See hawthorn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"etymology_text": "From Middle English hawthorn, from Old English hagaþorn, hæguþorn, from Proto-West Germanic *haguþorn; equivalent to haw (“hedge, enclosure”) + thorn.",
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"derived": [
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus vulsa",
"word": "Alabama hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus douglasii",
"word": "black hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus pinnatifida",
"word": "Chinese hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus crus-galli",
"word": "cockspur hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus monogyna",
"word": "common hawthorn"
},
{
"alt": "C. mollis",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"taxonomic": "Crataegus coccinea",
"word": "downy hawthorn"
},
{
"alt": "C. monogyna",
"taxonomic": "Crataegus oxycantha",
"word": "English hawthorn"
},
{
"word": "glossy hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus viridis",
"word": "green hawthorn"
},
{
"word": "hawthorn berry"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Bibio marci",
"word": "hawthorn fly"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acer crataegufolium",
"word": "hawthorn maple"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Gymnosporangium globosum",
"word": "hawthorn rust"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acanthosoma haemorrhoidale",
"word": "hawthorn shield bug"
},
{
"word": "hawthorn tree"
},
{
"word": "hawthorny"
},
{
"alt": "Raphiolepis indica",
"word": "Hong Kong hawthorn"
},
{
"word": "India hawthorn"
},
{
"alt": "Raphiolepis indica",
"word": "Indian hawthorn"
},
{
"alt": "Raphiolepis umbellata",
"taxonomic": "Crataegus cuneata",
"word": "Japanese hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus aestivalis",
"word": "May hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus mexicana",
"word": "Mexican hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus laevigata",
"word": "Midland hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus ancisa",
"word": "Mississippi hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus pinnatifida",
"word": "mountain hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus monogyna",
"word": "one-seed hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus orientalis",
"word": "oriental hawthorn"
},
{
"word": "parsley hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus marshallii",
"word": "parsley-leaved hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus tomentosa etc.",
"word": "pear hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus persimilis",
"word": "plumleaf hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus mollis",
"word": "red hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus monogyna",
"word": "single-seed hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus phaenopyrum",
"word": "Washington hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Aponogeton distachyos",
"word": "water hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus laevigata",
"word": "woodland hawthorn"
},
{
"alt": "Raphiolepis umbellata",
"word": "yeddo hawthorn"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1976 September, Saul Bellow, Humboldt’s Gift, New York, N.Y.: Avon Books, →ISBN, page 59:",
"text": "Proust, an author to whom Humboldt had introduced me and in whose work he gave me heavy instruction, said he was often attracted to people whose faces had something in them of a hawthorn hedge in bloom.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various shrubs and small trees of the genus Crataegus having small, apple-like fruits and thorny branches"
],
"id": "en-hawthorn-en-noun-uc2U4Xh1",
"links": [
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[
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[
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[
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],
"related": [
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"word": "haw"
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{
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},
{
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "a Crataegus",
"word": "albaspine"
},
{
"sense": "a Crataegus",
"word": "may"
},
{
"sense": "a Crataegus",
"word": "maythorn"
},
{
"sense": "a Crataegus",
"word": "may tree"
},
{
"sense": "a Crataegus",
"word": "quickthorn"
},
{
"sense": "a Crataegus",
"word": "whitethorn"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "murriz"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zuʕrūr",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "زُعْرُور"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zaʕrūr",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "زَعْرُور"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "szni",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "սզնի"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "aločeni",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "ալոճենի"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "sinj",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "սինձ"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "yemişan"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "alıç"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "enəlek",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "энәлек"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "yeźəy",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "еҙәй"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "qamıraş",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "ҡамыраш"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "dunala",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "дунала"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "elorriondo"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "elorri"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spern-gwenn"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "glog",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "глог"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "albespí"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arç blanc"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shānzhā",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "山楂"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hogan"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spernen wynn"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hloh"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "tjørn"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "meidoorn"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "haagdoorn"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "kratago"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "orapihlaja"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "aubépine"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estripeiro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espiño albar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espiño cambrón"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estripo"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳuneli",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "კუნელი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Weißdorn"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hagedorn"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "krátaigos",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κράταιγος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "galagonya"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sceach gheal"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "biancospino"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sanzashi",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "山査子"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sanzashi",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "サンザシ"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "dolana",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "долана"
},
{
"code": "kjh",
"lang": "Khakas",
"roman": "too",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "тоо"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sansanamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "산사나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "agawinamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "아가위나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "dongbaenamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "동배나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ttunggwangnamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "뚱광나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ageubaenamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "아그배나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "igwangnamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "이광나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "aegwangnamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "애광나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yagwangnamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "야광나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jilgunamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "질구나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jilbaenamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "질배나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jjilgwangnamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "찔광나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jjilgubaenamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "찔구배나무"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "goyij",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "گۆیِژ"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "guhîj"
