See fume in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for fume meaning in English (19.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "exhaust fume"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fume cupboard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fume date"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fume hood"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "fume"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fume",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fum",
"4": "",
"5": "smoke, steam, vapour"
},
"expansion": "Old French fum (“smoke, steam, vapour”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "fūmus",
"4": "",
"5": "vapour, smoke"
},
"expansion": "Latin fūmus (“vapour, smoke”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰuh₂mós",
"4": "",
"5": "smoke"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰewh₂-",
"3": "",
"4": "to smoke, raise dust"
},
"expansion": "*dʰewh₂- (“to smoke, raise dust”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thymus",
"3": "thymos"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of thymus and thymos",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dun"
},
"expansion": "dun",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dusk"
},
"expansion": "dusk",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dust"
},
"expansion": "dust",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English fume, from Old French fum (“smoke, steam, vapour”), from Latin fūmus (“vapour, smoke”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”), from *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke, raise dust”). Doublet of thymus and thymos. More at dun, dusk, dust.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fumes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fume (plural fumes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 8 5 3 15 3 9 17 4 4 3 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Combustion",
"orig": "en:Combustion",
"parents": [
"Chemical processes",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Don't stand around in there breathing the fumes while the adhesive cures.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1753, Thomas Warton, Ode",
"text": "the fumes of new-shorn hay",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A gas or vapour/vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale."
],
"id": "en-fume-en-noun-50WT82bN",
"links": [
[
"gas",
"gas"
],
[
"vapour",
"vapour"
],
[
"vapor",
"vapor"
],
[
"inhale",
"inhale"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "82 8 2 3 3 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dim",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дим"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 8 2 3 3 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izparenie",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "изпарение"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 8 2 3 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dúqì",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"word": "毒气"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 8 2 3 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "from burning or smoldering",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"word": "käry"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 8 2 3 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"english": "vapor",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"word": "höyry"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 8 2 3 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"english": "cold vapor",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"word": "huuru"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 8 2 3 3 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fume"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 8 2 3 3 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vapor"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 8 2 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rauch"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 8 2 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Qualm"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 8 2 3 3 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fumo"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 8 2 3 3 2",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"word": "wasap"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 8 2 3 3 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"word": "hau kino"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 8 2 3 3 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "opar"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 8 2 3 3 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vapor"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 8 2 3 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "isparenije",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "испарение"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 8 2 3 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "humo"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 8 2 3 3 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "duman"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 41 9 1 8 3 18 3 1 2 2 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 27 5 3 4 3 10 5 3 4 3 14",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Gases",
"orig": "en:Gases",
"parents": [
"Matter",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 28 6 3 5 3 12 6 4 4 3 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Matter",
"orig": "en:Matter",
"parents": [
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Lead fume is a greyish powder, mainly comprising lead sulfate.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A material that has been vaporized from the solid or liquid state to the gas state and re-coalesced to the solid state."
],
"id": "en-fume-en-noun-b6bmiPm1",
"links": [
[
"solid",
"solid"
],
[
"liquid",
"liquid"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 88 4 1 4 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "material that has re-coalesced to the solid state",
"word": "härme"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 88 4 1 4 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "material that has re-coalesced to the solid state",
"word": "is"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Rage or excitement which deprives the mind of self-control."
],
"id": "en-fume-en-noun-HVf69kZU",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 3 2 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "jad",
"sense": "rage or excitement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "яд"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 3 2 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vǎzbuda",
"sense": "rage or excitement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "възбуда"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 88 3 2 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "rage or excitement",
"word": "kiihko"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Anything unsubstantial or airy; idle conceit; vain imagination."
],
"id": "en-fume-en-noun-GP7ysEF2",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 97 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "anything unsubstantial or airy",
"word": "houre"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 8 5 3 15 3 9 17 4 4 3 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Combustion",
"orig": "en:Combustion",
"parents": [
"Chemical processes",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The incense of praise; inordinate flattery."
],
"id": "en-fume-en-noun-tot66gCr",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 3 1 1 93 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "incense of praise; inordinate flattery",
"word": "hehkutus"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A passionate person."
