See 辛 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 辛 meaning in Chinese (28.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Xiàxīn",
"word": "下辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Xiàxīndiàn",
"word": "下辛店"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "不辭辛勞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "不辞辛劳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "備嘗辛苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "备尝辛苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "千辛百苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "qiānxīnwànkǔ",
"word": "千辛萬苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "qiānxīnwànkǔ",
"word": "千辛万苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "后辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "吃辛受苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "吃辛吃苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hánxīnrúkǔ",
"word": "含辛茹苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bēixīn",
"word": "悲辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "攞苦嚟辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "𫽋苦嚟辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "熬辛吃苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "白辛樹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "白辛树"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "萬苦千辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "万苦千辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "mìxīn",
"word": "秘辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xìxīn",
"word": "細辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xìxīn",
"word": "细辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jiānxīn",
"word": "艱辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jiānxīn",
"word": "艰辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "芥辛絲子"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "芥辛丝子"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "芥辛菜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kǔxīn",
"word": "苦辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "茹苦含辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "葷辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "荤辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xīnláo",
"word": "辛勞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xīnláo",
"word": "辛劳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xīnqín",
"word": "辛勤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xīnyí",
"word": "辛夷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "辛寒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Xīnzhà",
"word": "辛榨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "辛盤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "辛盘"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xīnkǔ",
"word": "辛苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "辛螫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xīnxīnkǔkǔ",
"word": "辛辛苦苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xīnlà",
"word": "辛辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xīnsuān",
"word": "辛酸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "酸辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "馬腳細辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "马脚细辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "高辛氏"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*m-sin",
"4": "",
"5": "liver; heart; bile; bitter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-sin (“liver; heart; bile; bitter”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "མཆིན",
"3": "",
"4": "liver"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan མཆིན (mchin, “liver”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "သည်း",
"3": "",
"4": "liver"
},
"expansion": "Burmese သည်း (sany:, “liver”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "txg",
"2": "𗮰",
"3": "",
"4": "liver"
},
"expansion": "Tangut 𗮰 (*sji², “liver”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Gong, 2002"
},
"expansion": "Gong, 2002",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-sin (“liver; heart; bile; bitter”); compare Tibetan མཆིན (mchin, “liver”), Burmese သည်း (sany:, “liver”), Tangut 𗮰 (*sji², “liver”) (Gong, 2002; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "辛",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "spicy",
"roman": "xīnlà",
"text": "辛辣"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spicy; hot; pungent"
],
"id": "en-辛-zh-character-hLLhuX-f",
"links": [
[
"spicy",
"spicy"
],
[
"hot",
"hot"
],
[
"pungent",
"pungent"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "laborious",
"roman": "xīnkǔ",
"text": "辛苦"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hard; laborious; toilsome"
],
"id": "en-辛-zh-character-ugp5GcVT",
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"laborious",
"laborious"
],
[
"toilsome",
"toilsome"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "bitter",
"roman": "xīnsuān",
"text": "辛酸"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sorrowful; miserable; hard"
],
"id": "en-辛-zh-character-3Ljmc7l2",
"links": [
[
"sorrowful",
"sorrowful"
],
[
"miserable",
"miserable"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Xin Qiji (Chinese poet during the Southern Song dynasty)",
"roman": "Xīn Qìjí",
"text": "辛棄疾／辛弃疾"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"id": "en-辛-zh-character-v2O7m9sM",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "xīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "xin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "xin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "san¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "sîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "xin¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "séng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "sĭng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "sin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "sing¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹shin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "sin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "hsin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "syīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "синь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "sinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xin"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "sān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "san¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "sen¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɐn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "sîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "xin´"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "xin¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "séng"
},
{
"ipa": "/seiŋ⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "sĭng"
},
{
"ipa": "/siŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "sin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "syn"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sin³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "sing"
},
{
"ipa": "/siŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹shin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "shin^平"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹xin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ɕin⁵³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "sin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[s]i[n]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*siŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɐn⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/seiŋ⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵³/"
},
{
"other": "[s]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*siŋ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Classical-Chinese"
],
