"filibuster" meaning in English

{
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    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “sense 2”",
      "word": "cloture"
    }
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  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "filibusterer"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "費力把事拖",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Chinese: 費力把事拖／费力把事拖 (fèilìbǎshìtuō)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Chinese: 費力把事拖／费力把事拖 (fèilìbǎshìtuō)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "filibuster",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Dutch: filibuster",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Dutch: filibuster"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "id",
            "2": "filibuster",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Indonesian: filibuster",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Indonesian: filibuster"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*preyH-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "es",
        "3": "filibustero",
        "4": "",
        "5": "pirate"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish filibustero (“pirate”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "flibustier"
      },
      "expansion": "French flibustier",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "nl",
        "3": "vrijbuiter",
        "4": "",
        "5": "freebooter"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch vrijbuiter (“freebooter”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "freebooter"
      },
      "expansion": "English freebooter",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Spanish filibustero (“pirate”), from French flibustier, ultimately from Dutch vrijbuiter (“freebooter”), from vrij (“free”) + buit (“booty”) + -er (“agent”). The alteration in the first syllable in French is due to the word's being somewhat conflated with vlieboot (“light, flat-bottomed cargo vessel with two or three masts”) when it was borrowed into French or another language from Dutch. The word is cognate and analogous to English freebooter.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "filibusters",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "filibuster (plural filibusters)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "fi‧li‧bust‧er"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "flibustier"
    }
  ],
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      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1890, Lafcadio Hearn, Two Years in the French West Indies, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Bros., →OCLC:",
          "text": "These duties involved prodigious physical and mental exertion, in a climate deadly to Europeans. They also involved much voyaging in waters haunted by filibusters and buccaneers. But nothing appears to daunt Labat. As for the filibusters, he becomes their comrade and personal friend;—he even becomes their chaplain, and does not scruple to make excursions with them.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2002, E. John Gesick, Jr., “Filibusters”, in Lee Stacy, editor, Mexico and the United States, volume 1 (Acapulco, Guererro – Film in Mexico), Tarrytown, N.Y.: Marshall Cavendish, →ISBN, page 307, column 1:",
          "text": "Mexico's War of Independence (1810–1821) encouraged an increase in the activity of filibusters in northern Mexico, particularly Texas. Spain's concentration on repressing independence movements within Mexico created opportunities for filibusters to seize control of its northern frontier regions.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2012, William H. Brown, “Central America, Filibusters”, in Thomas M. Leonard, editor, Encyclopedia of U.S.–Latin American Relations, volumes 1 (A–E), Thousand Oaks, Calif.: CQ Press; London: SAGE Publications, →ISBN, pages 149, column 2 – 150, column 1:",
          "text": "Filibusters were American citizens who used armed force to procure economic and political influence beyond the borders of the United States from 1848–1861. Their efforts were directed mainly southward toward Cuba, Mexico, and the Central American republics. These illegal excursions disrupted diplomatic relations of the United States within its own hemisphere by damaging relations with Latin American countries and the United Kingdom.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2016, Andreas Beer, “The Nicaraguan Press and El Nicaraguense”, in A Transnational Analysis of Representations of the US Filibusters in Nicaragua, 1855–1857, New York, N.Y.: Palgrave Macmillan, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 95–96:",
          "text": "As they attempted to use the international press to their advantage, the filibusters were eager to counter any articles they perceived as misrepresenting their actions. […] [T]he filibusters took issue with what they called the \"Boletinero de Costarica\" and its outspoken condemnation of the filibuster presence in Nicaragua. […] Costa Rican periodicals were especially scorned by the filibusters for their constant rallying cries against the US usurpers.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A mercenary soldier; a freebooter; specifically, a mercenary who travelled illegally in an organized group from the United States to a country in Central America or the Spanish West Indies in the mid-19th century seeking economic and political benefits through armed force."
      ],
      "id": "en-filibuster-en-noun-MOjv4GEW",
      "links": [
        [
          "mercenary",
          "mercenary"
        ],
        [
          "soldier",
          "soldier"
        ],
        [
          "freebooter",
          "freebooter"
        ],
        [
          "travelled",
          "travel#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "illegally",
          "illegally"
        ],
        [
          "organized",
          "organized"
        ],
        [
          "group",
          "group"
        ],
        [
          "United States",
          "United States"
        ],
        [
          "country",
          "country"
        ],
        [
          "Central America",
          "Central America"
        ],
        [
          "seek",
          "seek"
        ],
        [
          "economic",
          "economic"
        ],
        [
          "political",
          "political"
        ],
        [
          "benefit",
          "benefit"
        ],
        [
          "armed",
          "armed"
        ],
        [
          "force",
          "force"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 2",
          "sense": "mercenary soldier",
          "word": "mercenary"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "96 2 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "pirat",
          "sense": "freebooter",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "пират"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 2 2",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "freebooter",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "filibuster"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 2 2",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "freebooter",
          "word": "fribytter"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 2 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "freebooter",
          "word": "flibustro"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 2 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "freebooter",
          "word": "palkkasoturi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 2 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "freebooter",
          "word": "rosvo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 2 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "freebooter",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "flibustier"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 2 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "freebooter",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Freibeuter"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 2 2",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "koursáros",
          "sense": "freebooter",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "κουρσάρος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 2 2",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "peiratís",
          "sense": "freebooter",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "πειρατής"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 2 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "freebooter",
          "word": "kalóz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 2 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "freebooter",
          "word": "martalóc"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 2 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "freebooter",
          "word": "fosztogató"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 2 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "freebooter",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "filibustiere"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 2 2",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "freebooter",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "fribytter"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 2 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "freebooter",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "flibusteiro"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 2 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "flibustʹjér",
          "sense": "freebooter",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "флибустье́р"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 2 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "pirát",
          "sense": "freebooter",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "пира́т"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 2 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "english": "mercenary",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "najómnik",
          "sense": "freebooter",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "наёмник"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 2 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "freebooter",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "filibustero"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "US politics",
          "orig": "en:US politics",
          "parents": [
            "Politics",
            "United States",
            "Society",
            "North America",
            "All topics",
            "America",
            "Fundamental",
            "Earth",
            "Nature"
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      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2010 April 22, Mimi Murray Digby Marziani, Diana Lee, “Statement for the Record, Brennan Center for Justice, New York, NY”, in Examining the Filibuster: Hearings before the Committee on Rules and Administration, United States Senate, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, Second Session, April 22, 2010, May 19, 2010, June 23, 2010, July 28, 2010, and September 22 and 29, 2010 (S. Hrg. 111-706), Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →ISBN, page 112:",
          "text": "No longer do filibustering Senators take the floor and speak until they are physically unable to filibuster any longer. Now, a filibuster typically begins when a Senator or group of Senators signals their intent to filibuster – which can be done by a private conversation with the majority leader or by quietly placing a bill or nomination on hold. Given the modern Senate's scarce floor time, this threat is usually enough to table the disputed issue until the dissenting Senators cave or until there are definitely enough votes to invoke cloture.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2010 October 14, “An own goal on gay rights”, in The Economist, archived from the original on 2016-04-23:",
          "text": "Then, last month, before the survey was finished and for reasons still unclear, the Democrats abruptly tried to attach a repeal of the law to the defence appropriations bill, a stratagem the Republicans defeated in a filibuster.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A tactic (such as giving long, often irrelevant speeches) employed to delay the proceedings of, or the making of a decision by, a legislative body, particularly the United States Senate."
      ],
      "id": "en-filibuster-en-noun-7O-xGZf7",
      "links": [
        [
          "tactic",
          "tactic"
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        [
          "irrelevant",
          "irrelevant"
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        [
          "speech",
          "speech"
        ],
        [
          "employed",
          "employ#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "delay",
          "delay#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "proceedings",
          "proceedings"
        ],
        [
          "decision",
          "decision"
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        [
          "legislative",
          "legislative"
        ],
        [
          "United States",
          "United States"
        ],
        [
          "Senate",
          "senate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(US politics) A tactic (such as giving long, often irrelevant speeches) employed to delay the proceedings of, or the making of a decision by, a legislative body, particularly the United States Senate."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "politics"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "34 60 6",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
          "word": "filibusterisme"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "34 60 6",
          "code": "yue",
          "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
          "roman": "laai¹ bou³",
          "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
          "word": "拉布"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "34 60 6",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
          "word": "冗長辯論"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "34 60 6",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "rǒngcháng biànlùn",
          "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
          "word": "冗长辩论"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "34 60 6",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
          "word": "費力把事拖"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "34 60 6",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "fèilìbǎshìtuō",
          "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
          "word": "费力把事拖"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "34 60 6",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "filibuster"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "34 60 6",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
          "word": "jarrutus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "34 60 6",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
          "word": "jarrutuspuhe"
        },
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          "_dis1": "34 60 6",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "obstruction parlementaire"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "34 60 6",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Dauerrede"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "34 60 6",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Ermüdungsrede"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "34 60 6",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Filibuster"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "34 60 6",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "kolysiergía",
          "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "κωλυσιεργία"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "34 60 6",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
          "word": "obstrukció"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "34 60 6",
          "alt": "ぎじぼうがい",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "giji bōgai",
          "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
          "word": "議事妨害"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "34 60 6",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "pillibeoseuteo",
          "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
          "word": "필리버스터"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "34 60 6",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "filibuster"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "34 60 6",
          "code": "yi",
          "lang": "Yiddish",
          "roman": "obstruktsye",
          "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "אָבסטרוקציע"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "US politics",
          "orig": "en:US politics",
          "parents": [
            "Politics",
            "United States",
            "Society",
            "North America",
            "All topics",
            "America",
            "Fundamental",
            "Earth",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A member of a legislative body causing such an obstruction; a filibusterer."
