See 荊棘 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 荊棘 meaning in All languages combined (15.1kB)
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "荊棘",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "zh:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "師之所處，荊棘生焉。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "师之所处，荆棘生焉。 [MSC, simp.]\nFrom: Laozi\nShī zhī suǒ chǔ, jīngjí shēng yān. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thistles and thorns; brambles; thorny undergrowth"
],
"id": "en-荊棘-zh-noun-OlBStzRn",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"thistles",
"thistles"
],
[
"thorns",
"thorns"
],
[
"brambles",
"brambles"
],
[
"thorny",
"thorny"
],
[
"undergrowth",
"undergrowth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literally, botany) thistles and thorns; brambles; thorny undergrowth"
],
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"difficult situation; dangerous circumstances"
],
"id": "en-荊棘-zh-noun-QfRw2D7p",
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"situation",
"situation"
],
[
"dangerous",
"dangerous"
],
[
"circumstances",
"circumstances"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative) difficult situation; dangerous circumstances"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"scheming sycophant"
],
"id": "en-荊棘-zh-noun-VVWY1rWF",
"links": [
[
"scheming",
"scheming"
],
[
"sycophant",
"sycophant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative) scheming sycophant"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 1",
"roman": "jiānnìng",
"sense": "scheming sycophant",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "姦佞"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 1",
"roman": "jiānnìng",
"sense": "scheming sycophant",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "奸佞"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 20 21 3 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 15 4 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"animosity; hostility; ill will; grudge"
],
"id": "en-荊棘-zh-noun-hRoXBBBy",
"links": [
[
"animosity",
"animosity"
],
[
"hostility",
"hostility"
],
[
"ill will",
"ill will"
],
[
"grudge",
"grudge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative) animosity; hostility; ill will; grudge"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jīngjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄥ ㄐㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "ging¹ gik¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kîn-kit"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "keng-kek"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "keng-kiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gêng¹ gêg⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jīngjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄥ ㄐㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jingjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ching¹-chi²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jīng-jí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jingjyi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзинцзи"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czinczi"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gīng gīk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ging¹ gik⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ging¹ gig¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɪŋ⁵⁵ kɪk̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kîn-kit"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gin´ gid`"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ gid⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/kin²⁴ kit̚²/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "king-kik"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kengkeg"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚³²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "king-kiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kengkiag"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ³³ kiak̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "keng kek"
},
{
"ipa": "/keŋ³³⁻²³ kek̚²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kjaeng kik"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[k]reŋ krək/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*keŋ krɯɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɪŋ⁵⁵ kɪk̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kin²⁴ kit̚²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚³²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ³³ kiak̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/keŋ³³⁻²³ kek̚²/"
},
{
"other": "[k]"
},
{
"other": "/*keŋ krɯɡ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiánxì",
"word": "嫌隙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chár",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "碴兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chár",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "碴儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jièdì",
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
],
"word": "芥蒂"
}
],
"word": "荊棘"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "荊棘"
},
"expansion": "荊棘",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "荊棘",
"2": "けいきょく",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "荊棘(けいきょく) (keikyoku)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "荊棘",
"2": "けいきょく",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "荊棘",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "荊棘",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "荊棘",
"v": "荊棘",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (荊棘):\n* → Japanese: 荊棘(けいきょく) (keikyoku)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "けいきょく"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (荊棘):\n* → Japanese: 荊棘(けいきょく) (keikyoku)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (荊棘):\n* → Japanese: 荊棘(けいきょく) (keikyoku)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "荊棘",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "披荊棘"
},
{
"word": "披荆棘"
},
{
"word": "滿地荊棘"
},
{
"word": "满地荆棘"
},
{
"roman": "ránshāo de jīngjí",
"word": "燃燒的荊棘"
},
{
"roman": "ránshāo de jīngjí",
"word": "燃烧的荆棘"
},
{
"roman": "jǔdòngjīngjí",
"word": "舉動荊棘"
},
{
"roman": "jǔdòngjīngjí",
"word": "举动荆棘"
},
{
"word": "荊棘律"
},
{
"word": "荆棘律"
},
{
"word": "荊棘銅駝"
},
{
"word": "荆棘铜驼"
},
{
"word": "銅駝荊棘"
},
{
"word": "铜驼荆棘"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chaotic; disorderly"
],
"id": "en-荊棘-zh-adj-bAGUi4p9",