],
"id": "en-fume-en-noun-BbriTNPx",
"links": [
[
"passionate",
"passionate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A passionate person."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fjuːm/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-fume.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/En-us-fume.ogg/En-us-fume.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/En-us-fume.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "fume"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fuming sulfuric acid"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "fume"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fume",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fum",
"4": "",
"5": "smoke, steam, vapour"
},
"expansion": "Old French fum (“smoke, steam, vapour”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "fūmus",
"4": "",
"5": "vapour, smoke"
},
"expansion": "Latin fūmus (“vapour, smoke”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰuh₂mós",
"4": "",
"5": "smoke"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰewh₂-",
"3": "",
"4": "to smoke, raise dust"
},
"expansion": "*dʰewh₂- (“to smoke, raise dust”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thymus",
"3": "thymos"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of thymus and thymos",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dun"
},
"expansion": "dun",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dusk"
},
"expansion": "dusk",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dust"
},
"expansion": "dust",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English fume, from Old French fum (“smoke, steam, vapour”), from Latin fūmus (“vapour, smoke”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”), from *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke, raise dust”). Doublet of thymus and thymos. More at dun, dusk, dust.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fumes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fumed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "fumed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fume (third-person singular simple present fumes, present participle fuming, simple past and past participle fumed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To expose (something) to fumes; specifically, to expose wood, etc., to ammonia in order to produce dark tints."
],
"id": "en-fume-en-verb-EPw39v1b",
"links": [
[
"expose",
"expose"
],
[
"fumes",
"#Noun"
],
[
"wood",
"wood"
],
[
"ammonia",
"ammonia"
],
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"tints",
"tint#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To expose (something) to fumes; specifically, to expose wood, etc., to ammonia in order to produce dark tints."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "80 3 7 5 1 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "opušvam",
"sense": "to expose (something) to fumes",
"word": "опушвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 3 7 5 1 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to expose (something) to fumes",
"word": "höyryttää"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 3 7 5 1 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to expose (something) to fumes",
"word": "kül"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 8 5 3 15 3 9 17 4 4 3 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Combustion",
"orig": "en:Combustion",
"parents": [
"Chemical processes",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1740, John Dyer, “The Ruins of Rome. A Poem.”, in Poems. … Viz. I. Grongar Hill. II. The Ruins of Rome. III. The Fleece, in Four Books, London: Printed by John Hughs, for Messrs. R[obert] and J[ames] Dodsley, […], published 1759, →OCLC, pages 42–43",
"text": "Tyrian garbs, / Neptunian Albion's high teſtaceous food [i.e., oysters], / And flavour'd Chian wines with incenſe fum'd / To ſlake Patrician thirſt: for theſe, their rights / In the vile ſtreets they proſtitute to ſale; / Their ancient rights, their dignities, their laws, / Their native glorious freedom.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To apply or offer incense to."
],
"id": "en-fume-en-verb-PYm0bAtO",
"links": [
[
"apply",
"apply"
],
[
"offer",
"offer"
],
[
"incense",
"incense#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To apply or offer incense to."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 91 1 2 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kadja",
"sense": "to apply or offer incense to",
"word": "кадя"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1686, Earl of Roscommon [i.e., Wentworth Dillon, 4th Earl of Roscommon], Samuel Johnson, “Virgil’s Sixth Eclogue, Silenus”, in The Works of the English Poets. With Prefaces, Biographical and Critical, […], volumes X (The Poems of Rochester, Roscommon, and Yalden), London: […] E. Cox; for C. Bathurst, […], published 1779, page 234, →OCLC",
"text": "Young Chromis and Mnaſylus chanc'd to ſtray / Where (ſleeping in a cave) Silenus lay, / Whoſe conſtant cups fly fuming to his brain, / And always boil in each extended vein; / His truſty flaggon, full of potent juice, / Was hanging by, worn thin with age and uſe; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To emit fumes."
],
"id": "en-fume-en-verb-wxJ-uJr~",
"links": [
[
"emit",
"emit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To emit fumes."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 1 84 6 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dimja",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "димя"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 1 84 6 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "puša",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "пуша"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 1 84 6 1 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "ryge"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 1 84 6 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "höyrytä"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 1 84 6 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "päästää kaasua"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 1 84 6 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "rauchen"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 1 84 6 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "qualmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 1 84 6 1 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "fūmō"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 1 84 6 1 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "ryke"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 1 84 6 1 1",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "ryke"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 1 84 6 1 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "fumegar"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 1 84 6 1 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "fumega"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 1 84 6 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "humear"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 1 84 6 1 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "tütmek"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To pass off in fumes or vapours."
],
"id": "en-fume-en-verb-ihQ4oUEu",
"links": [
[
"pass off",
"pass off"
],
[
"vapour",
"vapour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To pass off in fumes or vapours."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 1 4 88 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pass off in fumes or vapours",
"word": "pyörtyä höyryihin"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He’s still fuming about the argument they had yesterday.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To express or feel great anger."
