See gull in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for gull meaning in English (40.8kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "as the gull flies"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus",
"word": "Audouin's gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Chroicocephalus ridibundus",
"word": "black-headed gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Chroicocephalus philadelphia",
"word": "Bonaparte's gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Larus cachinnans",
"word": "Caspian gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Larus canus",
"word": "common gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Larus dominicanus",
"word": "Dominican gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "European herring gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Rynchops nigra",
"word": "flood gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Leucophaeus pipixcan",
"word": "Franklin's gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Larus hyperboreus",
"word": "glaucous gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Larus marinus",
"word": "great black-backed gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "greater black-backed gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Gelochelidon nilotica",
"word": "gull-billed tern"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Stercorarius pomarius",
"word": "gull chaser"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Scaevola plumieri",
"word": "gullfeed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gull-wing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Heermann's gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Larus spp.",
"word": "herring gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Larus glaucoides",
"word": "Iceland gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Pagophila eburnea",
"word": "ivory gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Larus dominicanus",
"word": "kelp gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Larus marinus",
"word": "land gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Leucophaeus atricilla",
"word": "laughing gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Larus fuscus",
"word": "lesser black-backed gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Larus minutus",
"word": "little gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Ichthyaetus melanocephalus",
"word": "Mediterranean gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Larus canus",
"word": "mew gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Larus pacificus",
"word": "Pacific gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus",
"word": "Pallas's gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Chroicocephalus scopulinus",
"word": "red-billed gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Larus delawarensis",
"word": "ring-billed gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "skua",
"word": "robber gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Rhodostethia rosea",
"word": "Ross's gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Xema sabini",
"word": "Sabine's gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sea-gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Laridae spp.",
"word": "seagull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "shark-gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae",
"word": "silver gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Larus schistisagus",
"word": "slaty-backed gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Chroicocephalus genei",
"word": "slender-billed gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus",
"word": "white-eyed gull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Larus michahellis",
"word": "yellow-legged gull"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gulle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gulle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-bry",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Brythonic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*gwuɨlann"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *gwuɨlann",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*wailannā",
"4": "*wēlannā",
"5": "seagull"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *wēlannā (“seagull”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "gwylan"
},
"expansion": "Welsh gwylan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "goolan"
},
"expansion": "Cornish goolan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "gouelan"
},
"expansion": "Breton gouelan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "faílenn"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish faílenn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "faoileag"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic faoileag",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "goéland"
},
"expansion": "French goéland",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gulle, from a Brythonic language, from Proto-Brythonic *gwuɨlann, from Proto-Celtic *wēlannā (“seagull”). Cognate with Welsh gwylan, Cornish goolan, Breton gouelan, Old Irish faílenn, Scottish Gaelic faoileag. Compare French goéland, a borrowing from Breton.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gulls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gull (plural gulls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 15 2 11 14 3 3 2 9 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 16 2 7 14 3 3 1 6 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 7 3 12 7 6 9 4 6 5 7",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Gulls",
"orig": "en:Gulls",
"parents": [
"Seabirds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1947 January and February, O. S. Nock, “\"The Aberdonian\" in Wartime”, in Railway Magazine, page 8",
"text": "The tide was out, and we drew up amid the strong bracing smell of seaweed, with gulls screeching, wheeling around, and gliding on the wind.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A seabird of the genus Larus or of the family Laridae."
],
"id": "en-gull-en-noun-XOGhvrKN",
"links": [
[
"seabird",
"seabird"
],
[
"Larus",
"Larus#Translingual"
],
[
"Laridae",
"Laridae#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "mew"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "seamew"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "seagull"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ab",
"lang": "Abkhaz",
"roman": "ačʼnəŝ",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "аҷныш"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ady",
"lang": "Adyghe",
"roman": "xətḥarəqʷɛ",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "хытхьарыкъуэ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "meeu"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "seemeeu"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ain",
"lang": "Ainu",
"roman": "kapiw",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "カピゥ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "pulëbardha"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "alr",
"lang": "Alutor",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "яӄяӄ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nawras",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "نَوْرَس"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ajp",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nōras",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "نورس"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ajp",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nawāris",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"plural"
],
"word": "نوارِس"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ajp",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nawras",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "نَوْرَس"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ajp",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nawāris",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"plural"
],
"word": "نوارِس"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "náwras",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"North-Levantine-Arabic"
],
"word": "نَوْرَس"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nawēris",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"North-Levantine-Arabic",
"plural"
],
"word": "نوارِس"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ajp",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "náwras",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"South-Levantine-Arabic"
],
"word": "نَوْرَس"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ajp",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nawāris",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"South-Levantine-Arabic",
"plural"
],
"word": "نوارِس"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "aeb",
"lang": "Tunisian Arabic",
"roman": "gāwya",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ڨاوية"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "čay",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "ճայ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "oror",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "որոր"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gaviota"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gavilueta"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "av",
"lang": "Avar",
"roman": "čajka",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "чайка"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "qağayı"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "kaio"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "antxeta"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "čájka",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ча́йка"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "méva",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"dated",
"feminine",
"regional"
],
"word": "мэ́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gouelan"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čájka",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ча́йка"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "bvr",
"lang": "Burarra",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "ji-rrimula"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "bvr",