"links": [
[
"chaotic",
"chaotic"
],
[
"disorderly",
"disorderly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative) chaotic; disorderly"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "一塌糊塗"
},
{
"word": "一塌糊涂"
},
{
"roman": "luàn",
"word": "亂"
},
{
"roman": "luàn",
"word": "乱"
},
{
"roman": "luànqībāzāo",
"word": "亂七八糟"
},
{
"roman": "luànqībāzāo",
"word": "乱七八糟"
},
{
"roman": "luànzá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "亂雜"
},
{
"roman": "luànzá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "乱杂"
},
{
"roman": "língluàn",
"word": "凌亂"
},
{
"english": "of sound",
"roman": "cáoluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "嘈亂"
},
{
"english": "of sound",
"roman": "cáoluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "嘈乱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "大鼎炒狗蟻"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "大鼎炒狗蚁"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "挐亂"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "挐乱"
},
{
"roman": "rǎorǎo",
"word": "擾擾"
},
{
"roman": "rǎorǎo",
"word": "扰扰"
},
{
"roman": "sǎnluàn",
"word": "散亂"
},
{
"roman": "sǎnluàn",
"word": "散乱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "有七無八"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "有七无八"
},
{
"roman": "xiáoluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "殽亂"
},
{
"roman": "xiáoluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "淆乱"
},
{
"roman": "hùnluàn",
"word": "混亂"
},
{
"roman": "hùnluàn",
"word": "混乱"
},
{
"roman": "wūqībāzāo",
"word": "烏七八糟"
},
{
"roman": "wūqībāzāo",
"word": "乌七八糟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "烏哩單刀"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "乌哩单刀"
},
{
"roman": "wúxù",
"word": "無序"
},
{
"roman": "wúxù",
"word": "无序"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"literary"
],
"word": "狼戾"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"word": "狼狼戾戾"
},
{
"roman": "lángjí",
"word": "狼藉"
},
{
"english": "lap6 lap6-2 lyun6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "立立亂"
},
{
"english": "lap6 lap6-2 lyun6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "立立乱"
},
{
"word": "糊塗"
},
{
"word": "糊涂"
},
{
"roman": "jiūfēn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "糾紛"
},
{
"roman": "jiūfēn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "纠纷"
},
{
"roman": "wěn",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "紊"
},
{
"roman": "wěnluàn",
"word": "紊亂"
},
{
"roman": "wěnluàn",
"word": "紊乱"
},
{
"roman": "fēnluàn",
"word": "紛亂"
},
{
"roman": "fēnluàn",
"word": "纷乱"
},
{
"roman": "fēnzá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "紛雜"
},
{
"roman": "fēnzá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "纷杂"
},
{
"roman": "liáoluàn",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "繚亂"
},
{
"roman": "liáoluàn",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "缭乱"
},
{
"roman": "sìluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "肆亂"
},
{
"roman": "sìluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "肆乱"
},
{
"roman": "wúzá",
"word": "蕪雜"
},
{
"roman": "wúzá",
"word": "芜杂"
},
{
"roman": "záluàn",
"word": "雜亂"
},
{
"roman": "záluàn",
"word": "杂乱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"word": "鬼打樣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"word": "鬼打样"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jīngjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄥ ㄐㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "ging¹ gik¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kîn-kit"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "keng-kek"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "keng-kiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gêng¹ gêg⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jīngjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄥ ㄐㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jingjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ching¹-chi²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jīng-jí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jingjyi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзинцзи"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czinczi"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gīng gīk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ging¹ gik⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ging¹ gig¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɪŋ⁵⁵ kɪk̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kîn-kit"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gin´ gid`"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ gid⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/kin²⁴ kit̚²/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "king-kik"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kengkeg"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚³²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "king-kiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kengkiag"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ³³ kiak̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "keng kek"
},
{
"ipa": "/keŋ³³⁻²³ kek̚²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kjaeng kik"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[k]reŋ krək/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*keŋ krɯɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɪŋ⁵⁵ kɪk̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kin²⁴ kit̚²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚³²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ³³ kiak̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/keŋ³³⁻²³ kek̚²/"
},
{
"other": "[k]"
},
{
"other": "/*keŋ krɯɡ/"
}
],
"word": "荊棘"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "荊棘",
"ruby": [
[
"荊",
"けい"
],
[
"棘",
"きょく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "keikyoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "けいきょく"
},
"expansion": "荊(けい)棘(きょく) • (keikyoku)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"thorns (thorny plants)"
],
"id": "en-荊棘-ja-noun-uiiwnVvo",
"links": [
[
"thorns",
"thorns"
],
[
"thorny",
"thorny"
],
[
"plants",
"plants"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The path of hardships",
"ref": "2007, 新時代日漢辭典／新时代日汉辞典 (Xīn Shídài Rì-hàn Cídiǎn), 1st edition, 大新書局／大新书局 (Dàxīn Shūjú)",
"roman": "keikyoku no michi",
"ruby": [
[
"荊棘",
"けいきょく"
],
[
"道",
"みち"
]
],
"text": "荊棘の道"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hardships, difficulties"
