See shelf on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for shelf meaning in All languages combined (34.6kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "beehive shelf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "commercial off-the-shelf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ice-shelf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "off-the-shelf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "off the shelf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "on the shelf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shelf bra"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shelf break"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shelf cloud"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shelfful"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shelf fungus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shelf ice"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shelfless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shelf life"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shelflike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shelfmark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shelf-screamer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shelf-stable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shelf-talker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shelf-wobbler"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shelf-worn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"word": "shelve"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shelvy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "simian shelf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "swing shelf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "top-shelf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "top shelf"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "šelf",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: šelf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: šelf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "seilf",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Irish: seilf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Irish: seilf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "šȅlf",
"3": "ше̏лф",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian: šȅlf, ше̏лф",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: šȅlf, ше̏лф"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "silff",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: silff",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: silff"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "schelfe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English schelfe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċielfe",
"4": "sċylfe"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċylfe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sċielfe",
"3": "sċilfe",
"t": "shelf, ledge, deck of a ship"
},
"expansion": "sċilfe (“shelf, ledge, deck of a ship”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*skilfijā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skilfijā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skelfō",
"t": "shelf, ledge, cliff"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skelfō (“shelf, ledge, cliff”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kelH-",
"t": "to cut"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to cut”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sculpt"
},
"expansion": "sculpt",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "carve"
},
"expansion": "carve",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shell"
},
"expansion": "shell",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schelf",
"t": "hay loft, haystack"
},
"expansion": "Dutch schelf (“hay loft, haystack”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Schelf",
"t": "haystack"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Schelf (“haystack”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skjalf",
"t": "bench"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse skjalf (“bench”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English schelfe, probably from Old English sċylfe, sċilfe (“shelf, ledge, deck of a ship”), from Proto-West Germanic *skilfijā, from Proto-Germanic *skelfō (“shelf, ledge, cliff”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to cut”), distantly related to sculpt, carve and shell. Cognate with Dutch schelf (“hay loft, haystack”), German Low German Schelf (“haystack”), Old Norse skjalf (“bench”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shelves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "shelves"
},
"expansion": "shelf (plural shelves)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bookshelf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chimney shelf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "continental shelf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ice shelf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "parcel shelf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sulfur shelf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sulphur shelf"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shelve"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 13 12 15 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 12 12 17 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 10 10 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "56 6 11 22 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Furniture",
"orig": "en:Furniture",
"parents": [
"Home",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "We keep the old newspapers on the bottom shelf of the cupboard, and our photos on the top shelf.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2012 October 31, David M. Halbfinger, New York Times, retrieved 2012-10-31",
"text": "Localities across New Jersey imposed curfews to prevent looting. In Monmouth, Ocean and other counties, people waited for hours for gasoline at the few stations that had electricity. Supermarket shelves were stripped bare.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A flat, rigid structure, fixed at right angles to a wall or forming a part of a cabinet, desk, etc., and used to display, store, or support objects."
