"Seoul" meaning in English

See Seoul in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Proper name

IPA: /səʊl/ [Received-Pronunciation], /soʊl/ [General-American] Audio: En-us-sole.ogg
enPR: sōl [General-American] Rhymes: -əʊl Etymology: From Korean 서울 (Seoul, literally “capital city”), originally from Claude-Charles Dallet's French-based romanization of Korean, reinforced by the 1959 South Korean Ministry of Education romanization of Korean, which transcribed the Korean vowel ㅓ (/⁠ʌ⁠/) with the digraph "eo" and which was official until 1984. Note that English Seoul predates the Revised Romanization romanization of Seoul. The two romanization systems simply produce identical forms. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|ko|^서울|lit=capital city}} Korean 서울 (Seoul, literally “capital city”), {{cog|en|Seoul}} English Seoul Head templates: {{en-proper noun}} Seoul
  1. The capital city of South Korea, also the historical capital of Korea from 1394 until the country was divided in 1945. Wikidata QID: Q8684 Categories (place): Cities in South Korea, National capitals, Places in South Korea, Seoul Synonyms (from Japanese): Keijō Translations (capital of South Korea): Seoel (Afrikaans), Seoul [masculine] (Albanian), Seuli [masculine] (Albanian), ሴኡል (seʾul) [masculine] (Amharic), ሶል (sol) [masculine] (Amharic), سِيئُول (sīʔūl) [masculine] (Arabic), سِيُول (siyūl) [feminine] (Arabic), سُول (sōl) [feminine] (Arabic), سِيول (siyōl) [Hijazi-Arabic] (Arabic), Սեուլ (Seul) (Armenian), ছিউল (siul) (Assamese), Seúl (Asturian), Seul (Azerbaijani), Сеул (Sewl) (Bashkir), Seul (Basque), Сеу́л (Sjeúl) [masculine] (Belarusian), Сэу́л (Seúl) [masculine] (Belarusian), সিওল (śiōl) (Bengali), সউল (śoul) (Bengali), Сеу́л (Seúl) [masculine] (Bulgarian), ဆီယူ (hciyu) (Burmese), Соул (english: Soul) [masculine] (Carpathian Rusyn), Seül (Catalan), سێئول (sê'ul) (Central Kurdish), سیئۆل (sî'ol) (Central Kurdish), 首爾 [Hokkien] (Chinese), 首尔 (Siú-ní, Siú-jíⁿ) [Hokkien] (Chinese), 漢城 [Hokkien] (Chinese), 汉城 (Hàn-siâⁿ) [Hokkien] (Chinese), 首爾 (Chinese Cantonese), 首尔 (sau² ji⁵) (Chinese Cantonese), 漢城 (Chinese Cantonese), 汉城 (english: hon³ sing⁴) (Chinese Cantonese), 首爾 (Chinese Mandarin), 首尔 (Shǒu'ěr) (Chinese Mandarin), 漢城 (Chinese Mandarin), 汉城 (Hànchéng) (Chinese Mandarin), Seul [feminine] (Corsican), Soul [masculine] (Czech), Seoul [neuter] (Danish), Seoel [neuter] (Dutch), Seoul [neuter] (Dutch), 首爾 (Eastern Min Chinese), 首尔 (Siū-ī) (Eastern Min Chinese), 漢城 (Eastern Min Chinese), 汉城 (Háng-siàng) (Eastern Min Chinese), Seulo (Esperanto), Soul (Estonian), Soul (Finnish), Séoul [feminine, masculine] (French), Seul (Gagauz), Seúl [feminine, masculine] (Galician), სეული (seuli) (Georgian), Seoul [neuter] (German), Söul [neuter, rare] (German), Soul [neuter] (German), Σεούλ (Seoúl) [feminine] (Greek), Seoul [feminine, masculine] (Haitian Creole), 首爾 (Hakka Chinese), 首尔 (Sú-ngì) (Hakka Chinese), 漢城 (Hakka Chinese), 汉城 (Hon-sàng) (Hakka Chinese), סיאול (Hebrew), सिऊल (siūl) [masculine] (Hindi), सियूल (siyūl) [masculine] (Hindi), सियोल (siyol) [masculine] (Hindi), Szöul (Hungarian), Seúl [neuter] (Icelandic), Seoul (Indonesian), Súl [masculine] (Irish), Seul [feminine] (Italian), Seoul [feminine, masculine] (Italian), Siol (Jamaican Creole), ソウル (Souru) (Japanese), 서울 (seoul) (Jeju), 서월 (seowol) (Jeju), Sewuuli (Kabiyé), Seyul (Kabyle), ಸೌಲ್ (saul) (Kannada), Seul [masculine] (Kashubian), Сеул (Seul) (Kazakh), សេអ៊ូល (seeʼuul) (Khmer), 서울 [Seoul] (Korean), Сеул (Seul) (Kyrgyz), ເຊອູນ (sē ʼūn) (Lao), Seulum [New-Latin, neuter] (Latin), Seula [feminine] (Latvian), Seoel [neuter] (Limburgish), Sɔul (Lingala), Seoul (Lingala), Seulas [masculine] (Lithuanian), Soul [masculine] (Lower Sorbian), Сеул (Seul) [masculine] (Macedonian), Seoul (Malay), സോൾ (sōḷ) (Malayalam), Seul [masculine] (Maltese), Heora (Maori), सोल (sol) [neuter] (Marathi), Сөүл (Söül) [Cyrillic] (Mongolian), Seul (Nahuatl), Sééʼool (Navajo), सिउल (siul) (Nepali), सोल (sol) (Nepali), Sêûl (Northern Kurdish), سئوٙل (seyūl) (Northern Luri), Seoul (Norwegian Bokmål), Seol [masculine] (Occitan), ସିଓଲ (siola) (Odia), سېول (seūl) (Pashto), سیول (siyūl) (Pashto), سئول (se'ul) (Persian), Séoul (Picard), Soel (Pitcairn-Norfolk), Seul [masculine] (Polish), Seul [feminine, masculine] (Portuguese), ਸਿਓਲ (siola) [masculine] (Punjabi), Siyul (Quechua), Seul (Quechua), Seul [neuter] (Romanian), Сеу́л (Seúl) [masculine] (Russian), Seuls [masculine] (Samogitian), Seul [feminine] (Sardinian), Seoul (Scots), Сеул [Cyrillic, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), Seul [Roman, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), Seul [feminine] (Sicilian), سيول (siyūl) (Sindhi), සෝල් (sōl) (Sinhalese), Soul [masculine] (Slovak), Seul [masculine] (Slovene), Seúl [masculine] (Spanish), Söul [neuter] (Swedish), Seoul [neuter] (Swedish), Seúl (Tagalog), Seoul (Tagalog), Seyúl (Tagalog), Seyol (Tagalog), Сеул (Seul) (Tajik), சியோல் (ciyōl) (Tamil), Сеул (Sewl) (Tatar), సియోల్ (siyōl) (Telugu), โซล (sool) (Thai), เซอูล [obsolete] (Thai), སེ་ཨུལ (se ul) (Tibetan), Sol (Tok Pisin), Seul (Turkish), Seul (Turkmen), Сеу́л (Seúl) [masculine] (Ukrainian), Seoul [masculine] (Upper Sorbian), سیئول (siyūl) [masculine] (Urdu), سیول (seūl) [masculine] (Urdu), سؤل (sawūl) [masculine] (Urdu), سېئول (së'ol) (Uyghur), Seul (Uzbek), Xơ-un (Vietnamese), Xê-un (Vietnamese), Hán Thành (alt: 漢城) (Vietnamese), Seyoul [feminine, masculine] (Walloon), Seûl [neuter] (West Frisian), Seoel [neuter] (West Frisian), 首爾 (Wu Chinese), 首尔 (⁵seu-er) (Wu Chinese), 漢城 (Wu Chinese), 汉城 (⁵hoe-zen) (Wu Chinese), Сеул (Seul) (Yakut), סעאָל (seol) [neuter] (Yiddish), Soujwj (Zhuang)
    Sense id: en-Seoul-en-name-en:Q8684 Disambiguation of 'from Japanese': 97 3 Disambiguation of 'capital of South Korea': 72 28
  2. (metonymically) the South Korean government Tags: metonymically
    Sense id: en-Seoul-en-name-GpZCQNaN Categories (other): English metonyms, Eastern Min terms with redundant transliterations, English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 8 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Afrikaans translations, Terms with Albanian translations, Terms with Amharic translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Assamese translations, Terms with Asturian translations, Terms with Azerbaijani translations, Terms with Bashkir translations, Terms with Basque translations, Terms with Belarusian translations, Terms with Bengali translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Burmese translations, Terms with Cantonese translations, Terms with Carpathian Rusyn translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Central Kurdish translations, Terms with Corsican translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Eastern Min translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Estonian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Gagauz translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Haitian Creole translations, Terms with Hakka translations, Terms with Hebrew translations, Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations, Terms with Hindi translations, Terms with Hokkien translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Icelandic translations, Terms with Indonesian translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Jamaican Creole translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Jeju translations, Terms with Kabiyé translations, Terms with Kabyle translations, Terms with Kannada translations, Terms with Kashubian translations, Terms with Kazakh translations, Terms with Khmer translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Kyrgyz translations, Terms with Lao translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Limburgish translations, Terms with Lingala translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Lower Sorbian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Malay translations, Terms with Malayalam translations, Terms with Maltese translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Maori translations, Terms with Marathi translations, Terms with Mongolian translations, Terms with Nahuatl translations, Terms with Navajo translations, Terms with Nepali translations, Terms with Northern Kurdish translations, Terms with Northern Luri translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Occitan translations, Terms with Odia translations, Terms with Pashto translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Picard translations, Terms with Pitcairn-Norfolk translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Punjabi translations, Terms with Quechua translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Samogitian translations, Terms with Sardinian translations, Terms with Scots translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Sicilian translations, Terms with Sindhi translations, Terms with Sinhalese translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Tagalog translations, Terms with Tajik translations, Terms with Tamil translations, Terms with Tatar translations, Terms with Telugu translations, Terms with Thai translations, Terms with Tibetan translations, Terms with Tok Pisin translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Turkmen translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Upper Sorbian translations, Terms with Urdu translations, Terms with Uyghur translations, Terms with Uzbek translations, Terms with Vietnamese translations, Terms with Walloon translations, Terms with West Frisian translations, Terms with Wu translations, Terms with Yakut translations, Terms with Yiddish translations, Terms with Zhuang translations Disambiguation of Eastern Min terms with redundant transliterations: 42 58 Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 18 82 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 15 85 Disambiguation of Pages with 8 entries: 17 83 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 17 83 Disambiguation of Terms with Afrikaans translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Albanian translations: 9 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Amharic translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 14 86 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 10 90 Disambiguation of Terms with Assamese translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Asturian translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Azerbaijani translations: 9 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Bashkir translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Basque translations: 10 90 Disambiguation of Terms with Belarusian translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Bengali translations: 9 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 7 93 Disambiguation of Terms with Burmese translations: 10 90 Disambiguation of Terms with Cantonese translations: 10 90 Disambiguation of Terms with Carpathian Rusyn translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Central Kurdish translations: 4 96 Disambiguation of Terms with Corsican translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 10 90 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 9 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Eastern Min translations: 5 95 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Estonian translations: 7 93 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 9 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Gagauz translations: 10 90 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 13 87 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 10 90 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Haitian Creole translations: 10 90 Disambiguation of Terms with Hakka translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Hebrew translations: 14 86 Disambiguation of Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations: 5 95 Disambiguation of Terms with Hindi translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Hokkien translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Icelandic translations: 9 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Indonesian translations: 7 93 Disambiguation of Terms with Irish translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Jamaican Creole translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Jeju translations: 10 90 Disambiguation of Terms with Kabiyé translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Kabyle translations: 14 86 Disambiguation of Terms with Kannada translations: 13 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Kashubian translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Kazakh translations: 9 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Khmer translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Kyrgyz translations: 9 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Lao translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 7 93 Disambiguation of Terms with Limburgish translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Lingala translations: 3 97 Disambiguation of Terms with Lithuanian translations: 7 93 Disambiguation of Terms with Lower Sorbian translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Malay translations: 10 90 Disambiguation of Terms with Malayalam translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Maltese translations: 10 90 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 13 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Maori translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Marathi translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Mongolian translations: 7 93 Disambiguation of Terms with Nahuatl translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Navajo translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Nepali