      ],
      "id": "en-filibuster-en-noun-qgFu1BVM",
      "links": [
        [
          "obstruction",
          "obstruction"
        ],
        [
          "filibusterer",
          "filibusterer"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(US politics) A member of a legislative body causing such an obstruction; a filibusterer."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "politics"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "13 35 52",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "member of a legislative body causing such obstruction",
          "word": "filibuster"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 35 52",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "member of a legislative body causing such obstruction",
          "word": "jarruttaja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 35 52",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "member of a legislative body causing such obstruction",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Dauerredner"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 35 52",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "kolysiergós",
          "sense": "member of a legislative body causing such obstruction",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "κωλυσιεργός"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 35 52",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "note": "obstruáló (optionally with a noun like ember/személy/képviselő etc.)",
          "sense": "member of a legislative body causing such obstruction"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 35 52",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "member of a legislative body causing such obstruction",
          "word": "obstrukcionista"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɪlɪbʌstə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɪləbʌstɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-filibuster.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/En-us-filibuster.ogg/En-us-filibuster.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/En-us-filibuster.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-au-filibuster.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/En-au-filibuster.ogg/En-au-filibuster.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/En-au-filibuster.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Claude Rains",
    "James Stewart",
    "Mr. Smith Goes to Washington",
    "United States Senate"
  ],
  "word": "filibuster"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*preyH-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "es",
        "3": "filibustero",
        "4": "",
        "5": "pirate"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish filibustero (“pirate”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "flibustier"
      },
      "expansion": "French flibustier",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "nl",
        "3": "vrijbuiter",
        "4": "",
        "5": "freebooter"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch vrijbuiter (“freebooter”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "freebooter"
      },
      "expansion": "English freebooter",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Spanish filibustero (“pirate”), from French flibustier, ultimately from Dutch vrijbuiter (“freebooter”), from vrij (“free”) + buit (“booty”) + -er (“agent”). The alteration in the first syllable in French is due to the word's being somewhat conflated with vlieboot (“light, flat-bottomed cargo vessel with two or three masts”) when it was borrowed into French or another language from Dutch. The word is cognate and analogous to English freebooter.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "filibusters",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "filibustering",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "filibustered",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "filibustered",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "filibuster (third-person singular simple present filibusters, present participle filibustering, simple past and past participle filibustered)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "fi‧li‧bust‧er"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2012, William H. Brown, “Central America, Filibusters”, in Thomas M. Leonard, editor, Encyclopedia of U.S.–Latin American Relations, volumes 1 (A–E), Thousand Oaks, Calif.: CQ Press; London: SAGE Publications, →ISBN, page 150, column 2:",
          "text": "According to U.S. law, filibustering was a violation of the Neutrality Law of 1818, which prohibited the organization within the United States of any armed force that intended to attack a friendly foreign power. The American government attempted, through the enforcement of this law, to prevent its citizens from filibustering, mostly by preventing potential filibustering groups from organizing and collecting arms for future operations.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To take part in a private military action in a foreign country."
      ],
      "id": "en-filibuster-en-verb-HIQI4UMz",
      "links": [
        [
          "private",
          "private"
        ],
        [
          "military",
          "military"
        ],
        [
          "action",
          "action"
        ],
        [
          "foreign",
          "foreign"
        ],
        [
          "country",
          "country"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Politics",
          "orig": "en:Politics",
          "parents": [
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1919, William Roscoe Thayer, chapter 11, in Theodore Roosevelt: An Intimate Biography, Boston, Mass., New York, N.Y.: Houghton Mifflin Company, →OCLC:",
          "text": "But as the case had dragged on interminably, and he believed, and the world believed, and the Canadians themselves knew, that they intended to filibuster and postpone as long as possible, he took the common-sense way to a settlement.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1957, Special Subcommittee on Amendments to Rule XXII, Committee on Rules and Administration, United States Senate, Proposed Amendments to Rule XXII of the Standing Rules of the Senate, Relating to Cloture: Hearings before a Special Subcommittee on Rules and Administration, United States Senate, Eighty-fifth Congress, First Session, on S. Res. 17, S. Res. 19, S. Res. 21, S. Res. 28, S. Res. 29, S. Res. 30, S. Res. 32, S. Res. 171, Resolutions Proposing Amendments to Rule XXII of the Standing Rules of the Senate. June 17, 24, 25, 28, July 2, 9, 16, 1957, Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, →OCLC, page 305:",
          "text": "1901—Senator Carter successfully filibustered a river and harbor bill because it failed to include certain additional appropriations.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2010 April 22, Mimi Murray Digby Marziani, Diana Lee, “Statement for the Record, Brennan Center for Justice, New York, NY”, in Examining the Filibuster: Hearings before the Committee on Rules and Administration, United States Senate, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, Second Session, April 22, 2010, May 19, 2010, June 23, 2010, July 28, 2010, and September 22 and 29, 2010 (S. Hrg. 111-706), Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →ISBN, page 112:",
          "text": "No longer do filibustering Senators take the floor and speak until they are physically unable to filibuster any longer. Now, a filibuster typically begins when a Senator or group of Senators signals their intent to filibuster – which can be done by a private conversation with the majority leader or by quietly placing a bill or nomination on hold. Given the modern Senate's scarce floor time, this threat is usually enough to table the disputed issue until the dissenting Senators cave or until there are definitely enough votes to invoke cloture.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "text": "Jan 20, 2012, “Meanwhile, back in Eastleigh, away from the filibustering in Westminster, Chris Huhne was able to concentrate on constituency business.”https://www.eastleighnews.co.uk/2012/01/daylight-saving-bill-runs-out-of-time/"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body."
