genitive in English

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{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "genitival"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "genitivally"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "genitive absolute"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "genitive-accusative"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "genitive case"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "genitively"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "philogenitive"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "philogenitiveness"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "adjective",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "genetif",
        "t": "pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English genetif (“pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "genetif"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman genetif",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "genetif"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French genetif",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "génitif"
      },
      "expansion": "French génitif",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "etymon"
      },
      "expansion": "etymon",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "genetīvus",
        "t": "pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin genetīvus (“pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "LL.",
        "2": "genitivus"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin genitivus",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "perfect"
      },
      "expansion": "perfect",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "passive"
      },
      "expansion": "passive",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participle"
      },
      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-",
        "t": "to beget, give birth; to produce"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth; to produce”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "genetīvus cāsus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin genetīvus cāsus",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc-koi",
        "2": "γενῐκή πτῶσις",
        "lit": "inflection expressing a genus or kind"
      },
      "expansion": "Koine Greek γενῐκή πτῶσις (genikḗ ptôsis, literally “inflection expressing a genus or kind”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "genetif",
        "t": "genitive case"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English genetif (“genitive case”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "genitif"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French genitif",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "génitif"
      },
      "expansion": "French génitif",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "genetīvus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin genetīvus",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The adjective is derived from Late Middle English genetif (“pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring”) + English -ive (suffix meaning ‘relating or belonging to’ forming adjectives). Genetif is from Anglo-Norman genetif, genitif, and Middle French genetif, genitif (“pertaining to the generation of offspring, procreative; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”) (modern French génitif), and from their etymon Latin genetīvus (“pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”) (whence Late Latin genitivus), from genitus (“begotten, engendered; produced”) + -īvus (suffix meaning ‘doing’ or ‘related to doing’ forming adjectives). Genitus is the perfect passive participle of gignō (“to beget, give birth to; to produce, yield”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth; to produce”).\nLatin genetīvus cāsus (or cāsus genetīvus, cāsus genitīvus (literally “grammatical case pertaining to birth or origin”)), was used to translate Koine Greek γενῐκή πτῶσις (genikḗ ptôsis, literally “inflection expressing a genus or kind”) which actually means “generic case”, though it refers to what is now called the genitive case.\nThe noun is derived from Late Middle English genetif (“genitive case”), from the adjective (see above). Compare Middle French genitif (modern French génitif) and Latin genetīvus (short for genetīvus cāsus (“genitive case”)).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "genitive (not comparable)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "gen‧it‧ive"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "genital"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "progenitive"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "progeny"
    }
  ],
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      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of or pertaining to the generation of offspring; generative, procreative, reproductive."
      ],
      "id": "en-genitive-en-adj-h3IdOAvG",
      "links": [
        [
          "generation",
          "generation"
        ],
        [
          "offspring",
          "offspring"
        ],
        [
          "generative",
          "generative"
        ],
        [
          "procreative",
          "procreative"
        ],
        [
          "reproductive",
          "reproductive#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Of or pertaining to the generation of offspring; generative, procreative, reproductive."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "progenitive"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "not-comparable"
      ]
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      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "dependent genitive",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "independent genitive",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "The student who had taken a German exam realised his error afterwards. He had used the dative case instead of the genitive case to show possession.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1562, Wylliam Turner [i.e., William Turner], “Of the Herbe Called in Latin Irio”, in The Second Parte of Guilliam Turners Herball⸝ […], Cologne: […] Arnold Birckman, →OCLC, folio 23, recto:",
          "text": "[T]he poticaries and barbarus wryters call it [the iris] Irios in the genetiue caſe.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1669, J[ohn] M[ilton], “Of Nouns”, in Accedence Commenc’t Grammar, […], to Attain the Latin Tongue; […], London: […] S[amuel] Simmons, […], →OCLC, page 5:",
          "text": "Nouns Subſtantive have five Declenſions or forms of ending thir Caſes, chiefly diſtinguiſht by the different ending of thir Genitive Singular. […] The firſt [declension] is vvhen the Genitive and Dative ſingular end in æ, &c., […]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2024, Geoffrey K. Pullum, The Truth About English Grammar, Polity Press, →ISBN, pages 38-39:",
          "text": "Two kinds of genitive: All nouns have a genitive form, but pronouns have two of them. The dependent genitive form is used before a head noun, and the independent genitive form (usually distinct) is used on its own but with a genitive-related meaning. […] my painting, where my is the dependent genitive of I, but That painting is mine, where mine is the independent genitive […]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2024 October 7, Philip Oltermann, “Germans decry influence of English as ‘idiot’s apostrophe’ gets official approval”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-10-09:",
          "text": "Establishments that feature their owners' names, with signs like \"Rosi's Bar\" or \"Kati's Kiosk\" are a common sight around German towns and cities, but strictly speaking they are wrong: unlike English, German does not traditionally use apostrophes to indicate the genitive case or possession.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of a grammatical case: in an inflected language (such as Greek or Latin), expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor; and in an uninflected language (such as English), expressing origin or possession; possessive."
      ],
      "id": "en-genitive-en-adj-y5EpiXX2",
      "links": [
        [
          "grammar",
          "grammar"
        ],
        [
          "grammatical case",
          "grammatical case"
        ],
        [
          "inflected",
          "inflected#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "language",
          "language#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "Greek",
          "Greek#Proper noun"
        ],
        [
          "Latin",
          "Latin#Proper noun"
        ],
        [
          "expressing",
          "express#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "thing",
          "thing"
        ],
        [
          "denote",
          "denote"
        ],
        [
          "word",
          "word#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "related",
          "relate#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "origin",
          "origin"
        ],
        [
          "possessor",
          "possessor"
        ],
        [
          "uninflected",
          "uninflected"
        ],
        [
          "English",
          "English#Proper noun"
        ],
        [
          "possession",
          "possession"
        ],
        [
          "possessive",
          "possessive#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(grammar)",
        "Of a grammatical case: in an inflected language (such as Greek or Latin), expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor; and in an uninflected language (such as English), expressing origin or possession; possessive."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "grammar",
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genitief"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "gjinore"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ʔiḍāfiyy",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "إِضَافِيّ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "jarriyy",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "جَرِّيّ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ḵafḍiyy",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "خَفْضِيّ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "seṙakan",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "սեռական"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "ast",
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "xenitivu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "yiyəlik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "eu",
          "lang": "Basque",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genitibo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "ródny",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "ро́дны"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "rodítelen",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "роди́телен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genitiu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "suǒyǒu de",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "所有的"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genitivní"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genitiv"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genitivisk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "ejefalds-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "genitief"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "omastav"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genetiivi-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genetiivinen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "génitif"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "génitive"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "xenitivo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "geniṭivi",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "გენიტივი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "natesaobiti",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "ნათესაობითი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genitivisch"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "tags": [
            "masculine",
            "rare"
          ],
          "word": "genetivisch"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "genikí",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "γενική"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "genikḗ",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "γενική"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "יחס הקניין"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "yákhas ha-kinyán",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "יַחַס הַקִּנְיָן"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "birtokos"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genitif"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "tags": [
            "in-compounds"
          ],
          "word": "eignarfalls-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "ginideach"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genitivo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "alt": "せいかく",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "note": "for Slavic",
          "roman": "seikaku",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "生格"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "alt": "ぞっかく",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "zokkaku",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "属格"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "ılık",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "ілік"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "ilik",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "илик"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genetīvus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "ģenitīvs"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genitif"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "mwl",
          "lang": "Mirandese",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genitibo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "ang",
          "lang": "Old English",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "ġeāgniġendlīċ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "ang",
          "lang": "Old English",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "ġestrīenendlīċ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "pap",
          "lang": "Papiamentu",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genitivo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "ezâfe",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "اضافه"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "dopełniacz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genitivo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genitiv"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "rodítelʹnyj",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "роди́тельный"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "ginideach"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genitívny"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "rodilniški"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genitivo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genitiv"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "tamlayan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "rodóvýj",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "родо́ви́й"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "vec",
          "lang": "Venetian",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genitivo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 60 37",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
          "word": "genidol"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Grammar",
          "orig": "en:Grammar",
          "parents": [
            "Linguistics",
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case."
