See speculate on Wiktionary
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"2": "la",
"3": "speculātus"
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"expansion": "Latin speculātus",
"name": "bor"
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],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin speculātus, past participle of speculor (“look out”), from specula (“watchtower”), from speciō (“look at”).",
"forms": [
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"form": "speculates",
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"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
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"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
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"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
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"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
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"kind": "topical",
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne, chapter 13, in The Scarlet Letter, a Romance, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor, Reed, and Fields, →OCLC:",
"text": "It is remarkable that persons who speculate the most boldly often conform with the most perfect quietude to the external regulations of society.",
"type": "quote"
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],
"glosses": [
"To think, meditate or reflect on a subject; to consider, to deliberate or cogitate."
],
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"think",
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"meditate",
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"reflect",
"reflect"
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"deliberate",
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[
"cogitate",
"cogitate"
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"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, intransitive) To think, meditate or reflect on a subject; to consider, to deliberate or cogitate."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "43 12 23 21",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razmišljavam",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "размишлявам"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 12 23 21",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chénsī",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "沉思"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 12 23 21",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "spekulere"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 12 23 21",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "pohtia"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 12 23 21",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "pohdiskella"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 12 23 21",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "spéculer"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 12 23 21",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "spekulieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 12 23 21",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "Vermutungen anstellen"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 12 23 21",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "mereng"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 12 23 21",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "spekulál"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 12 23 21",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "cogitare"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 12 23 21",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "meditare"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 12 23 21",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "escogitare"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 12 23 21",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "kohuki"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 12 23 21",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "whakaaroaro"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 12 23 21",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razmyšljátʹ",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "размышля́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 12 23 21",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "délatʹ predpoložénija",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "де́лать предположе́ния"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 12 23 21",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "spekulera"
}
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1983, Richard Ellis, The Book of Sharks, Knopf, →ISBN, page 171:",
"text": "We can speculate that in many instances the sharks are not feeding on their victims, but only in a few cases can we guess what they are doing.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 7, David Simpson, “Fantasy of navigation”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 36:",
"text": "It is tempting to speculate about the incentives or compulsions that might explain why anyone would take to the skies in [the] basket [of a balloon]: perhaps out of a desire to escape the gravity of this world or to get a preview of the next; […].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make an inference based on inconclusive evidence; to surmise or conjecture."
],
"id": "en-speculate-en-verb-Vrfv2~xg",
"links": [
[
"inference",
"inference"
],
[
"inconclusive",
"inconclusive"
],
[
"evidence",
"evidence"
],
[
"surmise",
"surmise"
],
[
"conjecture",
"conjecture"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To make an inference based on inconclusive evidence; to surmise or conjecture."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 85 8 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "spekuliram",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "спекулирам"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 8 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "gætte"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 8 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "vermoeden"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 8 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "arvailla"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 8 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "jossitella"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 8 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "vermuten"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 8 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "theōréō",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "θεωρέω"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 8 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "spekulál"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 8 4",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "spekular"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 8 4",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "berspekulasi"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 8 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "speculare"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 8 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "elucubrare"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 8 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "kohuki"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 8 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "gdybać"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 85 8 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predpolagátʹ",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "предполага́ть"
}
]
},
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{
"ref": "1951 May, R. K. Kirkland, “The Cavan & Leitrim Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 345:",
"text": "Some preliminary legal arrangements were made, but the scheme proceeded no further, as the various local authorities concerned were unwilling to speculate public funds on what was, even at that date, a will o' the wisp.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make a risky trade in the hope of making a profit; to venture or gamble."
],
"id": "en-speculate-en-verb-6wneDaE5",
"links": [
[
"business",
"business"
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[
"finance",
"finance#Noun"
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[
"risky",
"risky"
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[
"trade",
"trade"
],
[
"profit",
"profit"
],
[
"venture",
"venture"
],
[
"gamble",
"gamble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, business, finance) To make a risky trade in the hope of making a profit; to venture or gamble."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"finance"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 15 84 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "spekuliram",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "спекулирам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 84 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "spekulovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 84 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "spekulere"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 84 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "speculeren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 84 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "keinotella"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 84 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "spekuloida"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 84 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "spéculer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 84 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "spekulieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 84 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "spekulál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 84 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "speculare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 84 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "giocare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 84 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "investire"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 84 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "approfittarsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 84 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "spekulować"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 84 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "spekulírovatʹ",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "спекули́ровать"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 15 84 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "spekulera"
}
]
},
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"ref": "2013 June 7, David Simpson, “Fantasy of navigation”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 36:",
"text": "It is tempting to speculate about the incentives or compulsions that might explain why anyone would take to the skies in [the] basket [of a balloon]: perhaps out of a desire to escape the gravity of this world or to get a preview of the next; […].",
"type": "quote"
}
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"ref": "1951 May, R. K. Kirkland, “The Cavan & Leitrim Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 345:",
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}
],
"glosses": [
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],
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"business"
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"trade"
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[
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"natural-sciences",
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"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razmišljavam",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "размишлявам"
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"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "沉思"
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"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "spekulere"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "pohtia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "pohdiskella"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "spéculer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "spekulieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "Vermutungen anstellen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "mereng"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "spekulál"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "cogitare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "meditare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "escogitare"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "kohuki"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "whakaaroaro"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razmyšljátʹ",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "размышля́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "délatʹ predpoložénija",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "де́лать предположе́ния"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to meditate",
"word": "spekulera"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "spekuliram",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "спекулирам"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "gætte"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "vermoeden"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "arvailla"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "jossitella"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "vermuten"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "theōréō",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "θεωρέω"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "spekulál"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "spekular"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "berspekulasi"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "speculare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "elucubrare"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "kohuki"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "gdybać"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predpolagátʹ",
"sense": "to make an inference based on inconclusive evidence",
"word": "предполага́ть"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "spekuliram",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "спекулирам"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "spekulovat"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "spekulere"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "speculeren"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "keinotella"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "spekuloida"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "spéculer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "spekulieren"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "spekulál"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "speculare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "giocare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "investire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "approfittarsi"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "spekulować"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "spekulírovatʹ",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "спекули́ровать"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to make a risky trade",
"word": "spekulera"
}
],
"word": "speculate"
}
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"word": "speculate"
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"pos": "verb",
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"form_of": [
{
"word": "speculato"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feminine plural of speculato"
],
"links": [
[
"speculato",
"speculato#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"participle",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "speculate"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "speculāte",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "participle form",
"head": "speculāte"
},
"expansion": "speculāte",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 4-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin participle forms",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "speculātus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vocative masculine singular of speculātus"
],
"links": [
[
"speculātus",
"speculatus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/spe.kuˈlaː.te/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[s̠pɛkʊˈɫ̪äːt̪ɛ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/spe.kuˈla.te/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[spekuˈläːt̪e]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "speculate"
}
Download raw JSONL data for speculate meaning in All languages combined (13.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.