translations: 10 90 Disambiguation of Terms with Northern Kurdish translations: 9 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Northern Luri translations: 15 85 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Occitan translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Odia translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Pashto translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Persian translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Picard translations: 10 90 Disambiguation of Terms with Pitcairn-Norfolk translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 9 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Punjabi translations: 9 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Quechua translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 7 93 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Samogitian translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Sardinian translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Scots translations: 9 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 10 90 Disambiguation of Terms with Sicilian translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Sindhi translations: 14 86 Disambiguation of Terms with Sinhalese translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 7 93 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovene translations: 10 90 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 7 93 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 9 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Tagalog translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Tajik translations: 9 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Tamil translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Tatar translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Telugu translations: 13 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Thai translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Tibetan translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Tok Pisin translations: 3 97 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 9 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkmen translations: 7 93 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 9 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Upper Sorbian translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Urdu translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Uyghur translations: 10 90 Disambiguation of Terms with Uzbek translations: 9 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Vietnamese translations: 9 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Walloon translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with West Frisian translations: 16 84 Disambiguation of Terms with Wu translations: 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Yakut translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Yiddish translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Zhuang translations: 13 87
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: Hanseong [historical], Hanyang Synonyms (from Mandarin Chinese): Han-ch'eng Derived forms: Seoulite Related terms: Pyongyang, capital city of North Korea
Disambiguation of 'from Mandarin Chinese': 45 55

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Seoulite"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ko",
        "3": "^서울",
        "lit": "capital city"
      },
      "expansion": "Korean 서울 (Seoul, literally “capital city”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "Seoul"
      },
      "expansion": "English Seoul",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Korean 서울 (Seoul, literally “capital city”), originally from Claude-Charles Dallet's French-based romanization of Korean, reinforced by the 1959 South Korean Ministry of Education romanization of Korean, which transcribed the Korean vowel ㅓ (/⁠ʌ⁠/) with the digraph \"eo\" and which was official until 1984.\nNote that English Seoul predates the Revised Romanization romanization of Seoul. The two romanization systems simply produce identical forms.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Seoul",
      "name": "en-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Pyongyang"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "capital city of North Korea"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Cities in South Korea",
          "orig": "en:Cities in South Korea",
          "parents": [
            "Cities",
            "Places",
            "Polities",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "National capitals",
          "orig": "en:National capitals",
          "parents": [
            "Capital cities",
            "Cities",
            "Polities",
            "Places",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Places in South Korea",
          "orig": "en:Places in South Korea",
          "parents": [
            "Places",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Seoul",
          "orig": "en:Seoul",
          "parents": [
            "South Korea",
            "Asia",
            "Korea",
            "Earth",
            "Eurasia",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1956, Harry S. Truman, chapter 21, in Memoirs of Harry S. Truman: Years of Trial And Hope, volume II, Doubleday & Company, →OCLC, page 320:",
          "text": "The Joint Commission provided for in the Moscow agreement began its work at Seoul, the ancient capital of Korea, on March 20, 1946. This Commission, which was, of course, the key element in the plan agreed upon at Moscow, was deadlocked almost from the start.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2023 March 21, Dong-hwan Ko, “Possibly next SOHO, Seoul selects 5 neighborhoods for new signature 'K-alleys'”, in The Korea Times, archived from the original on 2023-05-13, National:",
          "text": "With almost 10 million people living in 25 different districts and the Han River through the middle, Seoul offers more than even most locals who spend a considerable amount of time have time to see for themselves.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2023 May 7, Michelle Ye Hee Lee, “Japanese prime minister visits Seoul, resuming ‘shuttle diplomacy’”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-05-07, Asia:",
          "text": "Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida on Sunday met with South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol in Seoul, reciprocating Yoon’s visit to Tokyo in March. In doing so, the two leaders marked the revival of their “shuttle diplomacy” to hold negotiations in each other’s countries and work through a series of thorny issues that have complicated their ties.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The capital city of South Korea, also the historical capital of Korea from 1394 until the country was divided in 1945."