      ],
      "id": "en-filibuster-en-verb-z9APAyz9",
      "links": [
        [
          "politics",
          "politics"
        ],
        [
          "obstructionist",
          "obstructionist"
        ],
        [
          "tactic",
          "tactic"
        ],
        [
          "legislative",
          "legislative"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(originally and mainly US, politics) To use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "politics"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "3 97",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body",
          "word": "jarruttaa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 97",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body",
          "word": "filibustern"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 97",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body",
          "word": "Obstruktion betreiben"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 97",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body",
          "word": "verschleppen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 97",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body",
          "word": "eine Verschleppungstaktik betreiben"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 97",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body",
          "word": "eine Hinhaltetaktik betreiben"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 97",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body",
          "word": "eine Verzögerungstaktik betreiben"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 97",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "kolysiergó",
          "sense": "to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body",
          "word": "κωλυσιεργώ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 97",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body",
          "word": "obstruál"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 97",
          "code": "yi",
          "lang": "Yiddish",
          "roman": "obstruirn",
          "sense": "to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body",
          "word": "אָבסטרויִרן"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɪlɪbʌstə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɪləbʌstɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-filibuster.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/En-us-filibuster.ogg/En-us-filibuster.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/En-us-filibuster.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-au-filibuster.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/En-au-filibuster.ogg/En-au-filibuster.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/En-au-filibuster.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Claude Rains",
    "James Stewart",
    "Mr. Smith Goes to Washington",
    "United States Senate"
  ],
  "word": "filibuster"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “sense 2”",
      "word": "cloture"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Spanish",
    "English terms derived from Dutch",
    "English terms derived from French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from Spanish",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preyH-",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for plural forms in Indonesian entries",
    "Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Cantonese translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Indonesian translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Yiddish translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "filibusterer"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "費力把事拖",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Chinese: 費力把事拖／费力把事拖 (fèilìbǎshìtuō)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Chinese: 費力把事拖／费力把事拖 (fèilìbǎshìtuō)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "filibuster",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Dutch: filibuster",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Dutch: filibuster"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "id",
            "2": "filibuster",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Indonesian: filibuster",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Indonesian: filibuster"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*preyH-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "es",
        "3": "filibustero",
        "4": "",
        "5": "pirate"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish filibustero (“pirate”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "flibustier"
      },
      "expansion": "French flibustier",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "nl",
        "3": "vrijbuiter",
        "4": "",
        "5": "freebooter"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch vrijbuiter (“freebooter”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "freebooter"
      },
      "expansion": "English freebooter",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Spanish filibustero (“pirate”), from French flibustier, ultimately from Dutch vrijbuiter (“freebooter”), from vrij (“free”) + buit (“booty”) + -er (“agent”). The alteration in the first syllable in French is due to the word's being somewhat conflated with vlieboot (“light, flat-bottomed cargo vessel with two or three masts”) when it was borrowed into French or another language from Dutch. The word is cognate and analogous to English freebooter.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "filibusters",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "filibuster (plural filibusters)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "fi‧li‧bust‧er"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "flibustier"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1890, Lafcadio Hearn, Two Years in the French West Indies, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Bros., →OCLC:",
          "text": "These duties involved prodigious physical and mental exertion, in a climate deadly to Europeans. They also involved much voyaging in waters haunted by filibusters and buccaneers. But nothing appears to daunt Labat. As for the filibusters, he becomes their comrade and personal friend;—he even becomes their chaplain, and does not scruple to make excursions with them.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2002, E. John Gesick, Jr., “Filibusters”, in Lee Stacy, editor, Mexico and the United States, volume 1 (Acapulco, Guererro – Film in Mexico), Tarrytown, N.Y.: Marshall Cavendish, →ISBN, page 307, column 1:",
          "text": "Mexico's War of Independence (1810–1821) encouraged an increase in the activity of filibusters in northern Mexico, particularly Texas. Spain's concentration on repressing independence movements within Mexico created opportunities for filibusters to seize control of its northern frontier regions.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2012, William H. Brown, “Central America, Filibusters”, in Thomas M. Leonard, editor, Encyclopedia of U.S.–Latin American Relations, volumes 1 (A–E), Thousand Oaks, Calif.: CQ Press; London: SAGE Publications, →ISBN, pages 149, column 2 – 150, column 1:",
          "text": "Filibusters were American citizens who used armed force to procure economic and political influence beyond the borders of the United States from 1848–1861. Their efforts were directed mainly southward toward Cuba, Mexico, and the Central American republics. These illegal excursions disrupted diplomatic relations of the United States within its own hemisphere by damaging relations with Latin American countries and the United Kingdom.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2016, Andreas Beer, “The Nicaraguan Press and El Nicaraguense”, in A Transnational Analysis of Representations of the US Filibusters in Nicaragua, 1855–1857, New York, N.Y.: Palgrave Macmillan, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 95–96:",
          "text": "As they attempted to use the international press to their advantage, the filibusters were eager to counter any articles they perceived as misrepresenting their actions. […] [T]he filibusters took issue with what they called the \"Boletinero de Costarica\" and its outspoken condemnation of the filibuster presence in Nicaragua. […] Costa Rican periodicals were especially scorned by the filibusters for their constant rallying cries against the US usurpers.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A mercenary soldier; a freebooter; specifically, a mercenary who travelled illegally in an organized group from the United States to a country in Central America or the Spanish West Indies in the mid-19th century seeking economic and political benefits through armed force."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mercenary",
          "mercenary"
        ],
        [
          "soldier",
          "soldier"
        ],
        [
          "freebooter",
          "freebooter"
        ],
        [
          "travelled",
          "travel#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "illegally",
          "illegally"
        ],
        [
          "organized",
          "organized"
        ],
        [
          "group",
          "group"
        ],
        [
          "United States",
          "United States"
        ],
        [
          "country",
          "country"
        ],
        [
          "Central America",
          "Central America"
        ],
        [
          "seek",
          "seek"
        ],
        [
          "economic",
          "economic"
        ],
        [
          "political",
          "political"
        ],
        [
          "benefit",
          "benefit"
        ],
        [
          "armed",
          "armed"
        ],
        [
          "force",
          "force"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:US politics"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2010 April 22, Mimi Murray Digby Marziani, Diana Lee, “Statement for the Record, Brennan Center for Justice, New York, NY”, in Examining the Filibuster: Hearings before the Committee on Rules and Administration, United States Senate, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, Second Session, April 22, 2010, May 19, 2010, June 23, 2010, July 28, 2010, and September 22 and 29, 2010 (S. Hrg. 111-706), Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →ISBN, page 112:",
          "text": "No longer do filibustering Senators take the floor and speak until they are physically unable to filibuster any longer. Now, a filibuster typically begins when a Senator or group of Senators signals their intent to filibuster – which can be done by a private conversation with the majority leader or by quietly placing a bill or nomination on hold. Given the modern Senate's scarce floor time, this threat is usually enough to table the disputed issue until the dissenting Senators cave or until there are definitely enough votes to invoke cloture.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2010 October 14, “An own goal on gay rights”, in The Economist, archived from the original on 2016-04-23:",
          "text": "Then, last month, before the survey was finished and for reasons still unclear, the Democrats abruptly tried to attach a repeal of the law to the defence appropriations bill, a stratagem the Republicans defeated in a filibuster.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A tactic (such as giving long, often irrelevant speeches) employed to delay the proceedings of, or the making of a decision by, a legislative body, particularly the United States Senate."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tactic",
          "tactic"
        ],
        [
          "irrelevant",
          "irrelevant"
        ],
        [
          "speech",
          "speech"
        ],
        [
          "employed",
          "employ#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "delay",
          "delay#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "proceedings",
          "proceedings"
        ],
        [
          "decision",
          "decision"
        ],
        [
          "legislative",
          "legislative"
        ],
        [
          "United States",
          "United States"
        ],
        [
          "Senate",
          "senate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(US politics) A tactic (such as giving long, often irrelevant speeches) employed to delay the proceedings of, or the making of a decision by, a legislative body, particularly the United States Senate."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "politics"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:US politics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A member of a legislative body causing such an obstruction; a filibusterer."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "obstruction",
          "obstruction"
        ],
        [
          "filibusterer",
          "filibusterer"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(US politics) A member of a legislative body causing such an obstruction; a filibusterer."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "politics"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɪlɪbʌstə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɪləbʌstɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-filibuster.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/En-us-filibuster.ogg/En-us-filibuster.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/En-us-filibuster.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-au-filibuster.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/En-au-filibuster.ogg/En-au-filibuster.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/En-au-filibuster.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "mercenary soldier",
      "word": "mercenary"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "pirat",
      "sense": "freebooter",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "пират"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "freebooter",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "filibuster"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "freebooter",
      "word": "fribytter"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "freebooter",
      "word": "flibustro"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "freebooter",
      "word": "palkkasoturi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "freebooter",
      "word": "rosvo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "freebooter",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "flibustier"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "freebooter",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Freibeuter"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "koursáros",