      ],
      "id": "en-genitive-en-adj-OnfdU9L1",
      "links": [
        [
          "grammar",
          "grammar"
        ],
        [
          "genitive case",
          "genitive case"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(grammar)",
        "Of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "grammar",
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒɛnɪtɪv/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-genitive.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "jĕ'nətĭv",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒɛnətɪv/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "genetive"
    }
  ],
  "word": "genitive"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "adverbial genitive"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "group genitive"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "headless genitive"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "independent genitive"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "partitive genitive"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "periphrastic genitive"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "post-genitive"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Saxon genitive"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "subjective genitive"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "substantive genitive"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "adjective",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "genetif",
        "t": "pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English genetif (“pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "genetif"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman genetif",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "genetif"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French genetif",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "génitif"
      },
      "expansion": "French génitif",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "etymon"
      },
      "expansion": "etymon",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "genetīvus",
        "t": "pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin genetīvus (“pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "LL.",
        "2": "genitivus"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin genitivus",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "perfect"
      },
      "expansion": "perfect",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "passive"
      },
      "expansion": "passive",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participle"
      },
      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-",
        "t": "to beget, give birth; to produce"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth; to produce”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "genetīvus cāsus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin genetīvus cāsus",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc-koi",
        "2": "γενῐκή πτῶσις",
        "lit": "inflection expressing a genus or kind"
      },
      "expansion": "Koine Greek γενῐκή πτῶσις (genikḗ ptôsis, literally “inflection expressing a genus or kind”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "genetif",
        "t": "genitive case"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English genetif (“genitive case”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "genitif"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French genitif",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "génitif"
      },
      "expansion": "French génitif",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "genetīvus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin genetīvus",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The adjective is derived from Late Middle English genetif (“pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring”) + English -ive (suffix meaning ‘relating or belonging to’ forming adjectives). Genetif is from Anglo-Norman genetif, genitif, and Middle French genetif, genitif (“pertaining to the generation of offspring, procreative; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”) (modern French génitif), and from their etymon Latin genetīvus (“pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”) (whence Late Latin genitivus), from genitus (“begotten, engendered; produced”) + -īvus (suffix meaning ‘doing’ or ‘related to doing’ forming adjectives). Genitus is the perfect passive participle of gignō (“to beget, give birth to; to produce, yield”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth; to produce”).\nLatin genetīvus cāsus (or cāsus genetīvus, cāsus genitīvus (literally “grammatical case pertaining to birth or origin”)), was used to translate Koine Greek γενῐκή πτῶσις (genikḗ ptôsis, literally “inflection expressing a genus or kind”) which actually means “generic case”, though it refers to what is now called the genitive case.\nThe noun is derived from Late Middle English genetif (“genitive case”), from the adjective (see above). Compare Middle French genitif (modern French génitif) and Latin genetīvus (short for genetīvus cāsus (“genitive case”)).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "genitives",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "genitive (countable and uncountable, plural genitives)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grammar"
      },
      "expansion": "(grammar)",
      "name": "term-label"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "gen‧it‧ive"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "a grammatical case used to express a relationship of origin or possession",
          "word": "genitive case"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 37 5 35 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 38 3 37 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 35 2 39 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1669, J[ohn] M[ilton], “Of Cases”, in Accedence Commenc’t Grammar, […], to Attain the Latin Tongue; […], London: […] S[amuel] Simmons, […], →OCLC, page 3:",
          "text": "Nounes, Pronounes, and Participles are declin'd vvith ſix Endings, vvhich are called Caſes, both in the Singular and Plural Number. The Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accuſative, Vocative, and Ablative. […] The Genitive is Engliſht vvith this Sign of, as Libri of a Book.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Short for genitive case (“a grammatical case used to express a relationship of origin or possession”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-genitive-en-noun-lTqdS9uR",
      "links": [
        [
          "genitive case",
          "genitive case#English"
        ],
        [
          "grammatical case",
          "grammatical case"
        ],
        [
          "used",
          "use#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "express",
          "express#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "relationship",
          "relationship"
        ],
        [
          "origin",
          "origin"
        ],
        [
          "possession",
          "possession"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(countable, uncountable) Short for genitive case (“a grammatical case used to express a relationship of origin or possession”)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "grammar",
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 37 5 35 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 38 3 37 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 35 2 39 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1669, J[ohn] M[ilton], “Of Nouns”, in Accedence Commenc’t Grammar, […], to Attain the Latin Tongue; […], London: […] S[amuel] Simmons, […], →OCLC, page 5:",
          "text": "This one vvord familia joyn'd vvith pater, mater, filius, or filia, endeth the Genitive in as, as pater familias, but ſomtimes familiæ.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1894, Adolf Erman, “Nouns”, in James Henry Breasted, transl., Egyptian Grammar […], London; Edinburgh: Williams and Norgate, […], →OCLC, § 122*, page 49:",
          "text": "This older kind of genetive [i.e., the direct genetive] is apparently expressed only by the position of the two substantives, in which the governing word stands before the governed: pr:Z1-i-mn:n-A40 pr i̓mn \"House of Amon.\"",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A word inflected in the genitive case, and which thus indicates origin or possession."
      ],
      "id": "en-genitive-en-noun-SEuU48pJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "word",
          "word#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "inflect",
          "inflect"
        ],
        [
          "indicate",
          "indicate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(countable) A word inflected in the genitive case, and which thus indicates origin or possession."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "grammar",
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "39 61",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "genitiv"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "39 61",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
          "word": "genetiivi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "39 61",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
          "word": "omanto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "39 61",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "siṭq̇va natesaobit brunvaši",
          "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
          "word": "სიტყვა ნათესაობით ბრუნვაში"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "39 61",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Genitiv"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "39 61",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
          "word": "ginideach"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "39 61",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
          "tags": [
            "inanimate",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "dopełniacz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "39 61",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "genitivo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "39 61",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "genitiv"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "39 61",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "slóvo v rodítelʹnom padežé",
          "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "сло́во в роди́тельном падеже́"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "39 61",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ге̏нитӣв"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "39 61",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gȅnitīv"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "39 61",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender",
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "genitiv"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "39 61",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
          "word": "tamlayan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "39 61",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "genidol"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒɛnɪtɪv/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-genitive.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "jĕ'nətĭv",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒɛnətɪv/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "genetive"
    }
  ],
  "word": "genitive"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Middle French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms suffixed with -ive",
    "English uncomparable adjectives",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for review of Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
    "Terms with Albanian translations",
    "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Asturian translations",
    "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
    "Terms with Basque translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Estonian translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hebrew translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Icelandic translations",
    "Terms with Indonesian translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Kazakh translations",
    "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Malay translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Mirandese translations",
    "Terms with Old English translations",
    "Terms with Papiamentu translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Slovak translations",
    "Terms with Slovene translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Venetan translations",
    "Terms with Welsh translations",
    "en:Grammar",
    "en:Grammatical cases"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "genitival"
    },
    {
      "word": "genitivally"
    },
    {
      "word": "genitive absolute"
    },
    {
      "word": "genitive-accusative"
    },
    {
      "word": "genitive case"
    },
    {
      "word": "genitively"
    },
    {
      "word": "philogenitive"
    },
    {
      "word": "philogenitiveness"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "adjective",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "genetif",
        "t": "pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English genetif (“pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "genetif"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman genetif",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "genetif"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French genetif",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "génitif"
      },
      "expansion": "French génitif",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "etymon"
      },
      "expansion": "etymon",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "genetīvus",
        "t": "pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin genetīvus (“pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "LL.",
        "2": "genitivus"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin genitivus",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "perfect"
      },
      "expansion": "perfect",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "passive"
      },
      "expansion": "passive",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participle"
      },
      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-",
        "t": "to beget, give birth; to produce"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth; to produce”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "genetīvus cāsus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin genetīvus cāsus",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc-koi",
        "2": "γενῐκή πτῶσις",
        "lit": "inflection expressing a genus or kind"
      },
      "expansion": "Koine Greek γενῐκή πτῶσις (genikḗ ptôsis, literally “inflection expressing a genus or kind”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "genetif",
        "t": "genitive case"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English genetif (“genitive case”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "genitif"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French genitif",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "génitif"
      },
      "expansion": "French génitif",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "genetīvus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin genetīvus",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The adjective is derived from Late Middle English genetif (“pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring”) + English -ive (suffix meaning ‘relating or belonging to’ forming adjectives). Genetif is from Anglo-Norman genetif, genitif, and Middle French genetif, genitif (“pertaining to the generation of offspring, procreative; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”) (modern French génitif), and from their etymon Latin genetīvus (“pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”) (whence Late Latin genitivus), from genitus (“begotten, engendered; produced”) + -īvus (suffix meaning ‘doing’ or ‘related to doing’ forming adjectives). Genitus is the perfect passive participle of gignō (“to beget, give birth to; to produce, yield”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth; to produce”).\nLatin genetīvus cāsus (or cāsus genetīvus, cāsus genitīvus (literally “grammatical case pertaining to birth or origin”)), was used to translate Koine Greek γενῐκή πτῶσις (genikḗ ptôsis, literally “inflection expressing a genus or kind”) which actually means “generic case”, though it refers to what is now called the genitive case.\nThe noun is derived from Late Middle English genetif (“genitive case”), from the adjective (see above). Compare Middle French genitif (modern French génitif) and Latin genetīvus (short for genetīvus cāsus (“genitive case”)).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "genitive (not comparable)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "gen‧it‧ive"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "genital"