],
"id": "en-荊棘-ja-noun-dnrwDGSq",
"links": [
[
"hardships",
"hardships"
],
[
"difficulties",
"difficulties"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "けーきょく"
},
{
"ipa": "[ke̞ːkʲo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "荊棘"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "荊棘",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Mandarin usage examples",
"zh:Botany"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "師之所處，荊棘生焉。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "师之所处，荆棘生焉。 [MSC, simp.]\nFrom: Laozi\nShī zhī suǒ chǔ, jīngjí shēng yān. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thistles and thorns; brambles; thorny undergrowth"
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"thistles",
"thistles"
],
[
"thorns",
"thorns"
],
[
"brambles",
"brambles"
],
[
"thorny",
"thorny"
],
[
"undergrowth",
"undergrowth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literally, botany) thistles and thorns; brambles; thorny undergrowth"
],
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"difficult situation; dangerous circumstances"
],
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"situation",
"situation"
],
[
"dangerous",
"dangerous"
],
[
"circumstances",
"circumstances"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative) difficult situation; dangerous circumstances"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"scheming sycophant"
],
"links": [
[
"scheming",
"scheming"
],
[
"sycophant",
"sycophant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative) scheming sycophant"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"animosity; hostility; ill will; grudge"
],
"links": [
[
"animosity",
"animosity"
],
[
"hostility",
"hostility"
],
[
"ill will",
"ill will"
],
[
"grudge",
"grudge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative) animosity; hostility; ill will; grudge"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jīngjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄥ ㄐㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "ging¹ gik¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kîn-kit"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "keng-kek"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "keng-kiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gêng¹ gêg⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jīngjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄥ ㄐㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jingjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ching¹-chi²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jīng-jí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jingjyi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзинцзи"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czinczi"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gīng gīk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ging¹ gik⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ging¹ gig¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɪŋ⁵⁵ kɪk̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kîn-kit"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gin´ gid`"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ gid⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/kin²⁴ kit̚²/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "king-kik"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kengkeg"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚³²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "king-kiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kengkiag"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ³³ kiak̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "keng kek"
},
{
"ipa": "/keŋ³³⁻²³ kek̚²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kjaeng kik"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[k]reŋ krək/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*keŋ krɯɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɪŋ⁵⁵ kɪk̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kin²⁴ kit̚²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚³²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ³³ kiak̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/keŋ³³⁻²³ kek̚²/"
},
{
"other": "[k]"
},
{
"other": "/*keŋ krɯɡ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "jiānnìng",
"sense": "scheming sycophant",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "姦佞"
},
{
"roman": "jiānnìng",
"sense": "scheming sycophant",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "奸佞"
},
{
"roman": "xiánxì",
"word": "嫌隙"
},
{
"roman": "chár",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "碴兒"
},
{
"roman": "chár",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "碴儿"
},
{
"roman": "jièdì",
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
],
"word": "芥蒂"
}
],
"word": "荊棘"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "披荊棘"
},
{
"word": "披荆棘"
},
{
"word": "滿地荊棘"
},
{
"word": "满地荆棘"
},
{
"roman": "ránshāo de jīngjí",
"word": "燃燒的荊棘"
},
{
"roman": "ránshāo de jīngjí",
"word": "燃烧的荆棘"
},
{
"roman": "jǔdòngjīngjí",
"word": "舉動荊棘"
},
{
"roman": "jǔdòngjīngjí",
"word": "举动荆棘"
},
{
"word": "荊棘律"
},
{
"word": "荆棘律"
},
{
"word": "荊棘銅駝"
},
{
"word": "荆棘铜驼"
},
{
"word": "銅駝荊棘"
},
{
"word": "铜驼荆棘"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "荊棘"
},
"expansion": "荊棘",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "荊棘",
"2": "けいきょく",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "荊棘(けいきょく) (keikyoku)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "荊棘",
"2": "けいきょく",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "荊棘",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "荊棘",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "荊棘",
"v": "荊棘",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (荊棘):\n* → Japanese: 荊棘(けいきょく) (keikyoku)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "けいきょく"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (荊棘):\n* → Japanese: 荊棘(けいきょく) (keikyoku)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (荊棘):\n* → Japanese: 荊棘(けいきょく) (keikyoku)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "荊棘",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"chaotic; disorderly"
],
"links": [
[
"chaotic",
"chaotic"
],
[
"disorderly",