"word": "辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "辛辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Beijing"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tianjin"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tangshan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Cangzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Baoding"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Shijiazhuang"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Chifeng"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Hailar",
"Hulunbuir"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Harbin"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Shenyang"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Muping",
"Yantai"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Qingdao"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Jinan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wanrong"
],
"word": "麻"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Zhengzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xi'an"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yinchuan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Lanzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xining"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Ürümqi"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wuhan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Chongqing"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Guiyang"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Kunming"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Guilin"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Liuzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xuzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yangzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Nanjing"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Hefei"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Nantong"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Malaysia"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Dongguan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yangjiang"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangfu",
"Kuala-Lumpur"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangfu",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangfu"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Lichuan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Pingxiang"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Dongguan",
"Qingxi"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Wengyuan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Liannan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Jiexi"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Xiuzhuan",
"Zhao'an"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Changting"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Wuping",
"Yanqian"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Ninghua"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yudu"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Ningdu"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sandu",
"Tonggu"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Ganzhou",
"Panlong"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Dayu"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Northern"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Pingtung"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hsinchu-County"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Taichung"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yunlin"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Mengshan",
"Xihe"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Luchuan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Huiyang",
"Senai"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Huizhou",
"Jixi"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Huizhou",
"Shexian"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Xinzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Linhe"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Jining"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Hohhot"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Zhangjiakou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Handan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Zhao'an"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "薟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Taipei"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Kaohsiung"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Yilan"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Lukang"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Taichung"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Kinmen"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Penang"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Penang"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Manila"
],
"word": "風"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Manila"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Chaozhou"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Jieyang"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Bangkok",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Johor-Bahru",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Singapore",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Wenchang"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Haikou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Qionghai"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Southern-Pinghua",
"Nanning",
"Tingzi"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Chaozhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Chongming",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Suzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Danyang"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Hangzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Ningbo"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Wenzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Jinhua"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Jinhua"
],
"word": "辣農"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Changsha"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Loudi"
],
"word": "辣"
}
],
"word": "辛"
}
{
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiǎ",
"word": "甲"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "yǐ",
"word": "乙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "bǐng",
"word": "丙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "丁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "wù",
"word": "戊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jǐ",
"word": "己"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gēng",
"word": "庚"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "rén",
"word": "壬"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "guǐ",
"word": "癸"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "庚辛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "辛丑和約"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "辛丑和约"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "Xīnhài Gémìng",
"word": "辛亥革命"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "辛"
},
"expansion": "辛",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "辛",
"2": "しん",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "辛(しん) (shin)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "신(辛)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 신(辛) (sin)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "辛",
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "辛",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "tân",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "辛"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: tân (辛)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "辛",
"2": "しん",
"3": "신",
"4": "tân",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "辛",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "辛",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "辛",