"lang": "Burarra",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "rrertert"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "cang-rau",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "စင်ရော်"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gavina"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gavià"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "海鷗"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hǎi'ōu",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "海鸥"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ckt",
"lang": "Chukchi",
"roman": "jʺajaq",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "йъаяӄ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "cv",
"lang": "Chuvash",
"roman": "čarlan",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "чарлан"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "goolan"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "goelann"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "racek"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "måge"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "dji",
"lang": "Djinang",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "jarrak"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "meeuw"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "mevo"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "laro"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "kajakas"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "mási"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "máur"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mávur"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "lokki"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "goéland"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mauve"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mouette"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "cocâl"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "smurgnic"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gaivota"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gueivota"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pílora"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "papón"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carrau"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "argau"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "merlinga"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "canrai"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gácea"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "tolia",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "თოლია"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Möwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Möwenvogel"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gláros",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "γλάρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "láros",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λάρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "naaja"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "kky",
"lang": "Guugu Yimidhirr",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "milgaandurr"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "kalapuna"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "shákhaf",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "שחף"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "sirály"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "máfur"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mávur"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "muevo"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "kajava"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "faoileán"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "faoileog"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gabbiano"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "itl",
"lang": "Itelmen",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "йаӄйаӄ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ibd",
"lang": "Iwaidja",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "mirridbu"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"alt": "かもめ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kamome",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "鴎"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kamome",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "カモメ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"alt": "うみねこ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "umi-neko",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "海猫"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ja",
"english": "black-tailed gull",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "umi-neko",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "ウミネコ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "xal",
"lang": "Kalmyk",
"roman": "tsax",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "цах"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "kla",
"lang": "Klamath-Modoc",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "kolɁa"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "kpv",
"lang": "Komi-Zyrian",
"roman": "kaľa",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "каля"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "galmaegi",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "갈매기"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "kum",
"lang": "Kumyk",
"roman": "çabaqçı",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "чабакъчы"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "kum",
"lang": "Kumyk",
"roman": "çabaq quş",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "чабакъ къуш"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "kum",
"lang": "Kumyk",
"roman": "çarlaqquş",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "чарлакъкъуш"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "lld",
"lang": "Ladin",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gabian"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zyvāda"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kaiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "larus"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mergus"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gavia"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kaija"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"feminine"
],
"word": "kaiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "lzz",
"lang": "Laz",
"roman": "alioni",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "ალიონი"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "lzz",
"lang": "Laz",
"roman": "ç̌ino",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "ჭინო"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "lzz",
"lang": "Laz",
"roman": "marťini",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "მარტინი"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "kiras"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "mevas"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Mööv"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Meuv"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Meev"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "nds",
"english": "Lower Saxony",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Meiw’"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "nds",
"english": "Lower Saxony",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Mööw’"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Méiw"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "gáleb",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "га́леб"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "burung camar"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "camar"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gawwija"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "foillan"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "karoro"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "mhr",
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"roman": "kolšyre",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "колшыре"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "mhr",
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"roman": "tarĺak",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "тарляк"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "mrj",
"lang": "Western Mari",
"roman": "kolšÿre",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "колшӹре"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "mph",
"lang": "Maung",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "kalawitpit"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "mph",
"lang": "Maung",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "marrakak"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "mph",
"lang": "Maung",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "mirrijpu"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gulle"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "xmf",
"lang": "Mingrelian",
"roman": "tolia",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "თოლია"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "caxlaj",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "цахлай"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "moe",
"lang": "Montagnais",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "tshiashkᵘ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "tónteel tsídii"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "nay",
"lang": "Ngarrindjeri",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "throkeri"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "niv",
"lang": "Nivkh",
"roman": "keẋ",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "кеӽ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"Guernsey",
"feminine"
],
"word": "maoue"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"France",
"feminine"
],
"word": "mâove"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"Jersey",
"feminine"
],
"word": "mauve"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "måke"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "måse"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "måke"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "måse"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gavian"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gayaashk"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mǣw"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "otw",
"lang": "Ottawa",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gyaashk"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "morğ-e daryâyi",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "مرغ دریایی"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "dobrâz",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "دبراذ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Meew"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mewa"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "pnt",