    },
    {
      "word": "progenitive"
    },
    {
      "word": "progeny"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with archaic senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of or pertaining to the generation of offspring; generative, procreative, reproductive."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "generation",
          "generation"
        ],
        [
          "offspring",
          "offspring"
        ],
        [
          "generative",
          "generative"
        ],
        [
          "procreative",
          "procreative"
        ],
        [
          "reproductive",
          "reproductive#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Of or pertaining to the generation of offspring; generative, procreative, reproductive."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "progenitive"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "not-comparable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with collocations",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "en:Grammar"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "dependent genitive",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "independent genitive",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "The student who had taken a German exam realised his error afterwards. He had used the dative case instead of the genitive case to show possession.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1562, Wylliam Turner [i.e., William Turner], “Of the Herbe Called in Latin Irio”, in The Second Parte of Guilliam Turners Herball⸝ […], Cologne: […] Arnold Birckman, →OCLC, folio 23, recto:",
          "text": "[T]he poticaries and barbarus wryters call it [the iris] Irios in the genetiue caſe.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1669, J[ohn] M[ilton], “Of Nouns”, in Accedence Commenc’t Grammar, […], to Attain the Latin Tongue; […], London: […] S[amuel] Simmons, […], →OCLC, page 5:",
          "text": "Nouns Subſtantive have five Declenſions or forms of ending thir Caſes, chiefly diſtinguiſht by the different ending of thir Genitive Singular. […] The firſt [declension] is vvhen the Genitive and Dative ſingular end in æ, &c., […]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2024, Geoffrey K. Pullum, The Truth About English Grammar, Polity Press, →ISBN, pages 38-39:",
          "text": "Two kinds of genitive: All nouns have a genitive form, but pronouns have two of them. The dependent genitive form is used before a head noun, and the independent genitive form (usually distinct) is used on its own but with a genitive-related meaning. […] my painting, where my is the dependent genitive of I, but That painting is mine, where mine is the independent genitive […]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2024 October 7, Philip Oltermann, “Germans decry influence of English as ‘idiot’s apostrophe’ gets official approval”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-10-09:",
          "text": "Establishments that feature their owners' names, with signs like \"Rosi's Bar\" or \"Kati's Kiosk\" are a common sight around German towns and cities, but strictly speaking they are wrong: unlike English, German does not traditionally use apostrophes to indicate the genitive case or possession.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of a grammatical case: in an inflected language (such as Greek or Latin), expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor; and in an uninflected language (such as English), expressing origin or possession; possessive."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grammar",
          "grammar"
        ],
        [
          "grammatical case",
          "grammatical case"
        ],
        [
          "inflected",
          "inflected#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "language",
          "language#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "Greek",
          "Greek#Proper noun"
        ],
        [
          "Latin",
          "Latin#Proper noun"
        ],
        [
          "expressing",
          "express#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "thing",
          "thing"
        ],
        [
          "denote",
          "denote"
        ],
        [
          "word",
          "word#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "related",
          "relate#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "origin",
          "origin"
        ],
        [
          "possessor",
          "possessor"
        ],
        [
          "uninflected",
          "uninflected"
        ],
        [
          "English",
          "English#Proper noun"
        ],
        [
          "possession",
          "possession"
        ],
        [
          "possessive",
          "possessive#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(grammar)",
        "Of a grammatical case: in an inflected language (such as Greek or Latin), expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor; and in an uninflected language (such as English), expressing origin or possession; possessive."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "grammar",
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Grammar"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grammar",
          "grammar"
        ],
        [
          "genitive case",
          "genitive case"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(grammar)",
        "Of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "grammar",
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒɛnɪtɪv/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-genitive.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "jĕ'nətĭv",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒɛnətɪv/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "genetive"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genitief"
    },
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "gjinore"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʔiḍāfiyy",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "إِضَافِيّ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "jarriyy",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "جَرِّيّ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ḵafḍiyy",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "خَفْضِيّ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "seṙakan",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "սեռական"
    },
    {
      "code": "ast",
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "xenitivu"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "yiyəlik"
    },
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genitibo"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "ródny",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "ро́дны"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "rodítelen",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "роди́телен"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genitiu"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "suǒyǒu de",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "所有的"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genitivní"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genitiv"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genitivisk"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "ejefalds-"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "genitief"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "omastav"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genetiivi-"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genetiivinen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "génitif"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "génitive"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "xenitivo"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "geniṭivi",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "გენიტივი"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "natesaobiti",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "ნათესაობითი"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genitivisch"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "rare"
      ],
      "word": "genetivisch"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "genikí",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "γενική"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "genikḗ",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "γενική"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "יחס הקניין"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "yákhas ha-kinyán",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "יַחַס הַקִּנְיָן"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "birtokos"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genitif"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds"
      ],
      "word": "eignarfalls-"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "ginideach"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genitivo"
    },
    {
      "alt": "せいかく",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "note": "for Slavic",
      "roman": "seikaku",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "生格"
    },
    {
      "alt": "ぞっかく",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "zokkaku",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "属格"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "ılık",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "ілік"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "ilik",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "илик"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genetīvus"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "ģenitīvs"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genitif"
    },
    {
      "code": "mwl",
      "lang": "Mirandese",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genitibo"
    },
    {
      "code": "ang",
      "lang": "Old English",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "ġeāgniġendlīċ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ang",
      "lang": "Old English",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "ġestrīenendlīċ"
    },
    {
      "code": "pap",
      "lang": "Papiamentu",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genitivo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "ezâfe",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "اضافه"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "dopełniacz"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genitivo"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genitiv"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "rodítelʹnyj",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "роди́тельный"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "ginideach"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genitívny"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "rodilniški"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genitivo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genitiv"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "tamlayan"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "rodóvýj",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "родо́ви́й"
    },
    {
      "code": "vec",
      "lang": "Venetian",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genitivo"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case",
      "word": "genidol"
    }
  ],
  "word": "genitive"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Middle French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms suffixed with -ive",
    "English uncomparable adjectives",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for review of Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
    "Terms with Albanian translations",
    "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Asturian translations",
    "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
    "Terms with Basque translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Estonian translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hebrew translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Icelandic translations",
    "Terms with Indonesian translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Kazakh translations",
    "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Malay translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Mirandese translations",
    "Terms with Old English translations",
    "Terms with Papiamentu translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Slovak translations",
    "Terms with Slovene translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Venetan translations",
    "Terms with Welsh translations",
    "en:Grammar",
    "en:Grammatical cases"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "adverbial genitive"
    },
    {
      "word": "group genitive"
    },
    {
      "word": "headless genitive"
    },
    {
      "word": "independent genitive"
    },
    {
      "word": "partitive genitive"
    },
    {
      "word": "periphrastic genitive"
    },
    {
      "word": "post-genitive"
    },
    {
      "word": "Saxon genitive"
    },
    {
      "word": "subjective genitive"
    },
    {
      "word": "substantive genitive"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "adjective",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "genetif",
        "t": "pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English genetif (“pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "genetif"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman genetif",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "genetif"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French genetif",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "génitif"
      },
      "expansion": "French génitif",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "etymon"
      },
      "expansion": "etymon",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "genetīvus",
        "t": "pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin genetīvus (“pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "LL.",
        "2": "genitivus"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin genitivus",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "perfect"
      },
      "expansion": "perfect",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "passive"
      },
      "expansion": "passive",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participle"
      },
      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-",
        "t": "to beget, give birth; to produce"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth; to produce”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "genetīvus cāsus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin genetīvus cāsus",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc-koi",
        "2": "γενῐκή πτῶσις",
        "lit": "inflection expressing a genus or kind"
      },
      "expansion": "Koine Greek γενῐκή πτῶσις (genikḗ ptôsis, literally “inflection expressing a genus or kind”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "genetif",
        "t": "genitive case"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English genetif (“genitive case”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "genitif"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French genitif",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "génitif"
      },
