See gully in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gullick"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gully bean"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gully eductor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gully emptier"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gully gut"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gully hole"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gully-hole"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gully-raker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gully sucker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gully wash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gullywasher"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "slum gully"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Tea Tree Gully"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "gollé",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: gollé",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: gollé"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Gully",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Gully",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Gully"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "trench"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "uncertain"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "golet",
"t": "esophagus, gullet"
},
"expansion": "Middle English golet (“esophagus, gullet”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "goulet"
},
"expansion": "Old French goulet",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "gula",
"t": "throat"
},
"expansion": "Latin gula (“throat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gylle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gylle",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "-y",
"id2": "diminutive",
"pos2": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "+ -y (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin uncertain. Possibly from a variant of Middle English golet (“esophagus, gullet”), from Old French goulet, from Latin gula (“throat”). Shift in meaning in Middle English to \"water channel, ravine\" may have been influenced by Middle English gylle, gille, galle (“deep narrow valley, ravine”); see gill.\nAlternatively, from a diminutive of dialectal gull (“fissue, chasm”) + -y (diminutive suffix). See gull, gullick.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gullies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gully (plural gullies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gullet"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 1 23 15 12 3 13 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 1 25 13 12 5 10 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 1 22 14 12 2 14 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 1 23 15 12 2 15 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 3 21 14 11 2 7 4 7 13",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "en:Landforms",
"parents": [
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"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
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"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside."
],
"id": "en-gully-en-noun-en:trench",
"links": [
[
"trench",
"trench"
],
[
"ravine",
"ravine"
],
[
"channel",
"channel"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:trench"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gill"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dere",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "дере"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ovrag",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "овраг"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "žleb"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "úžlabina"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "strouha"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "geul"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "corgo"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "caivanca"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carronzo"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carriozo"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "xevi",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "ხევი"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Erosionsrinne"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Wasserfurche"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Wasserrinne"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Graben"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kharádra",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "χαράδρα"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "vízmosás"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "árok"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "skorningur"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calanco"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "barrónke"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "baranku"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "kōawaawa"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "mi",
"english": "if it contains no water",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "kowaka"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "parari"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ravine"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ravine"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "boğaz",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "بوغاز"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "dere",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "دره"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schälran"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "corgo"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ložbína",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ложби́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "promóina",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "промо́ина"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bujerák",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "буера́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rýtvina",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ры́твина"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "výmoina",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "вы́моина"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kuluar",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кулуар"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barranco"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "jar",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "яр"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 0 12 8 6 1",
"code": "yxg",
"lang": "Yagara",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "pilla"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A small valley."
],
"id": "en-gully-en-noun-G0X39C1U",
"links": [
[
"valley",
"valley"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A small valley",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "úžlabina"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A small valley",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rokle"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A small valley",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "žleb"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A small valley",
"word": "úzké údolí"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0 0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "A small valley",
"word": "árok"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "A small valley",
"word": "kopia"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"parents": [
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "13 2 29 13 11 10 9 14",
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"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
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},
{
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{
"_dis": "13 1 26 14 13 6 11 17",
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},
{
"_dis": "14 1 23 15 12 3 13 20",
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{
"_dis": "12 1 25 13 12 5 10 21",
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "13 1 26 14 13 6 11 17",
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{
"_dis": "13 1 26 14 12 6 11 18",
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},
{
"_dis": "12 1 22 14 12 2 14 22",
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{
"_dis": "14 1 25 17 13 2 11 18",
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{
"_dis": "13 1 26 14 12 6 11 17",
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{
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{
"_dis": "13 1 23 15 12 2 15 19",
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{
"_dis": "14 0 24 16 12 2 13 18",
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"_dis": "13 1 26 14 12 6 11 18",
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{
"_dis": "12 1 26 15 12 5 11 17",
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{
"_dis": "18 3 21 14 11 2 7 4 7 13",
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],
"glosses": [
"A drop kerb."
],
"id": "en-gully-en-noun-mYN-uvsh",
"links": [
[
"drop kerb",
"drop kerb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK) A drop kerb."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"_dis": "13 1 23 15 12 2 15 19",
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},
{
"_dis": "18 3 21 14 11 2 7 4 7 13",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "en:Landforms",
"parents": [
"Earth",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2021 June 16, “Network News: Drainage work at Guiseley station”, in RAIL, number 933, page 19:",
"text": "A new drainage run and rainwater gullies are to be installed between the station and Oxford Road, with completion planned for December 1.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A road drain."