"v": "辛",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (辛):\n* → Japanese: 辛(しん) (shin)\n* → Korean: 신(辛) (sin)\n* → Vietnamese: tân (辛)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "しん",
"3": "신",
"4": "tân"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (辛):\n* → Japanese: 辛(しん) (shin)\n* → Korean: 신(辛) (sin)\n* → Vietnamese: tân (辛)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (辛):\n* → Japanese: 辛(しん) (shin)\n* → Korean: 신(辛) (sin)\n* → Vietnamese: tân (辛)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "sin",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Zhuang: sin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Zhuang: sin"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Smith (2011)"
},
"expansion": "Smith (2011)",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Smith (2011) proposes that the name for the heavenly stem is based on the Boötes constellation, which resembles an awl; it may be related to Etymology 1 with the “sharp” semantics connecting the two.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "辛",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 12 6 10 28 14 13 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 5 5 7 14 8 6 6 3 0 2 14 14 0 6 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"_dis1": "83 9 8",
"roman": "tiāngān",
"sense": "Chinese heavenly stems",
"word": "天干"
}
],
"glosses": [
"eighth of the ten heavenly stems"
],
"id": "en-辛-zh-character-ByVFQZ7P",
"links": [
[
"eighth",
"eighth"
],
[
"heavenly stem",
"heavenly stem"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"eighth; number 8; VIII"
],
"id": "en-辛-zh-character-250plJb1",
"links": [
[
"eighth",
"eighth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in a list) eighth; number 8; VIII"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in a list"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Organic chemistry",
"orig": "zh:Organic chemistry",
"parents": [
"Chemistry",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"octa-"
],
"id": "en-辛-zh-character-dVI~QxIo",
"links": [
[
"organic chemistry",
"organic chemistry"
],
[
"octa-",
"octa-"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(organic chemistry) octa-"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"organic-chemistry",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "xīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "xin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "xin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "san¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "sîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "xin¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "séng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "sĭng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "sin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "sing¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹shin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "sin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "hsin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "syīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "синь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "sinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xin"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "sān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "san¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "sen¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɐn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "sîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "xin´"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "xin¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "séng"
},
{
"ipa": "/seiŋ⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "sĭng"
},
{
"ipa": "/siŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "sin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "syn"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sin³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "sing"
},
{
"ipa": "/siŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹shin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "shin^平"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹xin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ɕin⁵³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "sin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*si[n]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*siŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɐn⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/seiŋ⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵³/"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*siŋ/"
}
],
"word": "辛"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "en",
"3": "symplectic",
"4": "symplectic",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "English symplectic",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "en",
"3": "symplectic",
"4": "symplectic"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English symplectic",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English symplectic.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "辛",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Mathematics",
"orig": "zh:Mathematics",
"parents": [
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"symplectic"
],
"id": "en-辛-zh-character-GplooXln",
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"symplectic",
"symplectic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics, attributive) symplectic"
],
"tags": [
"attributive"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "xīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "xin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "san¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "sin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "hsin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "syīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "синь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "sinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "sān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "san¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "sen¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɐn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɐn⁵⁵/"
}
],
"word": "辛"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "辛",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "dài'àoxīn",
"word": "戴奧辛"
},
{
"roman": "dài'àoxīn",
"word": "戴奥辛"
},
{
"roman": "Hè'ěrxīnjī",
"word": "赫爾辛基"
},
{
"roman": "Hè'ěrxīnjī",
"word": "赫尔辛基"
},
{
"roman": "Xīnbāwēi",
"word": "辛巴威"
},
{
"word": "辛巴達"
},
{
"word": "辛巴达"
},
{
"roman": "Xīnxīnnàtí",
"word": "辛辛那提"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in transcription."
],
"id": "en-辛-zh-character-bH31v-y3"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "xīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "xin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "san¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "sin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "hsin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "syīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "синь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "sinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "sān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "san¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "sen¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɐn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɐn⁵⁵/"
}
],
"word": "辛"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min proper nouns",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Northern Min adjectives",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min proper nouns",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "Xiàxīn",
"word": "下辛"
},
{
"roman": "Xiàxīndiàn",
"word": "下辛店"