"lang": "Pontic Greek",
"roman": "tzelelía",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "τζελελία"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "pnt",
"lang": "Pontic Greek",
"roman": "tzínos",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "τζίνος"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "pnt",
"lang": "Pontic Greek",
"roman": "chapsopoúlli",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "χαψοπούλλι"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gaivota"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "rom",
"lang": "Romani",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chayka"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "rom",
"lang": "Romani",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chirikli-mariaki"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pescăruș"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "muetta"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čájka",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ча́йка"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "báiski"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "cau marinu"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "laru"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gavina"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "faoileann"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "faoileag"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "галеб"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "galeb"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "cjs",
"lang": "Shor",
"roman": "ağıy",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "ағый"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aceddu dû malutempu"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "čajka"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "galeb"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rybnica"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "hsb",
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tonuška"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gaviota"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9"
],
"word": "shakwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "mås"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "trut"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "aqçarlaq",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "акчарлак"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "tet",
"lang": "Tetum",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gaivota"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "tiw",
"lang": "Tiwi",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "martapani"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "tiw",
"lang": "Tiwi",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "wujirrini"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "to",
"lang": "Tongan",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "tala"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "martı"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "udm",
"lang": "Udmurt",
"roman": "kamkočo",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "камкоӵо"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "udm",
"lang": "Udmurt",
"roman": "śiźaś",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "сизясь"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "udm",
"lang": "Udmurt",
"roman": "ćarlan",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "чарлан"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čájka",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ча́йка"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "mártyn",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ма́ртин"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "méva",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"feminine"
],
"word": "ме́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "hải âu"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "mòng biển"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "mòng bể"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "mev"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "wbp",
"lang": "Warlpiri",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "kijitarra-tarra"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gwylan"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "seefûgel"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "meau"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "wim",
"lang": "Wik-Mungkan",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "oopal"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "qopto",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "хопто"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "yag",
"lang": "Yámana",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "kalala"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "meve",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "מעווע"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 33 3 5 8 4 4 3 4 4 5",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Pierid butterflies",
"orig": "en:Pierid butterflies",
"parents": [
"Butterflies",
"Insects",
"Arthropods",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various pierid butterflies of the genus Cepora."
],
"id": "en-gull-en-noun-PdOTHE6l",
"links": [
[
"pierid",
"pierid"
],
[
"genus",
"genus"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gull.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-gull.ogg/En-us-gull.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-gull.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "gŭl"
}
],
"word": "gull"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "gull",
"t": "to swallow, guzzle"
},
"expansion": "gull (“to swallow, guzzle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "golen",
"t": "to make swallowing motions, gape"
},
"expansion": "Middle English golen (“to make swallowing motions, gape”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps from an obsolete term gull (“to swallow, guzzle”), from Middle English golen (“to make swallowing motions, gape”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gulls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gull (plural gulls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A cheating trick; a fraud."
],
"id": "en-gull-en-noun-b6mhUcff",
"links": [
[
"fraud",
"fraud"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) A cheating trick; a fraud."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"One easily cheated; a dupe."
],
"id": "en-gull-en-noun-x5RRVTVj",
"links": [
[
"dupe",
"dupe"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Universities",
"orig": "en:Universities",
"parents": [
"Schools",
"Buildings",
"Education",
"Buildings and structures",
"Society",
"Architecture",
"All topics",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Culture"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1825, Bernard Blackmantle, The English Spy",
"text": "You'll excuse me, sir, but as you are fresh, take care to avoid the gulls; they fly about here in large flocks, I assure you, and do no little mischief at times.\" \"I never understood that gulls were birds of prey,\" said I.—\"Only in Oxford, sir; and here, I assure you, they bite like hawks, and pick many a poor young gentleman as bare before his three years are expired, as the crows would a dead sheep upon a common. […]\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A swindler or trickster."
],
"id": "en-gull-en-noun-v2Tp-wa4",
"links": [
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"swindler",
"swindler"
],
[
"trickster",
"trickster"
]
],
"qualifier": "Oxford University slang",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, Oxford University slang) A swindler or trickster."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌl"
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{
"audio": "en-us-gull.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-gull.ogg/En-us-gull.ogg.mp3",
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"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "gŭl"
}
],
"word": "gull"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "gullcatcher"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "gullible → gullibility"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "gullibly"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "gull",
"t": "to swallow, guzzle"
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"expansion": "gull (“to swallow, guzzle”)",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "golen",
"t": "to make swallowing motions, gape"
},
"expansion": "Middle English golen (“to make swallowing motions, gape”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps from an obsolete term gull (“to swallow, guzzle”), from Middle English golen (“to make swallowing motions, gape”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gulls",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gulling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gulled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gulled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
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],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1798, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Wallenstein",
"text": "I'm not gulling him for the emperor's service.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1986, John le Carré, A Perfect Spy",
"text": "She has done these things before and remembers now that she is good at them, often steadier than the men. In Berlin when Jack needed a spare girl Mary had kept watch, gulled room keys out of concierges, replaced stolen documents in dangerous desks, driven scared Joes to safe flats.",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"To deceive or cheat."
],
"id": "en-gull-en-verb-en:to_deceive",
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[
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"deceive"
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[
"cheat",
"cheat"
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],
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},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To mislead."
],
"id": "en-gull-en-verb-fTXHp-yW",
"links": [
[
"mislead",
"mislead"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, slang) To mislead."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To trick and defraud."