      ],
      "id": "en-Seoul-en-name-en:Q8684",
      "links": [
        [
          "capital city",
          "capital city"
        ],
        [
          "South Korea",
          "South Korea#English"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:Q8684"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "97 3",
          "sense": "from Japanese",
          "word": "Keijō"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Seoel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Seoul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Seuli"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "am",
          "lang": "Amharic",
          "roman": "seʾul",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ሴኡል"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "am",
          "lang": "Amharic",
          "roman": "sol",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ሶል"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "sīʔūl",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "سِيئُول"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "siyūl",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "سِيُول"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "sōl",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "سُول"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "acw",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "siyōl",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "Hijazi-Arabic"
          ],
          "word": "سِيول"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "Seul",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Սեուլ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "as",
          "lang": "Assamese",
          "roman": "siul",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "ছিউল"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ast",
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Seúl"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Seul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ba",
          "lang": "Bashkir",
          "roman": "Sewl",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Сеул"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "eu",
          "lang": "Basque",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Seul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "Sjeúl",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Сеу́л"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "Seúl",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Сэу́л"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "bn",
          "lang": "Bengali",
          "roman": "śiōl",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "সিওল"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "bn",
          "lang": "Bengali",
          "roman": "śoul",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "সউল"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "Seúl",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Сеу́л"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "my",
          "lang": "Burmese",
          "roman": "hciyu",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "ဆီယူ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "rue",
          "english": "Soul",
          "lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Соул"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Seül"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "yue",
          "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "首爾"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "yue",
          "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
          "roman": "sau² ji⁵",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "首尔"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "yue",
          "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "漢城"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "yue",
          "english": "hon³ sing⁴",
          "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "汉城"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "cdo",
          "lang": "Eastern Min Chinese",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "首爾"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "cdo",
          "lang": "Eastern Min Chinese",
          "roman": "Siū-ī",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "首尔"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "cdo",
          "lang": "Eastern Min Chinese",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "漢城"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "cdo",
          "lang": "Eastern Min Chinese",
          "roman": "Háng-siàng",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "汉城"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "hak",
          "lang": "Hakka Chinese",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "首爾"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "hak",
          "lang": "Hakka Chinese",
          "roman": "Sú-ngì",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "首尔"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "hak",
          "lang": "Hakka Chinese",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "漢城"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "hak",
          "lang": "Hakka Chinese",
          "roman": "Hon-sàng",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "汉城"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "nan-hbl",
          "lang": "Chinese",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "首爾"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "nan-hbl",
          "lang": "Chinese",
          "roman": "Siú-ní, Siú-jíⁿ",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "首尔"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "nan-hbl",
          "lang": "Chinese",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "漢城"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "nan-hbl",
          "lang": "Chinese",
          "roman": "Hàn-siâⁿ",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "汉城"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "首爾"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "Shǒu'ěr",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "首尔"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "漢城"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "Hànchéng",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "汉城"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "wuu",
          "lang": "Wu Chinese",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "首爾"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "wuu",
          "lang": "Wu Chinese",
          "roman": "⁵seu-er",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "首尔"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "wuu",
          "lang": "Wu Chinese",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "漢城"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "wuu",
          "lang": "Wu Chinese",
          "roman": "⁵hoe-zen",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "汉城"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "co",
          "lang": "Corsican",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Seul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Soul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Seoul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Seoel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Seoul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Seulo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Soul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Soul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Séoul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "gag",
          "lang": "Gagauz",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Seul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Seúl"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "seuli",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "სეული"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Seoul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "neuter",
            "rare"
          ],
          "word": "Söul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Soul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "Seoúl",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Σεούλ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ht",
          "lang": "Haitian Creole",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Seoul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "סיאול"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "siūl",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "सिऊल"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "siyūl",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "सियूल"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "siyol",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "सियोल"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Szöul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Seúl"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Seoul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Súl"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Seul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Seoul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "jam",
          "lang": "Jamaican Creole",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Siol"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "Souru",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "ソウル"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "jje",
          "lang": "Jeju",
          "roman": "seoul",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "서울"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "jje",
          "lang": "Jeju",
          "roman": "seowol",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "서월"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "kbp",
          "lang": "Kabiyé",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Sewuuli"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "kab",
          "lang": "Kabyle",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Seyul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "kn",
          "lang": "Kannada",
          "roman": "saul",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "ಸೌಲ್"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "csb",
