9J4",
"links": [
[
"hump",
"hump"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"curvature",
"curvature#English"
],
[
"spine",
"spine#English"
],
[
"topographical",
"topographical"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A humped back (deformity in humans caused by abnormal curvature of the upper spine).",
"(figurative) A rounded topographical feature, such as a mountain or hill."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1691, John Dunton, chapter 6, in A Voyage Round the World, London: Richard Newcome, page 122",
"text": "[…] the Stone in my Fathers Body was so immense, that I’ve wonder’d it did not bunch up behind, and make him have a Hump-back, or at least overpoise him in walking, and drag him backward with its incredible weight.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1709 October 1, Richard Steele, “The Lucubrations of Isaac Bickerstaff Esq.”, in The Tatler, volume 2, number 75, London, published 1712, page 166",
"text": "In the Male Line, there happened an unlucky Accident in the Reign of Richard the Third; the eldest Son of Philip, then Chief of the Family, being born with an Hump-back and very high Nose.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1948, Philip Gibbs, chapter 5, in Behind the Curtain, Toronto: The Ryerson Press",
"text": "He saw Dmitri half rise from his chair so that the shadow of his humpback shifted on the whitewashed wall.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A humped back (deformity in humans caused by abnormal curvature of the upper spine)."
],
"id": "en-humpback-en-noun-fpyjUG-N",
"links": [
[
"hump",
"hump"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"curvature",
"curvature#English"
],
[
"spine",
"spine#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 6 4 14 24 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1860, George Eliot, The Mill on the Floss, Book 2, Chapter 6",
"text": "[…] Tom’s more specific and kindly impressions gradually melted into the old background of suspicion and dislike toward him as a queer fellow, a humpback, and the son of a rogue.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1951, Graham Greene, The End of the Affair, Penguin, published 1975, Book 2, Chapter 7, p. 81",
"text": "[…] I stared up at the raw spots on his cheek and thought, there is no safety anywhere: a humpback, a cripple—they all have the trigger that sets love off.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person with a humpback; a person who suffers from kyphosis."
],
"id": "en-humpback-en-noun-sCdwWCFg",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"kyphosis",
"kyphosis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory, now offensive) A person with a humpback; a person who suffers from kyphosis."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "crookback"
},
{
"word": "hunchback"
}
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"offensive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔaḥdab",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "أَحْدَب"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḥadbāʔ",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "حَدْبَاء"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kuzik",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "կուզիկ"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "donqar"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "qozbel"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gǎrbuško",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гърбушко"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "geperut"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "geperuda"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "駝背"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tuóbèi",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "驼背"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "駝子"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tuózi",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "驼子"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "bultenaar"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "kyttyräselkä"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bossu"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bossue"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳuziani",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "კუზიანი"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Buckliger"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Bucklige"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kampoúris",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "καμπούρης"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kampoúra",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "καμπούρα"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "גיבן"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "גיבנה"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "gibozo"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "gibiero"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cruitíneach"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"alt": "くぐせ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kuguse",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "傴僂"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"alt": "せむし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "semushi",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "傴僂"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gopsa",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "곱사"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gopsadeung'i",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "곱사등이"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "kkopchu",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "꼽추"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "gŕbavec",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гр́бавец"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "gŕbavko",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гр́бавко"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kámbur",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ка́мбур"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "piari"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "manau"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "tāupe"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "gužpošt",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "گوژپشت"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "garbaty"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "garbata"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "garbus"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "garbuska"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "corcunda"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gorbún",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "горбу́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gorbúnʹja",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "горбу́нья"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gorbáč",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "горба́ч"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gorbátyj",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "горба́тый"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gorbátaja",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "горба́тая"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jorobado"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "corcovado"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "giboso"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "contrahecho"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "puckelrygg"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "kuba"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 68 0 3",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kubjuḍu",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "కుబ్జుడు"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 6 4 14 24 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A humpback whale."
],
"id": "en-humpback-en-noun-yxiLZYUX",
"links": [
[
"humpback whale",
"humpback whale"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 6 4 14 24 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A humpback salmon."