},
{
"word": "不辭辛勞"
},
{
"word": "不辞辛劳"
},
{
"word": "備嘗辛苦"
},
{
"word": "备尝辛苦"
},
{
"word": "千辛百苦"
},
{
"roman": "qiānxīnwànkǔ",
"word": "千辛萬苦"
},
{
"roman": "qiānxīnwànkǔ",
"word": "千辛万苦"
},
{
"word": "后辛"
},
{
"word": "吃辛受苦"
},
{
"word": "吃辛吃苦"
},
{
"roman": "hánxīnrúkǔ",
"word": "含辛茹苦"
},
{
"roman": "bēixīn",
"word": "悲辛"
},
{
"word": "攞苦嚟辛"
},
{
"word": "𫽋苦嚟辛"
},
{
"word": "熬辛吃苦"
},
{
"word": "白辛樹"
},
{
"word": "白辛树"
},
{
"word": "萬苦千辛"
},
{
"word": "万苦千辛"
},
{
"roman": "mìxīn",
"word": "秘辛"
},
{
"roman": "xìxīn",
"word": "細辛"
},
{
"roman": "xìxīn",
"word": "细辛"
},
{
"roman": "jiānxīn",
"word": "艱辛"
},
{
"roman": "jiānxīn",
"word": "艰辛"
},
{
"word": "芥辛絲子"
},
{
"word": "芥辛丝子"
},
{
"word": "芥辛菜"
},
{
"roman": "kǔxīn",
"word": "苦辛"
},
{
"word": "茹苦含辛"
},
{
"word": "葷辛"
},
{
"word": "荤辛"
},
{
"roman": "xīnláo",
"word": "辛勞"
},
{
"roman": "xīnláo",
"word": "辛劳"
},
{
"roman": "xīnqín",
"word": "辛勤"
},
{
"roman": "xīnyí",
"word": "辛夷"
},
{
"word": "辛寒"
},
{
"roman": "Xīnzhà",
"word": "辛榨"
},
{
"word": "辛盤"
},
{
"word": "辛盘"
},
{
"roman": "xīnkǔ",
"word": "辛苦"
},
{
"word": "辛螫"
},
{
"roman": "xīnxīnkǔkǔ",
"word": "辛辛苦苦"
},
{
"roman": "xīnlà",
"word": "辛辣"
},
{
"roman": "xīnsuān",
"word": "辛酸"
},
{
"word": "酸辛"
},
{
"word": "馬腳細辛"
},
{
"word": "马脚细辛"
},
{
"word": "高辛氏"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*m-sin",
"4": "",
"5": "liver; heart; bile; bitter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-sin (“liver; heart; bile; bitter”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "མཆིན",
"3": "",
"4": "liver"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan མཆིན (mchin, “liver”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "သည်း",
"3": "",
"4": "liver"
},
"expansion": "Burmese သည်း (sany:, “liver”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "txg",
"2": "𗮰",
"3": "",
"4": "liver"
},
"expansion": "Tangut 𗮰 (*sji², “liver”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Gong, 2002"
},
"expansion": "Gong, 2002",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-sin (“liver; heart; bile; bitter”); compare Tibetan མཆིན (mchin, “liver”), Burmese သည်း (sany:, “liver”), Tangut 𗮰 (*sji², “liver”) (Gong, 2002; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "辛",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "spicy",
"roman": "xīnlà",
"text": "辛辣"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spicy; hot; pungent"
],
"links": [
[
"spicy",
"spicy"
],
[
"hot",
"hot"
],
[
"pungent",
"pungent"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "laborious",
"roman": "xīnkǔ",
"text": "辛苦"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hard; laborious; toilsome"
],
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"laborious",
"laborious"
],
[
"toilsome",
"toilsome"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "bitter",
"roman": "xīnsuān",
"text": "辛酸"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sorrowful; miserable; hard"
],
"links": [
[
"sorrowful",
"sorrowful"
],
[
"miserable",
"miserable"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese surnames",
"Mandarin terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Xin Qiji (Chinese poet during the Southern Song dynasty)",
"roman": "Xīn Qìjí",
"text": "辛棄疾／辛弃疾"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "xīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "xin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "xin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "san¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "sîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "xin¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "séng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "sĭng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "sin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "sing¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹shin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "sin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "hsin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "syīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "синь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "sinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xin"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "sān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "san¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "sen¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɐn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "sîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "xin´"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "xin¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "séng"
},
{
"ipa": "/seiŋ⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "sĭng"
},
{
"ipa": "/siŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "sin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "syn"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sin³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "sing"
},
{
"ipa": "/siŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹shin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "shin^平"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹xin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ɕin⁵³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "sin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[s]i[n]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*siŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɐn⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/seiŋ⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵³/"
},
{
"other": "[s]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*siŋ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Classical-Chinese"
],
"word": "辛"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "辛辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Beijing"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tianjin"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tangshan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Cangzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Baoding"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Shijiazhuang"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Chifeng"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Hailar",
"Hulunbuir"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Harbin"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Shenyang"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Muping",
"Yantai"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Qingdao"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Jinan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wanrong"
],
"word": "麻"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Zhengzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xi'an"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yinchuan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Lanzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xining"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Ürümqi"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wuhan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Chongqing"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Guiyang"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Kunming"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Guilin"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Liuzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xuzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yangzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Nanjing"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Hefei"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Nantong"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Malaysia"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Dongguan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yangjiang"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangfu",