          "lang": "Kashubian",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Seul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "Seul",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Сеул"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "seeʼuul",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "សេអ៊ូល"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "Seoul"
          ],
          "word": "서울"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ckb",
          "lang": "Central Kurdish",
          "roman": "sê'ul",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "سێئول"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ckb",
          "lang": "Central Kurdish",
          "roman": "sî'ol",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "سیئۆل"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Sêûl"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "Seul",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Сеул"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "lo",
          "lang": "Lao",
          "roman": "sē ʼūn",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "ເຊອູນ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "New-Latin",
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Seulum"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Seula"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "li",
          "lang": "Limburgish",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Seoel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ln",
          "lang": "Lingala",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Sɔul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ln",
          "lang": "Lingala",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Seoul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Seulas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "Seul",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Сеул"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Seoul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ml",
          "lang": "Malayalam",
          "roman": "sōḷ",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "സോൾ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "mt",
          "lang": "Maltese",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Seul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Heora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "mr",
          "lang": "Marathi",
          "roman": "sol",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "सोल"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "mn",
          "lang": "Mongolian",
          "roman": "Söül",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "Сөүл"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "nah",
          "lang": "Nahuatl",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Seul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "nv",
          "lang": "Navajo",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Sééʼool"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ne",
          "lang": "Nepali",
          "roman": "siul",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "सिउल"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ne",
          "lang": "Nepali",
          "roman": "sol",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "सोल"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "lrc",
          "lang": "Northern Luri",
          "roman": "seyūl",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "سئوٙل"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Seoul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Seol"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "or",
          "lang": "Odia",
          "roman": "siola",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "ସିଓଲ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ps",
          "lang": "Pashto",
          "roman": "seūl",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "سېول"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ps",
          "lang": "Pashto",
          "roman": "siyūl",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "سیول"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "se'ul",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "سئول"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "pcd",
          "lang": "Picard",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Séoul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "pih",
          "lang": "Pitcairn-Norfolk",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Soel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Seul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Seul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "pa",
          "lang": "Punjabi",
          "roman": "siola",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ਸਿਓਲ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "qu",
          "lang": "Quechua",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Siyul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "qu",
          "lang": "Quechua",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Seul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Seul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "Seúl",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Сеу́л"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "sgs",
          "lang": "Samogitian",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Seuls"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "sc",
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Seul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "sco",
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "tl",
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          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "tl",
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          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
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          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "སེ་ཨུལ"
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "lang": "Tok Pisin",
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "lang": "Turkmen",
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "word": "Сеу́л"
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "word": "Seul"
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "lang": "Walloon",
          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "lang": "West Frisian",
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
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          "lang": "Yakut",
          "roman": "Seul",
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          "word": "Сеул"
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "yi",
          "lang": "Yiddish",
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          "sense": "capital of South Korea",
          "tags": [
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          "word": "סעאָל"
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          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "za",
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          "_dis": "12 88",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 88",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Odia translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 92",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Pashto translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 92",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Persian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 90",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Picard translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 89",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Pitcairn-Norfolk translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 92",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 91",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 91",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Punjabi translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 88",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Quechua translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 93",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 92",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 89",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Samogitian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 89",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Sardinian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 91",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Scots translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 90",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 89",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Sicilian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 86",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Sindhi translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 88",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Sinhalese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 93",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 90",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 93",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 91",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 89",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 91",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Tajik translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 89",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Tamil translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 88",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Tatar translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 87",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Telugu translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 92",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Thai translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 92",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Tibetan translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 97",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Tok Pisin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 91",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 93",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Turkmen translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 91",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 88",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 89",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 90",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Uyghur translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 91",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Uzbek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 91",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 89",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Walloon translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 84",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with West Frisian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 92",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Wu translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 89",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Yakut translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 88",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Yiddish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 87",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Zhuang translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2022 June 21, “Seoul representative taking more ‘systematic’ approach”, in Taipei Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-06-20, Taiwan News, page 2:",