],
"id": "en-humpback-en-noun-nSmGvYUo",
"links": [
[
"humpback salmon",
"humpback salmon"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhʌmpbæk/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-humpback.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-humpback.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-humpback.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-humpback.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-humpback.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hump-back"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 0 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "donqar"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gǎrbica",
"sense": "humped back",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гърбица"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "駝背"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tuóbèi",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "驼背"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "kyttyrä"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "humped back",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bosse"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 0 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳuzi",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "კუზი"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "humped back",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Buckel"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "púp"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 0 0",
"alt": "くぐせ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kuguse",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "傴僂"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 0 0",
"alt": "せむし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "semushi",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "傴僂"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 0 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gopsa",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "곱사"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 0 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gopsadeung",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "곱사등"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 0 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "gŕpka",
"sense": "humped back",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гр́пка"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "tuarā hake"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "humped back",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "garb"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "humped back",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corcunda"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gorb",
"sense": "humped back",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "горб"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "humped back",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "puckelrygg"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 0 0",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kubjamu",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "కుబ్జము"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Jacques Callot"
],
"word": "humpback"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hump",
"3": "back"
},
"expansion": "hump + back",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "hump + back",
"forms": [
{
"form": "humpbacks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "humpbacking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "humpbacked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "humpbacked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "humpback (third-person singular simple present humpbacks, present participle humpbacking, simple past and past participle humpbacked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 6 4 14 24 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1895, Charles Nordhoff, chapter 10, in Whaling and Fishing, New York: Dodd, Mead, page 191",
"text": "The captain of the James Rodgers […] was an old hand at humpbacking […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1953, Emma Mayhew Whiting, Henry Beetle Hough, chapter 16, in Whaling Wives, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, page 240",
"text": "[…] the Alice Knowles […] did her whaling in the south Atlantic, by turns humpbacking off the African coast and cruising around Tristan in season.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To hunt humpback whales."
],
"id": "en-humpback-en-verb-ynYyV~M9",
"links": [
[
"hunt",
"hunt"
],
[
"humpback whale",
"humpback whale"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to hunt humpback whales",
"word": "pyytää ryhävalaita"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to hunt humpback whales",
"word": "polować na humbaki"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhʌmpbæk/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-humpback.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-humpback.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-humpback.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-humpback.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-humpback.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hump-back"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Jacques Callot"
],
"word": "humpback"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "humpback bridge"
},
{
"word": "humpback salmon"
},
{
"word": "humpback whale"
},
{
"word": "Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hump",
"3": "back"
},
"expansion": "hump + back",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "hump + back",
"forms": [
{
"form": "humpbacks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "humpback (plural humpbacks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "humpbacked"
},
{
"word": "kyphosis"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1902, Somerset Maugham, chapter 16, in Mrs Craddock, London: Heinemann, published 1955, page 157",
"text": "[…] the cows stood about with gloomy eyes and hump-backs, surly and dangerous […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1969, Anne Morrow Lindbergh, “Immersion in Life”, in Earth Shine, New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, page 52",
"text": "On the bare hills one begins to see unfamiliar silhouettes of animals against the sky. […] the peaked humpbacks of gnu on a ridge […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A humped back (deformity in humans caused by abnormal curvature of the upper spine).",
"A hump or protuberance on the shoulders or back of an animal."
],
"links": [
[
"hump",
"hump"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"curvature",
"curvature#English"
],
[
"spine",
"spine#English"
],
[
"protuberance",
"protuberance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A humped back (deformity in humans caused by abnormal curvature of the upper spine).",
"(by extension) A hump or protuberance on the shoulders or back of an animal."
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1858, Royal B. Stratton, Captivity of the Oatman Girls, San Francisco: [for the author], Chapter 4, p. 134,\nOn either side were the high, irregularly sloped mountains, with their foot hills robed in the same bright green as the valley, and with their bald hump-backs and sharp peaks, treeless, verdureless, and desolate […]"
},
{
"ref": "1968, Barry England, Figures in a Landscape, New York: Random House, Part 1, p. 78",
"text": "The Goons kept appearing and disappearing in different places, always closer to them, as they worked their way over the humpback of the terrain.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2002, Michael Collins, chapter 38, in The Resurrectionists, Penguin, published 2006, page 286",
"text": "I could see clear out to the humpbacks of small islands along the great lake, where small banks of fog hung.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A humped back (deformity in humans caused by abnormal curvature of the upper spine).",
"A rounded topographical feature, such as a mountain or hill."
],
"links": [
[
"hump",
"hump"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"curvature",
"curvature#English"
],
[
"spine",
"spine#English"
],
[
"topographical",
"topographical"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A humped back (deformity in humans caused by abnormal curvature of the upper spine).",
"(figurative) A rounded topographical feature, such as a mountain or hill."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1691, John Dunton, chapter 6, in A Voyage Round the World, London: Richard Newcome, page 122",
"text": "[…] the Stone in my Fathers Body was so immense, that I’ve wonder’d it did not bunch up behind, and make him have a Hump-back, or at least overpoise him in walking, and drag him backward with its incredible weight.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1709 October 1, Richard Steele, “The Lucubrations of Isaac Bickerstaff Esq.”, in The Tatler, volume 2, number 75, London, published 1712, page 166",
"text": "In the Male Line, there happened an unlucky Accident in the Reign of Richard the Third; the eldest Son of Philip, then Chief of the Family, being born with an Hump-back and very high Nose.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1948, Philip Gibbs, chapter 5, in Behind the Curtain, Toronto: The Ryerson Press",
"text": "He saw Dmitri half rise from his chair so that the shadow of his humpback shifted on the whitewashed wall.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A humped back (deformity in humans caused by abnormal curvature of the upper spine)."