],
"id": "en-gully-en-noun-i6QalQsY",
"links": [
[
"road",
"road"
],
[
"drain",
"drain"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 0 16 67 8 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kanavka",
"sense": "A road drain",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "канавка"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 0 16 67 8 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A road drain",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "strouha"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 0 16 67 8 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "A road drain",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gully"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Cricket",
"orig": "en:Cricket",
"parents": [
"Ball games",
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 1 23 15 12 3 13 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 1 25 13 12 5 10 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 1 22 14 12 2 14 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 1 23 15 12 2 15 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 3 21 14 11 2 7 4 7 13",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "en:Landforms",
"parents": [
"Earth",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fielding position on the off side about 30 degrees behind square, between the slips and point; a fielder in such a position"
],
"id": "en-gully-en-noun-z7UqGBOQ",
"links": [
[
"cricket",
"cricket"
],
[
"fielding",
"fielding"
],
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"off",
"off"
],
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"degree",
"degree"
],
[
"square",
"square"
],
[
"slip",
"slip"
],
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"fielder",
"fielder"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cricket) A fielding position on the off side about 30 degrees behind square, between the slips and point; a fielder in such a position"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "box"
}
],
"topics": [
"ball-games",
"cricket",
"games",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A grooved iron rail or tram plate."
],
"id": "en-gully-en-noun-UB5NlBm5",
"links": [
[
"grooved",
"grooved"
],
[
"iron",
"iron"
],
[
"rail",
"rail"
],
[
"tram",
"tram"
],
[
"plate",
"plate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK) A grooved iron rail or tram plate."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gŭl'ē"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌli/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg/En-us-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg/En-au-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌli"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gulley"
}
],
"word": "gully"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "trench"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "uncertain"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "golet",
"t": "esophagus, gullet"
},
"expansion": "Middle English golet (“esophagus, gullet”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "goulet"
},
"expansion": "Old French goulet",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "gula",
"t": "throat"
},
"expansion": "Latin gula (“throat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gylle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gylle",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "-y",
"id2": "diminutive",
"pos2": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "+ -y (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin uncertain. Possibly from a variant of Middle English golet (“esophagus, gullet”), from Old French goulet, from Latin gula (“throat”). Shift in meaning in Middle English to \"water channel, ravine\" may have been influenced by Middle English gylle, gille, galle (“deep narrow valley, ravine”); see gill.\nAlternatively, from a diminutive of dialectal gull (“fissue, chasm”) + -y (diminutive suffix). See gull, gullick.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gullies",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gullying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gullied",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gullied",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gully (third-person singular simple present gullies, present participle gullying, simple past and past participle gullied)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 1 23 15 12 3 13 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 1 25 13 12 5 10 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 1 22 14 12 2 14 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 1 23 15 12 2 15 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To flow noisily."
],
"id": "en-gully-en-verb-no-CjVBI",
"links": [
[
"Samuel Johnson",
"w:Samuel Johnson"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To flow noisily."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 1 19 13 12 2 16 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 1 23 15 12 3 13 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 1 25 13 12 5 10 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 1 22 14 12 2 14 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 1 23 15 12 2 15 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 3 21 14 11 2 7 4 7 13",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "en:Landforms",
"parents": [
"Earth",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To wear away into a gully or gullies."
],
"id": "en-gully-en-verb-McvkhnT5",
"links": [
[
"wear away",
"wear away"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To wear away into a gully or gullies."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gŭl'ē"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌli/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg/En-us-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg/En-au-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌli"
}
],
"word": "gully"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "gully"
},
"expansion": "Scots gully",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Scots gully, of unknown origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gullies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gully (plural gullies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1881–1882, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island, London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 14 November 1883, →OCLC, part IV (The Stockade), page 139:",
"text": "With that I made my mind up, took out my gully, opened it with my teeth, and cut one strand after another[…]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A large knife."
],
"id": "en-gully-en-noun-ubzdzISh",
"links": [
[
"knife",
"knife"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland, northern UK) A large knife."