],
"id": "en-shelf-en-noun-04gf7sDV",
"links": [
[
"flat",
"flat#Adjective"
],
[
"rigid",
"rigid#Adjective"
],
[
"structure",
"structure#Noun"
],
[
"fixed",
"fix#Verb"
],
[
"right angle",
"right angle"
],
[
"wall",
"wall#Noun"
],
[
"forming",
"form#Verb"
],
[
"part",
"part#Noun"
],
[
"cabinet",
"cabinet"
],
[
"desk",
"desk#Noun"
],
[
"used",
"use#Verb"
],
[
"display",
"display#Verb"
],
[
"store",
"store#Verb"
],
[
"support",
"support#Verb"
],
[
"objects",
"object#Noun"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "raft"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "raff",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رَفّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "raff",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "رف"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "raff",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "رَفّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "darak",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "դարակ"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "rəf"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "kəştə",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "кәштә"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "apal"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "palíca",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "палі́ца"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "tak",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "তাক"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "estajerenn"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pólica",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "по́лица"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "etažérka",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "етаже́рка"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "raft",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рафт"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "cang",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "စင်"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prestatge"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estant"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lleixa"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "estante"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ce",
"lang": "Chechen",
"roman": "terxi",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "терхи"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"alt": "gaa³⁻²",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "架"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "架仔"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiàzi",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "架子"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "police"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hylde"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "schap"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rek"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plank"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "legplank"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "breto"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "riiul"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hill"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "fj",
"lang": "Fijian",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "vata"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "hylly"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rayon"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "étagère"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"Switzerland",
"masculine"
],
"word": "tablard"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "scansìe"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "paramio"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "paraño"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "parañoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "andel"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "alzadeira"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cunqueiro"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vaseira"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prateleira"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estante"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "taro",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "თარო"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Regal"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ráfi",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ράφι"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "abharāī",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "અભરાઈ"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "madáf",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "מַדָּף"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "taxtā",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "तख़्ता"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "polc"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "stelázsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hilla"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "rak"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "inh",
"lang": "Ingush",
"roman": "tarxe",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "тархе"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "seilf"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "scaffale"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mensola"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ripiano"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "palchetto"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"alt": "たな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tana",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "棚"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "xal",
"lang": "Kalmyk",
"roman": "tag",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "таг"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "söre",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "сөре"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "tnəə",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "ធ្នើរ"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "koi",
"lang": "Komi-Permyak",
"roman": "džadž",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "джадж"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seonban",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "선반"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "polka",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "полка"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "tekce",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "текче"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "hing",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "ຫິ້ງ"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "san",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "ຊັ້ນ"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plaukts"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "lij",
"lang": "Ligurian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rician"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ln",
"lang": "Lingala",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4"
],
"word": "motáláká"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lentyna"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "polica",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "полица"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "mg",
"lang": "Malagasy",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "talantalana"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "rak"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "xkaffa"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skelloo"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "paenga"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "whata"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "stage"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "taviur",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "тавиур"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "nap",
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stìglio"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "nap",
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scanzia"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"Guernsey",
"Jersey",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ais"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"Jersey",
"feminine"
],
"word": "êtagéthe"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "hildu"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "hylle"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hylle"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "desaabaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "raf",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "راف"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "raf",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "رف"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "półka"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "regał"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prateleira"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "estante"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "poliță"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "raft"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pólka",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "по́лка"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sgeilp"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "по̀лица"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ра̏ф"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pòlica"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rȁf"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scaffa"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "polica"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "políca"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "regal"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pólica"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estante"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "balda"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anaquel"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "entrepaño"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9"
],
"word": "rafu"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hylla"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "raf",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "раф"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "aṭukkam",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "அடுக்கம்"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "aṭukku",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "அடுக்கு"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "kiştä",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "киштә"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "ara",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "అర"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "hîng",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "หิ้ง"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "bo",
"english": "bang khri",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "བང་ཁྲི"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "sergen"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "raf"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "tekje"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "udm",
"lang": "Udmurt",
"roman": "džažy",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "ӝажы"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "polýcja",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "поли́ця"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "tāq",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "طاق"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "jaza",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "جازا"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "polka"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "tokcha"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scansìa"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "vi",
"english": "bookshelf",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "giá sách"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "giá"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "wym",
"lang": "Vilamovian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "faht"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "wym",
"lang": "Vilamovian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "faocht"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "axhale"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "axhlete"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "silff"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "silffoedd"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "dolbuur",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "долбуур"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "politse",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "פּאָליצע"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 1 8 13",
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6"
],
"word": "ishalufu"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 10 10 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a shelf of videos",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The capacity of such an object"
],
"id": "en-shelf-en-noun-swkSTosH",
"links": [
[
"capacity",
"capacity"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "7 82 7 4",
"sense": "capacity",
"word": "shelfful"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 82 7 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "schap"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 82 7 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rek"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 82 7 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "étagère"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 82 7 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rayonnage"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 82 7 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "paramio"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 82 7 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "paraño"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 82 7 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "parañoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 82 7 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "andel"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 82 7 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "alzadeira"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 82 7 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cunqueiro"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 82 7 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vaseira"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 82 7 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prateleira"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 82 7 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prateleira"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 82 7 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "estante"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 82 7 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "estantería"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 82 7 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hylla"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 82 7 4",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "håynaedje"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 10 10 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A projecting ledge that resembles such an object."