      "sense": "freebooter",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "κουρσάρος"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "peiratís",
      "sense": "freebooter",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "πειρατής"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "freebooter",
      "word": "kalóz"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "freebooter",
      "word": "martalóc"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "freebooter",
      "word": "fosztogató"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "freebooter",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "filibustiere"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "freebooter",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "fribytter"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "freebooter",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "flibusteiro"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "flibustʹjér",
      "sense": "freebooter",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "флибустье́р"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "pirát",
      "sense": "freebooter",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "пира́т"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "english": "mercenary",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "najómnik",
      "sense": "freebooter",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "наёмник"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "freebooter",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "filibustero"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
      "word": "filibusterisme"
    },
    {
      "code": "yue",
      "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
      "roman": "laai¹ bou³",
      "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
      "word": "拉布"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
      "word": "冗長辯論"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "rǒngcháng biànlùn",
      "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
      "word": "冗长辩论"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
      "word": "費力把事拖"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "fèilìbǎshìtuō",
      "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
      "word": "费力把事拖"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "filibuster"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
      "word": "jarrutus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
      "word": "jarrutuspuhe"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "obstruction parlementaire"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Dauerrede"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Ermüdungsrede"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Filibuster"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "kolysiergía",
      "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "κωλυσιεργία"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
      "word": "obstrukció"
    },
    {
      "alt": "ぎじぼうがい",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "giji bōgai",
      "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
      "word": "議事妨害"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "pillibeoseuteo",
      "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
      "word": "필리버스터"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "filibuster"
    },
    {
      "code": "yi",
      "lang": "Yiddish",
      "roman": "obstruktsye",
      "sense": "long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "אָבסטרוקציע"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "member of a legislative body causing such obstruction",
      "word": "filibuster"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "member of a legislative body causing such obstruction",
      "word": "jarruttaja"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "member of a legislative body causing such obstruction",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Dauerredner"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "kolysiergós",
      "sense": "member of a legislative body causing such obstruction",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "κωλυσιεργός"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "note": "obstruáló (optionally with a noun like ember/személy/képviselő etc.)",
      "sense": "member of a legislative body causing such obstruction"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "member of a legislative body causing such obstruction",
      "word": "obstrukcionista"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Claude Rains",
    "James Stewart",
    "Mr. Smith Goes to Washington",
    "United States Senate"
  ],
  "word": "filibuster"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Spanish",
    "English terms derived from Dutch",
    "English terms derived from French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from Spanish",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preyH-",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for plural forms in Indonesian entries",
    "Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Cantonese translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Indonesian translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Yiddish translations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*preyH-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "es",
        "3": "filibustero",
        "4": "",
        "5": "pirate"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish filibustero (“pirate”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "flibustier"
      },
      "expansion": "French flibustier",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "nl",
        "3": "vrijbuiter",
        "4": "",
        "5": "freebooter"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch vrijbuiter (“freebooter”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "freebooter"
      },
      "expansion": "English freebooter",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Spanish filibustero (“pirate”), from French flibustier, ultimately from Dutch vrijbuiter (“freebooter”), from vrij (“free”) + buit (“booty”) + -er (“agent”). The alteration in the first syllable in French is due to the word's being somewhat conflated with vlieboot (“light, flat-bottomed cargo vessel with two or three masts”) when it was borrowed into French or another language from Dutch. The word is cognate and analogous to English freebooter.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "filibusters",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "filibustering",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "filibustered",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "filibustered",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "filibuster (third-person singular simple present filibusters, present participle filibustering, simple past and past participle filibustered)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "fi‧li‧bust‧er"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2012, William H. Brown, “Central America, Filibusters”, in Thomas M. Leonard, editor, Encyclopedia of U.S.–Latin American Relations, volumes 1 (A–E), Thousand Oaks, Calif.: CQ Press; London: SAGE Publications, →ISBN, page 150, column 2:",
          "text": "According to U.S. law, filibustering was a violation of the Neutrality Law of 1818, which prohibited the organization within the United States of any armed force that intended to attack a friendly foreign power. The American government attempted, through the enforcement of this law, to prevent its citizens from filibustering, mostly by preventing potential filibustering groups from organizing and collecting arms for future operations.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To take part in a private military action in a foreign country."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "private",
          "private"
        ],
        [
          "military",
          "military"
        ],
        [
          "action",
          "action"
        ],
        [
          "foreign",
          "foreign"
        ],
        [
          "country",
          "country"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Politics"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1919, William Roscoe Thayer, chapter 11, in Theodore Roosevelt: An Intimate Biography, Boston, Mass., New York, N.Y.: Houghton Mifflin Company, →OCLC:",
          "text": "But as the case had dragged on interminably, and he believed, and the world believed, and the Canadians themselves knew, that they intended to filibuster and postpone as long as possible, he took the common-sense way to a settlement.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1957, Special Subcommittee on Amendments to Rule XXII, Committee on Rules and Administration, United States Senate, Proposed Amendments to Rule XXII of the Standing Rules of the Senate, Relating to Cloture: Hearings before a Special Subcommittee on Rules and Administration, United States Senate, Eighty-fifth Congress, First Session, on S. Res. 17, S. Res. 19, S. Res. 21, S. Res. 28, S. Res. 29, S. Res. 30, S. Res. 32, S. Res. 171, Resolutions Proposing Amendments to Rule XXII of the Standing Rules of the Senate. June 17, 24, 25, 28, July 2, 9, 16, 1957, Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, →OCLC, page 305:",
          "text": "1901—Senator Carter successfully filibustered a river and harbor bill because it failed to include certain additional appropriations.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2010 April 22, Mimi Murray Digby Marziani, Diana Lee, “Statement for the Record, Brennan Center for Justice, New York, NY”, in Examining the Filibuster: Hearings before the Committee on Rules and Administration, United States Senate, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, Second Session, April 22, 2010, May 19, 2010, June 23, 2010, July 28, 2010, and September 22 and 29, 2010 (S. Hrg. 111-706), Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →ISBN, page 112:",
          "text": "No longer do filibustering Senators take the floor and speak until they are physically unable to filibuster any longer. Now, a filibuster typically begins when a Senator or group of Senators signals their intent to filibuster – which can be done by a private conversation with the majority leader or by quietly placing a bill or nomination on hold. Given the modern Senate's scarce floor time, this threat is usually enough to table the disputed issue until the dissenting Senators cave or until there are definitely enough votes to invoke cloture.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "text": "Jan 20, 2012, “Meanwhile, back in Eastleigh, away from the filibustering in Westminster, Chris Huhne was able to concentrate on constituency business.”https://www.eastleighnews.co.uk/2012/01/daylight-saving-bill-runs-out-of-time/"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "politics",
          "politics"
        ],
        [
          "obstructionist",
          "obstructionist"
        ],
        [
          "tactic",
          "tactic"
        ],
        [
          "legislative",
          "legislative"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(originally and mainly US, politics) To use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "politics"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɪlɪbʌstə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɪləbʌstɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-filibuster.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/En-us-filibuster.ogg/En-us-filibuster.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/En-us-filibuster.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-au-filibuster.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/En-au-filibuster.ogg/En-au-filibuster.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/En-au-filibuster.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body",
      "word": "jarruttaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body",
      "word": "filibustern"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body",
      "word": "Obstruktion betreiben"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body",
      "word": "verschleppen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body",
      "word": "eine Verschleppungstaktik betreiben"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body",
      "word": "eine Hinhaltetaktik betreiben"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body",
      "word": "eine Verzögerungstaktik betreiben"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "kolysiergó",
      "sense": "to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body",
      "word": "κωλυσιεργώ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body",
      "word": "obstruál"
    },
    {
      "code": "yi",
      "lang": "Yiddish",
      "roman": "obstruirn",
      "sense": "to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body",
      "word": "אָבסטרויִרן"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Claude Rains",
    "James Stewart",
    "Mr. Smith Goes to Washington",
    "United States Senate"
  ],
  "word": "filibuster"
}

{
  "called_from": "translations/609-20230504",
  "msg": "Translation too long compared to word, so it is skipped",
  "path": [
    "filibuster"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "filibuster",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "translations/324",
  "msg": "possible sense number in translation item: Indonesian: __IGNORE__ (1)",
  "path": [