],
"id": "en-gull-en-verb-dSip7cjk",
"links": [
[
"trick",
"trick"
],
[
"defraud",
"defraud"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, slang) To trick and defraud."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌl"
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{
"audio": "en-us-gull.ogg",
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"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "gŭl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izmamvam",
"word": "измамвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"word": "rászed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"word": "becsap"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"word": "bepaliz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"word": "átejt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ízmami",
"word": "и́змами"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"word": "păcăli"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"word": "înșela"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obmányvatʹ",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "обма́нывать"
}
],
"word": "gull"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gullick"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gole",
"t": "a whirlpool, narrow inlet of the sea, ditch or stream"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gole (“a whirlpool, narrow inlet of the sea, ditch or stream”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gml",
"3": "goel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German goel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "gȫl"
},
"expansion": "gȫl",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "gȫle",
"t": "swamp, marshy lowland"
},
"expansion": "gȫle (“swamp, marshy lowland”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gulla",
"t": "pool, puddle"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch gulla (“pool, puddle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "goille",
"t": "pool, puddle, pond"
},
"expansion": "Old French goille (“pool, puddle, pond”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*goli"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *goli",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*golljā",
"t": "puddle"
},
"expansion": "*golljā (“puddle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*guljaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *guljaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*guljǭ"
},
"expansion": "*guljǭ",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gole (“a whirlpool, narrow inlet of the sea, ditch or stream”), from Middle Low German goel, gȫl, gȫle (“swamp, marshy lowland”), related to Old Dutch gulla (“pool, puddle”), Old French goille (“pool, puddle, pond”), all ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *goli, *golljā (“puddle”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *guljaz, *guljǭ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gulls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gull (plural gulls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A breach or hole made by the force of a torrent; fissure, chasm."
],
"id": "en-gull-en-noun-zp~6OycX",
"links": [
[
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"breach"
],
[
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"hole"
],
[
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"torrent"
],
[
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"fissure"
],
[
"chasm",
"chasm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) A breach or hole made by the force of a torrent; fissure, chasm."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A channel made by a stream; a natural watercourse; running water."
],
"id": "en-gull-en-noun-u7ug59di",
"links": [
[
"channel",
"channel"
],
[
"stream",
"stream"
],
[
"watercourse",
"watercourse"
],
[
"water",
"water"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) A channel made by a stream; a natural watercourse; running water."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gull.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-gull.ogg/En-us-gull.ogg.mp3",
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"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "gŭl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "gool"
}
],
"word": "gull"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gole",
"t": "a whirlpool, narrow inlet of the sea, ditch or stream"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gole (“a whirlpool, narrow inlet of the sea, ditch or stream”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gml",
"3": "goel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German goel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "gȫl"
},
"expansion": "gȫl",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "gȫle",
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},
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"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gulla",
"t": "pool, puddle"
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "goille",
"t": "pool, puddle, pond"
},
"expansion": "Old French goille (“pool, puddle, pond”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*goli"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *goli",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "*golljā",
"t": "puddle"
},
"expansion": "*golljā (“puddle”)",
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*guljaz"
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"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *guljaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*guljǭ"
},
"expansion": "*guljǭ",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gole (“a whirlpool, narrow inlet of the sea, ditch or stream”), from Middle Low German goel, gȫl, gȫle (“swamp, marshy lowland”), related to Old Dutch gulla (“pool, puddle”), Old French goille (“pool, puddle, pond”), all ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *goli, *golljā (“puddle”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *guljaz, *guljǭ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gulls",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gulling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gulled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gulled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To sweep away by the force of running water; to carve or wear into a gully."