],
"id": "en-fume-en-verb-tE0VbgDa",
"links": [
[
"express",
"express#Verb"
],
[
"feel",
"feel"
],
[
"anger",
"anger#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, figuratively) To express or feel great anger."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 94 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔistišāṭ ḡaḍaban",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "إِسْتِشَاط غَضَبًا"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 94 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṯār",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "ثَار"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 94 2",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "saar",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "ثار"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 94 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gnevja se",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "гневя се"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 94 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "jadosvam se",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "ядосвам се"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 94 2",
"code": "fi",
"english": "to feel",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "olla raivoissaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 94 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "vaahdota"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 94 2",
"code": "fi",
"english": "to express",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "raivota"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 94 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "fulminer"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 94 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "schäumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 94 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "qatzáf",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "קָצַף"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 94 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "ratáẖ",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "רָתַח"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 94 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "rodersi il fegato"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 94 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "mangiarsi il fegato"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 94 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "fumegar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 94 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "echar humo"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 94 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "köpürmek"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 8 5 3 15 3 9 17 4 4 3 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Combustion",
"orig": "en:Combustion",
"parents": [
"Chemical processes",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be as in a mist; to be dulled and stupefied."
],
"id": "en-fume-en-verb-o-oxgsnf",
"links": [
[
"mist",
"mist#Noun"
],
[
"dulled",
"dull#Verb"
],
[
"stupefied",
"stupefy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, figuratively) To be as in a mist; to be dulled and stupefied."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 1 1 2 1 92",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to be as in a mist; to be dulled and stupefied",
"word": "olla sekaisin"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fjuːm/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-fume.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/En-us-fume.ogg/En-us-fume.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/En-us-fume.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "fume"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/uːm",
"Rhymes:English/uːm/1 syllable",
"en:Combustion",
"en:Gases",
"en:Matter"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "exhaust fume"
},
{
"word": "fume cupboard"
},
{
"word": "fume date"
},
{
"word": "fume hood"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "fume"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fume",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fum",
"4": "",
"5": "smoke, steam, vapour"
},
"expansion": "Old French fum (“smoke, steam, vapour”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "fūmus",
"4": "",
"5": "vapour, smoke"
},
"expansion": "Latin fūmus (“vapour, smoke”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰuh₂mós",
"4": "",
"5": "smoke"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰewh₂-",
"3": "",
"4": "to smoke, raise dust"
},
"expansion": "*dʰewh₂- (“to smoke, raise dust”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thymus",
"3": "thymos"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of thymus and thymos",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dun"
},
"expansion": "dun",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dusk"
},
"expansion": "dusk",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dust"
},
"expansion": "dust",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English fume, from Old French fum (“smoke, steam, vapour”), from Latin fūmus (“vapour, smoke”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”), from *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke, raise dust”). Doublet of thymus and thymos. More at dun, dusk, dust.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fumes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fume (plural fumes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Don't stand around in there breathing the fumes while the adhesive cures.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1753, Thomas Warton, Ode",
"text": "the fumes of new-shorn hay",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A gas or vapour/vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale."
],
"links": [
[
"gas",
"gas"
],
[
"vapour",
"vapour"
],
[
"vapor",
"vapor"
],
[
"inhale",
"inhale"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Lead fume is a greyish powder, mainly comprising lead sulfate.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A material that has been vaporized from the solid or liquid state to the gas state and re-coalesced to the solid state."
],
"links": [
[
"solid",
"solid"
],
[
"liquid",
"liquid"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Rage or excitement which deprives the mind of self-control."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Anything unsubstantial or airy; idle conceit; vain imagination."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The incense of praise; inordinate flattery."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A passionate person."
],
"links": [
[
"passionate",
"passionate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A passionate person."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fjuːm/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-fume.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/En-us-fume.ogg/En-us-fume.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/En-us-fume.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dim",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дим"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izparenie",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "изпарение"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dúqì",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"word": "毒气"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "from burning or smoldering",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"word": "käry"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "vapor",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"word": "höyry"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "cold vapor",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"word": "huuru"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fume"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vapor"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rauch"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Qualm"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fumo"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"word": "wasap"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"word": "hau kino"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "opar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vapor"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "isparenije",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "испарение"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "humo"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "duman"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "material that has re-coalesced to the solid state",
"word": "härme"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "material that has re-coalesced to the solid state",
"word": "is"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "jad",
"sense": "rage or excitement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "яд"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vǎzbuda",
"sense": "rage or excitement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "възбуда"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "rage or excitement",
"word": "kiihko"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "anything unsubstantial or airy",
"word": "houre"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "incense of praise; inordinate flattery",
"word": "hehkutus"
}
],
"word": "fume"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/uːm",
"Rhymes:English/uːm/1 syllable",
"en:Combustion",
"en:Gases",
"en:Matter"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "fuming sulfuric acid"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "fume"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fume",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fum",
"4": "",
"5": "smoke, steam, vapour"
},
"expansion": "Old French fum (“smoke, steam, vapour”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "fūmus",
"4": "",
"5": "vapour, smoke"
},
"expansion": "Latin fūmus (“vapour, smoke”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰuh₂mós",
"4": "",
"5": "smoke"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰewh₂-",
"3": "",
"4": "to smoke, raise dust"
},
"expansion": "*dʰewh₂- (“to smoke, raise dust”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thymus",
"3": "thymos"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of thymus and thymos",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dun"
},
"expansion": "dun",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dusk"
},
"expansion": "dusk",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dust"
},
"expansion": "dust",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English fume, from Old French fum (“smoke, steam, vapour”), from Latin fūmus (“vapour, smoke”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”), from *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke, raise dust”). Doublet of thymus and thymos. More at dun, dusk, dust.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fumes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fumed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "fumed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fume (third-person singular simple present fumes, present participle fuming, simple past and past participle fumed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To expose (something) to fumes; specifically, to expose wood, etc., to ammonia in order to produce dark tints."