      "expansion": "French génitif",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "genetīvus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin genetīvus",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The adjective is derived from Late Middle English genetif (“pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring”) + English -ive (suffix meaning ‘relating or belonging to’ forming adjectives). Genetif is from Anglo-Norman genetif, genitif, and Middle French genetif, genitif (“pertaining to the generation of offspring, procreative; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”) (modern French génitif), and from their etymon Latin genetīvus (“pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”) (whence Late Latin genitivus), from genitus (“begotten, engendered; produced”) + -īvus (suffix meaning ‘doing’ or ‘related to doing’ forming adjectives). Genitus is the perfect passive participle of gignō (“to beget, give birth to; to produce, yield”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth; to produce”).\nLatin genetīvus cāsus (or cāsus genetīvus, cāsus genitīvus (literally “grammatical case pertaining to birth or origin”)), was used to translate Koine Greek γενῐκή πτῶσις (genikḗ ptôsis, literally “inflection expressing a genus or kind”) which actually means “generic case”, though it refers to what is now called the genitive case.\nThe noun is derived from Late Middle English genetif (“genitive case”), from the adjective (see above). Compare Middle French genitif (modern French génitif) and Latin genetīvus (short for genetīvus cāsus (“genitive case”)).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "genitives",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "genitive (countable and uncountable, plural genitives)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grammar"
      },
      "expansion": "(grammar)",
      "name": "term-label"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "gen‧it‧ive"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "a grammatical case used to express a relationship of origin or possession",
          "word": "genitive case"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "English short forms",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English uncountable nouns"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1669, J[ohn] M[ilton], “Of Cases”, in Accedence Commenc’t Grammar, […], to Attain the Latin Tongue; […], London: […] S[amuel] Simmons, […], →OCLC, page 3:",
          "text": "Nounes, Pronounes, and Participles are declin'd vvith ſix Endings, vvhich are called Caſes, both in the Singular and Plural Number. The Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accuſative, Vocative, and Ablative. […] The Genitive is Engliſht vvith this Sign of, as Libri of a Book.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Short for genitive case (“a grammatical case used to express a relationship of origin or possession”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "genitive case",
          "genitive case#English"
        ],
        [
          "grammatical case",
          "grammatical case"
        ],
        [
          "used",
          "use#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "express",
          "express#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "relationship",
          "relationship"
        ],
        [
          "origin",
          "origin"
        ],
        [
          "possession",
          "possession"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(countable, uncountable) Short for genitive case (“a grammatical case used to express a relationship of origin or possession”)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "grammar",
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1669, J[ohn] M[ilton], “Of Nouns”, in Accedence Commenc’t Grammar, […], to Attain the Latin Tongue; […], London: […] S[amuel] Simmons, […], →OCLC, page 5:",
          "text": "This one vvord familia joyn'd vvith pater, mater, filius, or filia, endeth the Genitive in as, as pater familias, but ſomtimes familiæ.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1894, Adolf Erman, “Nouns”, in James Henry Breasted, transl., Egyptian Grammar […], London; Edinburgh: Williams and Norgate, […], →OCLC, § 122*, page 49:",
          "text": "This older kind of genetive [i.e., the direct genetive] is apparently expressed only by the position of the two substantives, in which the governing word stands before the governed: pr:Z1-i-mn:n-A40 pr i̓mn \"House of Amon.\"",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A word inflected in the genitive case, and which thus indicates origin or possession."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "word",
          "word#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "inflect",
          "inflect"
        ],
        [
          "indicate",
          "indicate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(countable) A word inflected in the genitive case, and which thus indicates origin or possession."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "grammar",
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒɛnɪtɪv/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-genitive.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "jĕ'nətĭv",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒɛnətɪv/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "genetive"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "genitiv"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
      "word": "genetiivi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
      "word": "omanto"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "siṭq̇va natesaobit brunvaši",
      "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
      "word": "სიტყვა ნათესაობით ბრუნვაში"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Genitiv"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
      "word": "ginideach"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "dopełniacz"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "genitivo"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "genitiv"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "slóvo v rodítelʹnom padežé",
      "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "сло́во в роди́тельном падеже́"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ге̏нитӣв"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gȅnitīv"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "genitiv"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
      "word": "tamlayan"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "word inflected in the genitive case",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "genidol"
    }
  ],
  "word": "genitive"
}

[Show JSON error data ▼] [Hide JSON error data ▲]

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "genitive/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms suffixed with -ive\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Kyrgyz translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Mirandese translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Papiamentu translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Grammar\", \"en:Grammatical cases\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"genitival\"}, {\"word\": \"genitivally\"}, {\"word\": \"genitive absolute\"}, {\"word\": \"genitive-accusative\"}, {\"word\": \"genitive case\"}, {\"word\": \"genitively\"}, {\"word\": \"philogenitive\"}, {\"word\": \"philogenitiveness\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*ǵenh₁-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"adjective\"}, \"expansion\": \"adjective\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"genetif\", \"t\": \"pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English genetif (“pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"suffix\"}, \"expansion\": \"suffix\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"xno\", \"3\": \"genetif\"}, \"expansion\": \"Anglo-Norman genetif\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"genetif\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French genetif\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"génitif\"}, \"expansion\": \"French génitif\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"etymon\"}, \"expansion\": \"etymon\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"genetīvus\", \"t\": \"pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin genetīvus (“pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"LL.\", \"2\": \"genitivus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Late Latin genitivus\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"perfect\"}, \"expansion\": \"perfect\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"passive\"}, \"expansion\": \"passive\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"participle\"}, \"expansion\": \"participle\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*ǵenh₁-\", \"t\": \"to beget, give birth; to produce\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth; to produce”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"genetīvus cāsus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin genetīvus cāsus\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"grc-koi\", \"2\": \"γενῐκή πτῶσις\", \"lit\": \"inflection expressing a genus or kind\"}, \"expansion\": \"Koine Greek γενῐκή πτῶσις (genikḗ ptôsis, literally “inflection expressing a genus or kind”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"noun\"}, \"expansion\": \"noun\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"genetif\", \"t\": \"genitive case\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English genetif (“genitive case”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"frm\", \"2\": \"genitif\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French genitif\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"génitif\"}, \"expansion\": \"French génitif\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"genetīvus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin genetīvus\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"The adjective is derived from Late Middle English genetif (“pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring”) + English -ive (suffix meaning ‘relating or belonging to’ forming adjectives). Genetif is from Anglo-Norman genetif, genitif, and Middle French genetif, genitif (“pertaining to the generation of offspring, procreative; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”) (modern French génitif), and from their etymon Latin genetīvus (“pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”) (whence Late Latin genitivus), from genitus (“begotten, engendered; produced”) + -īvus (suffix meaning ‘doing’ or ‘related to doing’ forming adjectives). Genitus is the perfect passive participle of gignō (“to beget, give birth to; to produce, yield”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth; to produce”).\\nLatin genetīvus cāsus (or cāsus genetīvus, cāsus genitīvus (literally “grammatical case pertaining to birth or origin”)), was used to translate Koine Greek γενῐκή πτῶσις (genikḗ ptôsis, literally “inflection expressing a genus or kind”) which actually means “generic case”, though it refers to what is now called the genitive case.\\nThe noun is derived from Late Middle English genetif (“genitive case”), from the adjective (see above). Compare Middle French genitif (modern French génitif) and Latin genetīvus (short for genetīvus cāsus (“genitive case”)).\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"genitive (not comparable)\", \"name\": \"en-adj\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"gen‧it‧ive\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adj\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"genital\"}, {\"word\": \"progenitive\"}, {\"word\": \"progeny\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Of or pertaining to the generation of offspring; generative, procreative, reproductive.\"], \"links\": [[\"generation\", \"generation\"], [\"offspring\", \"offspring\"], [\"generative\", \"generative\"], [\"procreative\", \"procreative\"], [\"reproductive\", \"reproductive#Adjective\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(archaic) Of or pertaining to the generation of offspring; generative, procreative, reproductive.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"progenitive\"}], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"en:Grammar\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"dependent genitive\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"independent genitive\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"The student who had taken a German exam realised his error afterwards. He had used the dative case instead of the genitive case to show possession.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1562, Wylliam Turner [i.e., William Turner], “Of the Herbe Called in Latin Irio”, in The Second Parte of Guilliam Turners Herball⸝ […], Cologne: […] Arnold Birckman, →OCLC, folio 23, recto:\", \"text\": \"[T]he poticaries and barbarus wryters call it [the iris] Irios in the genetiue caſe.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1669, J[ohn] M[ilton], “Of Nouns”, in Accedence Commenc’t Grammar, […], to Attain the Latin Tongue; […], London: […] S[amuel] Simmons, […], →OCLC, page 5:\", \"text\": \"Nouns Subſtantive have five Declenſions or forms of ending thir Caſes, chiefly diſtinguiſht by the different ending of thir Genitive Singular. […] The firſt [declension] is vvhen the Genitive and Dative ſingular end in æ, &c., […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2024, Geoffrey K. Pullum, The Truth About English Grammar, Polity Press, →ISBN, pages 38-39:\", \"text\": \"Two kinds of genitive: All nouns have a genitive form, but pronouns have two of them. The dependent genitive form is used before a head noun, and the independent genitive form (usually distinct) is used on its own but with a genitive-related meaning. […] my painting, where my is the dependent genitive of I, but That painting is mine, where mine is the independent genitive […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2024 October 7, Philip Oltermann, “Germans decry influence of English as ‘idiot’s apostrophe’ gets official approval”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-10-09:\", \"text\": \"Establishments that feature their owners' names, with signs like \\\"Rosi's Bar\\\" or \\\"Kati's Kiosk\\\" are a common sight around German towns and cities, but strictly speaking they are wrong: unlike English, German does not traditionally use apostrophes to indicate the genitive case or possession.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Of a grammatical case: in an inflected language (such as Greek or Latin), expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor; and in an uninflected language (such as English), expressing origin or possession; possessive.\"], \"links\": [[\"grammar\", \"grammar\"], [\"grammatical case\", \"grammatical case\"], [\"inflected\", \"inflected#Adjective\"], [\"language\", \"language#Noun\"], [\"Greek\", \"Greek#Proper noun\"], [\"Latin\", \"Latin#Proper noun\"], [\"expressing\", \"express#Verb\"], [\"thing\", \"thing\"], [\"denote\", \"denote\"], [\"word\", \"word#Noun\"], [\"related\", \"relate#Verb\"], [\"origin\", \"origin\"], [\"possessor\", \"possessor\"], [\"uninflected\", \"uninflected\"], [\"English\", \"English#Proper noun\"], [\"possession\", \"possession\"], [\"possessive\", \"possessive#Adjective\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(grammar)\", \"Of a grammatical case: in an inflected language (such as Greek or Latin), expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor; and in an uninflected language (such as English), expressing origin or possession; possessive.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"], \"topics\": [\"grammar\", \"human-sciences\", \"linguistics\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Grammar\"], \"glosses\": [\"Of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case.