],
"id": "en-gull-en-verb-9jwbgP9L",
"links": [
[
"sweep away",
"sweep away"
],
[
"carve",
"carve"
],
[
"wear",
"wear"
],
[
"gully",
"gully"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) To sweep away by the force of running water; to carve or wear into a gully."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌl"
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{
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-gull.ogg/En-us-gull.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-gull.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "gŭl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "gool"
}
],
"word": "gull"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Brythonic languages",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle Low German",
"English terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Requests for review of Northern Mansi translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌl",
"Rhymes:English/ʌl/1 syllable",
"en:Gulls",
"en:Pierid butterflies"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "as the gull flies"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus",
"word": "Audouin's gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Chroicocephalus ridibundus",
"word": "black-headed gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Chroicocephalus philadelphia",
"word": "Bonaparte's gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Larus cachinnans",
"word": "Caspian gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Larus canus",
"word": "common gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Larus dominicanus",
"word": "Dominican gull"
},
{
"word": "European herring gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Rynchops nigra",
"word": "flood gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Leucophaeus pipixcan",
"word": "Franklin's gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Larus hyperboreus",
"word": "glaucous gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Larus marinus",
"word": "great black-backed gull"
},
{
"word": "greater black-backed gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Gelochelidon nilotica",
"word": "gull-billed tern"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Stercorarius pomarius",
"word": "gull chaser"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Scaevola plumieri",
"word": "gullfeed"
},
{
"word": "gull-wing"
},
{
"word": "Heermann's gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Larus spp.",
"word": "herring gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Larus glaucoides",
"word": "Iceland gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Pagophila eburnea",
"word": "ivory gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Larus dominicanus",
"word": "kelp gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Larus marinus",
"word": "land gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Leucophaeus atricilla",
"word": "laughing gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Larus fuscus",
"word": "lesser black-backed gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Larus minutus",
"word": "little gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Ichthyaetus melanocephalus",
"word": "Mediterranean gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Larus canus",
"word": "mew gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Larus pacificus",
"word": "Pacific gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus",
"word": "Pallas's gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Chroicocephalus scopulinus",
"word": "red-billed gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Larus delawarensis",
"word": "ring-billed gull"
},
{
"alt": "skua",
"word": "robber gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Rhodostethia rosea",
"word": "Ross's gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Xema sabini",
"word": "Sabine's gull"
},
{
"word": "sea-gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Laridae spp.",
"word": "seagull"
},
{
"word": "shark-gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae",
"word": "silver gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Larus schistisagus",
"word": "slaty-backed gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Chroicocephalus genei",
"word": "slender-billed gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus",
"word": "white-eyed gull"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Larus michahellis",
"word": "yellow-legged gull"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gulle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gulle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-bry",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Brythonic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*gwuɨlann"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *gwuɨlann",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*wailannā",
"4": "*wēlannā",
"5": "seagull"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *wēlannā (“seagull”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "gwylan"
},
"expansion": "Welsh gwylan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "goolan"
},
"expansion": "Cornish goolan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "gouelan"
},
"expansion": "Breton gouelan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "faílenn"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish faílenn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "faoileag"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic faoileag",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "goéland"
},
"expansion": "French goéland",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gulle, from a Brythonic language, from Proto-Brythonic *gwuɨlann, from Proto-Celtic *wēlannā (“seagull”). Cognate with Welsh gwylan, Cornish goolan, Breton gouelan, Old Irish faílenn, Scottish Gaelic faoileag. Compare French goéland, a borrowing from Breton.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gulls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gull (plural gulls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1947 January and February, O. S. Nock, “\"The Aberdonian\" in Wartime”, in Railway Magazine, page 8",
"text": "The tide was out, and we drew up amid the strong bracing smell of seaweed, with gulls screeching, wheeling around, and gliding on the wind.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A seabird of the genus Larus or of the family Laridae."
],
"links": [
[
"seabird",
"seabird"
],
[
"Larus",
"Larus#Translingual"
],
[
"Laridae",
"Laridae#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)"
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various pierid butterflies of the genus Cepora."
],
"links": [
[
"pierid",
"pierid"
],
[
"genus",
"genus"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gull.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-gull.ogg/En-us-gull.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-gull.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "gŭl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "mew"
},
{
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "seamew"
},
{
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "seagull"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ab",
"lang": "Abkhaz",
"roman": "ačʼnəŝ",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "аҷныш"
},
{
"code": "ady",
"lang": "Adyghe",
"roman": "xətḥarəqʷɛ",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "хытхьарыкъуэ"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "meeu"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "seemeeu"
},
{
"code": "ain",
"lang": "Ainu",
"roman": "kapiw",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "カピゥ"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "pulëbardha"
},
{
"code": "alr",
"lang": "Alutor",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "яӄяӄ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nawras",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "نَوْرَس"
},
{
"code": "ajp",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nōras",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "نورس"
},
{
"code": "ajp",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nawāris",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"plural"
],
"word": "نوارِس"
},
{
"code": "ajp",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nawras",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "نَوْرَس"
},
{
"code": "ajp",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nawāris",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"plural"
],
"word": "نوارِس"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "náwras",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"North-Levantine-Arabic"
],
"word": "نَوْرَس"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nawēris",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"North-Levantine-Arabic",
"plural"
],
"word": "نوارِس"
},
{
"code": "ajp",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "náwras",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"South-Levantine-Arabic"
],
"word": "نَوْرَس"
},
{
"code": "ajp",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nawāris",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"South-Levantine-Arabic",
"plural"
],
"word": "نوارِس"
},
{
"code": "aeb",
"lang": "Tunisian Arabic",
"roman": "gāwya",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ڨاوية"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "čay",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "ճայ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "oror",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "որոր"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gaviota"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gavilueta"
},
{
"code": "av",
"lang": "Avar",