          "text": "To that end, Seoul and Taipei signed a reciprocal driver’s license agreement in February, with immediate effect, to make driving easier for visitors on each side, he said.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2023 May 7, Michelle Ye Hee Lee, “Japanese prime minister visits Seoul, resuming ‘shuttle diplomacy’”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-05-07, Asia:",
          "text": "After years of friction, Seoul and Tokyo are trying to collaborate more closely with each other and Washington to counter the looming geopolitical threats of China’s economic and military rise and North Korea’s nuclear ambitions. The Biden administration has welcomed their efforts.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the South Korean government"
      ],
      "id": "en-Seoul-en-name-GpZCQNaN",
      "links": [
        [
          "South Korean",
          "South Korean"
        ],
        [
          "government",
          "government"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(metonymically) the South Korean government"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "metonymically"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/səʊl/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "enpr": "sōl",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/soʊl/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-sole.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/24/En-us-sole.ogg/En-us-sole.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/En-us-sole.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-əʊl"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "sole"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "soul"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "sowl"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "word": "Hanseong"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Hanyang"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "45 55",
      "sense": "from Mandarin Chinese",
      "word": "Han-ch'eng"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Claude-Charles Dallet",
    "Seoul"
  ],
  "word": "Seoul"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Eastern Min terms with redundant transliterations",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English proper nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Korean",
    "English terms derived from Korean",
    "English terms with homophones",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 8 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/əʊl",
    "Rhymes:English/əʊl/1 syllable",
    "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
    "Terms with Albanian translations",
    "Terms with Amharic translations",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Assamese translations",
    "Terms with Asturian translations",
    "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
    "Terms with Bashkir translations",
    "Terms with Basque translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Bengali translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Burmese translations",
    "Terms with Cantonese translations",
    "Terms with Carpathian Rusyn translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
    "Terms with Corsican translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Eastern Min translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Estonian translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Gagauz translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
    "Terms with Hakka translations",
    "Terms with Hebrew translations",
    "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Hindi translations",
    "Terms with Hokkien translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Icelandic translations",
    "Terms with Indonesian translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Jamaican Creole translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Jeju translations",
    "Terms with Kabiyé translations",
    "Terms with Kabyle translations",
    "Terms with Kannada translations",
    "Terms with Kashubian translations",
    "Terms with Kazakh translations",
    "Terms with Khmer translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
    "Terms with Lao translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Limburgish translations",
    "Terms with Lingala translations",
    "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
    "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Malay translations",
    "Terms with Malayalam translations",
    "Terms with Maltese translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Maori translations",
    "Terms with Marathi translations",
    "Terms with Mongolian translations",
    "Terms with Nahuatl translations",
    "Terms with Navajo translations",
    "Terms with Nepali translations",
    "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
    "Terms with Northern Luri translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Occitan translations",
    "Terms with Odia translations",
    "Terms with Pashto translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Picard translations",
    "Terms with Pitcairn-Norfolk translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Punjabi translations",
    "Terms with Quechua translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Samogitian translations",
    "Terms with Sardinian translations",
    "Terms with Scots translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Sicilian translations",
    "Terms with Sindhi translations",
    "Terms with Sinhalese translations",
    "Terms with Slovak translations",
    "Terms with Slovene translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Tagalog translations",
    "Terms with Tajik translations",
    "Terms with Tamil translations",
    "Terms with Tatar translations",
    "Terms with Telugu translations",
    "Terms with Thai translations",
    "Terms with Tibetan translations",
    "Terms with Tok Pisin translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Turkmen translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations",
    "Terms with Urdu translations",
    "Terms with Uyghur translations",
    "Terms with Uzbek translations",
    "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
    "Terms with Walloon translations",
    "Terms with West Frisian translations",
    "Terms with Wu translations",
    "Terms with Yakut translations",
    "Terms with Yiddish translations",
    "Terms with Zhuang translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "Seoulite"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ko",
        "3": "^서울",
        "lit": "capital city"
      },
      "expansion": "Korean 서울 (Seoul, literally “capital city”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "Seoul"
      },
      "expansion": "English Seoul",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Korean 서울 (Seoul, literally “capital city”), originally from Claude-Charles Dallet's French-based romanization of Korean, reinforced by the 1959 South Korean Ministry of Education romanization of Korean, which transcribed the Korean vowel ㅓ (/⁠ʌ⁠/) with the digraph \"eo\" and which was official until 1984.\nNote that English Seoul predates the Revised Romanization romanization of Seoul. The two romanization systems simply produce identical forms.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Seoul",
      "name": "en-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "Pyongyang"
    },
    {
      "word": "capital city of North Korea"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Cities in South Korea",
        "en:National capitals",
        "en:Places in South Korea",
        "en:Seoul"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1956, Harry S. Truman, chapter 21, in Memoirs of Harry S. Truman: Years of Trial And Hope, volume II, Doubleday & Company, →OCLC, page 320:",
          "text": "The Joint Commission provided for in the Moscow agreement began its work at Seoul, the ancient capital of Korea, on March 20, 1946. This Commission, which was, of course, the key element in the plan agreed upon at Moscow, was deadlocked almost from the start.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2023 March 21, Dong-hwan Ko, “Possibly next SOHO, Seoul selects 5 neighborhoods for new signature 'K-alleys'”, in The Korea Times, archived from the original on 2023-05-13, National:",
          "text": "With almost 10 million people living in 25 different districts and the Han River through the middle, Seoul offers more than even most locals who spend a considerable amount of time have time to see for themselves.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2023 May 7, Michelle Ye Hee Lee, “Japanese prime minister visits Seoul, resuming ‘shuttle diplomacy’”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-05-07, Asia:",
