See 荊棘 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "荆棘",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "荆棘",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "荊棘",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "zh:Botany",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 37 36 10 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 33 33 11 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 23 27 7 5 7 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 25 29 4 3 4 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
17,
23
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
]
],
"english": "Wherever a host is stationed, briars and thorns spring up.",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Shī zhī suǒ chǔ, jīngjí shēng yān.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "師之所處，荊棘生焉。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
17,
23
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
]
],
"english": "Wherever a host is stationed, briars and thorns spring up.",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Shī zhī suǒ chǔ, jīngjí shēng yān.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"text": "师之所处，荆棘生焉。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thistles and thorns; brambles; thorny undergrowth"
],
"id": "en-荊棘-zh-noun-OlBStzRn",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"thistles",
"thistles"
],
[
"thorns",
"thorns"
],
[
"brambles",
"brambles"
],
[
"thorny",
"thorny"
],
[
"undergrowth",
"undergrowth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literally, botany) thistles and thorns; brambles; thorny undergrowth"
],
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 37 36 10 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 33 33 11 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 23 27 7 5 7 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 25 29 4 3 4 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"difficult situation; dangerous circumstances"
],
"id": "en-荊棘-zh-noun-QfRw2D7p",
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"situation",
"situation"
],
[
"dangerous",
"dangerous"
],
[
"circumstances",
"circumstances"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative) difficult situation; dangerous circumstances"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 37 36 10 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 33 33 11 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"scheming sycophant"
],
"id": "en-荊棘-zh-noun-VVWY1rWF",
"links": [
[
"scheming",
"scheming"
],
[
"sycophant",
"sycophant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative) scheming sycophant"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 97 1",
"roman": "jiānnìng",
"sense": "scheming sycophant",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "姦佞"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 97 1",
"roman": "jiānnìng",
"sense": "scheming sycophant",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "奸佞"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"animosity; hostility; ill will; grudge"
],
"id": "en-荊棘-zh-noun-hRoXBBBy",
"links": [
[
"animosity",
"animosity"
],
[
"hostility",
"hostility"
],
[
"ill will",
"ill will"
],
[
"grudge",
"grudge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative) animosity; hostility; ill will; grudge"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jīngjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄐㄧㄥ ㄐㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ging¹ gik¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kîn-kit"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "keng-kek"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "keng-kiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "gêng¹ gêg⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jīngjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄐㄧㄥ ㄐㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jingjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "ching¹-chi²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "jīng-jí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "jingjyi"
},
{
"roman": "czinczi",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "цзинцзи"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"homophone": "經籍",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "经籍",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "荊棘",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "荆棘",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ging¹ gik¹"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "gīng gīk"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "ging¹ gik⁷"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "ging¹ gig¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɪŋ⁵⁵ kɪk̚⁵/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kîn-kit"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "gin^ˊ gid^ˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "gin¹ gid⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/kin²⁴ kit̚²/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "keng-kek"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "king-kik"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "kengkeg"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚³²/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "keng-kiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "king-kiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "kengkiag"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ³³ kiak̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "gêng¹ gêg⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "keng kek"
},
{
"ipa": "/keŋ³³⁻²³ kek̚²/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh_pron": "kjaeng kik"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Baxter-Sagart"
],
"zh_pron": "/*[k]reŋ krək/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh_pron": "/*keŋ krɯɡ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiánxì",
"word": "嫌隙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chár",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "碴兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chár",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "碴儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jièdì",
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
],
"word": "芥蒂"
}
],
"word": "荊棘"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "荊棘"
},
"expansion": "荊棘",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "荊棘",
"2": "けいきょく",
"gloss": "",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "荊棘(けいきょく) (keikyoku)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "荊棘",
"2": "けいきょく",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "荊棘",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "荊棘",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "荊棘",