    "filibuster"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "filibuster",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "filibuster/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"antonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of “sense 2”\", \"word\": \"cloture\"}], \"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms borrowed from Spanish\", \"English terms derived from Dutch\", \"English terms derived from French\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from Spanish\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preyH-\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for plural forms in Indonesian entries\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"filibusterer\"}], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"費力把事拖\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Chinese: 費力把事拖／费力把事拖 (fèilìbǎshìtuō)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Chinese: 費力把事拖／费力把事拖 (fèilìbǎshìtuō)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"filibuster\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Dutch: filibuster\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Dutch: filibuster\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"id\", \"2\": \"filibuster\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Indonesian: filibuster\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Indonesian: filibuster\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*preyH-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"es\", \"3\": \"filibustero\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"pirate\"}, \"expansion\": \"Spanish filibustero (“pirate”)\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fr\", \"3\": \"flibustier\"}, \"expansion\": \"French flibustier\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"nl\", \"3\": \"vrijbuiter\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"freebooter\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch vrijbuiter (“freebooter”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"freebooter\"}, \"expansion\": \"English freebooter\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Borrowed from Spanish filibustero (“pirate”), from French flibustier, ultimately from Dutch vrijbuiter (“freebooter”), from vrij (“free”) + buit (“booty”) + -er (“agent”). The alteration in the first syllable in French is due to the word's being somewhat conflated with vlieboot (“light, flat-bottomed cargo vessel with two or three masts”) when it was borrowed into French or another language from Dutch. The word is cognate and analogous to English freebooter.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"filibusters\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"filibuster (plural filibusters)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"fi‧li‧bust‧er\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"flibustier\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1890, Lafcadio Hearn, Two Years in the French West Indies, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Bros., →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"These duties involved prodigious physical and mental exertion, in a climate deadly to Europeans. They also involved much voyaging in waters haunted by filibusters and buccaneers. But nothing appears to daunt Labat. As for the filibusters, he becomes their comrade and personal friend;—he even becomes their chaplain, and does not scruple to make excursions with them.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2002, E. John Gesick, Jr., “Filibusters”, in Lee Stacy, editor, Mexico and the United States, volume 1 (Acapulco, Guererro – Film in Mexico), Tarrytown, N.Y.: Marshall Cavendish, →ISBN, page 307, column 1:\", \"text\": \"Mexico's War of Independence (1810–1821) encouraged an increase in the activity of filibusters in northern Mexico, particularly Texas. Spain's concentration on repressing independence movements within Mexico created opportunities for filibusters to seize control of its northern frontier regions.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2012, William H. Brown, “Central America, Filibusters”, in Thomas M. Leonard, editor, Encyclopedia of U.S.–Latin American Relations, volumes 1 (A–E), Thousand Oaks, Calif.: CQ Press; London: SAGE Publications, →ISBN, pages 149, column 2 – 150, column 1:\", \"text\": \"Filibusters were American citizens who used armed force to procure economic and political influence beyond the borders of the United States from 1848–1861. Their efforts were directed mainly southward toward Cuba, Mexico, and the Central American republics. These illegal excursions disrupted diplomatic relations of the United States within its own hemisphere by damaging relations with Latin American countries and the United Kingdom.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2016, Andreas Beer, “The Nicaraguan Press and El Nicaraguense”, in A Transnational Analysis of Representations of the US Filibusters in Nicaragua, 1855–1857, New York, N.Y.: Palgrave Macmillan, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 95–96:\", \"text\": \"As they attempted to use the international press to their advantage, the filibusters were eager to counter any articles they perceived as misrepresenting their actions. […] [T]he filibusters took issue with what they called the \\\"Boletinero de Costarica\\\" and its outspoken condemnation of the filibuster presence in Nicaragua. […] Costa Rican periodicals were especially scorned by the filibusters for their constant rallying cries against the US usurpers.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A mercenary soldier; a freebooter; specifically, a mercenary who travelled illegally in an organized group from the United States to a country in Central America or the Spanish West Indies in the mid-19th century seeking economic and political benefits through armed force.\"], \"links\": [[\"mercenary\", \"mercenary\"], [\"soldier\", \"soldier\"], [\"freebooter\", \"freebooter\"], [\"travelled\", \"travel#Verb\"], [\"illegally\", \"illegally\"], [\"organized\", \"organized\"], [\"group\", \"group\"], [\"United States\", \"United States\"], [\"country\", \"country\"], [\"Central America\", \"Central America\"], [\"seek\", \"seek\"], [\"economic\", \"economic\"], [\"political\", \"political\"], [\"benefit\", \"benefit\"], [\"armed\", \"armed\"], [\"force\", \"force\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"en:US politics\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2010 April 22, Mimi Murray Digby Marziani, Diana Lee, “Statement for the Record, Brennan Center for Justice, New York, NY”, in Examining the Filibuster: Hearings before the Committee on Rules and Administration, United States Senate, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, Second Session, April 22, 2010, May 19, 2010, June 23, 2010, July 28, 2010, and September 22 and 29, 2010 (S. Hrg. 111-706), Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →ISBN, page 112:\", \"text\": \"No longer do filibustering Senators take the floor and speak until they are physically unable to filibuster any longer. Now, a filibuster typically begins when a Senator or group of Senators signals their intent to filibuster – which can be done by a private conversation with the majority leader or by quietly placing a bill or nomination on hold. Given the modern Senate's scarce floor time, this threat is usually enough to table the disputed issue until the dissenting Senators cave or until there are definitely enough votes to invoke cloture.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2010 October 14, “An own goal on gay rights”, in The Economist, archived from the original on 2016-04-23:\", \"text\": \"Then, last month, before the survey was finished and for reasons still unclear, the Democrats abruptly tried to attach a repeal of the law to the defence appropriations bill, a stratagem the Republicans defeated in a filibuster.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A tactic (such as giving long, often irrelevant speeches) employed to delay the proceedings of, or the making of a decision by, a legislative body, particularly the United States Senate.\"], \"links\": [[\"tactic\", \"tactic\"], [\"irrelevant\", \"irrelevant\"], [\"speech\", \"speech\"], [\"employed\", \"employ#Verb\"], [\"delay\", \"delay#Verb\"], [\"proceedings\", \"proceedings\"], [\"decision\", \"decision\"], [\"legislative\", \"legislative\"], [\"United States\", \"United States\"], [\"Senate\", \"senate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(US politics) A tactic (such as giving long, often irrelevant speeches) employed to delay the proceedings of, or the making of a decision by, a legislative body, particularly the United States Senate.\"], \"tags\": [\"US\"], \"topics\": [\"government\", \"politics\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:US politics\"], \"glosses\": [\"A member of a legislative body causing such an obstruction; a filibusterer.\"], \"links\": [[\"obstruction\", \"obstruction\"], [\"filibusterer\", \"filibusterer\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(US politics) A member of a legislative body causing such an obstruction; a filibusterer.\"], \"tags\": [\"US\"], \"topics\": [\"government\", \"politics\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈfɪlɪbʌstə(ɹ)/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈfɪləbʌstɚ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-filibuster.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/En-us-filibuster.ogg/En-us-filibuster.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/En-us-filibuster.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-au-filibuster.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/En-au-filibuster.ogg/En-au-filibuster.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/En-au-filibuster.ogg\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"mercenary soldier\", \"word\": \"mercenary\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"pirat\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"пират\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"filibuster\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"word\": \"fribytter\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"word\": \"flibustro\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"word\": \"palkkasoturi\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"word\": \"rosvo\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"flibustier\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Freibeuter\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"koursáros\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κουρσάρος\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"peiratís\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"πειρατής\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"word\": \"kalóz\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"word\": \"martalóc\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"word\": \"fosztogató\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"filibustiere\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"fribytter\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"flibusteiro\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"flibustʹjér\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"флибустье́р\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"pirát\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"пира́т\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"english\": \"mercenary\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"najómnik\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"наёмник\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"filibustero\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"filibusterisme\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"laai¹ bou³\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"拉布\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"冗長辯論\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"rǒngcháng biànlùn\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"冗长辩论\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"費力把事拖\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"fèilìbǎshìtuō\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"费力把事拖\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"filibuster\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"jarrutus\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"jarrutuspuhe\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"obstruction parlementaire\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Dauerrede\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Ermüdungsrede\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Filibuster\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kolysiergía\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κωλυσιεργία\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"obstrukció\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぎじぼうがい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"giji bōgai\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"議事妨害\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"pillibeoseuteo\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"필리버스터\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"filibuster\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"obstruktsye\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"אָבסטרוקציע\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"member of a legislative body causing such obstruction\", \"word\": \"filibuster\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"member of a legislative body causing such obstruction\", \"word\": \"jarruttaja\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"member of a legislative body causing such obstruction\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Dauerredner\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kolysiergós\", \"sense\": \"member of a legislative body causing such obstruction\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κωλυσιεργός\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"note\": \"obstruáló (optionally with a noun like ember/személy/képviselő etc.)\", \"sense\": \"member of a legislative body causing such obstruction\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"member of a legislative body causing such obstruction\", \"word\": \"obstrukcionista\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Claude Rains\", \"James Stewart\", \"Mr. Smith Goes to Washington\", \"United States Senate\"], \"word\": \"filibuster\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "filibuster",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "filibuster/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"antonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of “sense 2”\", \"word\": \"cloture\"}], \"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms borrowed from Spanish\", \"English terms derived from Dutch\", \"English terms derived from French\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from Spanish\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preyH-\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for plural forms in Indonesian entries\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"filibusterer\"}], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"費力把事拖\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Chinese: 費力把事拖／费力把事拖 (fèilìbǎshìtuō)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Chinese: 費力把事拖／费力把事拖 (fèilìbǎshìtuō)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"filibuster\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Dutch: filibuster\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Dutch: filibuster\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"id\", \"2\": \"filibuster\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Indonesian: filibuster\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Indonesian: filibuster\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*preyH-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"es\", \"3\": \"filibustero\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"pirate\"}, \"expansion\": \"Spanish filibustero (“pirate”)\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fr\", \"3\": \"flibustier\"}, \"expansion\": \"French flibustier\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"nl\", \"3\": \"vrijbuiter\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"freebooter\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch vrijbuiter (“freebooter”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"freebooter\"}, \"expansion\": \"English freebooter\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Borrowed from Spanish filibustero (“pirate”), from French flibustier, ultimately from Dutch vrijbuiter (“freebooter”), from vrij (“free”) + buit (“booty”) + -er (“agent”). The alteration in the first syllable in French is due to the word's being somewhat conflated with vlieboot (“light, flat-bottomed cargo vessel with two or three masts”) when it was borrowed into French or another language from Dutch. The word is cognate and analogous to English freebooter.