"disorderly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative) chaotic; disorderly"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jīngjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄥ ㄐㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "ging¹ gik¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kîn-kit"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "keng-kek"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "keng-kiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gêng¹ gêg⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jīngjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄥ ㄐㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jingjí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ching¹-chi²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jīng-jí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jingjyi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзинцзи"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czinczi"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gīng gīk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ging¹ gik⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ging¹ gig¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɪŋ⁵⁵ kɪk̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kîn-kit"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gin´ gid`"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ gid⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/kin²⁴ kit̚²/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "king-kik"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kengkeg"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚³²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "king-kiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kengkiag"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ³³ kiak̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "keng kek"
},
{
"ipa": "/keŋ³³⁻²³ kek̚²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kjaeng kik"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[k]reŋ krək/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*keŋ krɯɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɪŋ⁵⁵ kɪk̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kin²⁴ kit̚²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚³²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɪŋ³³ kiak̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/keŋ³³⁻²³ kek̚²/"
},
{
"other": "[k]"
},
{
"other": "/*keŋ krɯɡ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "一塌糊塗"
},
{
"word": "一塌糊涂"
},
{
"roman": "luàn",
"word": "亂"
},
{
"roman": "luàn",
"word": "乱"
},
{
"roman": "luànqībāzāo",
"word": "亂七八糟"
},
{
"roman": "luànqībāzāo",
"word": "乱七八糟"
},
{
"roman": "luànzá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "亂雜"
},
{
"roman": "luànzá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "乱杂"
},
{
"roman": "língluàn",
"word": "凌亂"
},
{
"english": "of sound",
"roman": "cáoluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "嘈亂"
},
{
"english": "of sound",
"roman": "cáoluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "嘈乱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "大鼎炒狗蟻"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "大鼎炒狗蚁"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "挐亂"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "挐乱"
},
{
"roman": "rǎorǎo",
"word": "擾擾"
},
{
"roman": "rǎorǎo",
"word": "扰扰"
},
{
"roman": "sǎnluàn",
"word": "散亂"
},
{
"roman": "sǎnluàn",
"word": "散乱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "有七無八"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "有七无八"
},
{
"roman": "xiáoluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "殽亂"
},
{
"roman": "xiáoluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "淆乱"
},
{
"roman": "hùnluàn",
"word": "混亂"
},
{
"roman": "hùnluàn",
"word": "混乱"
},
{
"roman": "wūqībāzāo",
"word": "烏七八糟"
},
{
"roman": "wūqībāzāo",
"word": "乌七八糟"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "烏哩單刀"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "乌哩单刀"
},
{
"roman": "wúxù",
"word": "無序"
},
{
"roman": "wúxù",
"word": "无序"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"literary"
],
"word": "狼戾"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"word": "狼狼戾戾"
},
{
"roman": "lángjí",
"word": "狼藉"
},
{
"english": "lap6 lap6-2 lyun6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "立立亂"
},
{
"english": "lap6 lap6-2 lyun6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "立立乱"
},
{
"word": "糊塗"
},
{
"word": "糊涂"
},
{
"roman": "jiūfēn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "糾紛"
},
{
"roman": "jiūfēn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "纠纷"
},
{
"roman": "wěn",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "紊"
},
{
"roman": "wěnluàn",
"word": "紊亂"
},
{
"roman": "wěnluàn",
"word": "紊乱"
},
{
"roman": "fēnluàn",
"word": "紛亂"
},
{
"roman": "fēnluàn",
"word": "纷乱"
},
{
"roman": "fēnzá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "紛雜"
},
{
"roman": "fēnzá",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "纷杂"
},
{
"roman": "liáoluàn",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "繚亂"
},
{
"roman": "liáoluàn",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "缭乱"
},
{
"roman": "sìluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "肆亂"
},
{
"roman": "sìluàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "肆乱"
},
{
"roman": "wúzá",
"word": "蕪雜"
},
{
"roman": "wúzá",
"word": "芜杂"
},
{
"roman": "záluàn",
"word": "雜亂"
},
{
"roman": "záluàn",
"word": "杂乱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"word": "鬼打樣"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"word": "鬼打样"
}
],
"word": "荊棘"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with hyōgaiji kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "荊棘",
"ruby": [
[
"荊",
"けい"
],
[
"棘",
"きょく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "keikyoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "けいきょく"
},
"expansion": "荊(けい)棘(きょく) • (keikyoku)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"thorns (thorny plants)"
],
"links": [
[
"thorns",
"thorns"
],
[
"thorny",
"thorny"
],
[
"plants",
"plants"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The path of hardships",
"ref": "2007, 新時代日漢辭典／新时代日汉辞典 (Xīn Shídài Rì-hàn Cídiǎn), 1st edition, 大新書局／大新书局 (Dàxīn Shūjú)",
"roman": "keikyoku no michi",
"ruby": [
[
"荊棘",
"けいきょく"
],
[
"道",
"みち"
]
],
"text": "荊棘の道"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hardships, difficulties"
],
"links": [
[
"hardships",
"hardships"
],
[
"difficulties",
"difficulties"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "けーきょく"
},
{
"ipa": "[ke̞ːkʲo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "荊棘"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.