\"], \"links\": [[\"grammar\", \"grammar\"], [\"genitive case\", \"genitive case\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(grammar)\", \"Of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"], \"topics\": [\"grammar\", \"human-sciences\", \"linguistics\", \"sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈd͡ʒɛnɪtɪv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-genitive.wav\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"jĕ'nətĭv\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈd͡ʒɛnətɪv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"genetive\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitief\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"gjinore\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔiḍāfiyy\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"إِضَافِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"jarriyy\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"جَرِّيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ḵafḍiyy\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"خَفْضِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"seṙakan\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"սեռական\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"xenitivu\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"yiyəlik\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitibo\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"ródny\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ро́дны\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"rodítelen\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"роди́телен\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitiu\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"suǒyǒu de\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"所有的\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivní\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitiv\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivisk\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ejefalds-\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"genitief\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"omastav\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genetiivi-\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genetiivinen\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"génitif\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"génitive\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"xenitivo\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"geniṭivi\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"გენიტივი\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"natesaobiti\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ნათესაობითი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivisch\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"rare\"], \"word\": \"genetivisch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"genikí\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"γενική\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"genikḗ\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"γενική\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"יחס הקניין\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"yákhas ha-kinyán\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"יַחַס הַקִּנְיָן\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"birtokos\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitif\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\"], \"word\": \"eignarfalls-\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ginideach\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivo\"}, {\"alt\": \"せいかく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"note\": \"for Slavic\", \"roman\": \"seikaku\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"生格\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぞっかく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"zokkaku\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"属格\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"ılık\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ілік\"}, {\"code\": \"ky\", \"lang\": \"Kyrgyz\", \"roman\": \"ilik\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"илик\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genetīvus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ģenitīvs\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitif\"}, {\"code\": \"mwl\", \"lang\": \"Mirandese\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitibo\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ġeāgniġendlīċ\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ġestrīenendlīċ\"}, {\"code\": \"pap\", \"lang\": \"Papiamentu\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivo\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"ezâfe\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"اضافه\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"dopełniacz\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivo\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitiv\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"rodítelʹnyj\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"роди́тельный\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ginideach\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitívny\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"rodilniški\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivo\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitiv\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"tamlayan\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"rodóvýj\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"родо́ви́й\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivo\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genidol\"}], \"word\": \"genitive\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "adj",
  "title": "genitive",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "genitive/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms suffixed with -ive\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Kyrgyz translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Mirandese translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Papiamentu translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Grammar\", \"en:Grammatical cases\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"genitival\"}, {\"word\": \"genitivally\"}, {\"word\": \"genitive absolute\"}, {\"word\": \"genitive-accusative\"}, {\"word\": \"genitive case\"}, {\"word\": \"genitively\"}, {\"word\": \"philogenitive\"}, {\"word\": \"philogenitiveness\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*ǵenh₁-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"adjective\"}, \"expansion\": \"adjective\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"genetif\", \"t\": \"pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English genetif (“pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"suffix\"}, \"expansion\": \"suffix\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"xno\", \"3\": \"genetif\"}, \"expansion\": \"Anglo-Norman genetif\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"genetif\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French genetif\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"génitif\"}, \"expansion\": \"French génitif\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"etymon\"}, \"expansion\": \"etymon\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"genetīvus\", \"t\": \"pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin genetīvus (“pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"LL.\", \"2\": \"genitivus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Late Latin genitivus\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"perfect\"}, \"expansion\": \"perfect\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"passive\"}, \"expansion\": \"passive\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"participle\"}, \"expansion\": \"participle\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*ǵenh₁-\", \"t\": \"to beget, give birth; to produce\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth; to produce”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"genetīvus cāsus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin genetīvus cāsus\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"grc-koi\", \"2\": \"γενῐκή πτῶσις\", \"lit\": \"inflection expressing a genus or kind\"}, \"expansion\": \"Koine Greek γενῐκή πτῶσις (genikḗ ptôsis, literally “inflection expressing a genus or kind”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"noun\"}, \"expansion\": \"noun\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"genetif\", \"t\": \"genitive case\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English genetif (“genitive case”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"frm\", \"2\": \"genitif\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French genitif\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"génitif\"}, \"expansion\": \"French génitif\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"genetīvus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin genetīvus\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"The adjective is derived from Late Middle English genetif (“pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring”) + English -ive (suffix meaning ‘relating or belonging to’ forming adjectives). Genetif is from Anglo-Norman genetif, genitif, and Middle French genetif, genitif (“pertaining to the generation of offspring, procreative; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”) (modern French génitif), and from their etymon Latin genetīvus (“pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”) (whence Late Latin genitivus), from genitus (“begotten, engendered; produced”) + -īvus (suffix meaning ‘doing’ or ‘related to doing’ forming adjectives). Genitus is the perfect passive participle of gignō (“to beget, give birth to; to produce, yield”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth; to produce”).\\nLatin genetīvus cāsus (or cāsus genetīvus, cāsus genitīvus (literally “grammatical case pertaining to birth or origin”)), was used to translate Koine Greek γενῐκή πτῶσις (genikḗ ptôsis, literally “inflection expressing a genus or kind”) which actually means “generic case”, though it refers to what is now called the genitive case.\\nThe noun is derived from Late Middle English genetif (“genitive case”), from the adjective (see above). Compare Middle French genitif (modern French génitif) and Latin genetīvus (short for genetīvus cāsus (“genitive case”)).\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"genitive (not comparable)\", \"name\": \"en-adj\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"gen‧it‧ive\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adj\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"genital\"}, {\"word\": \"progenitive\"}, {\"word\": \"progeny\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Of or pertaining to the generation of offspring; generative, procreative, reproductive.\"], \"links\": [[\"generation\", \"generation\"], [\"offspring\", \"offspring\"], [\"generative\", \"generative\"], [\"procreative\", \"procreative\"], [\"reproductive\", \"reproductive#Adjective\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(archaic) Of or pertaining to the generation of offspring; generative, procreative, reproductive.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"progenitive\"}], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"en:Grammar\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"dependent genitive\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"independent genitive\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"The student who had taken a German exam realised his error afterwards. He had used the dative case instead of the genitive case to show possession.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1562, Wylliam Turner [i.e., William Turner], “Of the Herbe Called in Latin Irio”, in The Second Parte of Guilliam Turners Herball⸝ […], Cologne: […] Arnold Birckman, →OCLC, folio 23, recto:\", \"text\": \"[T]he poticaries and barbarus wryters call it [the iris] Irios in the genetiue caſe.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1669, J[ohn] M[ilton], “Of Nouns”, in Accedence Commenc’t Grammar, […], to Attain the Latin Tongue; […], London: […] S[amuel] Simmons, […], →OCLC, page 5:\", \"text\": \"Nouns Subſtantive have five Declenſions or forms of ending thir Caſes, chiefly diſtinguiſht by the different ending of thir Genitive Singular. […] The firſt [declension] is vvhen the Genitive and Dative ſingular end in æ, &c., […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2024, Geoffrey K. Pullum, The Truth About English Grammar, Polity Press, →ISBN, pages 38-39:\", \"text\": \"Two kinds of genitive: All nouns have a genitive form, but pronouns have two of them. The dependent genitive form is used before a head noun, and the independent genitive form (usually distinct) is used on its own but with a genitive-related meaning. […] my painting, where my is the dependent genitive of I, but That painting is mine, where mine is the independent genitive […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2024 October 7, Philip Oltermann, “Germans decry influence of English as ‘idiot’s apostrophe’ gets official approval”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-10-09:\", \"text\": \"Establishments that feature their owners' names, with signs like \\\"Rosi's Bar\\\" or \\\"Kati's Kiosk\\\" are a common sight around German towns and cities, but strictly speaking they are wrong: unlike English, German does not traditionally use apostrophes to indicate the genitive case or possession.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Of a grammatical case: in an inflected language (such as Greek or Latin), expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor; and in an uninflected language (such as English), expressing origin or possession; possessive.\"], \"links\": [[\"grammar\", \"grammar\"], [\"grammatical case\", \"grammatical case\"], [\"inflected\", \"inflected#Adjective\"], [\"language\", \"language#Noun\"], [\"Greek\", \"Greek#Proper noun\"], [\"Latin\", \"Latin#Proper noun\"], [\"expressing\", \"express#Verb\"], [\"thing\", \"thing\"], [\"denote\", \"denote\"], [\"word\", \"word#Noun\"], [\"related\", \"relate#Verb\"], [\"origin\", \"origin\"], [\"possessor\", \"possessor\"], [\"uninflected\", \"uninflected\"], [\"English\", \"English#Proper noun\"], [\"possession\", \"possession\"], [\"possessive\", \"possessive#Adjective\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(grammar)\", \"Of a grammatical case: in an inflected language (such as Greek or Latin), expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor; and in an uninflected language (such as English), expressing origin or possession; possessive.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"], \"topics\": [\"grammar\", \"human-sciences\", \"linguistics\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Grammar\"], \"glosses\": [\"Of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case.