"v": "荊棘",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (荊棘):\n* → Japanese: 荊棘(けいきょく) (keikyoku)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "けいきょく"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (荊棘):\n* → Japanese: 荊棘(けいきょく) (keikyoku)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (荊棘):\n* → Japanese: 荊棘(けいきょく) (keikyoku)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "荆棘",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "荆棘",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "荊棘",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 37 36 10 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 33 33 11 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "披荊棘"
},
{
"word": "披荆棘"
},
{
"word": "滿地荊棘"
},
{
"word": "满地荆棘"
},
{
"roman": "ránshāo de jīngjí",
"word": "燃燒的荊棘"
},
{
"roman": "ránshāo de jīngjí",
"word": "燃烧的荆棘"
},
{
"roman": "jǔdòngjīngjí",
"word": "舉動荊棘"
},
{
"roman": "jǔdòngjīngjí",
"word": "举动荆棘"
},
{
"word": "荊棘律"
},
{
"word": "荆棘律"
},
{
"word": "荊棘銅駝"
},
{
"word": "荆棘铜驼"
},
{
"word": "銅駝荊棘"
},
{
"word": "铜驼荆棘"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chaotic; disorderly"
],
"id": "en-荊棘-zh-adj-bAGUi4p9",
"links": [
[
"chaotic",
"chaotic"
],
[
"disorderly",
"disorderly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative) chaotic; disorderly"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "一塌糊塗"
},
{
"word": "一塌糊涂"
},
{
"roman": "luàn",
"word": "亂"
},
{
"roman": "luàn",
"word": "乱"
},
{
"roman": "luànqībāzāo",
"word": "亂七八糟"
},
{
"roman": "luànqībāzāo",
"word": "乱七八糟"
},
{
"roman": "luànzá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "亂雜"
},
{
"roman": "luànzá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "乱杂"
},
{
"roman": "língluàn",
"word": "凌亂"
},
{
"english": "of sound",
"roman": "cáoluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "嘈亂"
},
{
"english": "of sound",
"roman": "cáoluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "嘈乱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "大鼎炒狗蟻"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "大鼎炒狗蚁"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "挐亂"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "挐乱"
},
{
"roman": "rǎorǎo",
"word": "擾擾"
},
{
"roman": "rǎorǎo",
"word": "扰扰"
},
{
"roman": "sǎnluàn",
"word": "散亂"
},
{
"roman": "sǎnluàn",
"word": "散乱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "有七無八"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "有七无八"
},
{
"roman": "xiáoluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "殽亂"
},
{
"roman": "xiáoluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "淆乱"
},
{
"roman": "hùnluàn",
"word": "混亂"
},
{
"roman": "hùnluàn",
"word": "混乱"
},
{
"roman": "wūqībāzāo",
"word": "烏七八糟"
},
{
"roman": "wūqībāzāo",
"word": "乌七八糟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "烏哩單刀"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "乌哩单刀"
},
{
"roman": "wúxù",
"word": "無序"
},
{
"roman": "wúxù",
"word": "无序"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"literary"
],
"word": "狼戾"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"word": "狼狼戾戾"
},
{
"roman": "lángjí",
"word": "狼藉"
},
{
"english": "lap6 lap6-2 lyun6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "立立亂"
},
{
"english": "lap6 lap6-2 lyun6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "立立乱"
},
{
"word": "糊塗"
},
{
"word": "糊涂"
},
{
"roman": "jiūfēn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "糾紛"
},
{
"roman": "jiūfēn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "纠纷"
},
{
"roman": "wěn",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "紊"
},
{
"roman": "fēnluàn",
"word": "紛亂"
},
{
"roman": "fēnluàn",
"word": "纷乱"
},
{
"roman": "wěnluàn",
"word": "紊亂"
},
{
"roman": "wěnluàn",
"word": "紊乱"
},
{
"roman": "fēnzá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "紛雜"
},
{
"roman": "fēnzá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "纷杂"
},
{
"roman": "liáoluàn",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "繚亂"
},
{
"roman": "liáoluàn",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "缭乱"
},
{
"roman": "sìluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "肆亂"
},
{
"roman": "sìluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "肆乱"
},
{
"roman": "wúzá",
"word": "蕪雜"
},
{
"roman": "wúzá",
"word": "芜杂"
},
{
"roman": "záluàn",
"word": "雜亂"
},
{
"roman": "záluàn",
"word": "杂乱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "雜醪膏"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "杂醪膏"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"word": "鬼打樣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"word": "鬼打样"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jīngjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄐㄧㄥ ㄐㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ging¹ gik¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kîn-kit"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "keng-kek"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "keng-kiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "gêng¹ gêg⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jīngjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄐㄧㄥ ㄐㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jingjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "ching¹-chi²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "jīng-jí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "jingjyi"
},
{
"roman": "czinczi",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "цзинцзи"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"homophone": "經籍",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "经籍",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "荊棘",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "荆棘",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ging¹ gik¹"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "gīng gīk"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "ging¹ gik⁷"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "ging¹ gig¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɪŋ⁵⁵ kɪk̚⁵/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kîn-kit"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "gin^ˊ gid^ˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "gin¹ gid⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/kin²⁴ kit̚²/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "keng-kek"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "king-kik"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "kengkeg"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚³²/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "keng-kiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "king-kiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "kengkiag"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ³³ kiak̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "gêng¹ gêg⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "keng kek"
},
{
"ipa": "/keŋ³³⁻²³ kek̚²/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh_pron": "kjaeng kik"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Baxter-Sagart"
],
"zh_pron": "/*[k]reŋ krək/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh_pron": "/*keŋ krɯɡ/"
}
],
"word": "荊棘"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 棘",
