See gully in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for gully meaning in English (24.0kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gullick"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gully bean"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gully eductor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gully emptier"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gully gut"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gully-hole"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gully hole"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gully-raker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gully sucker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gully wash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gullywasher"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Tea Tree Gully"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "gollé",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: gollé",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: gollé"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Gully",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Gully",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Gully"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "trench"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "uncertain"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "golet",
"t": "esophagus, gullet"
},
"expansion": "Middle English golet (“esophagus, gullet”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "goulet"
},
"expansion": "Old French goulet",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "gula",
"t": "throat"
},
"expansion": "Latin gula (“throat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gylle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gylle",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gille"
},
"expansion": "gille",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "galle",
"t": "deep narrow valley, ravine"
},
"expansion": "galle (“deep narrow valley, ravine”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gill"
},
"expansion": "gill",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gull",
"t": "fissue, chasm"
},
"expansion": "gull (“fissue, chasm”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "-y",
"id2": "diminutive",
"pos2": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "+ -y (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gull"
},
"expansion": "gull",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gullick"
},
"expansion": "gullick",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin uncertain. Possibly from a variant of Middle English golet (“esophagus, gullet”), from Old French goulet, from Latin gula (“throat”). Shift in meaning in Middle English to \"water channel, ravine\" may have been influenced by Middle English gylle, gille, galle (“deep narrow valley, ravine”); see gill.\nAlternatively, from a diminutive of dialectal gull (“fissue, chasm”) + -y (diminutive suffix). See gull, gullick.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gullies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gully (plural gullies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gullet"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 1 16 27 27 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 3 18 19 13 12 13 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -y (diminutive)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 5 14 13 9 9 5 10 8 6",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "en:Landforms",
"parents": [
"Earth",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside."
],
"id": "en-gully-en-noun-en:trench",
"links": [
[
"trench",
"trench"
],
[
"ravine",
"ravine"
],
[
"channel",
"channel"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:trench"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gill"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dere",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "дере"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ovrag",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "овраг"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "geul"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "corgo"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "caivanca"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carronzo"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carriozo"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "xevi",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "ხევი"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Erosionsrinne"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Wasserfurche"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Wasserrinne"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Graben"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kharádra",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "χαράδρα"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "vízmosás"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "árok"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "skorningur"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calanco"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "barrónke"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "baranku"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "kōawaawa"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"english": "if it contains no water",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "kowaka"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "parari"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ravine"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ravine"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "boğaz",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "بوغاز"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "dere",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "دره"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schälran"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "corgo"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ložbína",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ложби́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "promóina",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "промо́ина"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bujerák",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "буера́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rýtvina",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ры́твина"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "výmoina",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "вы́моина"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kuluar",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кулуар"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barranco"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "jar",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "яр"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 1 2 2 2 1",
"code": "yxg",
"lang": "Yagara",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "pilla"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A small valley."
],
"id": "en-gully-en-noun-G0X39C1U",
"links": [
[
"valley",
"valley"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A small valley",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "úžlabina"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A small valley",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rokle"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A small valley",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "žleb"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A small valley",
"word": "úzké údolí"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0 0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "A small valley",
"word": "árok"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "A small valley",
"word": "kopia"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 1 16 27 27 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 3 18 19 13 12 13 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -y (diminutive)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A drop kerb."
],
"id": "en-gully-en-noun-mYN-uvsh",
"links": [
[
"drop kerb",
"drop kerb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK) A drop kerb."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 1 16 27 27 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 0 9 25 7 6 9 28 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 3 18 19 13 12 13 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -y (diminutive)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2021 June 16, “Network News: Drainage work at Guiseley station”, in RAIL, number 933, page 19",
"text": "A new drainage run and rainwater gullies are to be installed between the station and Oxford Road, with completion planned for December 1.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A road drain."