\"], \"links\": [[\"grammar\", \"grammar\"], [\"genitive case\", \"genitive case\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(grammar)\", \"Of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"], \"topics\": [\"grammar\", \"human-sciences\", \"linguistics\", \"sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈd͡ʒɛnɪtɪv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-genitive.wav\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"jĕ'nətĭv\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈd͡ʒɛnətɪv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"genetive\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitief\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"gjinore\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔiḍāfiyy\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"إِضَافِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"jarriyy\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"جَرِّيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ḵafḍiyy\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"خَفْضِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"seṙakan\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"սեռական\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"xenitivu\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"yiyəlik\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitibo\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"ródny\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ро́дны\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"rodítelen\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"роди́телен\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitiu\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"suǒyǒu de\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"所有的\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivní\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitiv\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivisk\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ejefalds-\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"genitief\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"omastav\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genetiivi-\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genetiivinen\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"génitif\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"génitive\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"xenitivo\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"geniṭivi\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"გენიტივი\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"natesaobiti\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ნათესაობითი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivisch\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"rare\"], \"word\": \"genetivisch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"genikí\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"γενική\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"genikḗ\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"γενική\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"יחס הקניין\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"yákhas ha-kinyán\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"יַחַס הַקִּנְיָן\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"birtokos\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitif\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\"], \"word\": \"eignarfalls-\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ginideach\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivo\"}, {\"alt\": \"せいかく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"note\": \"for Slavic\", \"roman\": \"seikaku\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"生格\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぞっかく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"zokkaku\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"属格\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"ılık\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ілік\"}, {\"code\": \"ky\", \"lang\": \"Kyrgyz\", \"roman\": \"ilik\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"илик\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genetīvus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ģenitīvs\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitif\"}, {\"code\": \"mwl\", \"lang\": \"Mirandese\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitibo\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ġeāgniġendlīċ\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ġestrīenendlīċ\"}, {\"code\": \"pap\", \"lang\": \"Papiamentu\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivo\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"ezâfe\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"اضافه\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"dopełniacz\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivo\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitiv\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"rodítelʹnyj\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"роди́тельный\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ginideach\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitívny\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"rodilniški\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivo\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitiv\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"tamlayan\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"rodóvýj\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"родо́ви́й\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivo\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genidol\"}], \"word\": \"genitive\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "adj",
  "title": "genitive",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "genitive/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms suffixed with -ive\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Kyrgyz translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Mirandese translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Papiamentu translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Grammar\", \"en:Grammatical cases\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"genitival\"}, {\"word\": \"genitivally\"}, {\"word\": \"genitive absolute\"}, {\"word\": \"genitive-accusative\"}, {\"word\": \"genitive case\"}, {\"word\": \"genitively\"}, {\"word\": \"philogenitive\"}, {\"word\": \"philogenitiveness\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*ǵenh₁-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"adjective\"}, \"expansion\": \"adjective\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"genetif\", \"t\": \"pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English genetif (“pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"suffix\"}, \"expansion\": \"suffix\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"xno\", \"3\": \"genetif\"}, \"expansion\": \"Anglo-Norman genetif\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"genetif\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French genetif\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"génitif\"}, \"expansion\": \"French génitif\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"etymon\"}, \"expansion\": \"etymon\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"genetīvus\", \"t\": \"pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin genetīvus (“pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"LL.\", \"2\": \"genitivus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Late Latin genitivus\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"perfect\"}, \"expansion\": \"perfect\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"passive\"}, \"expansion\": \"passive\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"participle\"}, \"expansion\": \"participle\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*ǵenh₁-\", \"t\": \"to beget, give birth; to produce\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth; to produce”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"genetīvus cāsus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin genetīvus cāsus\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"grc-koi\", \"2\": \"γενῐκή πτῶσις\", \"lit\": \"inflection expressing a genus or kind\"}, \"expansion\": \"Koine Greek γενῐκή πτῶσις (genikḗ ptôsis, literally “inflection expressing a genus or kind”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"noun\"}, \"expansion\": \"noun\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"genetif\", \"t\": \"genitive case\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English genetif (“genitive case”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"frm\", \"2\": \"genitif\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French genitif\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"génitif\"}, \"expansion\": \"French génitif\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"genetīvus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin genetīvus\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"The adjective is derived from Late Middle English genetif (“pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring”) + English -ive (suffix meaning ‘relating or belonging to’ forming adjectives). Genetif is from Anglo-Norman genetif, genitif, and Middle French genetif, genitif (“pertaining to the generation of offspring, procreative; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”) (modern French génitif), and from their etymon Latin genetīvus (“pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”) (whence Late Latin genitivus), from genitus (“begotten, engendered; produced”) + -īvus (suffix meaning ‘doing’ or ‘related to doing’ forming adjectives). Genitus is the perfect passive participle of gignō (“to beget, give birth to; to produce, yield”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth; to produce”).\\nLatin genetīvus cāsus (or cāsus genetīvus, cāsus genitīvus (literally “grammatical case pertaining to birth or origin”)), was used to translate Koine Greek γενῐκή πτῶσις (genikḗ ptôsis, literally “inflection expressing a genus or kind”) which actually means “generic case”, though it refers to what is now called the genitive case.\\nThe noun is derived from Late Middle English genetif (“genitive case”), from the adjective (see above). Compare Middle French genitif (modern French génitif) and Latin genetīvus (short for genetīvus cāsus (“genitive case”)).\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"genitive (not comparable)\", \"name\": \"en-adj\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"gen‧it‧ive\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adj\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"genital\"}, {\"word\": \"progenitive\"}, {\"word\": \"progeny\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Of or pertaining to the generation of offspring; generative, procreative, reproductive.\"], \"links\": [[\"generation\", \"generation\"], [\"offspring\", \"offspring\"], [\"generative\", \"generative\"], [\"procreative\", \"procreative\"], [\"reproductive\", \"reproductive#Adjective\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(archaic) Of or pertaining to the generation of offspring; generative, procreative, reproductive.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"progenitive\"}], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"en:Grammar\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"dependent genitive\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"independent genitive\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"The student who had taken a German exam realised his error afterwards. He had used the dative case instead of the genitive case to show possession.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1562, Wylliam Turner [i.e., William Turner], “Of the Herbe Called in Latin Irio”, in The Second Parte of Guilliam Turners Herball⸝ […], Cologne: […] Arnold Birckman, →OCLC, folio 23, recto:\", \"text\": \"[T]he poticaries and barbarus wryters call it [the iris] Irios in the genetiue caſe.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1669, J[ohn] M[ilton], “Of Nouns”, in Accedence Commenc’t Grammar, […], to Attain the Latin Tongue; […], London: […] S[amuel] Simmons, […], →OCLC, page 5:\", \"text\": \"Nouns Subſtantive have five Declenſions or forms of ending thir Caſes, chiefly diſtinguiſht by the different ending of thir Genitive Singular. […] The firſt [declension] is vvhen the Genitive and Dative ſingular end in æ, &c., […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2024, Geoffrey K. Pullum, The Truth About English Grammar, Polity Press, →ISBN, pages 38-39:\", \"text\": \"Two kinds of genitive: All nouns have a genitive form, but pronouns have two of them. The dependent genitive form is used before a head noun, and the independent genitive form (usually distinct) is used on its own but with a genitive-related meaning. […] my painting, where my is the dependent genitive of I, but That painting is mine, where mine is the independent genitive […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2024 October 7, Philip Oltermann, “Germans decry influence of English as ‘idiot’s apostrophe’ gets official approval”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-10-09:\", \"text\": \"Establishments that feature their owners' names, with signs like \\\"Rosi's Bar\\\" or \\\"Kati's Kiosk\\\" are a common sight around German towns and cities, but strictly speaking they are wrong: unlike English, German does not traditionally use apostrophes to indicate the genitive case or possession.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Of a grammatical case: in an inflected language (such as Greek or Latin), expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor; and in an uninflected language (such as English), expressing origin or possession; possessive.\"], \"links\": [[\"grammar\", \"grammar\"], [\"grammatical case\", \"grammatical case\"], [\"inflected\", \"inflected#Adjective\"], [\"language\", \"language#Noun\"], [\"Greek\", \"Greek#Proper noun\"], [\"Latin\", \"Latin#Proper noun\"], [\"expressing\", \"express#Verb\"], [\"thing\", \"thing\"], [\"denote\", \"denote\"], [\"word\", \"word#Noun\"], [\"related\", \"relate#Verb\"], [\"origin\", \"origin\"], [\"possessor\", \"possessor\"], [\"uninflected\", \"uninflected\"], [\"English\", \"English#Proper noun\"], [\"possession\", \"possession\"], [\"possessive\", \"possessive#Adjective\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(grammar)\", \"Of a grammatical case: in an inflected language (such as Greek or Latin), expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor; and in an uninflected language (such as English), expressing origin or possession; possessive.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"], \"topics\": [\"grammar\", \"human-sciences\", \"linguistics\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Grammar\"], \"glosses\": [\"Of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case.\"], \"links\": [[\"grammar\", \"grammar\"], [\"genitive case\", \"genitive case\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(grammar)\", \"Of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"], \"topics\": [\"grammar\", \"human-sciences\", \"linguistics\", \"sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈd͡ʒɛnɪtɪv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-genitive.wav\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"jĕ'nətĭv\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈd͡ʒɛnətɪv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"genetive\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitief\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"gjinore\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔiḍāfiyy\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"إِضَافِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"jarriyy\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"جَرِّيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ḵafḍiyy\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"خَفْضِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"seṙakan\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"սեռական\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"xenitivu\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"yiyəlik\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitibo\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"ródny\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ро́дны\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"rodítelen\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"роди́телен\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitiu\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"suǒyǒu de\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"所有的\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivní\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitiv\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivisk\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ejefalds-\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"genitief\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"omastav\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genetiivi-\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genetiivinen\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"génitif\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"génitive\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"xenitivo\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"geniṭivi\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"გენიტივი\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"natesaobiti\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ნათესაობითი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivisch\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"rare\"], \"word\": \"genetivisch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"genikí\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"γενική\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"genikḗ\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"γενική\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"יחס