},
{
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Wittdoorn"
},
{
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German"
],
"word": "Mehldorn"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "glog",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "глог"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żagħrun"
},
{
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "umpu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "ᡠᠮᡦᡠ"
},
{
"code": "mzn",
"lang": "Mazanderani",
"roman": "valik",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "ولیک"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "hawthorn"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "hawe tre"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "blianche êpîngne"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "ak diken",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "آق دیكن"
},
{
"code": "rsk",
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"roman": "galagonja",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ґалаґоня"
},
{
"code": "rsk",
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"roman": "hloh",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "глог"
},
{
"code": "rsk",
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"roman": "hložina",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гложина"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "nelk",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "نلک"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "głóg"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espinheiro branco"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "păducel"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "albaspină"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chagliastretg"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bojáryšnik",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "боя́рышник"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sgìtheach"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "glog"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "hloh"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "glog"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "głog"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espino albar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espino blanco"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "majuelo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "hagtorn"
},
{
"code": "rif",
"lang": "Tarifit",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "admam"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "dülänä",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "дүләнә"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "qamır ağaçı",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "камыр агачы"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "ซานจา"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "alıç"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "ýemşen"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hlid",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "глід"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "dolana",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "دولانا"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "doʻlana"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "sơn tra"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "krateg"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "redakrateg"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "draenen wen"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "doloquna",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "долохуна"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "doloqono",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "долохоно"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"hawthorn"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɔː.θɔːn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɔ.θɔɹn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-hawthorn.wav",
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}
],
"word": "hawthorn"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus vulsa",
"word": "Alabama hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus douglasii",
"word": "black hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus pinnatifida",
"word": "Chinese hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus crus-galli",
"word": "cockspur hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus monogyna",
"word": "common hawthorn"
},
{
"alt": "C. mollis",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"taxonomic": "Crataegus coccinea",
"word": "downy hawthorn"
},
{
"alt": "C. monogyna",
"taxonomic": "Crataegus oxycantha",
"word": "English hawthorn"
},
{
"word": "glossy hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus viridis",
"word": "green hawthorn"
},
{
"word": "hawthorn berry"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Bibio marci",
"word": "hawthorn fly"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acer crataegufolium",
"word": "hawthorn maple"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Gymnosporangium globosum",
"word": "hawthorn rust"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Acanthosoma haemorrhoidale",
"word": "hawthorn shield bug"
},
{
"word": "hawthorn tree"
},
{
"word": "hawthorny"
},
{
"alt": "Raphiolepis indica",
"word": "Hong Kong hawthorn"
},
{
"word": "India hawthorn"
},
{
"alt": "Raphiolepis indica",
"word": "Indian hawthorn"
},
{
"alt": "Raphiolepis umbellata",
"taxonomic": "Crataegus cuneata",
"word": "Japanese hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus aestivalis",
"word": "May hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus mexicana",
"word": "Mexican hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus laevigata",
"word": "Midland hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus ancisa",
"word": "Mississippi hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus pinnatifida",
"word": "mountain hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus monogyna",
"word": "one-seed hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus orientalis",
"word": "oriental hawthorn"
},
{
"word": "parsley hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus marshallii",
"word": "parsley-leaved hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus tomentosa etc.",
"word": "pear hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus persimilis",
"word": "plumleaf hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus mollis",
"word": "red hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus monogyna",
"word": "single-seed hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus phaenopyrum",
"word": "Washington hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Aponogeton distachyos",
"word": "water hawthorn"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crataegus laevigata",
"word": "woodland hawthorn"
},
{
"alt": "Raphiolepis umbellata",
"word": "yeddo hawthorn"
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
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},
"expansion": "Middle English hawthorn",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hagaþorn"
},
"expansion": "Old English hagaþorn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*haguþorn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *haguþorn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "haw",
"3": "thorn",
"t1": "hedge, enclosure"
},
"expansion": "haw (“hedge, enclosure”) + thorn",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English hawthorn, from Old English hagaþorn, hæguþorn, from Proto-West Germanic *haguþorn; equivalent to haw (“hedge, enclosure”) + thorn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hawthorns",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
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"args": {},
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"name": "en-noun"
}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "haw"
},
{
"word": "mayblossom"
},
{
"word": "mayflower"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Manchu terms with redundant transliterations",
"Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German Low German translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Khakas translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Manchu translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Mazanderani translations",
"Terms with Middle English translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Pannonian Rusyn translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Romansch translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tarifit translations",
"Terms with Tatar translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Turkmen translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with Yakut translations",
"en:Fruits",
"en:Pome fruits"
],
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{
"ref": "1976 September, Saul Bellow, Humboldt’s Gift, New York, N.Y.: Avon Books, →ISBN, page 59:",
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"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various shrubs and small trees of the genus Crataegus having small, apple-like fruits and thorny branches"
],
"links": [
[
"shrub",
"shrub"
],
[
"tree",
"tree"
],
[
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"Crataegus#Translingual"
],
[
"thorny",
"thorny"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"hawthorn"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/ˈhɔː.θɔːn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɔ.θɔɹn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