],
"id": "en-gully-en-noun-i6QalQsY",
"links": [
[
"road",
"road"
],
[
"drain",
"drain"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 0 5 89 2 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kanavka",
"sense": "A road drain",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "канавка"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 5 89 2 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A road drain",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "strouha"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 5 89 2 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "A road drain",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gully"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Cricket",
"orig": "en:Cricket",
"parents": [
"Ball games",
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 1 16 27 27 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 3 18 19 13 12 13 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -y (diminutive)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fielding position on the off side about 30 degrees behind square, between the slips and point; a fielder in such a position"
],
"id": "en-gully-en-noun-z7UqGBOQ",
"links": [
[
"cricket",
"cricket"
],
[
"fielding",
"fielding"
],
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"off",
"off"
],
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"degree",
"degree"
],
[
"square",
"square"
],
[
"slip",
"slip"
],
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"fielder",
"fielder"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cricket) A fielding position on the off side about 30 degrees behind square, between the slips and point; a fielder in such a position"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "box"
}
],
"topics": [
"ball-games",
"cricket",
"games",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 1 16 27 27 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 3 18 19 13 12 13 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -y (diminutive)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A grooved iron rail or tram plate."
],
"id": "en-gully-en-noun-UB5NlBm5",
"links": [
[
"grooved",
"grooved"
],
[
"iron",
"iron"
],
[
"rail",
"rail"
],
[
"tram",
"tram"
],
[
"plate",
"plate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK) A grooved iron rail or tram plate."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌli/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌli"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg/En-us-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg/En-au-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "gŭl'ē"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gulley"
}
],
"word": "gully"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "trench"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "uncertain"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "golet",
"t": "esophagus, gullet"
},
"expansion": "Middle English golet (“esophagus, gullet”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "goulet"
},
"expansion": "Old French goulet",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "gula",
"t": "throat"
},
"expansion": "Latin gula (“throat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gylle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gylle",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gille"
},
"expansion": "gille",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "galle",
"t": "deep narrow valley, ravine"
},
"expansion": "galle (“deep narrow valley, ravine”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gill"
},
"expansion": "gill",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gull",
"t": "fissue, chasm"
},
"expansion": "gull (“fissue, chasm”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "-y",
"id2": "diminutive",
"pos2": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "+ -y (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gull"
},
"expansion": "gull",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gullick"
},
"expansion": "gullick",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin uncertain. Possibly from a variant of Middle English golet (“esophagus, gullet”), from Old French goulet, from Latin gula (“throat”). Shift in meaning in Middle English to \"water channel, ravine\" may have been influenced by Middle English gylle, gille, galle (“deep narrow valley, ravine”); see gill.\nAlternatively, from a diminutive of dialectal gull (“fissue, chasm”) + -y (diminutive suffix). See gull, gullick.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gullies",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gullying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gullied",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gullied",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gully (third-person singular simple present gullies, present participle gullying, simple past and past participle gullied)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 3 18 19 13 12 13 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -y (diminutive)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To flow noisily."
],
"id": "en-gully-en-verb-no-CjVBI",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To flow noisily."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To wear away into a gully or gullies."
],
"id": "en-gully-en-verb-McvkhnT5",
"links": [
[
"wear away",
"wear away"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To wear away into a gully or gullies."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌli/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌli"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg/En-us-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg/En-au-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "gŭl'ē"
}
],
"word": "gully"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "gully"
},
"expansion": "Scots gully",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Scots gully, of unknown origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gullies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gully (plural gullies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A large knife."
],
"id": "en-gully-en-noun-ubzdzISh",
"links": [
[
"knife",
"knife"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland, northern UK) A large knife."
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Scotland",
"UK"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌli/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌli"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg/En-us-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg/En-au-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "gŭl'ē"
}
],
"word": "gully"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "inc-hnd",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Hindustani",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "inc-hnd"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Hindustani",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "گَلی"
},
"expansion": "گَلی (galī)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "गली"
},
"expansion": "गली (galī)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Hindustani گَلی (galī) / गली (galī); spelling probably influenced by other uses of this word.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gullies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gully (plural gullies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "South Asian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 0 9 25 7 6 9 28 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2023, Radhika Iyengar, Fire on the Ganges, Fourth Estate, page 3",
"text": "Older boys play gali cricket, while young girls watch them shyly from a distance.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An alleyway or side street."
],
"id": "en-gully-en-noun-9mixK0B6",
"links": [
[
"alleyway",
"alleyway"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly South Asia) An alleyway or side street."