],
"id": "en-shelf-en-noun-G7KnHKZX",
"links": [
[
"projecting",
"projecting"
],
[
"ledge",
"ledge"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "13 4 77 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "projecting ledge resembling a shelf",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "schap"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 4 77 7",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "projecting ledge resembling a shelf",
"word": "bink"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 4 77 7",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "projecting ledge resembling a shelf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sgeilp"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Computing",
"orig": "en:Computing",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "35 10 10 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012, Bradley Irby, Reengineering .NET",
"text": "This is where the Visual Studio Shelving function can help. A shelf is a place on the server in source control that is separate from the main code line so it will not affect other developers.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Wouter de Kort, DevOps on the Microsoft Stack, page 114",
"text": "A shelveset allows you to store a changeset on the server without adding it to the current codebase and sharing it with team members directly. Each team member has his own “shelf,” where he can store as many shelvesets as he wants.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The part of a repository where shelvesets are stored."
],
"id": "en-shelf-en-noun-59vu3whZ",
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"repository",
"repository"
],
[
"shelveset",
"shelveset"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computing) The part of a repository where shelvesets are stored."
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛlf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛlf"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-shelf.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shelf.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shelf.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shelf.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shelf.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "shelf"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "shelp",
"t": "sandbar in a river"
},
"expansion": "Middle English shelp (“sandbar in a river”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "scylp",
"t": "crag"
},
"expansion": "Old English scylp (“crag”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "",
"3": "schelp-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch schelp-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of obscure origin; evidently identical to Middle English shelp (“sandbar in a river”), but the sound shift is unexpected. Shelp might be from Old English scylp (“crag”) or Middle Dutch schelp-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shelves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "shelfs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "shelves",
"2": "+"
},
"expansion": "shelf (plural shelves or shelfs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 10 10 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "shelfy"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1594, Odet de la Noue, translated by Iosuah Silvester, The Profit of Imprisonment. A Paradox, VVritten in French by Odet de la Noue, Lord of Teligni, Being Prisoner in the Castle of Tournay., London: […] Peter Short, for Edward Blunt",
"text": "The Marchant that returnes from ſome far forrain lands, / Eſcaping dreadfull rocks and dangerous ſhelfs and ſands, / When as he ſees his ſhip her home-hauen enter ſafe, / Will he repine at God, and as offended chafe / For being brought to ſoone home to his natiue ſoile, / Free from all perills ſad that threaten ſaylor’s ſpoile?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A reef, sandbar, or shoal."