],
"links": [
[
"hump",
"hump"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"curvature",
"curvature#English"
],
[
"spine",
"spine#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English derogatory terms",
"English offensive terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1860, George Eliot, The Mill on the Floss, Book 2, Chapter 6",
"text": "[…] Tom’s more specific and kindly impressions gradually melted into the old background of suspicion and dislike toward him as a queer fellow, a humpback, and the son of a rogue.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1951, Graham Greene, The End of the Affair, Penguin, published 1975, Book 2, Chapter 7, p. 81",
"text": "[…] I stared up at the raw spots on his cheek and thought, there is no safety anywhere: a humpback, a cripple—they all have the trigger that sets love off.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person with a humpback; a person who suffers from kyphosis."
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"kyphosis",
"kyphosis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory, now offensive) A person with a humpback; a person who suffers from kyphosis."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "crookback"
},
{
"word": "hunchback"
}
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"offensive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A humpback whale."
],
"links": [
[
"humpback whale",
"humpback whale"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A humpback salmon."
],
"links": [
[
"humpback salmon",
"humpback salmon"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhʌmpbæk/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-humpback.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-humpback.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-humpback.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-humpback.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-humpback.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hump-back"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "donqar"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gǎrbica",
"sense": "humped back",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гърбица"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "駝背"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tuóbèi",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "驼背"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "kyttyrä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "humped back",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bosse"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳuzi",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "კუზი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "humped back",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Buckel"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "púp"
},
{
"alt": "くぐせ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kuguse",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "傴僂"
},
{
"alt": "せむし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "semushi",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "傴僂"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gopsa",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "곱사"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gopsadeung",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "곱사등"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "gŕpka",
"sense": "humped back",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гр́пка"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "tuarā hake"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "humped back",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "garb"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "humped back",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corcunda"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gorb",
"sense": "humped back",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "горб"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "humped back",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "puckelrygg"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kubjamu",
"sense": "humped back",
"word": "కుబ్జము"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔaḥdab",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "أَحْدَب"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḥadbāʔ",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "حَدْبَاء"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kuzik",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "կուզիկ"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "donqar"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "qozbel"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gǎrbuško",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гърбушко"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "geperut"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "geperuda"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "駝背"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tuóbèi",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "驼背"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "駝子"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tuózi",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "驼子"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "bultenaar"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "kyttyräselkä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bossu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bossue"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳuziani",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "კუზიანი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Buckliger"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Bucklige"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kampoúris",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "καμπούρης"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kampoúra",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "καμπούρα"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "גיבן"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "גיבנה"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "gibozo"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "gibiero"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cruitíneach"
},
{
"alt": "くぐせ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kuguse",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "傴僂"
},
{
"alt": "せむし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "semushi",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "傴僂"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gopsa",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "곱사"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gopsadeung'i",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "곱사등이"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "kkopchu",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "꼽추"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "gŕbavec",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гр́бавец"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "gŕbavko",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гр́бавко"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kámbur",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ка́мбур"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "piari"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "manau"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "tāupe"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "gužpošt",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "گوژپشت"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "garbaty"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "garbata"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "garbus"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "garbuska"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "corcunda"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gorbún",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "горбу́н"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gorbúnʹja",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "горбу́нья"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gorbáč",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "горба́ч"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gorbátyj",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "горба́тый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gorbátaja",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "горба́тая"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jorobado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "corcovado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "giboso"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "contrahecho"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "puckelrygg"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "kuba"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "kuba"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kubjuḍu",
"sense": "humpbacked person",
"word": "కుబ్జుడు"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Jacques Callot"
],
"word": "humpback"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hump",
"3": "back"
},
"expansion": "hump + back",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "hump + back",
"forms": [
{
"form": "humpbacks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "humpbacking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "humpbacked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "humpbacked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "humpback (third-person singular simple present humpbacks, present participle humpbacking, simple past and past participle humpbacked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1895, Charles Nordhoff, chapter 10, in Whaling and Fishing, New York: Dodd, Mead, page 191",
"text": "The captain of the James Rodgers […] was an old hand at humpbacking […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1953, Emma Mayhew Whiting, Henry Beetle Hough, chapter 16, in Whaling Wives, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, page 240",
"text": "[…] the Alice Knowles […] did her whaling in the south Atlantic, by turns humpbacking off the African coast and cruising around Tristan in season.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To hunt humpback whales."
],
"links": [
[
"hunt",
"hunt"
],
[
"humpback whale",
"humpback whale"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhʌmpbæk/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-humpback.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-humpback.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-humpback.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-humpback.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-humpback.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hump-back"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to hunt humpback whales",
"word": "pyytää ryhävalaita"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to hunt humpback whales",
"word": "polować na humbaki"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Jacques Callot"
],
"word": "humpback"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.