"roman": "čajka",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "чайка"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "qağayı"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "kaio"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "antxeta"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "čájka",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ча́йка"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "méva",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"dated",
"feminine",
"regional"
],
"word": "мэ́ва"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gouelan"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čájka",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ча́йка"
},
{
"code": "bvr",
"lang": "Burarra",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "ji-rrimula"
},
{
"code": "bvr",
"lang": "Burarra",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "rrertert"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "cang-rau",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "စင်ရော်"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gavina"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gavià"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "海鷗"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hǎi'ōu",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "海鸥"
},
{
"code": "ckt",
"lang": "Chukchi",
"roman": "jʺajaq",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "йъаяӄ"
},
{
"code": "cv",
"lang": "Chuvash",
"roman": "čarlan",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "чарлан"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "goolan"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "goelann"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "racek"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "måge"
},
{
"code": "dji",
"lang": "Djinang",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "jarrak"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "meeuw"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "mevo"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "laro"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "kajakas"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "mási"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "máur"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mávur"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "lokki"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "goéland"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mauve"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mouette"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "cocâl"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "smurgnic"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gaivota"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gueivota"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pílora"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "papón"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carrau"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "argau"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "merlinga"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "canrai"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gácea"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "tolia",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "თოლია"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Möwe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Möwenvogel"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gláros",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "γλάρος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "láros",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λάρος"
},
{
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "naaja"
},
{
"code": "kky",
"lang": "Guugu Yimidhirr",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "milgaandurr"
},
{
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "kalapuna"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "shákhaf",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "שחף"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "sirály"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "máfur"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mávur"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "muevo"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "kajava"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "faoileán"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "faoileog"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gabbiano"
},
{
"code": "itl",
"lang": "Itelmen",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "йаӄйаӄ"
},
{
"code": "ibd",
"lang": "Iwaidja",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "mirridbu"
},
{
"alt": "かもめ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kamome",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "鴎"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kamome",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "カモメ"
},
{
"alt": "うみねこ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "umi-neko",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "海猫"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"english": "black-tailed gull",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "umi-neko",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "ウミネコ"
},
{
"code": "xal",
"lang": "Kalmyk",
"roman": "tsax",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "цах"
},
{
"code": "kla",
"lang": "Klamath-Modoc",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "kolɁa"
},
{
"code": "kpv",
"lang": "Komi-Zyrian",
"roman": "kaľa",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "каля"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "galmaegi",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "갈매기"
},
{
"code": "kum",
"lang": "Kumyk",
"roman": "çabaqçı",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "чабакъчы"
},
{
"code": "kum",
"lang": "Kumyk",
"roman": "çabaq quş",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "чабакъ къуш"
},
{
"code": "kum",
"lang": "Kumyk",
"roman": "çarlaqquş",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "чарлакъкъуш"
},
{
"code": "lld",
"lang": "Ladin",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gabian"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zyvāda"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kaiva"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "larus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mergus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gavia"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kaija"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"feminine"
],
"word": "kaiva"
},
{
"code": "lzz",
"lang": "Laz",
"roman": "alioni",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "ალიონი"
},
{
"code": "lzz",
"lang": "Laz",
"roman": "ç̌ino",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "ჭინო"
},
{
"code": "lzz",
"lang": "Laz",
"roman": "marťini",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "მარტინი"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "kiras"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "mevas"
},
{
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Mööv"
},
{
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Meuv"
},
{
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Meev"
},
{
"code": "nds",
"english": "Lower Saxony",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Meiw’"
},
{
"code": "nds",
"english": "Lower Saxony",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Mööw’"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Méiw"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "gáleb",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "га́леб"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "burung camar"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "camar"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gawwija"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "foillan"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "karoro"
},
{
"code": "mhr",
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"roman": "kolšyre",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "колшыре"
},
{
"code": "mhr",
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"roman": "tarĺak",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "тарляк"
},
{
"code": "mrj",
"lang": "Western Mari",
"roman": "kolšÿre",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "колшӹре"
},
{
"code": "mph",
"lang": "Maung",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "kalawitpit"
},
{
"code": "mph",
"lang": "Maung",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "marrakak"
},
{
"code": "mph",
"lang": "Maung",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "mirrijpu"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gulle"
},
{
"code": "xmf",
"lang": "Mingrelian",
"roman": "tolia",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "თოლია"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "caxlaj",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "цахлай"
},
{
"code": "moe",
"lang": "Montagnais",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "tshiashkᵘ"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "tónteel tsídii"
},
{
"code": "nay",
"lang": "Ngarrindjeri",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "throkeri"
},
{
"code": "niv",
"lang": "Nivkh",
"roman": "keẋ",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "кеӽ"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"Guernsey",
"feminine"
],
"word": "maoue"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"France",
"feminine"
],
"word": "mâove"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"Jersey",
"feminine"
],