"Chinese terms spelled with 荊",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Middle Chinese adjectives",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Old Chinese adjectives",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "荆棘",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "荆棘",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "荊棘",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations",
"zh:Botany"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
17,
23
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
]
],
"english": "Wherever a host is stationed, briars and thorns spring up.",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Shī zhī suǒ chǔ, jīngjí shēng yān.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "師之所處，荊棘生焉。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
17,
23
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
]
],
"english": "Wherever a host is stationed, briars and thorns spring up.",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Shī zhī suǒ chǔ, jīngjí shēng yān.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"text": "师之所处，荆棘生焉。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thistles and thorns; brambles; thorny undergrowth"
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"thistles",
"thistles"
],
[
"thorns",
"thorns"
],
[
"brambles",
"brambles"
],
[
"thorny",
"thorny"
],
[
"undergrowth",
"undergrowth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literally, botany) thistles and thorns; brambles; thorny undergrowth"
],
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"difficult situation; dangerous circumstances"
],
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"situation",
"situation"
],
[
"dangerous",
"dangerous"
],
[
"circumstances",
"circumstances"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative) difficult situation; dangerous circumstances"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"scheming sycophant"
],
"links": [
[
"scheming",
"scheming"
],
[
"sycophant",
"sycophant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative) scheming sycophant"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"animosity; hostility; ill will; grudge"
],
"links": [
[
"animosity",
"animosity"
],
[
"hostility",
"hostility"
],
[
"ill will",
"ill will"
],
[
"grudge",
"grudge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative) animosity; hostility; ill will; grudge"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jīngjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄐㄧㄥ ㄐㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ging¹ gik¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kîn-kit"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "keng-kek"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "keng-kiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "gêng¹ gêg⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jīngjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄐㄧㄥ ㄐㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jingjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "ching¹-chi²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "jīng-jí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "jingjyi"
},
{
"roman": "czinczi",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "цзинцзи"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"homophone": "經籍",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "经籍",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "荊棘",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "荆棘",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ging¹ gik¹"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "gīng gīk"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "ging¹ gik⁷"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "ging¹ gig¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɪŋ⁵⁵ kɪk̚⁵/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kîn-kit"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "gin^ˊ gid^ˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "gin¹ gid⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/kin²⁴ kit̚²/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "keng-kek"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "king-kik"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "kengkeg"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚³²/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "keng-kiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "king-kiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "kengkiag"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ³³ kiak̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "gêng¹ gêg⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "keng kek"
},
{
"ipa": "/keŋ³³⁻²³ kek̚²/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh_pron": "kjaeng kik"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Baxter-Sagart"
],
"zh_pron": "/*[k]reŋ krək/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh_pron": "/*keŋ krɯɡ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "jiānnìng",
"sense": "scheming sycophant",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "姦佞"
},
{
"roman": "jiānnìng",
"sense": "scheming sycophant",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "奸佞"
},
{
"roman": "xiánxì",
"word": "嫌隙"
},
{
"roman": "chár",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "碴兒"
},
{
"roman": "chár",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "碴儿"
},
{
"roman": "jièdì",
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
],
"word": "芥蒂"
}
],
"word": "荊棘"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 棘",
"Chinese terms spelled with 荊",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Middle Chinese adjectives",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Old Chinese adjectives",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "披荊棘"
},
{
"word": "披荆棘"
},
{
"word": "滿地荊棘"
},
{
"word": "满地荆棘"
},
{
"roman": "ránshāo de jīngjí",
"word": "燃燒的荊棘"
},
{
"roman": "ránshāo de jīngjí",
"word": "燃烧的荆棘"
},
{
"roman": "jǔdòngjīngjí",
"word": "舉動荊棘"
},
{
"roman": "jǔdòngjīngjí",
"word": "举动荆棘"
},
{
"word": "荊棘律"
},
{
"word": "荆棘律"
},
{
"word": "荊棘銅駝"
},
{
"word": "荆棘铜驼"
},
{
"word": "銅駝荊棘"
},
{
"word": "铜驼荆棘"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "荊棘"
},
"expansion": "荊棘",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "荊棘",
"2": "けいきょく",
"gloss": "",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "荊棘(けいきょく) (keikyoku)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "荊棘",
"2": "けいきょく",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "荊棘",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "荊棘",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "荊棘",
"v": "荊棘",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (荊棘):\n* → Japanese: 荊棘(けいきょく) (keikyoku)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "けいきょく"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (荊棘):\n* → Japanese: 荊棘(けいきょく) (keikyoku)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (荊棘):\n* → Japanese: 荊棘(けいきょく) (keikyoku)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "荆棘",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "荆棘",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "荊棘",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"chaotic; disorderly"
