See understanding on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "according to one's understanding"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "innerstanding"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "memorandum of understanding"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "natural language understanding"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "peace that passeth understanding"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "understandinge"
},
"expansion": "Middle English understandinge",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "understanding",
"t": "intelligence, understanding"
},
"expansion": "Old English understanding (“intelligence, understanding”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*undarstandingu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *undarstandingu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*understandingō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *understandingō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "understand",
"3": "-ing",
"id2": "gerund noun",
"pos2": "gerund ending"
},
"expansion": "understand + -ing (gerund ending)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "onderstaninge"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch onderstaninge",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "understandinge"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German understandinge",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "understandunge"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German understandunge",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English understandinge, understondinge, from Old English understanding (“intelligence, understanding”), from Proto-West Germanic *undarstandingu, from Proto-Germanic *understandingō, equivalent to understand + -ing (gerund ending). Cognate with Middle Dutch onderstaninge, Middle Low German understandinge, Middle High German understandunge.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "understandings",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "understanding (countable and uncountable, plural understandings)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"un‧der‧stand‧ing"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "intellection"
}
],
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "There are certain things that defy human understanding.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1712 (date written), [Joseph] Addison, Cato, a Tragedy. […], London: […] J[acob] Tonson, […], published 1713, →OCLC, Act I, scene i, page 2:",
"text": "The Ways of Heav’n are dark and intricate,\nPuzzled in Mazes, and perplext with Errors;\nOur Underſtanding traces ’em in vain,\nLoſt and bewilder’d in the fruitleſs Search; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The act of one that understands or comprehends; the mental process of discernment of meaning."
],
"id": "en-understanding-en-noun-D5MolUTp",
"links": [
[
"understand",
"understand"
],
[
"comprehend",
"comprehend"
],
[
"mental",
"mental"
],
[
"process",
"process"
],
[
"discernment",
"discernment"
],
[
"meaning",
"meaning"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) The act of one that understands or comprehends; the mental process of discernment of meaning."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "comprehension"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"with-of"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "fahm",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "فَهْم"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "haskacʻoġutʻyun",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "հասկացողություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "fəhm"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "anlayış"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "razumjénnje",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разуме́нне"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razbírane",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разби́ране"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sporazuménie",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "споразуме́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǐjiě",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "理解"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "liǎojiě",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "了解"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "míngbai",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "明白"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "porozumění"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "forståelse"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "begrip"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "intelekto"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "mõistmine"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "ymmärrys"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "ymmärtäminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "käsittäminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "compréhension"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comprensión"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gageba",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "გაგება"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Verstehen"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Verständnis"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Begreifen"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katanóisi",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κατανόηση"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "havaná",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "הֲבָנָה"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "samajh",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "समझ"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "megértés"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "belátás"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "felfogás"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "skilningur"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "pengertian"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "arvo"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "äly"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "comprensione"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"alt": "りかい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "rikai",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "理解"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "tüsınu",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "түсіну"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"alt": "理解",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ihae",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "이해"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"alt": "理解",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "rihae",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"North-Korea"
],
"word": "리해"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"alt": "了解",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yohae",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "요해"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"alt": "了解",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ryohae",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"North-Korea"
],
"word": "료해"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "tüşünüü",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "түшүнүү"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "izpratne"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "supratimas"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "razbiranje",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разбирање"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "māramatanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "ojlgolt",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "ойлголт"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "forståelse"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "witt"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "huş",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "هوش"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "idrak",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "ادراك"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "fahm",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "فَهم"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "dark",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "دَرک"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zrozumienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pojmowanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "compreensão"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "entendimento"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comprehensiune"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ponimánije",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "понима́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razuménije",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разуме́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "разумевање"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "razumevanje"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "porozumenie"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "razumevanje"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comprensión"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "förståelse"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "fahm",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "фаҳм"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "dark",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "дарк"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kwaam-kâo-jai",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "ความเข้าใจ"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "tpi",
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "save"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "anlayış"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "uga",
"lang": "Ugaritic",
"roman": "bynt",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "𐎁𐎊𐎐𐎚"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozumínnja",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "розумі́ння"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zrozumínnja",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "зрозумі́ння"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "samajh",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "سَمَجھ"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "chüshinish",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "چۈشىنىش"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "tushunish"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "fahm"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 20 5 5 5 11",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "sự hiểu"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 25 18 25 22 2 3 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 37 28 5 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 21 12 25 19 3 6 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ing (participial)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 26 13 21 23 3 4 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 22 15 29 20 2 3 2 5 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 18 14 30 16 2 5 3 8 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English terms suffixed with -ing",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 24 20 21 22 2 2 1 3 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 28 16 22 25 2 2 1 2 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 13 24 20 3 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 35 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 13 23 20 3 4 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 12 25 20 3 