],
"id": "en-shelf-en-noun-kN3kkEcf",
"links": [
[
"reef",
"reef#Noun"
],
[
"sandbar",
"sandbar"
],
[
"shoal",
"shoal#Noun"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "shelve"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "šelf",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"word": "շելֆ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šelf",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шелф"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "recife"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pedrido"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "brica"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ariño"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sirte"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baixío"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schelf"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scairbh"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šelfs"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szelf"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šelʹf",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шельф"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "пличина"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "шелф"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pličina"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "šelf"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arrecife"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "banco"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cordón"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bajío"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "bank"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sandbank"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kontinentalsockel"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛlf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛlf"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-shelf.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shelf.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shelf.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shelf.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shelf.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "shelf"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "shelf",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "schelfe"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of schelfe"
],
"id": "en-shelf-enm-noun-feNnbvlV",
"links": [
[
"schelfe",
"schelfe#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "shelf"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Welsh translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɛlf",
"Rhymes:English/ɛlf/1 syllable",
"en:Furniture"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "beehive shelf"
},
{
"word": "commercial off-the-shelf"
},
{
"word": "ice-shelf"
},
{
"word": "off-the-shelf"
},
{
"word": "off the shelf"
},
{
"word": "on the shelf"
},
{
"word": "shelf bra"
},
{
"word": "shelf break"
},
{
"word": "shelf cloud"
},
{
"word": "shelfful"
},
{
"word": "shelf fungus"
},
{
"word": "shelf ice"
},
{
"word": "shelfless"
},
{
"word": "shelf life"
},
{
"word": "shelflike"
},
{
"word": "shelfmark"
},
{
"word": "shelf-screamer"
},
{
"word": "shelf-stable"
},
{
"word": "shelf-talker"
},
{
"word": "shelf-wobbler"
},
{
"word": "shelf-worn"
},
{
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"word": "shelve"
},
{
"word": "shelvy"
},
{
"word": "simian shelf"
},
{
"word": "swing shelf"
},
{
"word": "top-shelf"
},
{
"word": "top shelf"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "šelf",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: šelf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: šelf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "seilf",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Irish: seilf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Irish: seilf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "šȅlf",
"3": "ше̏лф",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian: šȅlf, ше̏лф",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: šȅlf, ше̏лф"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "silff",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: silff",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: silff"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "schelfe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English schelfe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċielfe",
"4": "sċylfe"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċylfe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sċielfe",
"3": "sċilfe",
"t": "shelf, ledge, deck of a ship"
},
"expansion": "sċilfe (“shelf, ledge, deck of a ship”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*skilfijā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skilfijā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skelfō",
"t": "shelf, ledge, cliff"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skelfō (“shelf, ledge, cliff”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kelH-",
"t": "to cut"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to cut”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sculpt"
},
"expansion": "sculpt",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "carve"
},
"expansion": "carve",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shell"
},
"expansion": "shell",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schelf",
"t": "hay loft, haystack"
},
"expansion": "Dutch schelf (“hay loft, haystack”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Schelf",
"t": "haystack"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Schelf (“haystack”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skjalf",
"t": "bench"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse skjalf (“bench”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English schelfe, probably from Old English sċylfe, sċilfe (“shelf, ledge, deck of a ship”), from Proto-West Germanic *skilfijā, from Proto-Germanic *skelfō (“shelf, ledge, cliff”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to cut”), distantly related to sculpt, carve and shell. Cognate with Dutch schelf (“hay loft, haystack”), German Low German Schelf (“haystack”), Old Norse skjalf (“bench”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shelves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "shelves"
},
"expansion": "shelf (plural shelves)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "bookshelf"
},
{
"word": "chimney shelf"
},
{
"word": "continental shelf"
},
{
"word": "ice shelf"
},
{
"word": "parcel shelf"
},
{
"word": "sulfur shelf"
},
{
"word": "sulphur shelf"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "shelve"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "We keep the old newspapers on the bottom shelf of the cupboard, and our photos on the top shelf.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2012 October 31, David M. Halbfinger, New York Times, retrieved 2012-10-31",
"text": "Localities across New Jersey imposed curfews to prevent looting. In Monmouth, Ocean and other counties, people waited for hours for gasoline at the few stations that had electricity. Supermarket shelves were stripped bare.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A flat, rigid structure, fixed at right angles to a wall or forming a part of a cabinet, desk, etc., and used to display, store, or support objects."
],
"links": [
[
"flat",
"flat#Adjective"
],
[
"rigid",
"rigid#Adjective"
],
[
"structure",
"structure#Noun"
],
[
"fixed",
"fix#Verb"
],
[
"right angle",
"right angle"
],
[
"wall",
"wall#Noun"
],
[
"forming",
"form#Verb"
],
[
"part",
"part#Noun"
],
[
"cabinet",
"cabinet"
],
[
"desk",
"desk#Noun"
],
[
"used",
"use#Verb"
],
[
"display",
"display#Verb"
],
[
"store",
"store#Verb"
],
[
"support",
"support#Verb"
],
[
"objects",
"object#Noun"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a shelf of videos",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The capacity of such an object"
],
"links": [
[
"capacity",
"capacity"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A projecting ledge that resembles such an object."