],
"links": [
[
"chaotic",
"chaotic"
],
[
"disorderly",
"disorderly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative) chaotic; disorderly"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jīngjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄐㄧㄥ ㄐㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ging¹ gik¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kîn-kit"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "keng-kek"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "keng-kiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "gêng¹ gêg⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jīngjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄐㄧㄥ ㄐㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jingjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "ching¹-chi²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "jīng-jí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "jingjyi"
},
{
"roman": "czinczi",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "цзинцзи"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"homophone": "經籍",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "经籍",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "荊棘",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "荆棘",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ging¹ gik¹"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "gīng gīk"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "ging¹ gik⁷"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "ging¹ gig¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɪŋ⁵⁵ kɪk̚⁵/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kîn-kit"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "gin^ˊ gid^ˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "gin¹ gid⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/kin²⁴ kit̚²/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "keng-kek"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "king-kik"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "kengkeg"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚³²/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "keng-kiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "king-kiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "kengkiag"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ³³ kiak̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "gêng¹ gêg⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "keng kek"
},
{
"ipa": "/keŋ³³⁻²³ kek̚²/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh_pron": "kjaeng kik"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Baxter-Sagart"
],
"zh_pron": "/*[k]reŋ krək/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh_pron": "/*keŋ krɯɡ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "一塌糊塗"
},
{
"word": "一塌糊涂"
},
{
"roman": "luàn",
"word": "亂"
},
{
"roman": "luàn",
"word": "乱"
},
{
"roman": "luànqībāzāo",
"word": "亂七八糟"
},
{
"roman": "luànqībāzāo",
"word": "乱七八糟"
},
{
"roman": "luànzá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "亂雜"
},
{
"roman": "luànzá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "乱杂"
},
{
"roman": "língluàn",
"word": "凌亂"
},
{
"english": "of sound",
"roman": "cáoluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "嘈亂"
},
{
"english": "of sound",
"roman": "cáoluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "嘈乱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "大鼎炒狗蟻"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "大鼎炒狗蚁"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "挐亂"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "挐乱"
},
{
"roman": "rǎorǎo",
"word": "擾擾"
},
{
"roman": "rǎorǎo",
"word": "扰扰"
},
{
"roman": "sǎnluàn",
"word": "散亂"
},
{
"roman": "sǎnluàn",
"word": "散乱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "有七無八"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "有七无八"
},
{
"roman": "xiáoluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "殽亂"
},
{
"roman": "xiáoluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "淆乱"
},
{
"roman": "hùnluàn",
"word": "混亂"
},
{
"roman": "hùnluàn",
"word": "混乱"
},
{
"roman": "wūqībāzāo",
"word": "烏七八糟"
},
{
"roman": "wūqībāzāo",
"word": "乌七八糟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "烏哩單刀"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "乌哩单刀"
},
{
"roman": "wúxù",
"word": "無序"
},
{
"roman": "wúxù",
"word": "无序"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"literary"
],
"word": "狼戾"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"word": "狼狼戾戾"
},
{
"roman": "lángjí",
"word": "狼藉"
},
{
"english": "lap6 lap6-2 lyun6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "立立亂"
},
{
"english": "lap6 lap6-2 lyun6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "立立乱"
},
{
"word": "糊塗"
},
{
"word": "糊涂"
},
{
"roman": "jiūfēn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "糾紛"
},
{
"roman": "jiūfēn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "纠纷"
},
{
"roman": "wěn",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "紊"
},
{
"roman": "fēnluàn",
"word": "紛亂"
},
{
"roman": "fēnluàn",
"word": "纷乱"
},
{
"roman": "wěnluàn",
"word": "紊亂"
},
{
"roman": "wěnluàn",
"word": "紊乱"
},
{
"roman": "fēnzá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "紛雜"
},
{
"roman": "fēnzá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "纷杂"
},
{
"roman": "liáoluàn",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "繚亂"
},
{
"roman": "liáoluàn",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "缭乱"
},
{
"roman": "sìluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "肆亂"
},
{
"roman": "sìluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "肆乱"
},
{
"roman": "wúzá",
"word": "蕪雜"
},
{
"roman": "wúzá",
"word": "芜杂"
},
{
"roman": "záluàn",
"word": "雜亂"
},
{
"roman": "záluàn",
"word": "杂乱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "雜醪膏"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "杂醪膏"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"word": "鬼打樣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"word": "鬼打样"
}
],
"word": "荊棘"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 荊棘 meaning in Chinese (16.5kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <sup> not properly closed",
"path": [
"荊棘"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "荊棘",
"trace": "started on line 22, detected on line 22"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </sup>",
"path": [
"荊棘"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "荊棘",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2196",
"msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E5%AB%8C%E9%9A%99'], ['edit']){} >",
"path": [
"荊棘"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "荊棘",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2196",
"msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E7%B4%9B%E4%BA%82'], ['edit']){} >",
"path": [
"荊棘"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "荊棘",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (99a4ed9 and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.