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 39 38 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 44 26 3 3 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 27 13 25 23 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 25 12 24 23 3 3 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 38 34 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 35 31 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 13 23 20 3 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 26 12 24 23 4 3 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 35 31 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 37 30 4 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 26 13 24 22 3 4 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 41 27 4 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 13 24 20 3 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gujarati translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 37 30 4 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 40 29 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 21 16 30 17 2 3 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 35 31 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 26 13 26 23 3 3 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 37 35 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 27 13 25 24 2 2 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 27 13 25 24 2 2 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 35 31 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 35 31 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 38 34 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Luhya translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 39 32 4 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 13 24 20 3 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 38 32 2 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mongolian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 34 30 4 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 42 25 2 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old English translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 41 26 5 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 35 29 4 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 24 12 22 21 3 4 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 23 12 28 19 2 3 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 13 23 20 3 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 37 35 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 40 28 4 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 31 4 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 35 31 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 27 13 24 24 2 3 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 37 33 4 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 25 13 25 21 2 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tajik translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 35 31 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 40 37 0 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 41 38 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tok Pisin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 37 31 3 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 38 30 3 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ugaritic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 38 33 4 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uyghur translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uzbek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "She has a solid understanding of particle physics.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Reason or intelligence; ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge; ability to infer."
],
"id": "en-understanding-en-noun-WEsbn5-M",
"links": [
[
"Reason",
"reason#English"
],
[
"intelligence",
"intelligence"
],
[
"grasp",
"grasp"
],
[
"knowledge",
"knowledge"
],
[
"infer",
"infer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) Reason or intelligence; ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge; ability to infer."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "comprehension"
},
{
"word": "grasp"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"with-of"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 87 4 1 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razbírane",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разби́ране"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 87 4 1 1 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "forstand"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 87 4 1 1 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "forståelse"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 87 4 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"english": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"word": "käsityskyky"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 87 4 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"english": "ability to infer",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"word": "päättelykyky"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 87 4 1 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "compréhension"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 87 4 1 1 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "entendemento"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 87 4 1 1 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gageba",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"word": "გაგება"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 87 4 1 1 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "čac̣vdoma",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"word": "ჩაწვდომა"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 87 4 1 1 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katanóisi",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κατανόηση"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 87 4 1 1 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "noïmosýni",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "νοημοσύνη"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 87 4 1 1 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "samajh",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "समझ"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 87 4 1 1 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "ʼakl, ʼakıl",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"word": "عقل"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 87 4 1 1 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "compreensão"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 87 4 1 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ponimánije",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "понима́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 87 4 1 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comprensión"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 87 4 1 1 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "förståelse"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 25 18 25 22 2 3 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 21 12 25 19 3 6 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ing (participial)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 26 13 21 23 3 4 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 28 16 22 25 2 2 1 2 1 1",
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"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "3 24 13 24 20 3 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 35 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 13 23 20 3 4 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 12 25 20 3 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 39 38 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 27 13 25 23 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 25 12 24 23 3 3 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 38 34 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 35 31 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 13 23 20 3 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 26 12 24 23 4 3 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 35 31 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 37 30 4 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 26 13 24 22 3 4 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 13 24 20 3 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gujarati translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 35 31 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 26 13 26 23 3 3 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 37 35 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 27 13 25 24 2 2 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 27 13 25 24 2 2 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 35 31 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 35 31 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 38 34 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Luhya translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 39 32 4 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 13 24 20 3 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 38 32 2 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mongolian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 34 30 4 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 35 29 4 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 24 12 22 21 3 4 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 23 12 28 19 2 3 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 13 23 20 3 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 37 35 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 31 4 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 35 31 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 27 13 24 24 2 3 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 37 33 4 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 25 13 25 21 2 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tajik translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 35 31 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 40 37 0 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 41 38 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tok Pisin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 37 31 3 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 38 33 4 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uyghur translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uzbek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 30 4 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1999, Vivian Patraka, Spectacular Suffering: Theatre, Fascism, and the Holocaust:",
"text": "It is the goneness of the Holocaust that produces the simultaneous profusion of discourses and understandings; the goneness is what opens up, what spurs, what unleashes the perpetual desire to do, to make, to rethink the Holocaust.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2002, Ross Mackenzie, Marcus J. Borg, editors, God at 2000, page 48:",
"text": "There is a multitude of theisms, many understandings of God, even within the same religious tradition.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 August 3, “The machine of a new soul”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:",
"text": "The yawning gap in neuroscientists’ understanding of their topic is in the intermediate scale of the brain’s anatomy. Science has a passable knowledge of how individual nerve cells, known as neurons, work. It also knows which visible lobes and ganglia of the brain do what. But how the neurons are organised in these lobes and ganglia remains obscure.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "According to my understanding, the situation is quite perilous. I wonder if you see it this way, too.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Opinion, judgement, or outlook."