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}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "a Crataegus",
"word": "albaspine"
},
{
"sense": "a Crataegus",
"word": "may"
},
{
"sense": "a Crataegus",
"word": "maythorn"
},
{
"sense": "a Crataegus",
"word": "may tree"
},
{
"sense": "a Crataegus",
"word": "quickthorn"
},
{
"sense": "a Crataegus",
"word": "whitethorn"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "murriz"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zuʕrūr",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "زُعْرُور"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zaʕrūr",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "زَعْرُور"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "szni",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "սզնի"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "aločeni",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "ալոճենի"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "sinj",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "սինձ"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "yemişan"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "alıç"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "enəlek",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "энәлек"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "yeźəy",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "еҙәй"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "qamıraş",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "ҡамыраш"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "dunala",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "дунала"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "elorriondo"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "elorri"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spern-gwenn"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "glog",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "глог"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "albespí"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arç blanc"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shānzhā",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "山楂"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hogan"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spernen wynn"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hloh"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "tjørn"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "meidoorn"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "haagdoorn"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "kratago"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "orapihlaja"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "aubépine"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estripeiro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espiño albar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espiño cambrón"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estripo"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳuneli",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "კუნელი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Weißdorn"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hagedorn"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "krátaigos",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κράταιγος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "galagonya"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sceach gheal"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "biancospino"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sanzashi",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "山査子"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sanzashi",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "サンザシ"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "dolana",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "долана"
},
{
"code": "kjh",
"lang": "Khakas",
"roman": "too",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "тоо"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sansanamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "산사나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "agawinamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "아가위나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "dongbaenamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "동배나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ttunggwangnamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "뚱광나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ageubaenamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "아그배나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "igwangnamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "이광나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "aegwangnamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "애광나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yagwangnamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "야광나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jilgunamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "질구나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jilbaenamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "질배나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jjilgwangnamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "찔광나무"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jjilgubaenamu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "찔구배나무"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "goyij",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "گۆیِژ"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "guhîj"
},
{
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Wittdoorn"
},
{
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German"
],
"word": "Mehldorn"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "glog",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "глог"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żagħrun"
},
{
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "umpu",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "ᡠᠮᡦᡠ"
},
{
"code": "mzn",
"lang": "Mazanderani",
"roman": "valik",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "ولیک"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "hawthorn"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "hawe tre"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "blianche êpîngne"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "ak diken",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "آق دیكن"
},
{
"code": "rsk",
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"roman": "galagonja",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ґалаґоня"
},
{
"code": "rsk",
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"roman": "hloh",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "глог"
},
{
"code": "rsk",
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"roman": "hložina",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гложина"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "nelk",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "نلک"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "głóg"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espinheiro branco"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "păducel"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "albaspină"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chagliastretg"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bojáryšnik",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "боя́рышник"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sgìtheach"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "glog"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "hloh"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "glog"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "głog"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espino albar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espino blanco"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "majuelo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "hagtorn"
},
{
"code": "rif",
"lang": "Tarifit",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "admam"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "dülänä",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "дүләнә"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "qamır ağaçı",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "камыр агачы"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "ซานจา"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "alıç"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "ýemşen"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hlid",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "глід"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "dolana",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "دولانا"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "doʻlana"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "sơn tra"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "krateg"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "redakrateg"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "draenen wen"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "doloquna",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "долохуна"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "doloqono",
"sense": "shrub or tree of the genus Crataegus",
"word": "долохоно"
}
],
"word": "hawthorn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hawthorn meaning in English (20.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.