          "text": "Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida on Sunday met with South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol in Seoul, reciprocating Yoon’s visit to Tokyo in March. In doing so, the two leaders marked the revival of their “shuttle diplomacy” to hold negotiations in each other’s countries and work through a series of thorny issues that have complicated their ties.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The capital city of South Korea, also the historical capital of Korea from 1394 until the country was divided in 1945."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "capital city",
          "capital city"
        ],
        [
          "South Korea",
          "South Korea#English"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:Q8684"
      ],
      "wikidata": [
        "Q8684"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English metonyms",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2022 June 21, “Seoul representative taking more ‘systematic’ approach”, in Taipei Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-06-20, Taiwan News, page 2:",
          "text": "To that end, Seoul and Taipei signed a reciprocal driver’s license agreement in February, with immediate effect, to make driving easier for visitors on each side, he said.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2023 May 7, Michelle Ye Hee Lee, “Japanese prime minister visits Seoul, resuming ‘shuttle diplomacy’”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-05-07, Asia:",
          "text": "After years of friction, Seoul and Tokyo are trying to collaborate more closely with each other and Washington to counter the looming geopolitical threats of China’s economic and military rise and North Korea’s nuclear ambitions. The Biden administration has welcomed their efforts.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the South Korean government"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "South Korean",
          "South Korean"
        ],
        [
          "government",
          "government"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(metonymically) the South Korean government"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "metonymically"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/səʊl/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "enpr": "sōl",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/soʊl/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-sole.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/24/En-us-sole.ogg/En-us-sole.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/En-us-sole.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-əʊl"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "sole"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "soul"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "sowl"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "word": "Hanseong"
    },
    {
      "sense": "from Japanese",
      "word": "Keijō"
    },
    {
      "sense": "from Mandarin Chinese",
      "word": "Han-ch'eng"
    },
    {
      "word": "Hanyang"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seoel"
    },
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Seoul"
    },
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Seuli"
    },
    {
      "code": "am",
      "lang": "Amharic",
      "roman": "seʾul",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ሴኡል"
    },
    {
      "code": "am",
      "lang": "Amharic",
      "roman": "sol",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ሶል"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "sīʔūl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "سِيئُول"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "siyūl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "سِيُول"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "sōl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "سُول"
    },
    {
      "code": "acw",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "siyōl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "Hijazi-Arabic"
      ],
      "word": "سِيول"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "Seul",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Սեուլ"
    },
    {
      "code": "as",
      "lang": "Assamese",
      "roman": "siul",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "ছিউল"
    },
    {
      "code": "ast",
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seúl"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seul"
    },
    {
      "code": "ba",
      "lang": "Bashkir",
      "roman": "Sewl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Сеул"
    },
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seul"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "Sjeúl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Сеу́л"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "Seúl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Сэу́л"
    },
    {
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "śiōl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "সিওল"
    },
    {
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "śoul",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "সউল"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "Seúl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Сеу́л"
    },
    {
      "code": "my",
      "lang": "Burmese",
      "roman": "hciyu",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "ဆီယူ"
    },
    {
      "code": "rue",
      "english": "Soul",
      "lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Соул"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seül"
    },
    {
      "code": "yue",
      "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "首爾"
    },
    {
      "code": "yue",
      "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
      "roman": "sau² ji⁵",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "首尔"
    },
    {
      "code": "yue",
      "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "漢城"
    },
    {
      "code": "yue",
      "english": "hon³ sing⁴",
      "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "汉城"
    },
    {
      "code": "cdo",
      "lang": "Eastern Min Chinese",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "首爾"
    },
    {
      "code": "cdo",
      "lang": "Eastern Min Chinese",
      "roman": "Siū-ī",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "首尔"
    },
    {
      "code": "cdo",
      "lang": "Eastern Min Chinese",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "漢城"
    },
    {
      "code": "cdo",
      "lang": "Eastern Min Chinese",
      "roman": "Háng-siàng",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "汉城"
    },
    {
      "code": "hak",
      "lang": "Hakka Chinese",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "首爾"
    },
    {
      "code": "hak",
      "lang": "Hakka Chinese",
      "roman": "Sú-ngì",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "首尔"
    },
    {
      "code": "hak",
      "lang": "Hakka Chinese",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "漢城"
    },
    {
      "code": "hak",
      "lang": "Hakka Chinese",
      "roman": "Hon-sàng",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "汉城"
    },
    {
      "code": "nan-hbl",
      "lang": "Chinese",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "首爾"
    },
    {
      "code": "nan-hbl",
      "lang": "Chinese",
      "roman": "Siú-ní, Siú-jíⁿ",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "首尔"
    },
    {
      "code": "nan-hbl",
      "lang": "Chinese",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "漢城"
    },
    {
      "code": "nan-hbl",
      "lang": "Chinese",
      "roman": "Hàn-siâⁿ",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "汉城"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "首爾"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "Shǒu'ěr",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "首尔"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "漢城"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "Hànchéng",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "汉城"
    },
    {
      "code": "wuu",
      "lang": "Wu Chinese",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "首爾"
    },
    {
      "code": "wuu",
      "lang": "Wu Chinese",
      "roman": "⁵seu-er",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "首尔"
    },
    {
      "code": "wuu",
      "lang": "Wu Chinese",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "漢城"
    },
    {
      "code": "wuu",
      "lang": "Wu Chinese",
      "roman": "⁵hoe-zen",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "汉城"
    },
    {
      "code": "co",
      "lang": "Corsican",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Seul"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Soul"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Seoul"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Seoel"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Seoul"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seulo"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Soul"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Soul"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Séoul"
    },
    {
      "code": "gag",
      "lang": "Gagauz",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seul"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Seúl"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "seuli",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "სეული"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Seoul"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "rare"
      ],
      "word": "Söul"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Soul"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "Seoúl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Σεούλ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ht",
      "lang": "Haitian Creole",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Seoul"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "סיאול"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "siūl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "सिऊल"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "siyūl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "सियूल"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "siyol",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "सियोल"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Szöul"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Seúl"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seoul"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Súl"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Seul"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Seoul"