],
"id": "en-understanding-en-noun-wyPeEqt4",
"links": [
[
"Opinion",
"opinion#English"
],
[
"judgement",
"judgement"
],
[
"outlook",
"outlook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) Opinion, judgement, or outlook."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"with-of"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 5 89 1 1 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ruʔya",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "رُؤْيَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 89 1 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "shváštane",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "схва́щане"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 89 1 1 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "forståelse"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 89 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"word": "näkökulma"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 89 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"word": "näkemys"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 89 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"word": "käsitys"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 89 1 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Verständnis"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 89 1 1 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "nazar",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "नज़र"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 89 1 1 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"word": "megítélés"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 89 1 1 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "entendimento"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 89 1 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comprensión"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I thought we had an understanding - you do the dishes, and I throw the trash.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An agreement of minds; harmony; something mutually understood or agreed upon.",
"An informal contract; a mutual agreement."
],
"id": "en-understanding-en-noun-en:agreement",
"links": [
[
"agreement",
"agreement"
],
[
"mind",
"mind"
],
[
"harmony",
"harmony"
],
[
"informal",
"informal"
],
[
"contract",
"contract"
],
[
"mutual",
"mutual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) An agreement of minds; harmony; something mutually understood or agreed upon.",
"An informal contract; a mutual agreement."
],
"senseid": [
"en:agreement"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable",
"with-of"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "tafāhum",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَفَاهُم"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎglásie",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "съгла́сие"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dohoda"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "aftale"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "forståelse"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"word": "overeenkomst"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"word": "verstandhouding"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"word": "yhteisymmärrys"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Vereinbarung"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "synennóisi",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "συνεννόηση"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"word": "megállapodás"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"word": "megegyezés"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"word": "egyezség"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "luy",
"lang": "Luhya",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"word": "kamasikisano"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "entendimento"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vzaimoponimánije",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "взаимопонима́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "soglásije",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "согла́сие"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "còrdadh"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aontachadh"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "compromiso"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"word": "masikizano"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "överenskommelse"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"word": "plāksar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "uhóda",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "уго́да"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "porozumínnja",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "порозумі́ння"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 90 7 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "domóvlenistʹ",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "домо́вленість"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The parties of the negotiation have managed to come to an understanding.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An agreement of minds; harmony; something mutually understood or agreed upon.",
"A reconciliation of differences."
],
"id": "en-understanding-en-noun-en:agreement1",
"links": [
[
"agreement",
"agreement"
],
[
"mind",
"mind"
],
[
"harmony",
"harmony"
],
[
"reconciliation",
"reconciliation"
],
[
"differences",
"differences"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) An agreement of minds; harmony; something mutually understood or agreed upon.",
"A reconciliation of differences."
],
"senseid": [
"en:agreement"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable",
"with-of"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 1 92 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reconciliation of differences",
"word": "yhteisymmärrys"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 1 92 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reconciliation of differences",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Einigung"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 1 92 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "synennóisi",
"sense": "reconciliation of differences",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "συνεννόηση"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 1 92 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "reconciliation of differences",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aontachadh"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 1 92 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "reconciliation of differences",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "còrdadh"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 2 1 92 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reconciliation of differences",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avenimiento"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He showed much understanding for my problems when he heard about my past.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sympathy."