],
"related": [
{
"english": "probably etymologically unrelated",
"word": "hully gully"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gali"
}
],
"tags": [
"South-Asia"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌli/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌli"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg/En-us-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg/En-au-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "gŭl'ē"
}
],
"word": "gully"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Hindustani languages",
"English terms derived from Hindustani languages",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -y (diminutive)",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ʌli",
"Rhymes:English/ʌli/2 syllables",
"en:Landforms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gullick"
},
{
"word": "gully bean"
},
{
"word": "gully eductor"
},
{
"word": "gully emptier"
},
{
"word": "gully gut"
},
{
"word": "gully-hole"
},
{
"word": "gully hole"
},
{
"word": "gully-raker"
},
{
"word": "gully sucker"
},
{
"word": "gully wash"
},
{
"word": "gullywasher"
},
{
"word": "Tea Tree Gully"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "gollé",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: gollé",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: gollé"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Gully",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Gully",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Gully"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "trench"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "uncertain"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "golet",
"t": "esophagus, gullet"
},
"expansion": "Middle English golet (“esophagus, gullet”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "goulet"
},
"expansion": "Old French goulet",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "gula",
"t": "throat"
},
"expansion": "Latin gula (“throat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gylle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gylle",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gille"
},
"expansion": "gille",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "galle",
"t": "deep narrow valley, ravine"
},
"expansion": "galle (“deep narrow valley, ravine”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gill"
},
"expansion": "gill",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gull",
"t": "fissue, chasm"
},
"expansion": "gull (“fissue, chasm”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "-y",
"id2": "diminutive",
"pos2": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "+ -y (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gull"
},
"expansion": "gull",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gullick"
},
"expansion": "gullick",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin uncertain. Possibly from a variant of Middle English golet (“esophagus, gullet”), from Old French goulet, from Latin gula (“throat”). Shift in meaning in Middle English to \"water channel, ravine\" may have been influenced by Middle English gylle, gille, galle (“deep narrow valley, ravine”); see gill.\nAlternatively, from a diminutive of dialectal gull (“fissue, chasm”) + -y (diminutive suffix). See gull, gullick.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gullies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gully (plural gullies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "gullet"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside."
],
"links": [
[
"trench",
"trench"
],
[
"ravine",
"ravine"
],
[
"channel",
"channel"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:trench"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gill"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A small valley."
],
"links": [
[
"valley",
"valley"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English"
],
"glosses": [
"A drop kerb."
],
"links": [
[
"drop kerb",
"drop kerb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK) A drop kerb."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2021 June 16, “Network News: Drainage work at Guiseley station”, in RAIL, number 933, page 19",
"text": "A new drainage run and rainwater gullies are to be installed between the station and Oxford Road, with completion planned for December 1.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A road drain."
],
"links": [
[
"road",
"road"
],
[
"drain",
"drain"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Cricket"
],
"glosses": [
"A fielding position on the off side about 30 degrees behind square, between the slips and point; a fielder in such a position"
],
"links": [
[
"cricket",
"cricket"
],
[
"fielding",
"fielding"
],
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"off",
"off"
],
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"degree",
"degree"
],
[
"square",
"square"
],
[
"slip",
"slip"
],
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"fielder",
"fielder"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cricket) A fielding position on the off side about 30 degrees behind square, between the slips and point; a fielder in such a position"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "box"
}
],
"topics": [
"ball-games",
"cricket",
"games",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English"
],
"glosses": [
"A grooved iron rail or tram plate."