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Scotland",
"UK"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gŭl'ē"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌli/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg/En-us-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg/En-au-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌli"
}
],
"word": "gully"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "inc-hnd"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Hindustani",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Hindustani گَلی (galī) / गली (galī); spelling probably influenced by other uses of this word.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gullies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gully (plural gullies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "South Asian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2023, Radhika Iyengar, Fire on the Ganges, Fourth Estate, page 3:",
"text": "Older boys play gali cricket, while young girls watch them shyly from a distance.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An alleyway or side street."
],
"id": "en-gully-en-noun-9mixK0B6",
"links": [
[
"alleyway",
"alleyway"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly South Asia) An alleyway or side street."
],
"related": [
{
"english": "probably etymologically unrelated",
"word": "hully gully"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gali"
}
],
"tags": [
"South-Asia"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gŭl'ē"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌli/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg/En-us-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg/En-au-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌli"
}
],
"word": "gully"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Hindustani languages",
"English terms derived from Hindustani languages",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -y (diminutive)",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌli",
"Rhymes:English/ʌli/2 syllables",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Kabuverdianu translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Yagara translations",
"en:Landforms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gullick"
},
{
"word": "gully bean"
},
{
"word": "gully eductor"
},
{
"word": "gully emptier"
},
{
"word": "gully gut"
},
{
"word": "gully hole"
},
{
"word": "gully-hole"
},
{
"word": "gully-raker"
},
{
"word": "gully sucker"
},
{
"word": "gully wash"
},
{
"word": "gullywasher"
},
{
"word": "slum gully"
},
{
"word": "Tea Tree Gully"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "gollé",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: gollé",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: gollé"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Gully",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Gully",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Gully"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "trench"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "uncertain"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "golet",
"t": "esophagus, gullet"
},
"expansion": "Middle English golet (“esophagus, gullet”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "goulet"
},
"expansion": "Old French goulet",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "gula",
"t": "throat"
},
"expansion": "Latin gula (“throat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gylle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gylle",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "-y",
"id2": "diminutive",
"pos2": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "+ -y (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin uncertain. Possibly from a variant of Middle English golet (“esophagus, gullet”), from Old French goulet, from Latin gula (“throat”). Shift in meaning in Middle English to \"water channel, ravine\" may have been influenced by Middle English gylle, gille, galle (“deep narrow valley, ravine”); see gill.\nAlternatively, from a diminutive of dialectal gull (“fissue, chasm”) + -y (diminutive suffix). See gull, gullick.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gullies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gully (plural gullies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "gullet"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside."
],
"links": [
[
"trench",
"trench"
],
[
"ravine",
"ravine"
],
[
"channel",
"channel"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:trench"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gill"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A small valley."
],
"links": [
[
"valley",
"valley"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English"
],
"glosses": [
"A drop kerb."
],
"links": [
[
"drop kerb",
"drop kerb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK) A drop kerb."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2021 June 16, “Network News: Drainage work at Guiseley station”, in RAIL, number 933, page 19:",
"text": "A new drainage run and rainwater gullies are to be installed between the station and Oxford Road, with completion planned for December 1.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A road drain."
],
"links": [
[
"road",
"road"
],
[
"drain",
"drain"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Cricket"
],
"glosses": [
"A fielding position on the off side about 30 degrees behind square, between the slips and point; a fielder in such a position"
],
"links": [
[
"cricket",
"cricket"
],
[
"fielding",
"fielding"
],
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"off",
"off"
],
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"degree",
"degree"
],
[
"square",
"square"
],
[
"slip",
"slip"
],
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"fielder",
"fielder"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cricket) A fielding position on the off side about 30 degrees behind square, between the slips and point; a fielder in such a position"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "box"
}
],
"topics": [
"ball-games",
"cricket",
"games",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English"
],
"glosses": [
"A grooved iron rail or tram plate."