"word": "mauve"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "måke"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "måse"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "måke"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "måse"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gavian"
},
{
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gayaashk"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mǣw"
},
{
"code": "otw",
"lang": "Ottawa",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gyaashk"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "morğ-e daryâyi",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "مرغ دریایی"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "dobrâz",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "دبراذ"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Meew"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mewa"
},
{
"code": "pnt",
"lang": "Pontic Greek",
"roman": "tzelelía",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "τζελελία"
},
{
"code": "pnt",
"lang": "Pontic Greek",
"roman": "tzínos",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "τζίνος"
},
{
"code": "pnt",
"lang": "Pontic Greek",
"roman": "chapsopoúlli",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "χαψοπούλλι"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gaivota"
},
{
"code": "rom",
"lang": "Romani",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chayka"
},
{
"code": "rom",
"lang": "Romani",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chirikli-mariaki"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pescăruș"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "muetta"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čájka",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ча́йка"
},
{
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "báiski"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "cau marinu"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "laru"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gavina"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "faoileann"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "faoileag"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "галеб"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "galeb"
},
{
"code": "cjs",
"lang": "Shor",
"roman": "ağıy",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "ағый"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aceddu dû malutempu"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "čajka"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "galeb"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rybnica"
},
{
"code": "hsb",
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tonuška"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gaviota"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9"
],
"word": "shakwe"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "mås"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "trut"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "aqçarlaq",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "акчарлак"
},
{
"code": "tet",
"lang": "Tetum",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gaivota"
},
{
"code": "tiw",
"lang": "Tiwi",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "martapani"
},
{
"code": "tiw",
"lang": "Tiwi",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "wujirrini"
},
{
"code": "to",
"lang": "Tongan",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "tala"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "martı"
},
{
"code": "udm",
"lang": "Udmurt",
"roman": "kamkočo",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "камкоӵо"
},
{
"code": "udm",
"lang": "Udmurt",
"roman": "śiźaś",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "сизясь"
},
{
"code": "udm",
"lang": "Udmurt",
"roman": "ćarlan",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "чарлан"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čájka",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ча́йка"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "mártyn",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ма́ртин"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "méva",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"feminine"
],
"word": "ме́ва"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cocal"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "hải âu"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "mòng biển"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "mòng bể"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "mev"
},
{
"code": "wbp",
"lang": "Warlpiri",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "kijitarra-tarra"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "gwylan"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "seefûgel"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "seabird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "meau"
},
{
"code": "wim",
"lang": "Wik-Mungkan",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "oopal"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "qopto",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "хопто"
},
{
"code": "yag",
"lang": "Yámana",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "kalala"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "meve",
"sense": "seabird",
"word": "מעווע"
}
],
"word": "gull"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle Low German",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ʌl",
"Rhymes:English/ʌl/1 syllable",
"en:Gulls",
"en:Pierid butterflies"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "gull",
"t": "to swallow, guzzle"
},
"expansion": "gull (“to swallow, guzzle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "golen",
"t": "to make swallowing motions, gape"
},
"expansion": "Middle English golen (“to make swallowing motions, gape”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps from an obsolete term gull (“to swallow, guzzle”), from Middle English golen (“to make swallowing motions, gape”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gulls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gull (plural gulls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English slang"
],
"glosses": [
"A cheating trick; a fraud."
],
"links": [
[
"fraud",
"fraud"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) A cheating trick; a fraud."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"One easily cheated; a dupe."
],
"links": [
[
"dupe",
"dupe"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Oxford University slang",
"en:Universities"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1825, Bernard Blackmantle, The English Spy",
"text": "You'll excuse me, sir, but as you are fresh, take care to avoid the gulls; they fly about here in large flocks, I assure you, and do no little mischief at times.\" \"I never understood that gulls were birds of prey,\" said I.—\"Only in Oxford, sir; and here, I assure you, they bite like hawks, and pick many a poor young gentleman as bare before his three years are expired, as the crows would a dead sheep upon a common. […]\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A swindler or trickster."
],
"links": [
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"swindler",
"swindler"
],
[
"trickster",
"trickster"
]
],
"qualifier": "Oxford University slang",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, Oxford University slang) A swindler or trickster."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gull.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-gull.ogg/En-us-gull.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-gull.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "gŭl"
}
],
"word": "gull"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle Low German",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ʌl",
"Rhymes:English/ʌl/1 syllable",
"en:Gulls",
"en:Pierid butterflies"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gullcatcher"
},
{
"word": "gullible → gullibility"
},
{
"word": "gullibly"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "gull",
"t": "to swallow, guzzle"
},
"expansion": "gull (“to swallow, guzzle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "golen",
"t": "to make swallowing motions, gape"
},
"expansion": "Middle English golen (“to make swallowing motions, gape”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps from an obsolete term gull (“to swallow, guzzle”), from Middle English golen (“to make swallowing motions, gape”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gulls",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gulling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gulled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gulled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gull (third-person singular simple present gulls, present participle gulling, simple past and past participle gulled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1798, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Wallenstein",
"text": "I'm not gulling him for the emperor's service.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1986, John le Carré, A Perfect Spy",
"text": "She has done these things before and remembers now that she is good at them, often steadier than the men. In Berlin when Jack needed a spare girl Mary had kept watch, gulled room keys out of concierges, replaced stolen documents in dangerous desks, driven scared Joes to safe flats.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To deceive or cheat."
],
"links": [
[
"deceive",
"deceive"
],
[
"cheat",
"cheat"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:to deceive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English slang"
],
"glosses": [
"To mislead."
],
"links": [
[
"mislead",
"mislead"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, slang) To mislead."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English slang"
],
"glosses": [
"To trick and defraud."