],
"links": [
[
"projecting",
"projecting"
],
[
"ledge",
"ledge"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Computing"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012, Bradley Irby, Reengineering .NET",
"text": "This is where the Visual Studio Shelving function can help. A shelf is a place on the server in source control that is separate from the main code line so it will not affect other developers.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Wouter de Kort, DevOps on the Microsoft Stack, page 114",
"text": "A shelveset allows you to store a changeset on the server without adding it to the current codebase and sharing it with team members directly. Each team member has his own “shelf,” where he can store as many shelvesets as he wants.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The part of a repository where shelvesets are stored."
],
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"repository",
"repository"
],
[
"shelveset",
"shelveset"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computing) The part of a repository where shelvesets are stored."
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛlf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛlf"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-shelf.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shelf.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shelf.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shelf.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shelf.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "capacity",
"word": "shelfful"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "raft"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "raff",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رَفّ"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "raff",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "رف"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "raff",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "رَفّ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "darak",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "դարակ"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "rəf"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "kəştə",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "кәштә"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "apal"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "palíca",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "палі́ца"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "tak",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "তাক"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "estajerenn"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pólica",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "по́лица"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "etažérka",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "етаже́рка"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "raft",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рафт"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "cang",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "စင်"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prestatge"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estant"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lleixa"
},
{
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "estante"
},
{
"code": "ce",
"lang": "Chechen",
"roman": "terxi",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "терхи"
},
{
"alt": "gaa³⁻²",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "架"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "架仔"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiàzi",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "架子"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "police"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hylde"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "schap"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rek"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plank"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "legplank"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "breto"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "riiul"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hill"
},
{
"code": "fj",
"lang": "Fijian",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "vata"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "hylly"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rayon"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "étagère"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"Switzerland",
"masculine"
],
"word": "tablard"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "scansìe"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "paramio"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "paraño"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "parañoa"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "andel"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "alzadeira"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cunqueiro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vaseira"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prateleira"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estante"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "taro",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "თარო"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Regal"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ráfi",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ράφι"
},
{
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "abharāī",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "અભરાઈ"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "madáf",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "מַדָּף"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "taxtā",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "तख़्ता"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "polc"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "stelázsi"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hilla"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "rak"
},
{
"code": "inh",
"lang": "Ingush",
"roman": "tarxe",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "тархе"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "seilf"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "scaffale"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mensola"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ripiano"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "palchetto"
},
{
"alt": "たな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tana",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "棚"
},
{
"code": "xal",
"lang": "Kalmyk",
"roman": "tag",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "таг"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "söre",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "сөре"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "tnəə",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "ធ្នើរ"
},
{
"code": "koi",
"lang": "Komi-Permyak",
"roman": "džadž",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "джадж"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seonban",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "선반"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "polka",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "полка"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "tekce",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "текче"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "hing",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "ຫິ້ງ"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "san",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "ຊັ້ນ"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plaukts"
},
{
"code": "lij",
"lang": "Ligurian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rician"
},
{
"code": "ln",
"lang": "Lingala",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4"
],
"word": "motáláká"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lentyna"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "polica",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "полица"
},
{
"code": "mg",
"lang": "Malagasy",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "talantalana"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "rak"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "xkaffa"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skelloo"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "paenga"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "whata"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "stage"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "taviur",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "тавиур"
},
{
"code": "nap",
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stìglio"
},
{
"code": "nap",
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scanzia"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"Guernsey",
"Jersey",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ais"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"Jersey",
"feminine"
],
"word": "êtagéthe"
},
{
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "hildu"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "hylle"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hylle"
},
{