],
"id": "en-understanding-en-noun-OvC1I1WX",
"links": [
[
"Sympathy",
"sympathy#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Sympathy."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"with-of"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 1 1 92",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sympathy",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pochopení"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 1 1 92",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sympathy",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "porozumění"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 1 1 92",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "sympathy",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "forståelse"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 1 1 92",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sympathy",
"word": "myötätunto"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 1 1 92",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sympathy",
"word": "ymmärrys"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 1 1 92",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sympathy",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "compréhension"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 1 1 92",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sympathy",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Verständnis"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 1 1 92",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katanóisi",
"sense": "sympathy",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κατανόηση"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 1 1 92",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sympathy",
"word": "megértés"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 1 1 92",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sympathy",
"word": "együttérzés"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 1 1 92",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sympathy",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "wyrozumiałość"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 1 1 92",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sympathy",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zrozumienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 1 1 92",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sympathy",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comprensión"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 1 1 92",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "porozumínnja",
"sense": "sympathy",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "порозумі́ння"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʌndəˈstandɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌʌndɚˈstændɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-understanding.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/En-us-understanding.ogg/En-us-understanding.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/En-us-understanding.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ændɪŋ"
}
],
"word": "understanding"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "understandyng"
},
"expansion": "Middle English understandyng",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "understandende"
},
"expansion": "Old English understandende",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*undarstandandī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *undarstandandī",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*understandandz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *understandandz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*understandaną",
"t": "to stand between, intercede, understand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *understandaną (“to stand between, intercede, understand”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "understand",
"3": "-ing",
"id2": "participial",
"pos2": "present participle ending"
},
"expansion": "understand + -ing (present participle ending)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English understandyng, understondynge, understondinde, undirstondend, understandande, from Old English understandende, from Proto-West Germanic *undarstandandī, from Proto-Germanic *understandandz, present participle of Proto-Germanic *understandaną (“to stand between, intercede, understand”), equivalent to understand + -ing (present participle ending).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more understanding",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most understanding",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "understanding (comparative more understanding, superlative most understanding)",
"name": "en-adj"
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],
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"un‧der‧stand‧ing"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Showing compassion, tolerance, and forbearance; sympathetically aware."
],
"id": "en-understanding-en-adj-adxnNH9A",
"links": [
[
"compassion",
"compassion"
],
[
"tolerance",
"tolerance"
],
[
"forbearance",
"forbearance"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "فهم"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otzivčiv",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "отзивчив"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "comprensiu"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "forstående"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "begripvol"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "ymmärtäväinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "myötätuntoinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "compréhensif"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "verständnisvoll"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "samajdār",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "સમજદાર"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "megale/megala havana",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "מגלה הבנה"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "megértő"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "arvolliin"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"alt": "なっとく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "nattoku",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "納得"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "sciens"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "intellegens"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "videns"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "capiens"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "wyrozumiały"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "compreensivo"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "înțelegător"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "comprensivo"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "comprehensivo"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "förstående"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 25 18 25 22 2 3 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 21 12 25 19 3 6 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ing (participial)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 26 13 21 23 3 4 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 24 20 21 22 2 2 1 3 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 28 16 22 25 2 2 1 2 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 13 24 20 3 3 6 4",
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"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 13 23 20 3 4 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 12 25 20 3 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 27 13 25 23 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 25 12 24 23 3 3 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 13 23 20 3 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 26 12 24 23 4 3 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 26 13 24 22 3 4 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 13 24 20 3 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gujarati translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 26 13 26 23 3 3 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 27 13 25 24 2 2 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 27 13 25 24 2 2 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 13 24 20 3 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 24 12 22 21 3 4 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 23 12 28 19 2 3 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 13 23 20 3 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 27 13 24 24 2 3 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 25 13 25 21 2 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Knowing; skilful."
],
"id": "en-understanding-en-adj-Mxmda1Sh",
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) Knowing; skilful."