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"filibusters\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"filibuster (plural filibusters)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"fi‧li‧bust‧er\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"flibustier\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1890, Lafcadio Hearn, Two Years in the French West Indies, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Bros., →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"These duties involved prodigious physical and mental exertion, in a climate deadly to Europeans. They also involved much voyaging in waters haunted by filibusters and buccaneers. But nothing appears to daunt Labat. As for the filibusters, he becomes their comrade and personal friend;—he even becomes their chaplain, and does not scruple to make excursions with them.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2002, E. John Gesick, Jr., “Filibusters”, in Lee Stacy, editor, Mexico and the United States, volume 1 (Acapulco, Guererro – Film in Mexico), Tarrytown, N.Y.: Marshall Cavendish, →ISBN, page 307, column 1:\", \"text\": \"Mexico's War of Independence (1810–1821) encouraged an increase in the activity of filibusters in northern Mexico, particularly Texas. Spain's concentration on repressing independence movements within Mexico created opportunities for filibusters to seize control of its northern frontier regions.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2012, William H. Brown, “Central America, Filibusters”, in Thomas M. Leonard, editor, Encyclopedia of U.S.–Latin American Relations, volumes 1 (A–E), Thousand Oaks, Calif.: CQ Press; London: SAGE Publications, →ISBN, pages 149, column 2 – 150, column 1:\", \"text\": \"Filibusters were American citizens who used armed force to procure economic and political influence beyond the borders of the United States from 1848–1861. Their efforts were directed mainly southward toward Cuba, Mexico, and the Central American republics. These illegal excursions disrupted diplomatic relations of the United States within its own hemisphere by damaging relations with Latin American countries and the United Kingdom.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2016, Andreas Beer, “The Nicaraguan Press and El Nicaraguense”, in A Transnational Analysis of Representations of the US Filibusters in Nicaragua, 1855–1857, New York, N.Y.: Palgrave Macmillan, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 95–96:\", \"text\": \"As they attempted to use the international press to their advantage, the filibusters were eager to counter any articles they perceived as misrepresenting their actions. […] [T]he filibusters took issue with what they called the \\\"Boletinero de Costarica\\\" and its outspoken condemnation of the filibuster presence in Nicaragua. […] Costa Rican periodicals were especially scorned by the filibusters for their constant rallying cries against the US usurpers.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A mercenary soldier; a freebooter; specifically, a mercenary who travelled illegally in an organized group from the United States to a country in Central America or the Spanish West Indies in the mid-19th century seeking economic and political benefits through armed force.\"], \"links\": [[\"mercenary\", \"mercenary\"], [\"soldier\", \"soldier\"], [\"freebooter\", \"freebooter\"], [\"travelled\", \"travel#Verb\"], [\"illegally\", \"illegally\"], [\"organized\", \"organized\"], [\"group\", \"group\"], [\"United States\", \"United States\"], [\"country\", \"country\"], [\"Central America\", \"Central America\"], [\"seek\", \"seek\"], [\"economic\", \"economic\"], [\"political\", \"political\"], [\"benefit\", \"benefit\"], [\"armed\", \"armed\"], [\"force\", \"force\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"en:US politics\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2010 April 22, Mimi Murray Digby Marziani, Diana Lee, “Statement for the Record, Brennan Center for Justice, New York, NY”, in Examining the Filibuster: Hearings before the Committee on Rules and Administration, United States Senate, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, Second Session, April 22, 2010, May 19, 2010, June 23, 2010, July 28, 2010, and September 22 and 29, 2010 (S. Hrg. 111-706), Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →ISBN, page 112:\", \"text\": \"No longer do filibustering Senators take the floor and speak until they are physically unable to filibuster any longer. Now, a filibuster typically begins when a Senator or group of Senators signals their intent to filibuster – which can be done by a private conversation with the majority leader or by quietly placing a bill or nomination on hold. Given the modern Senate's scarce floor time, this threat is usually enough to table the disputed issue until the dissenting Senators cave or until there are definitely enough votes to invoke cloture.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2010 October 14, “An own goal on gay rights”, in The Economist, archived from the original on 2016-04-23:\", \"text\": \"Then, last month, before the survey was finished and for reasons still unclear, the Democrats abruptly tried to attach a repeal of the law to the defence appropriations bill, a stratagem the Republicans defeated in a filibuster.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A tactic (such as giving long, often irrelevant speeches) employed to delay the proceedings of, or the making of a decision by, a legislative body, particularly the United States Senate.\"], \"links\": [[\"tactic\", \"tactic\"], [\"irrelevant\", \"irrelevant\"], [\"speech\", \"speech\"], [\"employed\", \"employ#Verb\"], [\"delay\", \"delay#Verb\"], [\"proceedings\", \"proceedings\"], [\"decision\", \"decision\"], [\"legislative\", \"legislative\"], [\"United States\", \"United States\"], [\"Senate\", \"senate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(US politics) A tactic (such as giving long, often irrelevant speeches) employed to delay the proceedings of, or the making of a decision by, a legislative body, particularly the United States Senate.\"], \"tags\": [\"US\"], \"topics\": [\"government\", \"politics\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:US politics\"], \"glosses\": [\"A member of a legislative body causing such an obstruction; a filibusterer.\"], \"links\": [[\"obstruction\", \"obstruction\"], [\"filibusterer\", \"filibusterer\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(US politics) A member of a legislative body causing such an obstruction; a filibusterer.\"], \"tags\": [\"US\"], \"topics\": [\"government\", \"politics\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈfɪlɪbʌstə(ɹ)/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈfɪləbʌstɚ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-filibuster.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/En-us-filibuster.ogg/En-us-filibuster.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/En-us-filibuster.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-au-filibuster.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/En-au-filibuster.ogg/En-au-filibuster.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/En-au-filibuster.ogg\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"mercenary soldier\", \"word\": \"mercenary\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"pirat\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"пират\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"filibuster\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"word\": \"fribytter\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"word\": \"flibustro\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"word\": \"palkkasoturi\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"word\": \"rosvo\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"flibustier\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Freibeuter\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"koursáros\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κουρσάρος\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"peiratís\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"πειρατής\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"word\": \"kalóz\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"word\": \"martalóc\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"word\": \"fosztogató\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"filibustiere\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"fribytter\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"flibusteiro\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"flibustʹjér\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"флибустье́р\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"pirát\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"пира́т\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"english\": \"mercenary\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"najómnik\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"наёмник\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"filibustero\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"filibusterisme\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"laai¹ bou³\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"拉布\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"冗長辯論\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"rǒngcháng biànlùn\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"冗长辩论\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"費力把事拖\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"fèilìbǎshìtuō\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"费力把事拖\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"filibuster\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"jarrutus\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"jarrutuspuhe\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"obstruction parlementaire\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Dauerrede\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Ermüdungsrede\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Filibuster\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kolysiergía\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κωλυσιεργία\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"obstrukció\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぎじぼうがい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"giji bōgai\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"議事妨害\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"pillibeoseuteo\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"필리버스터\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"filibuster\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"obstruktsye\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"אָבסטרוקציע\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"member of a legislative body causing such obstruction\", \"word\": \"filibuster\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"member of a legislative body causing such obstruction\", \"word\": \"jarruttaja\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"member of a legislative body causing such obstruction\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Dauerredner\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kolysiergós\", \"sense\": \"member of a legislative body causing such obstruction\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κωλυσιεργός\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"note\": \"obstruáló (optionally with a noun like ember/személy/képviselő etc.)\", \"sense\": \"member of a legislative body causing such obstruction\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"member of a legislative body causing such obstruction\", \"word\": \"obstrukcionista\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Claude Rains\", \"James Stewart\", \"Mr. Smith Goes to Washington\", \"United States Senate\"], \"word\": \"filibuster\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "filibuster",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