],
"links": [
[
"grooved",
"grooved"
],
[
"iron",
"iron"
],
[
"rail",
"rail"
],
[
"tram",
"tram"
],
[
"plate",
"plate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK) A grooved iron rail or tram plate."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gŭl'ē"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌli/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg/En-us-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg/En-au-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌli"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gulley"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dere",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "дере"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ovrag",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "овраг"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "žleb"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "úžlabina"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "strouha"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "geul"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "corgo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "caivanca"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carronzo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carriozo"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "xevi",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "ხევი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Erosionsrinne"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Wasserfurche"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Wasserrinne"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Graben"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kharádra",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "χαράδρα"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "vízmosás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "árok"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "skorningur"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calanco"
},
{
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "barrónke"
},
{
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "baranku"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "kōawaawa"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "if it contains no water",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "kowaka"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "parari"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ravine"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ravine"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "boğaz",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "بوغاز"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "dere",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "دره"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schälran"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "corgo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ložbína",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ложби́на"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "promóina",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "промо́ина"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bujerák",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "буера́к"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rýtvina",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ры́твина"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "výmoina",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "вы́моина"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kuluar",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кулуар"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barranco"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "jar",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "яр"
},
{
"code": "yxg",
"lang": "Yagara",
"sense": "a trench, ravine or narrow channel which was worn by water flow, especially on a hillside",
"word": "pilla"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A small valley",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "úžlabina"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A small valley",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rokle"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A small valley",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "žleb"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A small valley",
"word": "úzké údolí"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "A small valley",
"word": "árok"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "A small valley",
"word": "kopia"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kanavka",
"sense": "A road drain",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "канавка"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A road drain",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "strouha"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "A road drain",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gully"
}
],
"word": "gully"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Hindustani languages",
"English terms derived from Hindustani languages",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -y (diminutive)",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌli",
"Rhymes:English/ʌli/2 syllables",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Kabuverdianu translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Yagara translations",
"en:Landforms"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "trench"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "uncertain"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "golet",
"t": "esophagus, gullet"
},
"expansion": "Middle English golet (“esophagus, gullet”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "goulet"
},
"expansion": "Old French goulet",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "gula",
"t": "throat"
},
"expansion": "Latin gula (“throat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gylle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gylle",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "-y",
"id2": "diminutive",
"pos2": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "+ -y (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin uncertain. Possibly from a variant of Middle English golet (“esophagus, gullet”), from Old French goulet, from Latin gula (“throat”). Shift in meaning in Middle English to \"water channel, ravine\" may have been influenced by Middle English gylle, gille, galle (“deep narrow valley, ravine”); see gill.\nAlternatively, from a diminutive of dialectal gull (“fissue, chasm”) + -y (diminutive suffix). See gull, gullick.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gullies",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gullying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gullied",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gullied",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gully (third-person singular simple present gullies, present participle gullying, simple past and past participle gullied)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To flow noisily."
],
"links": [
[
"Samuel Johnson",
"w:Samuel Johnson"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To flow noisily."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To wear away into a gully or gullies."
],
"links": [
[
"wear away",
"wear away"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To wear away into a gully or gullies."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gŭl'ē"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌli/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg/En-us-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg/En-au-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌli"
}
],
"word": "gully"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Hindustani languages",
"English terms derived from Hindustani languages",
"English terms derived from Scots",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌli",
"Rhymes:English/ʌli/2 syllables",
"en:Landforms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "gully"
},
"expansion": "Scots gully",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Scots gully, of unknown origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gullies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gully (plural gullies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Scottish English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1881–1882, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island, London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 14 November 1883, →OCLC, part IV (The Stockade), page 139:",
"text": "With that I made my mind up, took out my gully, opened it with my teeth, and cut one strand after another[…]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A large knife."
],
"links": [
[
"knife",
"knife"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland, northern UK) A large knife."
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Scotland",
"UK"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gŭl'ē"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌli/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg/En-us-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg/En-au-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌli"
}
],
"word": "gully"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Hindustani languages",
"English terms derived from Hindustani languages",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌli",
"Rhymes:English/ʌli/2 syllables",
"en:Landforms"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "inc-hnd"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Hindustani",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Hindustani گَلی (galī) / गली (galī); spelling probably influenced by other uses of this word.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gullies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gully (plural gullies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "probably etymologically unrelated",
"word": "hully gully"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"South Asian English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2023, Radhika Iyengar, Fire on the Ganges, Fourth Estate, page 3:",
"text": "Older boys play gali cricket, while young girls watch them shyly from a distance.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An alleyway or side street."
],
"links": [
[
"alleyway",
"alleyway"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly South Asia) An alleyway or side street."
],
"tags": [
"South-Asia"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gŭl'ē"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌli/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg/En-us-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-gully.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-gully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg/En-au-gully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/En-au-gully.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌli"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gali"
}
],
"word": "gully"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gully meaning in English (21.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.