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "desaabaan"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "raf",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "راف"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "raf",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "رف"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "półka"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "regał"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prateleira"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "estante"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "poliță"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "raft"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pólka",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "по́лка"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sgeilp"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "по̀лица"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ра̏ф"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pòlica"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rȁf"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scaffa"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "polica"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "políca"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "regal"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pólica"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estante"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "balda"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anaquel"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "entrepaño"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9"
],
"word": "rafu"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hylla"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "raf",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "раф"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "aṭukkam",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "அடுக்கம்"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "aṭukku",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "அடுக்கு"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "kiştä",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "киштә"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "ara",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "అర"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "hîng",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "หิ้ง"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"english": "bang khri",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "བང་ཁྲི"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "sergen"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "raf"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "tekje"
},
{
"code": "udm",
"lang": "Udmurt",
"roman": "džažy",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "ӝажы"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "polýcja",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "поли́ця"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "tāq",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "طاق"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "jaza",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "جازا"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "polka"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "tokcha"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scansìa"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"english": "bookshelf",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "giá sách"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "giá"
},
{
"code": "wym",
"lang": "Vilamovian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "faht"
},
{
"code": "wym",
"lang": "Vilamovian",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "faocht"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "axhale"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "axhlete"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "silff"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "silffoedd"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "dolbuur",
"sense": "structure",
"word": "долбуур"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "politse",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "פּאָליצע"
},
{
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "structure",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6"
],
"word": "ishalufu"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "schap"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rek"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "étagère"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rayonnage"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "paramio"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "paraño"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "parañoa"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "andel"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "alzadeira"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cunqueiro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vaseira"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prateleira"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prateleira"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "estante"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "estantería"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hylla"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "capacity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "håynaedje"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "projecting ledge resembling a shelf",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "schap"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "projecting ledge resembling a shelf",
"word": "bink"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "projecting ledge resembling a shelf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sgeilp"
}
],
"word": "shelf"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ɛlf",
"Rhymes:English/ɛlf/1 syllable",
"en:Furniture"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "shelfy"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "shelp",
"t": "sandbar in a river"
},
"expansion": "Middle English shelp (“sandbar in a river”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "scylp",
"t": "crag"
},
"expansion": "Old English scylp (“crag”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "",
"3": "schelp-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch schelp-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of obscure origin; evidently identical to Middle English shelp (“sandbar in a river”), but the sound shift is unexpected. Shelp might be from Old English scylp (“crag”) or Middle Dutch schelp-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shelves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "shelfs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "shelves",
"2": "+"
},
"expansion": "shelf (plural shelves or shelfs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1594, Odet de la Noue, translated by Iosuah Silvester, The Profit of Imprisonment. A Paradox, VVritten in French by Odet de la Noue, Lord of Teligni, Being Prisoner in the Castle of Tournay., London: […] Peter Short, for Edward Blunt",
"text": "The Marchant that returnes from ſome far forrain lands, / Eſcaping dreadfull rocks and dangerous ſhelfs and ſands, / When as he ſees his ſhip her home-hauen enter ſafe, / Will he repine at God, and as offended chafe / For being brought to ſoone home to his natiue ſoile, / Free from all perills ſad that threaten ſaylor’s ſpoile?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A reef, sandbar, or shoal."
],
"links": [
[
"reef",
"reef#Noun"
],
[
"sandbar",
"sandbar"
],
[
"shoal",
"shoal#Noun"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛlf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛlf"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-shelf.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shelf.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shelf.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shelf.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shelf.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "shelve"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "šelf",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"word": "շելֆ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šelf",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шелф"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "recife"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pedrido"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "brica"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ariño"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sirte"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baixío"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schelf"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scairbh"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šelfs"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szelf"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šelʹf",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шельф"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "пличина"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "шелф"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pličina"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "šelf"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arrecife"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "banco"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cordón"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bajío"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "bank"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sandbank"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "reef, shoal, sandbar",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kontinentalsockel"
}
],
"word": "shelf"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "shelf",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "schelfe"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of schelfe"
],
"links": [
[
"schelfe",
"schelfe#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "shelf"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": kè-á vs. zh-min-nan",
"path": [
"shelf"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "shelf",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.