הקניין\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"yákhas ha-kinyán\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"יַחַס הַקִּנְיָן\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"birtokos\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitif\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"in-compounds\"], \"word\": \"eignarfalls-\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ginideach\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivo\"}, {\"alt\": \"せいかく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"note\": \"for Slavic\", \"roman\": \"seikaku\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"生格\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぞっかく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"zokkaku\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"属格\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"ılık\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ілік\"}, {\"code\": \"ky\", \"lang\": \"Kyrgyz\", \"roman\": \"ilik\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"илик\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genetīvus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ģenitīvs\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitif\"}, {\"code\": \"mwl\", \"lang\": \"Mirandese\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitibo\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ġeāgniġendlīċ\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ġestrīenendlīċ\"}, {\"code\": \"pap\", \"lang\": \"Papiamentu\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivo\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"ezâfe\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"اضافه\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"dopełniacz\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivo\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitiv\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"rodítelʹnyj\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"роди́тельный\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ginideach\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitívny\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"rodilniški\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivo\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitiv\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"tamlayan\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"rodóvýj\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"родо́ви́й\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetian\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genitivo\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"of a grammatical case: expressing that a thing denoted by a word is related to a thing denoted by another word as its origin or possessor, or expressing origin or possession; of, pertaining to, or used in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genidol\"}], \"word\": \"genitive\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "adj",
  "title": "genitive",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "genitive/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms suffixed with -ive\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Kyrgyz translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Mirandese translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Papiamentu translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Grammar\", \"en:Grammatical cases\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"adverbial genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"group genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"headless genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"independent genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"partitive genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"periphrastic genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"post-genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"Saxon genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"subjective genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"substantive genitive\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*ǵenh₁-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"adjective\"}, \"expansion\": \"adjective\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"genetif\", \"t\": \"pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English genetif (“pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"suffix\"}, \"expansion\": \"suffix\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"xno\", \"3\": \"genetif\"}, \"expansion\": \"Anglo-Norman genetif\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"genetif\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French genetif\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"génitif\"}, \"expansion\": \"French génitif\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"etymon\"}, \"expansion\": \"etymon\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"genetīvus\", \"t\": \"pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin genetīvus (“pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"LL.\", \"2\": \"genitivus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Late Latin genitivus\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"perfect\"}, \"expansion\": \"perfect\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"passive\"}, \"expansion\": \"passive\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"participle\"}, \"expansion\": \"participle\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*ǵenh₁-\", \"t\": \"to beget, give birth; to produce\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth; to produce”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"genetīvus cāsus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin genetīvus cāsus\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"grc-koi\", \"2\": \"γενῐκή πτῶσις\", \"lit\": \"inflection expressing a genus or kind\"}, \"expansion\": \"Koine Greek γενῐκή πτῶσις (genikḗ ptôsis, literally “inflection expressing a genus or kind”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"noun\"}, \"expansion\": \"noun\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"genetif\", \"t\": \"genitive case\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English genetif (“genitive case”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"frm\", \"2\": \"genitif\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French genitif\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"génitif\"}, \"expansion\": \"French génitif\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"genetīvus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin genetīvus\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"The adjective is derived from Late Middle English genetif (“pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring”) + English -ive (suffix meaning ‘relating or belonging to’ forming adjectives). Genetif is from Anglo-Norman genetif, genitif, and Middle French genetif, genitif (“pertaining to the generation of offspring, procreative; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”) (modern French génitif), and from their etymon Latin genetīvus (“pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”) (whence Late Latin genitivus), from genitus (“begotten, engendered; produced”) + -īvus (suffix meaning ‘doing’ or ‘related to doing’ forming adjectives). Genitus is the perfect passive participle of gignō (“to beget, give birth to; to produce, yield”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth; to produce”).\\nLatin genetīvus cāsus (or cāsus genetīvus, cāsus genitīvus (literally “grammatical case pertaining to birth or origin”)), was used to translate Koine Greek γενῐκή πτῶσις (genikḗ ptôsis, literally “inflection expressing a genus or kind”) which actually means “generic case”, though it refers to what is now called the genitive case.\\nThe noun is derived from Late Middle English genetif (“genitive case”), from the adjective (see above). Compare Middle French genitif (modern French génitif) and Latin genetīvus (short for genetīvus cāsus (“genitive case”)).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"genitives\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"genitive (countable and uncountable, plural genitives)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"grammar\"}, \"expansion\": \"(grammar)\", \"name\": \"term-label\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"gen‧it‧ive\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"a grammatical case used to express a relationship of origin or possession\", \"word\": \"genitive case\"}], \"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English short forms\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English uncountable nouns\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1669, J[ohn] M[ilton], “Of Cases”, in Accedence Commenc’t Grammar, […], to Attain the Latin Tongue; […], London: […] S[amuel] Simmons, […], →OCLC, page 3:\", \"text\": \"Nounes, Pronounes, and Participles are declin'd vvith ſix Endings, vvhich are called Caſes, both in the Singular and Plural Number. The Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accuſative, Vocative, and Ablative. […] The Genitive is Engliſht vvith this Sign of, as Libri of a Book.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Short for genitive case (“a grammatical case used to express a relationship of origin or possession”).\"], \"links\": [[\"genitive case\", \"genitive case#English\"], [\"grammatical case\", \"grammatical case\"], [\"used\", \"use#Verb\"], [\"express\", \"express#Verb\"], [\"relationship\", \"relationship\"], [\"origin\", \"origin\"], [\"possession\", \"possession\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(countable, uncountable) Short for genitive case (“a grammatical case used to express a relationship of origin or possession”).\"], \"tags\": [\"abbreviation\", \"alt-of\", \"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"grammar\", \"human-sciences\", \"linguistics\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1669, J[ohn] M[ilton], “Of Nouns”, in Accedence Commenc’t Grammar, […], to Attain the Latin Tongue; […], London: […] S[amuel] Simmons, […], →OCLC, page 5:\", \"text\": \"This one vvord familia joyn'd vvith pater, mater, filius, or filia, endeth the Genitive in as, as pater familias, but ſomtimes familiæ.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1894, Adolf Erman, “Nouns”, in James Henry Breasted, transl., Egyptian Grammar […], London; Edinburgh: Williams and Norgate, […], →OCLC, § 122*, page 49:\", \"text\": \"This older kind of genetive [i.e., the direct genetive] is apparently expressed only by the position of the two substantives, in which the governing word stands before the governed: pr:Z1-i-mn:n-A40 pr i̓mn \\\"House of Amon.\\\"\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A word inflected in the genitive case, and which thus indicates origin or possession.\"], \"links\": [[\"word\", \"word#Noun\"], [\"inflect\", \"inflect\"], [\"indicate\", \"indicate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(countable) A word inflected in the genitive case, and which thus indicates origin or possession.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\"], \"topics\": [\"grammar\", \"human-sciences\", \"linguistics\", \"sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈd͡ʒɛnɪtɪv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-genitive.wav\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"jĕ'nətĭv\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈd͡ʒɛnətɪv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"genetive\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"genitiv\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genetiivi\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"omanto\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"siṭq̇va natesaobit brunvaši\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"სიტყვა ნათესაობით ბრუნვაში\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Genitiv\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ginideach\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"dopełniacz\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"genitivo\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"genitiv\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"slóvo v rodítelʹnom padežé\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"сло́во в роди́тельном падеже́\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ге̏нитӣв\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"gȅnitīv\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"genitiv\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"tamlayan\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"genidol\"}], \"word\": \"genitive\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "genitive",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "genitive/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms suffixed with -ive\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Kyrgyz translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Mirandese translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Papiamentu translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Grammar\", \"en:Grammatical cases\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"adverbial genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"group genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"headless genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"independent genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"partitive genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"periphrastic genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"post-genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"Saxon genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"subjective genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"substantive genitive\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*ǵenh₁-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"adjective\"}, \"expansion\": \"adjective\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"genetif\", \"t\": \"pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English genetif (“pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"suffix\"}, \"expansion\": \"suffix\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"xno\", \"3\": \"genetif\"}, \"expansion\": \"Anglo-Norman genetif\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"genetif\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French genetif\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"génitif\"}, \"expansion\": \"French génitif\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"etymon\"}, \"expansion\": \"etymon\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"genetīvus\", \"t\": \"pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin genetīvus (“pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"LL.\", \"2\": \"genitivus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Late Latin genitivus\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"perfect\"}, \"expansion\": \"perfect\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"passive\"}, \"expansion\": \"passive\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"participle\"}, \"expansion\": \"participle\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*ǵenh₁-\", \"t\": \"to beget, give birth; to produce\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth; to produce”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"genetīvus cāsus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin genetīvus cāsus\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"grc-koi\", \"2\": \"γενῐκή πτῶσις\", \"lit\": \"inflection expressing a genus or kind\"}, \"expansion\": \"Koine Greek γενῐκή πτῶσις (genikḗ ptôsis, literally “inflection expressing a genus or kind”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"noun\"}, \"expansion\": \"noun\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"genetif\", \"t\": \"genitive case\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English genetif (“genitive case”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"frm\", \"2\": \"genitif\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French genitif\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"génitif\"}, \"expansion\": \"French génitif\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"genetīvus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin genetīvus\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"The adjective is derived from Late Middle English genetif (“pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring”) + English -ive (suffix meaning ‘relating or belonging to’ forming adjectives). Genetif is from Anglo-Norman genetif, genitif, and Middle French genetif, genitif (“pertaining to the generation of offspring, procreative; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”) (modern French génitif), and from their etymon Latin genetīvus (“pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”) (whence Late Latin genitivus), from genitus (“begotten, engendered; produced”) + -īvus (suffix meaning ‘doing’ or ‘related to doing’ forming adjectives). Genitus is the perfect passive participle of gignō (“to beget, give birth to; to produce, yield”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth; to produce”).