],
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "shvatliv",
"sense": "knowing, skilful",
"word": "схватлив"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "knowing, skilful",
"word": "aweko"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʌndəˈstandɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌʌndɚˈstændɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-understanding.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/En-us-understanding.ogg/En-us-understanding.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/En-us-understanding.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ændɪŋ"
}
],
"word": "understanding"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "understandyng"
},
"expansion": "Middle English understandyng",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "understandende"
},
"expansion": "Old English understandende",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*undarstandandī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *undarstandandī",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*understandandz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *understandandz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*understandaną",
"t": "to stand between, intercede, understand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *understandaną (“to stand between, intercede, understand”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "understand",
"3": "-ing",
"id2": "participial",
"pos2": "present participle ending"
},
"expansion": "understand + -ing (present participle ending)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English understandyng, understondynge, understondinde, undirstondend, understandande, from Old English understandende, from Proto-West Germanic *undarstandandī, from Proto-Germanic *understandandz, present participle of Proto-Germanic *understandaną (“to stand between, intercede, understand”), equivalent to understand + -ing (present participle ending).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "understanding",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"un‧der‧stand‧ing"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 June 7, David Simpson, “Fantasy of navigation”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 36:",
"text": "It is tempting to speculate about the incentives or compulsions that might explain why anyone would take to the skies in [the] basket [of a balloon]: […]; […]; or perhaps to muse on the irrelevance of the borders that separate nation states and keep people from understanding their shared environment.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "understand"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present participle and gerund of understand"
],
"id": "en-understanding-en-verb-X9en2fkH",
"links": [
[
"understand",
"understand#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʌndəˈstandɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌʌndɚˈstændɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-understanding.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/En-us-understanding.ogg/En-us-understanding.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/En-us-understanding.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ændɪŋ"
}
],
"word": "understanding"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "understandinge",
"3": "understondinge"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: understandinge, understondinge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: understandinge, understondinge"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "understanding"
},
"expansion": "English: understanding",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: understanding"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "understanding"
},
"expansion": "Scots: understanding",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: understanding"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*undarstandingu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *undarstandingu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "understandan",
"3": "-ing"
},
"expansion": "understandan + -ing",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *undarstandingu, equivalent to understandan + -ing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-o-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "understanding",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "understandinga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "understandinge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "understandinge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "understandinga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "understandinge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "understandinge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "understandinga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "understandinge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "understandingum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "understandincg",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "understanding f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "understanding f",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "understanding",
"long": "1"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-o-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "understanding",
"2": "understandinga,understandinge",
"3": "understandinge",
"4": "understandinga,understandinge",
"5": "understandinge",
"6": "understandinga",
"7": "understandinge",
"8": "understandingum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong ō-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"intelligence"
],
"id": "en-understanding-ang-noun-n4Cl4UAX",
"links": [
[
"intelligence",
"intelligence"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"perception, understanding"
],
"id": "en-understanding-ang-noun-DUQuF5G~",
"links": [
[
"perception",
"perception"
],
[
"understanding",
"understanding#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌun.derˈstɑn.dinɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˌun.derˈstɑn.diŋɡ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "andġiet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "andġiete"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ferhþġewit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ġearuwita"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ġeþanc"
}
],
"word": "understanding"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)",
"English terms suffixed with -ing (participial)",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verb forms",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English feminine nouns",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms suffixed with -ing",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English ō-stem nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Central Kurdish translations",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Rhymes:English/ændɪŋ",
"Rhymes:English/ændɪŋ/4 syllables",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Gujarati translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Luhya translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"Terms with Tok Pisin translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ugaritic translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "according to one's understanding"
},
{
"word": "innerstanding"
},
{
"word": "memorandum of understanding"
},
{
"word": "natural language understanding"
},
{
"word": "peace that passeth understanding"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "understandinge"
},
"expansion": "Middle English understandinge",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "understanding",
"t": "intelligence, understanding"
},
"expansion": "Old English understanding (“intelligence, understanding”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*undarstandingu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *undarstandingu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*understandingō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *understandingō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "understand",
"3": "-ing",
"id2": "gerund noun",
"pos2": "gerund ending"
},
"expansion": "understand + -ing (gerund ending)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "onderstaninge"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch onderstaninge",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "understandinge"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German understandinge",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "understandunge"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German understandunge",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English understandinge, understondinge, from Old English understanding (“intelligence, understanding”), from Proto-West Germanic *undarstandingu, from Proto-Germanic *understandingō, equivalent to understand + -ing (gerund ending). Cognate with Middle Dutch onderstaninge, Middle Low German understandinge, Middle High German understandunge.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "understandings",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "understanding (countable and uncountable, plural understandings)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"un‧der‧stand‧ing"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "intellection"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "There are certain things that defy human understanding.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1712 (date written), [Joseph] Addison, Cato, a Tragedy. […], London: […] J[acob] Tonson, […], published 1713, →OCLC, Act I, scene i, page 2:",
"text": "The Ways of Heav’n are dark and intricate,\nPuzzled in Mazes, and perplext with Errors;\nOur Underſtanding traces ’em in vain,\nLoſt and bewilder’d in the fruitleſs Search; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The act of one that understands or comprehends; the mental process of discernment of meaning."
],
"links": [
[
"understand",
"understand"
],
[
"comprehend",
"comprehend"
],
[
"mental",
"mental"
],
[
"process",
"process"
],
[
"discernment",
"discernment"
],
[
"meaning",
"meaning"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) The act of one that understands or comprehends; the mental process of discernment of meaning."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "comprehension"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"with-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "She has a solid understanding of particle physics.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Reason or intelligence; ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge; ability to infer."