"Kuala-Lumpur"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangfu",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangfu"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Lichuan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Pingxiang"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Dongguan",
"Qingxi"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Wengyuan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Liannan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Jiexi"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Xiuzhuan",
"Zhao'an"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Changting"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Wuping",
"Yanqian"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Ninghua"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yudu"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Ningdu"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sandu",
"Tonggu"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Ganzhou",
"Panlong"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Dayu"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Northern"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Pingtung"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hsinchu-County"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Taichung"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hsinchu-County"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yunlin"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Mengshan",
"Xihe"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Luchuan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Huiyang",
"Senai"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Huizhou",
"Jixi"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Huizhou",
"Shexian"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Xinzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Linhe"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Jining"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Hohhot"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Zhangjiakou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Handan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Fuzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhao'an"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"word": "薟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Taipei"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Taipei"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"word": "薟"
},
{
"word": "薟"
},
{
"word": "薟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Kaohsiung"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Yilan"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lukang"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Taichung"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Taichung"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"word": "薟"
},
{
"word": "薟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Kinmen"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Penang"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Penang"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Manila"
],
"word": "風"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Manila"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chaozhou"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"word": "薟"
},
{
"word": "薟"
},
{
"word": "薟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jieyang"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"word": "薟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Bangkok",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Johor-Bahru",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Singapore",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "薟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wenchang"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Haikou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Qionghai"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Puxian-Min"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southern-Pinghua",
"Nanning",
"Tingzi"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"word": "辣"
},
{
"word": "辣"
},
{
"word": "辣"
},
{
"word": "辣"
},
{
"word": "辣"
},
{
"word": "辣"
},
{
"word": "辣"
},
{
"word": "辣"
},
{
"word": "辣"
},
{
"word": "辣"
},
{
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chaozhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Chongming",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Suzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Danyang"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Hangzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Ningbo"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Wenzhou"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Jinhua"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Jinhua"
],
"word": "辣農"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Changsha"
],
"word": "辣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Loudi"
],
"word": "辣"
}
],
"word": "辛"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min nouns",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"roman": "tiāngān",
"sense": "Chinese heavenly stems",
"word": "天干"
},
{
"roman": "jiǎ",
"word": "甲"
},
{
"roman": "yǐ",
"word": "乙"
},
{
"roman": "bǐng",
"word": "丙"
},
{
"word": "丁"
},
{
"roman": "wù",
"word": "戊"
},
{
"roman": "jǐ",
"word": "己"
},
{
"roman": "gēng",
"word": "庚"
},
{
"roman": "rén",
"word": "壬"
},
{
"roman": "guǐ",
"word": "癸"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "庚辛"
},
{
"word": "辛丑和約"
},
{
"word": "辛丑和约"
},
{
"roman": "Xīnhài Gémìng",
"word": "辛亥革命"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "辛"
},
"expansion": "辛",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "辛",
"2": "しん",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "辛(しん) (shin)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "신(辛)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 신(辛) (sin)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "辛",
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "辛",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "tân",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "辛"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: tân (辛)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "辛",
"2": "しん",
"3": "신",
"4": "tân",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "辛",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "辛",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "辛",
"v": "辛",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (辛):\n* → Japanese: 辛(しん) (shin)\n* → Korean: 신(辛) (sin)\n* → Vietnamese: tân (辛)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "しん",
"3": "신",
"4": "tân"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (辛):\n* → Japanese: 辛(しん) (shin)\n* → Korean: 신(辛) (sin)\n* → Vietnamese: tân (辛)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (辛):\n* → Japanese: 辛(しん) (shin)\n* → Korean: 신(辛) (sin)\n* → Vietnamese: tân (辛)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "sin",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Zhuang: sin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Zhuang: sin"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Smith (2011)"
},
"expansion": "Smith (2011)",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Smith (2011) proposes that the name for the heavenly stem is based on the Boötes constellation, which resembles an awl; it may be related to Etymology 1 with the “sharp” semantics connecting the two.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "辛",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"eighth of the ten heavenly stems"
],
"links": [
[
"eighth",
"eighth"
],
[
"heavenly stem",
"heavenly stem"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"eighth; number 8; VIII"
],
"links": [
[
"eighth",