\\nLatin genetīvus cāsus (or cāsus genetīvus, cāsus genitīvus (literally “grammatical case pertaining to birth or origin”)), was used to translate Koine Greek γενῐκή πτῶσις (genikḗ ptôsis, literally “inflection expressing a genus or kind”) which actually means “generic case”, though it refers to what is now called the genitive case.\\nThe noun is derived from Late Middle English genetif (“genitive case”), from the adjective (see above). Compare Middle French genitif (modern French génitif) and Latin genetīvus (short for genetīvus cāsus (“genitive case”)).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"genitives\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"genitive (countable and uncountable, plural genitives)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"grammar\"}, \"expansion\": \"(grammar)\", \"name\": \"term-label\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"gen‧it‧ive\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"a grammatical case used to express a relationship of origin or possession\", \"word\": \"genitive case\"}], \"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English short forms\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English uncountable nouns\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1669, J[ohn] M[ilton], “Of Cases”, in Accedence Commenc’t Grammar, […], to Attain the Latin Tongue; […], London: […] S[amuel] Simmons, […], →OCLC, page 3:\", \"text\": \"Nounes, Pronounes, and Participles are declin'd vvith ſix Endings, vvhich are called Caſes, both in the Singular and Plural Number. The Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accuſative, Vocative, and Ablative. […] The Genitive is Engliſht vvith this Sign of, as Libri of a Book.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Short for genitive case (“a grammatical case used to express a relationship of origin or possession”).\"], \"links\": [[\"genitive case\", \"genitive case#English\"], [\"grammatical case\", \"grammatical case\"], [\"used\", \"use#Verb\"], [\"express\", \"express#Verb\"], [\"relationship\", \"relationship\"], [\"origin\", \"origin\"], [\"possession\", \"possession\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(countable, uncountable) Short for genitive case (“a grammatical case used to express a relationship of origin or possession”).\"], \"tags\": [\"abbreviation\", \"alt-of\", \"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"grammar\", \"human-sciences\", \"linguistics\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1669, J[ohn] M[ilton], “Of Nouns”, in Accedence Commenc’t Grammar, […], to Attain the Latin Tongue; […], London: […] S[amuel] Simmons, […], →OCLC, page 5:\", \"text\": \"This one vvord familia joyn'd vvith pater, mater, filius, or filia, endeth the Genitive in as, as pater familias, but ſomtimes familiæ.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1894, Adolf Erman, “Nouns”, in James Henry Breasted, transl., Egyptian Grammar […], London; Edinburgh: Williams and Norgate, […], →OCLC, § 122*, page 49:\", \"text\": \"This older kind of genetive [i.e., the direct genetive] is apparently expressed only by the position of the two substantives, in which the governing word stands before the governed: pr:Z1-i-mn:n-A40 pr i̓mn \\\"House of Amon.\\\"\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A word inflected in the genitive case, and which thus indicates origin or possession.\"], \"links\": [[\"word\", \"word#Noun\"], [\"inflect\", \"inflect\"], [\"indicate\", \"indicate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(countable) A word inflected in the genitive case, and which thus indicates origin or possession.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\"], \"topics\": [\"grammar\", \"human-sciences\", \"linguistics\", \"sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈd͡ʒɛnɪtɪv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-genitive.wav\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"jĕ'nətĭv\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈd͡ʒɛnətɪv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"genetive\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"genitiv\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genetiivi\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"omanto\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"siṭq̇va natesaobit brunvaši\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"სიტყვა ნათესაობით ბრუნვაში\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Genitiv\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ginideach\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"dopełniacz\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"genitivo\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"genitiv\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"slóvo v rodítelʹnom padežé\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"сло́во в роди́тельном падеже́\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ге̏нитӣв\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"gȅnitīv\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"genitiv\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"tamlayan\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"genidol\"}], \"word\": \"genitive\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "genitive",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "genitive/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms suffixed with -ive\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Kyrgyz translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Mirandese translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Papiamentu translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Grammar\", \"en:Grammatical cases\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"adverbial genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"group genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"headless genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"independent genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"partitive genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"periphrastic genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"post-genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"Saxon genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"subjective genitive\"}, {\"word\": \"substantive genitive\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*ǵenh₁-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"adjective\"}, \"expansion\": \"adjective\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"genetif\", \"t\": \"pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English genetif (“pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"suffix\"}, \"expansion\": \"suffix\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"xno\", \"3\": \"genetif\"}, \"expansion\": \"Anglo-Norman genetif\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"genetif\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French genetif\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"génitif\"}, \"expansion\": \"French génitif\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"etymon\"}, \"expansion\": \"etymon\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"genetīvus\", \"t\": \"pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin genetīvus (“pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"LL.\", \"2\": \"genitivus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Late Latin genitivus\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"perfect\"}, \"expansion\": \"perfect\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"passive\"}, \"expansion\": \"passive\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"participle\"}, \"expansion\": \"participle\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*ǵenh₁-\", \"t\": \"to beget, give birth; to produce\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth; to produce”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"genetīvus cāsus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin genetīvus cāsus\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"grc-koi\", \"2\": \"γενῐκή πτῶσις\", \"lit\": \"inflection expressing a genus or kind\"}, \"expansion\": \"Koine Greek γενῐκή πτῶσις (genikḗ ptôsis, literally “inflection expressing a genus or kind”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"noun\"}, \"expansion\": \"noun\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"genetif\", \"t\": \"genitive case\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English genetif (“genitive case”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"frm\", \"2\": \"genitif\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French genitif\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"génitif\"}, \"expansion\": \"French génitif\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"genetīvus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin genetīvus\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"The adjective is derived from Late Middle English genetif (“pertaining to the genitive case; pertaining to the generation of offspring”) + English -ive (suffix meaning ‘relating or belonging to’ forming adjectives). Genetif is from Anglo-Norman genetif, genitif, and Middle French genetif, genitif (“pertaining to the generation of offspring, procreative; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”) (modern French génitif), and from their etymon Latin genetīvus (“pertaining to the generation of offspring; (grammar) pertaining to the genitive case”) (whence Late Latin genitivus), from genitus (“begotten, engendered; produced”) + -īvus (suffix meaning ‘doing’ or ‘related to doing’ forming adjectives). Genitus is the perfect passive participle of gignō (“to beget, give birth to; to produce, yield”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth; to produce”).\\nLatin genetīvus cāsus (or cāsus genetīvus, cāsus genitīvus (literally “grammatical case pertaining to birth or origin”)), was used to translate Koine Greek γενῐκή πτῶσις (genikḗ ptôsis, literally “inflection expressing a genus or kind”) which actually means “generic case”, though it refers to what is now called the genitive case.\\nThe noun is derived from Late Middle English genetif (“genitive case”), from the adjective (see above). Compare Middle French genitif (modern French génitif) and Latin genetīvus (short for genetīvus cāsus (“genitive case”)).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"genitives\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"genitive (countable and uncountable, plural genitives)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"grammar\"}, \"expansion\": \"(grammar)\", \"name\": \"term-label\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"gen‧it‧ive\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"a grammatical case used to express a relationship of origin or possession\", \"word\": \"genitive case\"}], \"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English short forms\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English uncountable nouns\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1669, J[ohn] M[ilton], “Of Cases”, in Accedence Commenc’t Grammar, […], to Attain the Latin Tongue; […], London: […] S[amuel] Simmons, […], →OCLC, page 3:\", \"text\": \"Nounes, Pronounes, and Participles are declin'd vvith ſix Endings, vvhich are called Caſes, both in the Singular and Plural Number. The Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accuſative, Vocative, and Ablative. […] The Genitive is Engliſht vvith this Sign of, as Libri of a Book.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Short for genitive case (“a grammatical case used to express a relationship of origin or possession”).\"], \"links\": [[\"genitive case\", \"genitive case#English\"], [\"grammatical case\", \"grammatical case\"], [\"used\", \"use#Verb\"], [\"express\", \"express#Verb\"], [\"relationship\", \"relationship\"], [\"origin\", \"origin\"], [\"possession\", \"possession\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(countable, uncountable) Short for genitive case (“a grammatical case used to express a relationship of origin or possession”).\"], \"tags\": [\"abbreviation\", \"alt-of\", \"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"grammar\", \"human-sciences\", \"linguistics\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1669, J[ohn] M[ilton], “Of Nouns”, in Accedence Commenc’t Grammar, […], to Attain the Latin Tongue; […], London: […] S[amuel] Simmons, […], →OCLC, page 5:\", \"text\": \"This one vvord familia joyn'd vvith pater, mater, filius, or filia, endeth the Genitive in as, as pater familias, but ſomtimes familiæ.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1894, Adolf Erman, “Nouns”, in James Henry Breasted, transl., Egyptian Grammar […], London; Edinburgh: Williams and Norgate, […], →OCLC, § 122*, page 49:\", \"text\": \"This older kind of genetive [i.e., the direct genetive] is apparently expressed only by the position of the two substantives, in which the governing word stands before the governed: pr:Z1-i-mn:n-A40 pr i̓mn \\\"House of Amon.\\\"\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A word inflected in the genitive case, and which thus indicates origin or possession.\"], \"links\": [[\"word\", \"word#Noun\"], [\"inflect\", \"inflect\"], [\"indicate\", \"indicate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(countable) A word inflected in the genitive case, and which thus indicates origin or possession.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\"], \"topics\": [\"grammar\", \"human-sciences\", \"linguistics\", \"sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈd͡ʒɛnɪtɪv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-genitive.wav\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-genitive.wav.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"jĕ'nətĭv\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈd͡ʒɛnətɪv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"genetive\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"genitiv\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"genetiivi\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"omanto\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"siṭq̇va natesaobit brunvaši\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"სიტყვა ნათესაობით ბრუნვაში\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Genitiv\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"ginideach\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"dopełniacz\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"genitivo\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"genitiv\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"slóvo v rodítelʹnom padežé\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"сло́во в роди́тельном падеже́\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ге̏нитӣв\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"gȅnitīv\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"genitiv\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"word\": \"tamlayan\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"word inflected in the genitive case\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"genidol\"}], \"word\": \"genitive\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "genitive",
  "trace": ""
}

"genitive" meaning in English

Adjective

Noun

Inflected forms

Alternative forms