],
"links": [
[
"Reason",
"reason#English"
],
[
"intelligence",
"intelligence"
],
[
"grasp",
"grasp"
],
[
"knowledge",
"knowledge"
],
[
"infer",
"infer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) Reason or intelligence; ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge; ability to infer."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "comprehension"
},
{
"word": "grasp"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"with-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1999, Vivian Patraka, Spectacular Suffering: Theatre, Fascism, and the Holocaust:",
"text": "It is the goneness of the Holocaust that produces the simultaneous profusion of discourses and understandings; the goneness is what opens up, what spurs, what unleashes the perpetual desire to do, to make, to rethink the Holocaust.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2002, Ross Mackenzie, Marcus J. Borg, editors, God at 2000, page 48:",
"text": "There is a multitude of theisms, many understandings of God, even within the same religious tradition.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 August 3, “The machine of a new soul”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:",
"text": "The yawning gap in neuroscientists’ understanding of their topic is in the intermediate scale of the brain’s anatomy. Science has a passable knowledge of how individual nerve cells, known as neurons, work. It also knows which visible lobes and ganglia of the brain do what. But how the neurons are organised in these lobes and ganglia remains obscure.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "According to my understanding, the situation is quite perilous. I wonder if you see it this way, too.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Opinion, judgement, or outlook."
],
"links": [
[
"Opinion",
"opinion#English"
],
[
"judgement",
"judgement"
],
[
"outlook",
"outlook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) Opinion, judgement, or outlook."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"with-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I thought we had an understanding - you do the dishes, and I throw the trash.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An agreement of minds; harmony; something mutually understood or agreed upon.",
"An informal contract; a mutual agreement."
],
"links": [
[
"agreement",
"agreement"
],
[
"mind",
"mind"
],
[
"harmony",
"harmony"
],
[
"informal",
"informal"
],
[
"contract",
"contract"
],
[
"mutual",
"mutual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) An agreement of minds; harmony; something mutually understood or agreed upon.",
"An informal contract; a mutual agreement."
],
"senseid": [
"en:agreement"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable",
"with-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The parties of the negotiation have managed to come to an understanding.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An agreement of minds; harmony; something mutually understood or agreed upon.",
"A reconciliation of differences."
],
"links": [
[
"agreement",
"agreement"
],
[
"mind",
"mind"
],
[
"harmony",
"harmony"
],
[
"reconciliation",
"reconciliation"
],
[
"differences",
"differences"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) An agreement of minds; harmony; something mutually understood or agreed upon.",
"A reconciliation of differences."
],
"senseid": [
"en:agreement"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable",
"with-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He showed much understanding for my problems when he heard about my past.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sympathy."
],
"links": [
[
"Sympathy",
"sympathy#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Sympathy."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"with-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʌndəˈstandɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌʌndɚˈstændɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-understanding.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/En-us-understanding.ogg/En-us-understanding.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/En-us-understanding.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ændɪŋ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "fahm",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "فَهْم"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "haskacʻoġutʻyun",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "հասկացողություն"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "fəhm"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "anlayış"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "razumjénnje",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разуме́нне"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razbírane",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разби́ране"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sporazuménie",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "споразуме́ние"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǐjiě",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "理解"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "liǎojiě",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "了解"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "míngbai",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "明白"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "porozumění"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "forståelse"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "begrip"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "intelekto"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "mõistmine"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "ymmärrys"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "ymmärtäminen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "käsittäminen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "compréhension"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comprensión"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gageba",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "გაგება"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Verstehen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Verständnis"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Begreifen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katanóisi",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κατανόηση"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "havaná",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "הֲבָנָה"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "samajh",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "समझ"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "megértés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "belátás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "felfogás"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "skilningur"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "pengertian"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "arvo"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "äly"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "comprensione"
},
{
"alt": "りかい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "rikai",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "理解"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "tüsınu",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "түсіну"
},
{
"alt": "理解",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ihae",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "이해"
},
{
"alt": "理解",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "rihae",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"North-Korea"
],
"word": "리해"
},
{
"alt": "了解",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yohae",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "요해"
},
{
"alt": "了解",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ryohae",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"North-Korea"
],
"word": "료해"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "tüşünüü",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "түшүнүү"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "izpratne"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "supratimas"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "razbiranje",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разбирање"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "māramatanga"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "ojlgolt",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "ойлголт"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "forståelse"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "witt"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "huş",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "هوش"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "idrak",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "ادراك"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "fahm",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "فَهم"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "dark",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "دَرک"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zrozumienie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pojmowanie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "compreensão"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "entendimento"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comprehensiune"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ponimánije",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "понима́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razuménije",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разуме́ние"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "разумевање"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "razumevanje"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "porozumenie"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "razumevanje"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comprensión"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "förståelse"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "fahm",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "фаҳм"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "dark",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "дарк"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kwaam-kâo-jai",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "ความเข้าใจ"
},
{
"code": "tpi",
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "save"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "anlayış"
},
{
"code": "uga",
"lang": "Ugaritic",