  "msg": "filibuster/English/noun: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"note\": \"obstru\\u00e1l\\u00f3 (optionally with a noun like ember/szem\\u00e9ly/k\\u00e9pvisel\\u0151 etc.)\", \"sense\": \"member of a legislative body causing such obstruction\"}: {\"antonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of “sense 2”\", \"word\": \"cloture\"}], \"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms borrowed from Spanish\", \"English terms derived from Dutch\", \"English terms derived from French\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from Spanish\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preyH-\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for plural forms in Indonesian entries\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"filibusterer\"}], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"費力把事拖\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Chinese: 費力把事拖／费力把事拖 (fèilìbǎshìtuō)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Chinese: 費力把事拖／费力把事拖 (fèilìbǎshìtuō)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"filibuster\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Dutch: filibuster\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Dutch: filibuster\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"id\", \"2\": \"filibuster\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Indonesian: filibuster\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Indonesian: filibuster\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*preyH-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"es\", \"3\": \"filibustero\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"pirate\"}, \"expansion\": \"Spanish filibustero (“pirate”)\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fr\", \"3\": \"flibustier\"}, \"expansion\": \"French flibustier\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"nl\", \"3\": \"vrijbuiter\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"freebooter\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch vrijbuiter (“freebooter”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"freebooter\"}, \"expansion\": \"English freebooter\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Borrowed from Spanish filibustero (“pirate”), from French flibustier, ultimately from Dutch vrijbuiter (“freebooter”), from vrij (“free”) + buit (“booty”) + -er (“agent”). The alteration in the first syllable in French is due to the word's being somewhat conflated with vlieboot (“light, flat-bottomed cargo vessel with two or three masts”) when it was borrowed into French or another language from Dutch. The word is cognate and analogous to English freebooter.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"filibusters\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"filibuster (plural filibusters)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"fi‧li‧bust‧er\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"flibustier\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1890, Lafcadio Hearn, Two Years in the French West Indies, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Bros., →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"These duties involved prodigious physical and mental exertion, in a climate deadly to Europeans. They also involved much voyaging in waters haunted by filibusters and buccaneers. But nothing appears to daunt Labat. As for the filibusters, he becomes their comrade and personal friend;—he even becomes their chaplain, and does not scruple to make excursions with them.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2002, E. John Gesick, Jr., “Filibusters”, in Lee Stacy, editor, Mexico and the United States, volume 1 (Acapulco, Guererro – Film in Mexico), Tarrytown, N.Y.: Marshall Cavendish, →ISBN, page 307, column 1:\", \"text\": \"Mexico's War of Independence (1810–1821) encouraged an increase in the activity of filibusters in northern Mexico, particularly Texas. Spain's concentration on repressing independence movements within Mexico created opportunities for filibusters to seize control of its northern frontier regions.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2012, William H. Brown, “Central America, Filibusters”, in Thomas M. Leonard, editor, Encyclopedia of U.S.–Latin American Relations, volumes 1 (A–E), Thousand Oaks, Calif.: CQ Press; London: SAGE Publications, →ISBN, pages 149, column 2 – 150, column 1:\", \"text\": \"Filibusters were American citizens who used armed force to procure economic and political influence beyond the borders of the United States from 1848–1861. Their efforts were directed mainly southward toward Cuba, Mexico, and the Central American republics. These illegal excursions disrupted diplomatic relations of the United States within its own hemisphere by damaging relations with Latin American countries and the United Kingdom.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2016, Andreas Beer, “The Nicaraguan Press and El Nicaraguense”, in A Transnational Analysis of Representations of the US Filibusters in Nicaragua, 1855–1857, New York, N.Y.: Palgrave Macmillan, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 95–96:\", \"text\": \"As they attempted to use the international press to their advantage, the filibusters were eager to counter any articles they perceived as misrepresenting their actions. […] [T]he filibusters took issue with what they called the \\\"Boletinero de Costarica\\\" and its outspoken condemnation of the filibuster presence in Nicaragua. […] Costa Rican periodicals were especially scorned by the filibusters for their constant rallying cries against the US usurpers.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A mercenary soldier; a freebooter; specifically, a mercenary who travelled illegally in an organized group from the United States to a country in Central America or the Spanish West Indies in the mid-19th century seeking economic and political benefits through armed force.\"], \"links\": [[\"mercenary\", \"mercenary\"], [\"soldier\", \"soldier\"], [\"freebooter\", \"freebooter\"], [\"travelled\", \"travel#Verb\"], [\"illegally\", \"illegally\"], [\"organized\", \"organized\"], [\"group\", \"group\"], [\"United States\", \"United States\"], [\"country\", \"country\"], [\"Central America\", \"Central America\"], [\"seek\", \"seek\"], [\"economic\", \"economic\"], [\"political\", \"political\"], [\"benefit\", \"benefit\"], [\"armed\", \"armed\"], [\"force\", \"force\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"en:US politics\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2010 April 22, Mimi Murray Digby Marziani, Diana Lee, “Statement for the Record, Brennan Center for Justice, New York, NY”, in Examining the Filibuster: Hearings before the Committee on Rules and Administration, United States Senate, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, Second Session, April 22, 2010, May 19, 2010, June 23, 2010, July 28, 2010, and September 22 and 29, 2010 (S. Hrg. 111-706), Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →ISBN, page 112:\", \"text\": \"No longer do filibustering Senators take the floor and speak until they are physically unable to filibuster any longer. Now, a filibuster typically begins when a Senator or group of Senators signals their intent to filibuster – which can be done by a private conversation with the majority leader or by quietly placing a bill or nomination on hold. Given the modern Senate's scarce floor time, this threat is usually enough to table the disputed issue until the dissenting Senators cave or until there are definitely enough votes to invoke cloture.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2010 October 14, “An own goal on gay rights”, in The Economist, archived from the original on 2016-04-23:\", \"text\": \"Then, last month, before the survey was finished and for reasons still unclear, the Democrats abruptly tried to attach a repeal of the law to the defence appropriations bill, a stratagem the Republicans defeated in a filibuster.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A tactic (such as giving long, often irrelevant speeches) employed to delay the proceedings of, or the making of a decision by, a legislative body, particularly the United States Senate.\"], \"links\": [[\"tactic\", \"tactic\"], [\"irrelevant\", \"irrelevant\"], [\"speech\", \"speech\"], [\"employed\", \"employ#Verb\"], [\"delay\", \"delay#Verb\"], [\"proceedings\", \"proceedings\"], [\"decision\", \"decision\"], [\"legislative\", \"legislative\"], [\"United States\", \"United States\"], [\"Senate\", \"senate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(US politics) A tactic (such as giving long, often irrelevant speeches) employed to delay the proceedings of, or the making of a decision by, a legislative body, particularly the United States Senate.\"], \"tags\": [\"US\"], \"topics\": [\"government\", \"politics\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:US politics\"], \"glosses\": [\"A member of a legislative body causing such an obstruction; a filibusterer.\"], \"links\": [[\"obstruction\", \"obstruction\"], [\"filibusterer\", \"filibusterer\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(US politics) A member of a legislative body causing such an obstruction; a filibusterer.\"], \"tags\": [\"US\"], \"topics\": [\"government\", \"politics\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈfɪlɪbʌstə(ɹ)/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈfɪləbʌstɚ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-filibuster.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/En-us-filibuster.ogg/En-us-filibuster.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/En-us-filibuster.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-au-filibuster.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/En-au-filibuster.ogg/En-au-filibuster.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/En-au-filibuster.ogg\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"mercenary soldier\", \"word\": \"mercenary\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"pirat\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"пират\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"filibuster\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"word\": \"fribytter\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"word\": \"flibustro\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"word\": \"palkkasoturi\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"word\": \"rosvo\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"flibustier\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Freibeuter\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"koursáros\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κουρσάρος\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"peiratís\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"πειρατής\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"word\": \"kalóz\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"word\": \"martalóc\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"word\": \"fosztogató\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"filibustiere\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"fribytter\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"flibusteiro\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"flibustʹjér\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"флибустье́р\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"pirát\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"пира́т\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"english\": \"mercenary\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"najómnik\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"наёмник\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"freebooter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"filibustero\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"filibusterisme\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"laai¹ bou³\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"拉布\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"冗長辯論\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"rǒngcháng biànlùn\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"冗长辩论\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"費力把事拖\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"fèilìbǎshìtuō\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"费力把事拖\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"filibuster\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"jarrutus\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"jarrutuspuhe\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"obstruction parlementaire\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Dauerrede\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Ermüdungsrede\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Filibuster\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kolysiergía\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κωλυσιεργία\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"obstrukció\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぎじぼうがい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"giji bōgai\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"議事妨害\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"pillibeoseuteo\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"word\": \"필리버스터\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"filibuster\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"obstruktsye\", \"sense\": \"long speech given in order to delay proceedings or the making of a decision\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"אָבסטרוקציע\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"member of a legislative body causing such obstruction\", \"word\": \"filibuster\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"member of a legislative body causing such obstruction\", \"word\": \"jarruttaja\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"member of a legislative body causing such obstruction\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Dauerredner\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kolysiergós\", \"sense\": \"member of a legislative body causing such obstruction\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κωλυσιεργός\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"note\": \"obstruáló (optionally with a noun like ember/személy/képviselő etc.)\", \"sense\": \"member of a legislative body causing such obstruction\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"member of a legislative body causing such obstruction\", \"word\": \"obstrukcionista\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Claude Rains\", \"James Stewart\", \"Mr. Smith Goes to Washington\", \"United States Senate\"], \"word\": \"filibuster\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "filibuster",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "filibuster/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms borrowed from Spanish\", \"English terms derived from Dutch\", \"English terms derived from French\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from Spanish\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preyH-\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for plural forms in Indonesian entries\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\"], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*preyH-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"es\", \"3\": \"filibustero\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"pirate\"}, \"expansion\": \"Spanish filibustero (“pirate”)\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fr\", \"3\": \"flibustier\"}, \"expansion\": \"French flibustier\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"nl\", \"3\": \"vrijbuiter\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"freebooter\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch vrijbuiter (“freebooter”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"freebooter\"}, \"expansion\": \"English freebooter\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Borrowed from Spanish filibustero (“pirate”), from French flibustier, ultimately from Dutch vrijbuiter (“freebooter”), from vrij (“free”) + buit (“booty”) + -er (“agent”). The alteration in the first syllable in French is due to the word's being somewhat conflated with vlieboot (“light, flat-bottomed cargo vessel with two or three masts”) when it was borrowed into French or another language from Dutch. The word is cognate and analogous to English freebooter.