],
"links": [
[
"expose",
"expose"
],
[
"fumes",
"#Noun"
],
[
"wood",
"wood"
],
[
"ammonia",
"ammonia"
],
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"tints",
"tint#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To expose (something) to fumes; specifically, to expose wood, etc., to ammonia in order to produce dark tints."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1740, John Dyer, “The Ruins of Rome. A Poem.”, in Poems. … Viz. I. Grongar Hill. II. The Ruins of Rome. III. The Fleece, in Four Books, London: Printed by John Hughs, for Messrs. R[obert] and J[ames] Dodsley, […], published 1759, →OCLC, pages 42–43",
"text": "Tyrian garbs, / Neptunian Albion's high teſtaceous food [i.e., oysters], / And flavour'd Chian wines with incenſe fum'd / To ſlake Patrician thirſt: for theſe, their rights / In the vile ſtreets they proſtitute to ſale; / Their ancient rights, their dignities, their laws, / Their native glorious freedom.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To apply or offer incense to."
],
"links": [
[
"apply",
"apply"
],
[
"offer",
"offer"
],
[
"incense",
"incense#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To apply or offer incense to."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1686, Earl of Roscommon [i.e., Wentworth Dillon, 4th Earl of Roscommon], Samuel Johnson, “Virgil’s Sixth Eclogue, Silenus”, in The Works of the English Poets. With Prefaces, Biographical and Critical, […], volumes X (The Poems of Rochester, Roscommon, and Yalden), London: […] E. Cox; for C. Bathurst, […], published 1779, page 234, →OCLC",
"text": "Young Chromis and Mnaſylus chanc'd to ſtray / Where (ſleeping in a cave) Silenus lay, / Whoſe conſtant cups fly fuming to his brain, / And always boil in each extended vein; / His truſty flaggon, full of potent juice, / Was hanging by, worn thin with age and uſe; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To emit fumes."
],
"links": [
[
"emit",
"emit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To emit fumes."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To pass off in fumes or vapours."
],
"links": [
[
"pass off",
"pass off"
],
[
"vapour",
"vapour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To pass off in fumes or vapours."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He’s still fuming about the argument they had yesterday.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To express or feel great anger."
],
"links": [
[
"express",
"express#Verb"
],
[
"feel",
"feel"
],
[
"anger",
"anger#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, figuratively) To express or feel great anger."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To be as in a mist; to be dulled and stupefied."
],
"links": [
[
"mist",
"mist#Noun"
],
[
"dulled",
"dull#Verb"
],
[
"stupefied",
"stupefy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, figuratively) To be as in a mist; to be dulled and stupefied."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fjuːm/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-fume.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/En-us-fume.ogg/En-us-fume.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/En-us-fume.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "opušvam",
"sense": "to expose (something) to fumes",
"word": "опушвам"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to expose (something) to fumes",
"word": "höyryttää"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to expose (something) to fumes",
"word": "kül"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kadja",
"sense": "to apply or offer incense to",
"word": "кадя"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dimja",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "димя"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "puša",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "пуша"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "ryge"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "höyrytä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "päästää kaasua"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "rauchen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "qualmen"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "fūmō"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "ryke"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "ryke"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "fumegar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "fumega"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "humear"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to emit fumes",
"word": "tütmek"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pass off in fumes or vapours",
"word": "pyörtyä höyryihin"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔistišāṭ ḡaḍaban",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "إِسْتِشَاط غَضَبًا"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṯār",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "ثَار"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "saar",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "ثار"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gnevja se",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "гневя се"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "jadosvam se",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "ядосвам се"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "to feel",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "olla raivoissaan"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "vaahdota"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "to express",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "raivota"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "fulminer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "schäumen"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "qatzáf",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "קָצַף"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "ratáẖ",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "רָתַח"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "rodersi il fegato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "mangiarsi il fegato"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "fumegar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "echar humo"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to express or feel great anger",
"word": "köpürmek"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to be as in a mist; to be dulled and stupefied",
"word": "olla sekaisin"
}
],
"word": "fume"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.