"roman": "bynt",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "𐎁𐎊𐎐𐎚"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozumínnja",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "розумі́ння"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zrozumínnja",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "зрозумі́ння"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "samajh",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "سَمَجھ"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "chüshinish",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "چۈشىنىش"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "tushunish"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "fahm"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "(uncountable) the mental process of discernment of meaning",
"word": "sự hiểu"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razbírane",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "разби́ране"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "forstand"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "forståelse"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"word": "käsityskyky"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "ability to infer",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"word": "päättelykyky"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "compréhension"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "entendemento"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gageba",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"word": "გაგება"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "čac̣vdoma",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"word": "ჩაწვდომა"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katanóisi",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κατανόηση"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "noïmosýni",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "νοημοσύνη"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "samajh",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "समझ"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "ʼakl, ʼakıl",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"word": "عقل"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "compreensão"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ponimánije",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "понима́ние"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comprensión"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge, ability to infer",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "förståelse"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ruʔya",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "رُؤْيَة"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "shváštane",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "схва́щане"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "forståelse"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"word": "näkökulma"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"word": "näkemys"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"word": "käsitys"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Verständnis"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "nazar",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "नज़र"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"word": "megítélés"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "entendimento"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "opinion, judgement or outlook",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comprensión"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "tafāhum",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَفَاهُم"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎglásie",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "съгла́сие"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dohoda"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "aftale"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "forståelse"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"word": "overeenkomst"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"word": "verstandhouding"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"word": "yhteisymmärrys"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Vereinbarung"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "synennóisi",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "συνεννόηση"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"word": "megállapodás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"word": "megegyezés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"word": "egyezség"
},
{
"code": "luy",
"lang": "Luhya",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"word": "kamasikisano"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "entendimento"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vzaimoponimánije",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "взаимопонима́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "soglásije",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "согла́сие"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "còrdadh"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aontachadh"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "compromiso"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"word": "masikizano"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "överenskommelse"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"word": "plāksar"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "uhóda",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "уго́да"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "porozumínnja",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "порозумі́ння"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "domóvlenistʹ",
"sense": "informal contract, mutual agreement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "домо́вленість"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reconciliation of differences",
"word": "yhteisymmärrys"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reconciliation of differences",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Einigung"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "synennóisi",
"sense": "reconciliation of differences",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "συνεννόηση"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "reconciliation of differences",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aontachadh"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "reconciliation of differences",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "còrdadh"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reconciliation of differences",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avenimiento"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sympathy",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pochopení"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sympathy",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "porozumění"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "sympathy",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "forståelse"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sympathy",
"word": "myötätunto"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sympathy",
"word": "ymmärrys"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sympathy",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "compréhension"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sympathy",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Verständnis"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katanóisi",
"sense": "sympathy",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κατανόηση"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sympathy",
"word": "megértés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sympathy",
"word": "együttérzés"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sympathy",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "wyrozumiałość"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sympathy",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zrozumienie"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sympathy",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comprensión"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "porozumínnja",
"sense": "sympathy",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "порозумі́ння"
}
],
"word": "understanding"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms suffixed with -ing (participial)",
"English verb forms",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English feminine nouns",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms suffixed with -ing",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English ō-stem nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ændɪŋ",
"Rhymes:English/ændɪŋ/4 syllables",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gujarati translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "understandyng"
},
"expansion": "Middle English understandyng",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "understandende"
},
"expansion": "Old English understandende",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*undarstandandī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *undarstandandī",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*understandandz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *understandandz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*understandaną",
"t": "to stand between, intercede, understand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *understandaną (“to stand between, intercede, understand”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "understand",
"3": "-ing",
"id2": "participial",
"pos2": "present participle ending"
},
"expansion": "understand + -ing (present participle ending)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English understandyng, understondynge, understondinde, undirstondend, understandande, from Old English understandende, from Proto-West Germanic *undarstandandī, from Proto-Germanic *understandandz, present participle of Proto-Germanic *understandaną (“to stand between, intercede, understand”), equivalent to understand + -ing (present participle ending).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more understanding",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most understanding",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "understanding (comparative more understanding, superlative most understanding)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"un‧der‧stand‧ing"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Showing compassion, tolerance, and forbearance; sympathetically aware."