"eighth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in a list) eighth; number 8; VIII"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in a list"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"zh:Organic chemistry"
],
"glosses": [
"octa-"
],
"links": [
[
"organic chemistry",
"organic chemistry"
],
[
"octa-",
"octa-"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(organic chemistry) octa-"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"organic-chemistry",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "xīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "xin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "xin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "san¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "sîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "xin¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "séng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "sĭng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "sin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "sing¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹shin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "sin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "hsin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "syīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "синь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "sinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xin"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "sān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "san¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "sen¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɐn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "sîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "xin´"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "xin¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "séng"
},
{
"ipa": "/seiŋ⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "sĭng"
},
{
"ipa": "/siŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "sin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "syn"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sin³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "sing"
},
{
"ipa": "/siŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹shin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "shin^平"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹xin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ɕin⁵³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "sin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*si[n]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*siŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɐn⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/seiŋ⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵³/"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*siŋ/"
}
],
"word": "辛"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms borrowed from English",
"Chinese terms derived from English",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
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],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "en",
"3": "symplectic",
"4": "symplectic",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "English symplectic",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "en",
"3": "symplectic",
"4": "symplectic"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English symplectic",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English symplectic.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "辛",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"zh:Mathematics"
],
"glosses": [
"symplectic"
],
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"symplectic",
"symplectic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics, attributive) symplectic"
],
"tags": [
"attributive"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "xīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "xin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "san¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "sin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "hsin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "syīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "синь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "sinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "sān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "san¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "sen¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɐn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɐn⁵⁵/"
}
],
"word": "辛"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
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],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "dài'àoxīn",
"word": "戴奧辛"
},
{
"roman": "dài'àoxīn",
"word": "戴奥辛"
},
{
"roman": "Hè'ěrxīnjī",
"word": "赫爾辛基"
},
{
"roman": "Hè'ěrxīnjī",
"word": "赫尔辛基"
},
{
"roman": "Xīnbāwēi",
"word": "辛巴威"
},
{
"word": "辛巴達"
},
{
"word": "辛巴达"
},
{
"roman": "Xīnxīnnàtí",
"word": "辛辛那提"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "辛",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used in transcription."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "xīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "xin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "san¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "sin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "hsin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "syīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "синь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "sinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "sān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "san¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "sen¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɐn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕin⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɐn⁵⁵/"
}
],
"word": "辛"
}
{
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{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
"path": [
"辛"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "辛",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
"path": [
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],
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"subsection": "",
"title": "辛",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
"path": [
"辛"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "辛",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
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],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "辛",
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}
{
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"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
"path": [
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"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"辛"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "辛",
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}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"辛"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "辛",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min'",
"path": [
"辛"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "辛",
"trace": ""
}
{
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"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
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],
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"title": "辛",
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}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"辛"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "辛",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
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}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
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}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.