],
"links": [
[
"grooved",
"grooved"
],
[
"iron",
"iron"
],
[
"rail",
"rail"
],
[
"tram",
"tram"
],
[
"plate",
"plate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK) A grooved iron rail or tram plate."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌli/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌli"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg/En-us-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg/En-au-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "gŭl'ē"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gulley"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dere",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "дере"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ovrag",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "овраг"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "geul"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "corgo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "caivanca"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carronzo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carriozo"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "xevi",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "ხევი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Erosionsrinne"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Wasserfurche"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Wasserrinne"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Graben"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kharádra",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "χαράδρα"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "vízmosás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "árok"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "skorningur"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calanco"
},
{
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "barrónke"
},
{
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "baranku"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "kōawaawa"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "if it contains no water",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "kowaka"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "parari"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ravine"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ravine"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "boğaz",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "بوغاز"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "dere",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "دره"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schälran"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "corgo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ložbína",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ложби́на"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "promóina",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "промо́ина"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bujerák",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "буера́к"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rýtvina",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ры́твина"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "výmoina",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "вы́моина"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kuluar",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кулуар"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barranco"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "jar",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "яр"
},
{
"code": "yxg",
"lang": "Yagara",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "pilla"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A small valley",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "úžlabina"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A small valley",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rokle"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A small valley",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "žleb"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A small valley",
"word": "úzké údolí"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "A small valley",
"word": "árok"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "A small valley",
"word": "kopia"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kanavka",
"sense": "A road drain",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "канавка"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A road drain",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "strouha"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "A road drain",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gully"
}
],
"word": "gully"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Hindustani languages",
"English terms derived from Hindustani languages",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -y (diminutive)",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ʌli",
"Rhymes:English/ʌli/2 syllables",
"en:Landforms"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "trench"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "uncertain"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "golet",
"t": "esophagus, gullet"
},
"expansion": "Middle English golet (“esophagus, gullet”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "goulet"
},
"expansion": "Old French goulet",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "gula",
"t": "throat"
},
"expansion": "Latin gula (“throat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gylle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gylle",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gille"
},
"expansion": "gille",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "galle",
"t": "deep narrow valley, ravine"
},
"expansion": "galle (“deep narrow valley, ravine”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gill"
},
"expansion": "gill",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gull",
"t": "fissue, chasm"
},
"expansion": "gull (“fissue, chasm”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "-y",
"id2": "diminutive",
"pos2": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "+ -y (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gull"
},
"expansion": "gull",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gullick"
},
"expansion": "gullick",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin uncertain. Possibly from a variant of Middle English golet (“esophagus, gullet”), from Old French goulet, from Latin gula (“throat”). Shift in meaning in Middle English to \"water channel, ravine\" may have been influenced by Middle English gylle, gille, galle (“deep narrow valley, ravine”); see gill.\nAlternatively, from a diminutive of dialectal gull (“fissue, chasm”) + -y (diminutive suffix). See gull, gullick.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gullies",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gullying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gullied",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gullied",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gully (third-person singular simple present gullies, present participle gullying, simple past and past participle gullied)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To flow noisily."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To flow noisily."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To wear away into a gully or gullies."
],
"links": [
[
"wear away",
"wear away"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To wear away into a gully or gullies."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌli/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌli"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg/En-us-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg/En-au-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "gŭl'ē"
}
],
"word": "gully"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Hindustani languages",
"English terms derived from Hindustani languages",
"English terms derived from Scots",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ʌli",
"Rhymes:English/ʌli/2 syllables",
"en:Landforms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "gully"
},
"expansion": "Scots gully",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Scots gully, of unknown origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gullies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gully (plural gullies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Scottish English"
],
"glosses": [
"A large knife."
],
"links": [
[
"knife",
"knife"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland, northern UK) A large knife."
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Scotland",
"UK"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌli/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌli"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg/En-us-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg/En-au-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "gŭl'ē"
}
],
"word": "gully"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Hindustani languages",
"English terms derived from Hindustani languages",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ʌli",
"Rhymes:English/ʌli/2 syllables",
"en:Landforms"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "inc-hnd",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Hindustani",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "inc-hnd"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Hindustani",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "گَلی"
},
"expansion": "گَلی (galī)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "गली"
},
"expansion": "गली (galī)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Hindustani گَلی (galī) / गली (galī); spelling probably influenced by other uses of this word.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gullies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gully (plural gullies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "probably etymologically unrelated",
"word": "hully gully"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"South Asian English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2023, Radhika Iyengar, Fire on the Ganges, Fourth Estate, page 3",
"text": "Older boys play gali cricket, while young girls watch them shyly from a distance.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An alleyway or side street."
],
"links": [
[
"alleyway",
"alleyway"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly South Asia) An alleyway or side street."
],
"tags": [
"South-Asia"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌli/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌli"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg/En-us-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg/En-au-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "gŭl'ē"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gali"
}
],
"word": "gully"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (ee658f9 and be4df6b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.