],
"links": [
[
"compassion",
"compassion"
],
[
"tolerance",
"tolerance"
],
[
"forbearance",
"forbearance"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Knowing; skilful."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) Knowing; skilful."
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʌndəˈstandɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌʌndɚˈstændɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-understanding.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/En-us-understanding.ogg/En-us-understanding.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/En-us-understanding.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ændɪŋ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "فهم"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otzivčiv",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "отзивчив"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "comprensiu"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "forstående"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "begripvol"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "ymmärtäväinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "myötätuntoinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "compréhensif"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "verständnisvoll"
},
{
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "samajdār",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "સમજદાર"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "megale/megala havana",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "מגלה הבנה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "megértő"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "arvolliin"
},
{
"alt": "なっとく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "nattoku",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "納得"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "sciens"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "intellegens"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "videns"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "capiens"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "wyrozumiały"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "compreensivo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "înțelegător"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "comprensivo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "comprehensivo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "showing compassion",
"word": "förstående"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "shvatliv",
"sense": "knowing, skilful",
"word": "схватлив"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "knowing, skilful",
"word": "aweko"
}
],
"word": "understanding"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms suffixed with -ing (participial)",
"English verb forms",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English feminine nouns",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms suffixed with -ing",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English ō-stem nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ændɪŋ",
"Rhymes:English/ændɪŋ/4 syllables",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gujarati translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "understandyng"
},
"expansion": "Middle English understandyng",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "understandende"
},
"expansion": "Old English understandende",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*undarstandandī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *undarstandandī",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*understandandz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *understandandz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*understandaną",
"t": "to stand between, intercede, understand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *understandaną (“to stand between, intercede, understand”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "understand",
"3": "-ing",
"id2": "participial",
"pos2": "present participle ending"
},
"expansion": "understand + -ing (present participle ending)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English understandyng, understondynge, understondinde, undirstondend, understandande, from Old English understandende, from Proto-West Germanic *undarstandandī, from Proto-Germanic *understandandz, present participle of Proto-Germanic *understandaną (“to stand between, intercede, understand”), equivalent to understand + -ing (present participle ending).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "understanding",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"un‧der‧stand‧ing"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 June 7, David Simpson, “Fantasy of navigation”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 36:",
"text": "It is tempting to speculate about the incentives or compulsions that might explain why anyone would take to the skies in [the] basket [of a balloon]: […]; […]; or perhaps to muse on the irrelevance of the borders that separate nation states and keep people from understanding their shared environment.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "understand"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present participle and gerund of understand"
],
"links": [
[
"understand",
"understand#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʌndəˈstandɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌʌndɚˈstændɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-understanding.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/En-us-understanding.ogg/En-us-understanding.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/En-us-understanding.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ændɪŋ"
}
],
"word": "understanding"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English feminine nouns",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms suffixed with -ing",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English ō-stem nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "understandinge",
"3": "understondinge"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: understandinge, understondinge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: understandinge, understondinge"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "understanding"
},
"expansion": "English: understanding",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: understanding"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "understanding"
},
"expansion": "Scots: understanding",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: understanding"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*undarstandingu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *undarstandingu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "understandan",
"3": "-ing"
},
"expansion": "understandan + -ing",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *undarstandingu, equivalent to understandan + -ing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-o-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "understanding",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "understandinga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "understandinge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "understandinge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "understandinga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "understandinge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "understandinge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "understandinga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "understandinge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "understandingum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "understandincg",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "understanding f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "understanding f",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "understanding",
"long": "1"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-o-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "understanding",
"2": "understandinga,understandinge",
"3": "understandinge",
"4": "understandinga,understandinge",
"5": "understandinge",
"6": "understandinga",
"7": "understandinge",
"8": "understandingum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong ō-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"intelligence"
],
"links": [
[
"intelligence",
"intelligence"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"perception, understanding"
],
"links": [
[
"perception",
"perception"
],
[
"understanding",
"understanding#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌun.derˈstɑn.dinɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˌun.derˈstɑn.diŋɡ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "andġiet"
},
{
"word": "andġiete"
},
{
"word": "ferhþġewit"
},
{
"word": "ġearuwita"
},
{
"word": "ġeþanc"
}
],
"word": "understanding"
}
Download raw JSONL data for understanding meaning in All languages combined (46.9kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: but with for in sense of \"sympathy\"",
"path": [
"understanding"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "understanding",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.