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"filibusters\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"filibustering\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"filibustered\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"filibustered\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"filibuster (third-person singular simple present filibusters, present participle filibustering, simple past and past participle filibustered)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"fi‧li‧bust‧er\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2012, William H. Brown, “Central America, Filibusters”, in Thomas M. Leonard, editor, Encyclopedia of U.S.–Latin American Relations, volumes 1 (A–E), Thousand Oaks, Calif.: CQ Press; London: SAGE Publications, →ISBN, page 150, column 2:\", \"text\": \"According to U.S. law, filibustering was a violation of the Neutrality Law of 1818, which prohibited the organization within the United States of any armed force that intended to attack a friendly foreign power. The American government attempted, through the enforcement of this law, to prevent its citizens from filibustering, mostly by preventing potential filibustering groups from organizing and collecting arms for future operations.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To take part in a private military action in a foreign country.\"], \"links\": [[\"private\", \"private\"], [\"military\", \"military\"], [\"action\", \"action\"], [\"foreign\", \"foreign\"], [\"country\", \"country\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"en:Politics\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1919, William Roscoe Thayer, chapter 11, in Theodore Roosevelt: An Intimate Biography, Boston, Mass., New York, N.Y.: Houghton Mifflin Company, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"But as the case had dragged on interminably, and he believed, and the world believed, and the Canadians themselves knew, that they intended to filibuster and postpone as long as possible, he took the common-sense way to a settlement.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1957, Special Subcommittee on Amendments to Rule XXII, Committee on Rules and Administration, United States Senate, Proposed Amendments to Rule XXII of the Standing Rules of the Senate, Relating to Cloture: Hearings before a Special Subcommittee on Rules and Administration, United States Senate, Eighty-fifth Congress, First Session, on S. Res. 17, S. Res. 19, S. Res. 21, S. Res. 28, S. Res. 29, S. Res. 30, S. Res. 32, S. Res. 171, Resolutions Proposing Amendments to Rule XXII of the Standing Rules of the Senate. June 17, 24, 25, 28, July 2, 9, 16, 1957, Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, →OCLC, page 305:\", \"text\": \"1901—Senator Carter successfully filibustered a river and harbor bill because it failed to include certain additional appropriations.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2010 April 22, Mimi Murray Digby Marziani, Diana Lee, “Statement for the Record, Brennan Center for Justice, New York, NY”, in Examining the Filibuster: Hearings before the Committee on Rules and Administration, United States Senate, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, Second Session, April 22, 2010, May 19, 2010, June 23, 2010, July 28, 2010, and September 22 and 29, 2010 (S. Hrg. 111-706), Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →ISBN, page 112:\", \"text\": \"No longer do filibustering Senators take the floor and speak until they are physically unable to filibuster any longer. Now, a filibuster typically begins when a Senator or group of Senators signals their intent to filibuster – which can be done by a private conversation with the majority leader or by quietly placing a bill or nomination on hold. Given the modern Senate's scarce floor time, this threat is usually enough to table the disputed issue until the dissenting Senators cave or until there are definitely enough votes to invoke cloture.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"text\": \"Jan 20, 2012, “Meanwhile, back in Eastleigh, away from the filibustering in Westminster, Chris Huhne was able to concentrate on constituency business.”https://www.eastleighnews.co.uk/2012/01/daylight-saving-bill-runs-out-of-time/\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body.\"], \"links\": [[\"politics\", \"politics\"], [\"obstructionist\", \"obstructionist\"], [\"tactic\", \"tactic\"], [\"legislative\", \"legislative\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(originally and mainly US, politics) To use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body.\"], \"topics\": [\"government\", \"politics\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈfɪlɪbʌstə(ɹ)/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈfɪləbʌstɚ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-filibuster.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/En-us-filibuster.ogg/En-us-filibuster.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/En-us-filibuster.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-au-filibuster.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/En-au-filibuster.ogg/En-au-filibuster.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/En-au-filibuster.ogg\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body\", \"word\": \"jarruttaa\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body\", \"word\": \"filibustern\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body\", \"word\": \"Obstruktion betreiben\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body\", \"word\": \"verschleppen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body\", \"word\": \"eine Verschleppungstaktik betreiben\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body\", \"word\": \"eine Hinhaltetaktik betreiben\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body\", \"word\": \"eine Verzögerungstaktik betreiben\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kolysiergó\", \"sense\": \"to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body\", \"word\": \"κωλυσιεργώ\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body\", \"word\": \"obstruál\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"obstruirn\", \"sense\": \"to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body\", \"word\": \"אָבסטרויִרן\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Claude Rains\", \"James Stewart\", \"Mr. Smith Goes to Washington\", \"United States Senate\"], \"word\": \"filibuster\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "filibuster",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "filibuster/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms borrowed from Spanish\", \"English terms derived from Dutch\", \"English terms derived from French\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from Spanish\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preyH-\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for plural forms in Indonesian entries\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\"], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*preyH-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"es\", \"3\": \"filibustero\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"pirate\"}, \"expansion\": \"Spanish filibustero (“pirate”)\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fr\", \"3\": \"flibustier\"}, \"expansion\": \"French flibustier\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"nl\", \"3\": \"vrijbuiter\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"freebooter\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch vrijbuiter (“freebooter”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"freebooter\"}, \"expansion\": \"English freebooter\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Borrowed from Spanish filibustero (“pirate”), from French flibustier, ultimately from Dutch vrijbuiter (“freebooter”), from vrij (“free”) + buit (“booty”) + -er (“agent”). The alteration in the first syllable in French is due to the word's being somewhat conflated with vlieboot (“light, flat-bottomed cargo vessel with two or three masts”) when it was borrowed into French or another language from Dutch. The word is cognate and analogous to English freebooter.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"filibusters\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"filibustering\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"filibustered\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"filibustered\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"filibuster (third-person singular simple present filibusters, present participle filibustering, simple past and past participle filibustered)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"fi‧li‧bust‧er\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2012, William H. Brown, “Central America, Filibusters”, in Thomas M. Leonard, editor, Encyclopedia of U.S.–Latin American Relations, volumes 1 (A–E), Thousand Oaks, Calif.: CQ Press; London: SAGE Publications, →ISBN, page 150, column 2:\", \"text\": \"According to U.S. law, filibustering was a violation of the Neutrality Law of 1818, which prohibited the organization within the United States of any armed force that intended to attack a friendly foreign power. The American government attempted, through the enforcement of this law, to prevent its citizens from filibustering, mostly by preventing potential filibustering groups from organizing and collecting arms for future operations.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To take part in a private military action in a foreign country.\"], \"links\": [[\"private\", \"private\"], [\"military\", \"military\"], [\"action\", \"action\"], [\"foreign\", \"foreign\"], [\"country\", \"country\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"en:Politics\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1919, William Roscoe Thayer, chapter 11, in Theodore Roosevelt: An Intimate Biography, Boston, Mass., New York, N.Y.: Houghton Mifflin Company, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"But as the case had dragged on interminably, and he believed, and the world believed, and the Canadians themselves knew, that they intended to filibuster and postpone as long as possible, he took the common-sense way to a settlement.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1957, Special Subcommittee on Amendments to Rule XXII, Committee on Rules and Administration, United States Senate, Proposed Amendments to Rule XXII of the Standing Rules of the Senate, Relating to Cloture: Hearings before a Special Subcommittee on Rules and Administration, United States Senate, Eighty-fifth Congress, First Session, on S. Res. 17, S. Res. 19, S. Res. 21, S. Res. 28, S. Res. 29, S. Res. 30, S. Res. 32, S. Res. 171, Resolutions Proposing Amendments to Rule XXII of the Standing Rules of the Senate. June 17, 24, 25, 28, July 2, 9, 16, 1957, Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, →OCLC, page 305:\", \"text\": \"1901—Senator Carter successfully filibustered a river and harbor bill because it failed to include certain additional appropriations.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2010 April 22, Mimi Murray Digby Marziani, Diana Lee, “Statement for the Record, Brennan Center for Justice, New York, NY”, in Examining the Filibuster: Hearings before the Committee on Rules and Administration, United States Senate, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, Second Session, April 22, 2010, May 19, 2010, June 23, 2010, July 28, 2010, and September 22 and 29, 2010 (S. Hrg. 111-706), Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →ISBN, page 112:\", \"text\": \"No longer do filibustering Senators take the floor and speak until they are physically unable to filibuster any longer. Now, a filibuster typically begins when a Senator or group of Senators signals their intent to filibuster – which can be done by a private conversation with the majority leader or by quietly placing a bill or nomination on hold. Given the modern Senate's scarce floor time, this threat is usually enough to table the disputed issue until the dissenting Senators cave or until there are definitely enough votes to invoke cloture.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"text\": \"Jan 20, 2012, “Meanwhile, back in Eastleigh, away from the filibustering in Westminster, Chris Huhne was able to concentrate on constituency business.”https://www.eastleighnews.co.uk/2012/01/daylight-saving-bill-runs-out-of-time/\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body.\"], \"links\": [[\"politics\", \"politics\"], [\"obstructionist\", \"obstructionist\"], [\"tactic\", \"tactic\"], [\"legislative\", \"legislative\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(originally and mainly US, politics) To use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body.\"], \"topics\": [\"government\", \"politics\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈfɪlɪbʌstə(ɹ)/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈfɪləbʌstɚ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-filibuster.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/En-us-filibuster.ogg/En-us-filibuster.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/En-us-filibuster.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-au-filibuster.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/En-au-filibuster.ogg/En-au-filibuster.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/En-au-filibuster.ogg\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body\", \"word\": \"jarruttaa\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body\", \"word\": \"filibustern\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body\", \"word\": \"Obstruktion betreiben\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body\", \"word\": \"verschleppen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body\", \"word\": \"eine Verschleppungstaktik betreiben\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body\", \"word\": \"eine Hinhaltetaktik betreiben\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body\", \"word\": \"eine Verzögerungstaktik betreiben\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kolysiergó\", \"sense\": \"to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body\", \"word\": \"κωλυσιεργώ\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body\", \"word\": \"obstruál\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"obstruirn\", \"sense\": \"to use obstructionist tactics in a legislative body\", \"word\": \"אָבסטרויִרן\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Claude Rains\", \"James Stewart\", \"Mr. Smith Goes to Washington\", \"United States Senate\"], \"word\": \"filibuster\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "filibuster",
  "trace": ""
}