    },
    {
      "code": "jam",
      "lang": "Jamaican Creole",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Siol"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "Souru",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "ソウル"
    },
    {
      "code": "jje",
      "lang": "Jeju",
      "roman": "seoul",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "서울"
    },
    {
      "code": "jje",
      "lang": "Jeju",
      "roman": "seowol",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "서월"
    },
    {
      "code": "kbp",
      "lang": "Kabiyé",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Sewuuli"
    },
    {
      "code": "kab",
      "lang": "Kabyle",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seyul"
    },
    {
      "code": "kn",
      "lang": "Kannada",
      "roman": "saul",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "ಸೌಲ್"
    },
    {
      "code": "csb",
      "lang": "Kashubian",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Seul"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "Seul",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Сеул"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "seeʼuul",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "សេអ៊ូល"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "Seoul"
      ],
      "word": "서울"
    },
    {
      "code": "ckb",
      "lang": "Central Kurdish",
      "roman": "sê'ul",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "سێئول"
    },
    {
      "code": "ckb",
      "lang": "Central Kurdish",
      "roman": "sî'ol",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "سیئۆل"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Sêûl"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "Seul",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Сеул"
    },
    {
      "code": "lo",
      "lang": "Lao",
      "roman": "sē ʼūn",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "ເຊອູນ"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "New-Latin",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Seulum"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Seula"
    },
    {
      "code": "li",
      "lang": "Limburgish",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Seoel"
    },
    {
      "code": "ln",
      "lang": "Lingala",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Sɔul"
    },
    {
      "code": "ln",
      "lang": "Lingala",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seoul"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Seulas"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "Seul",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Сеул"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seoul"
    },
    {
      "code": "ml",
      "lang": "Malayalam",
      "roman": "sōḷ",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "സോൾ"
    },
    {
      "code": "mt",
      "lang": "Maltese",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Seul"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Heora"
    },
    {
      "code": "mr",
      "lang": "Marathi",
      "roman": "sol",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "सोल"
    },
    {
      "code": "mn",
      "lang": "Mongolian",
      "roman": "Söül",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "Сөүл"
    },
    {
      "code": "nah",
      "lang": "Nahuatl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seul"
    },
    {
      "code": "nv",
      "lang": "Navajo",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Sééʼool"
    },
    {
      "code": "ne",
      "lang": "Nepali",
      "roman": "siul",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "सिउल"
    },
    {
      "code": "ne",
      "lang": "Nepali",
      "roman": "sol",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "सोल"
    },
    {
      "code": "lrc",
      "lang": "Northern Luri",
      "roman": "seyūl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "سئوٙل"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seoul"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Seol"
    },
    {
      "code": "or",
      "lang": "Odia",
      "roman": "siola",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "ସିଓଲ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ps",
      "lang": "Pashto",
      "roman": "seūl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "سېول"
    },
    {
      "code": "ps",
      "lang": "Pashto",
      "roman": "siyūl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "سیول"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "se'ul",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "سئول"
    },
    {
      "code": "pcd",
      "lang": "Picard",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Séoul"
    },
    {
      "code": "pih",
      "lang": "Pitcairn-Norfolk",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Soel"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Seul"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Seul"
    },
    {
      "code": "pa",
      "lang": "Punjabi",
      "roman": "siola",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ਸਿਓਲ"
    },
    {
      "code": "qu",
      "lang": "Quechua",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Siyul"
    },
    {
      "code": "qu",
      "lang": "Quechua",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seul"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Seul"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "Seúl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Сеу́л"
    },
    {
      "code": "sgs",
      "lang": "Samogitian",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Seuls"
    },
    {
      "code": "sc",
      "lang": "Sardinian",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Seul"
    },
    {
      "code": "sco",
      "lang": "Scots",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seoul"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Сеул"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Seul"
    },
    {
      "code": "scn",
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Seul"
    },
    {
      "code": "sd",
      "lang": "Sindhi",
      "roman": "siyūl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "سيول"
    },
    {
      "code": "si",
      "lang": "Sinhalese",
      "roman": "sōl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "සෝල්"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Soul"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Seul"
    },
    {
      "code": "dsb",
      "lang": "Lower Sorbian",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Soul"
    },
    {
      "code": "hsb",
      "lang": "Upper Sorbian",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Seoul"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Seúl"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Söul"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Seoul"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seúl"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seoul"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seyúl"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seyol"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "Seul",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Сеул"
    },
    {
      "code": "ta",
      "lang": "Tamil",
      "roman": "ciyōl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "சியோல்"
    },
    {
      "code": "tt",
      "lang": "Tatar",
      "roman": "Sewl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Сеул"
    },
    {
      "code": "te",
      "lang": "Telugu",
      "roman": "siyōl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "సియోల్"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "sool",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "โซล"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "เซอูล"
    },
    {
      "code": "bo",
      "lang": "Tibetan",
      "roman": "se ul",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "སེ་ཨུལ"
    },
    {
      "code": "tpi",
      "lang": "Tok Pisin",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Sol"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seul"
    },
    {
      "code": "tk",
      "lang": "Turkmen",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seul"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "Seúl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Сеу́л"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "siyūl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "سیئول"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "seūl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "سیول"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "sawūl",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "سؤل"
    },
    {
      "code": "ug",
      "lang": "Uyghur",
      "roman": "së'ol",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "سېئول"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Seul"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Xơ-un"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Xê-un"
    },
    {
      "alt": "漢城",
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Hán Thành"
    },
    {
      "code": "wa",
      "lang": "Walloon",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Seyoul"
    },
    {
      "code": "fy",
      "lang": "West Frisian",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Seûl"
    },
    {
      "code": "fy",
      "lang": "West Frisian",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Seoel"
    },
    {
      "code": "sah",
      "lang": "Yakut",
      "roman": "Seul",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Сеул"
    },
    {
      "code": "yi",
      "lang": "Yiddish",
      "roman": "seol",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "סעאָל"
    },
    {
      "code": "za",
      "lang": "Zhuang",
      "sense": "capital of South Korea",
      "word": "Soujwj"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Claude-Charles Dallet",
    "Seoul"
  ],
  "word": "Seoul"
}

Download raw JSONL data for Seoul meaning in English (27.2kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
  "msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": Seogwipo vs. seowol",
  "path": [
    "Seoul"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "proper noun",
  "title": "Seoul",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.