],
"links": [
[
"trick",
"trick"
],
[
"defraud",
"defraud"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, slang) To trick and defraud."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gull.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-gull.ogg/En-us-gull.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-gull.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "gŭl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izmamvam",
"word": "измамвам"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"word": "rászed"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"word": "becsap"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"word": "bepaliz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"word": "átejt"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ízmami",
"word": "и́змами"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"word": "păcăli"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"word": "înșela"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obmányvatʹ",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "обма́нывать"
}
],
"word": "gull"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle Low German",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ʌl",
"Rhymes:English/ʌl/1 syllable",
"en:Gulls",
"en:Pierid butterflies"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gullick"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gole",
"t": "a whirlpool, narrow inlet of the sea, ditch or stream"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gole (“a whirlpool, narrow inlet of the sea, ditch or stream”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gml",
"3": "goel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German goel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "gȫl"
},
"expansion": "gȫl",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "gȫle",
"t": "swamp, marshy lowland"
},
"expansion": "gȫle (“swamp, marshy lowland”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gulla",
"t": "pool, puddle"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch gulla (“pool, puddle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "goille",
"t": "pool, puddle, pond"
},
"expansion": "Old French goille (“pool, puddle, pond”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*goli"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *goli",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*golljā",
"t": "puddle"
},
"expansion": "*golljā (“puddle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*guljaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *guljaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*guljǭ"
},
"expansion": "*guljǭ",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gole (“a whirlpool, narrow inlet of the sea, ditch or stream”), from Middle Low German goel, gȫl, gȫle (“swamp, marshy lowland”), related to Old Dutch gulla (“pool, puddle”), Old French goille (“pool, puddle, pond”), all ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *goli, *golljā (“puddle”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *guljaz, *guljǭ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gulls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gull (plural gulls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"A breach or hole made by the force of a torrent; fissure, chasm."
],
"links": [
[
"breach",
"breach"
],
[
"hole",
"hole"
],
[
"torrent",
"torrent"
],
[
"fissure",
"fissure"
],
[
"chasm",
"chasm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) A breach or hole made by the force of a torrent; fissure, chasm."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"A channel made by a stream; a natural watercourse; running water."
],
"links": [
[
"channel",
"channel"
],
[
"stream",
"stream"
],
[
"watercourse",
"watercourse"
],
[
"water",
"water"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) A channel made by a stream; a natural watercourse; running water."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gull.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-gull.ogg/En-us-gull.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-gull.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "gŭl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "gool"
}
],
"word": "gull"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle Low German",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ʌl",
"Rhymes:English/ʌl/1 syllable",
"en:Gulls",
"en:Pierid butterflies"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gole",
"t": "a whirlpool, narrow inlet of the sea, ditch or stream"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gole (“a whirlpool, narrow inlet of the sea, ditch or stream”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gml",
"3": "goel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German goel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "gȫl"
},
"expansion": "gȫl",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "gȫle",
"t": "swamp, marshy lowland"
},
"expansion": "gȫle (“swamp, marshy lowland”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gulla",
"t": "pool, puddle"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch gulla (“pool, puddle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "goille",
"t": "pool, puddle, pond"
},
"expansion": "Old French goille (“pool, puddle, pond”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*goli"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *goli",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*golljā",
"t": "puddle"
},
"expansion": "*golljā (“puddle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*guljaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *guljaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*guljǭ"
},
"expansion": "*guljǭ",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gole (“a whirlpool, narrow inlet of the sea, ditch or stream”), from Middle Low German goel, gȫl, gȫle (“swamp, marshy lowland”), related to Old Dutch gulla (“pool, puddle”), Old French goille (“pool, puddle, pond”), all ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *goli, *golljā (“puddle”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *guljaz, *guljǭ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gulls",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gulling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gulled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gulled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gull (third-person singular simple present gulls, present participle gulling, simple past and past participle gulled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"To sweep away by the force of running water; to carve or wear into a gully."
],
"links": [
[
"sweep away",
"sweep away"
],
[
"carve",
"carve"
],
[
"wear",
"wear"
],
[
"gully",
"gully"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) To sweep away by the force of running water; to carve or wear into a gully."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʌl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gull.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-gull.ogg/En-us-gull.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-gull.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "gŭl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "gool"
}
],
"word": "gull"
}
{
"called_from": "page/2386",
"msg": "inconsistent language codes arz vs ajp in translation item: 't' {1: 'ajp', 2: 'نوارِس', 'tr': 'nawāris'}",
"path": [
"gull",
"t"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "gull",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2386",
"msg": "inconsistent language codes acw vs ajp in translation item: 't' {1: 'ajp', 2: 'نوارِس', 'tr': 'nawāris'}",
"path": [
"gull",
"t"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "gull",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2517",
"msg": "UNIMPLEMENTED parse_translation_template: trans-top-see {1: 'to deceive or cheat', 2: 'deceive', 3: 'cheat#Verb'}",
"path": [
"gull",
"trans-top-see"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "gull",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.