See serum on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for serum meaning in All languages combined (30.4kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "antiserum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "blood serum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "convalescent serum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "immune serum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "serous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "serum sickness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "truth serum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ser- (flow)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "serum",
"4": "",
"5": "whey"
},
"expansion": "Latin serum (“whey”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "sérum"
},
"expansion": "French sérum",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "suero"
},
"expansion": "Spanish suero",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "siere"
},
"expansion": "Italian siere",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "siero"
},
"expansion": "siero",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "soro"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese soro",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suero"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of suero",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin serum (“whey”). Cognates include French sérum, Spanish suero, Italian siere, siero, Portuguese soro. Doublet of suero.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "serums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sera",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~",
"2": "s",
"3": "sera"
},
"expansion": "serum (countable and uncountable, plural serums or sera)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "some serums",
"word": "antivenom and antidote"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sero-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 31 23 10 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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{
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{
"_dis": "27 23 20 18 11",
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"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
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{
"_dis": "15 26 30 21 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Physiology",
"orig": "en:Physiology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The clear yellowish liquid obtained upon separating whole blood into its solid and liquid components after it has been allowed to clot."
],
"id": "en-serum-en-noun-5Sv62wzz",
"links": [
[
"liquid",
"liquid"
],
[
"blood",
"blood"
],
[
"clot",
"clot"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "blood serum"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "maṣl dam",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَصْل دَم"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "maṣl",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَصْل"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "šičuk",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "շիճուկ"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "syróvatka",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сыро́ватка"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sérum",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "се́рум"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "sèrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xuèqīng, xiěqīng",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "血清"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sérum"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "serum"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "serum"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "serumo"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "seerumi"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "veriseerumi"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "verihera"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sérum"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "soro"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Serum"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "orós",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ὀρός"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Modern Greek",
"roman": "orós",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ορός"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "szérum"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "vérsavó"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "siero"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"alt": "けっせい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kessei",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "血清"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"alt": "血淸",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hyeolcheong",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "혈청"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "serum",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "серум"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "serum"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "dił bitooʼ"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xunâbe",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "خونابه"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "serom",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "سرم"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "surowica"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "soro"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "ser"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sývorotka",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сы́воротка"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "се́рум"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sérum"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sérum"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "serum"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "suero"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "ซีรัม"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "น้ำเหลืองของเลือด"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "serum"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "syróvatka",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сиро́ватка"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 28 17 16 4",
"alt": "血清",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "huyết thanh"
}
]
},
{
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{
"_dis": "27 23 20 18 11",
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{
"_dis": "15 26 30 21 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Physiology",
"orig": "en:Physiology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
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],
"glosses": [
"Blood serum from the tissues of immunized animals, containing antibodies and used to transfer immunity to another individual."
],
"id": "en-serum-en-noun-KmIn-VXw",
"links": [
[
"immunize",
"immunize"
],
[
"antibodies",
"antibody"
],
[
"immunity",
"immunity"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
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{
"_dis": "15 26 30 21 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
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],
"glosses": [
"A watery liquid from animal tissue, especially one that moistens the surface of serous membranes or that is exuded by such membranes when they become inflamed, such as in edema or a blister."
],
"id": "en-serum-en-noun-Pza2E58r",
"links": [
[
"tissue",
"tissue"
],
[
"moisten",
"moisten"
],
[
"serous",
"serous"
],
[
"membrane",
"membrane"
],
[
"exude",
"exude"
],
[
"inflame",
"inflame"
],
[
"edema",
"edema"
],
[
"blister",
"blister"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 16 54 23 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "watery fluid from animal tissue",
"word": "kudosneste"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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{
"_dis": "15 26 30 21 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Physiology",
"orig": "en:Physiology",
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"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"The watery portion of certain animal fluids like blood, milk, etc; whey."
],
"id": "en-serum-en-noun-O67rTmAx",
"links": [
[
"watery",
"watery"
],
[
"whey",
"whey"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 8 19 64 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "surovatka",
"sense": "watery portion of certain animal fluids",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "суроватка"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 8 19 64 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "watery portion of certain animal fluids",
"word": "hera"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 8 19 64 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "watery portion of certain animal fluids",
"word": "savó"
}
]
},
{
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],
"glosses": [
"An intensive moisturising product to be applied after cleansing but before a general moisturiser."
],
"id": "en-serum-en-noun-VMAaiFZR",
"links": [
[
"moisturising",
"moisturising"
],
[
"moisturiser",
"moisturiser"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(skincare) An intensive moisturising product to be applied after cleansing but before a general moisturiser."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɪəɹəm/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsiːɹəm/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɪɹəm/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsiɹəm/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "(UK) -ɪəɹəm"
},
{
"rhymes": "(US) -ɪɹəm"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-serum.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ad/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serum.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serum.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "14 30 27 22 7",
"sense": "medicine prepared from animal fluids",
"word": "antiserum"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "22 22 20 11 25",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "skincare product",
"word": "seerumi"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 22 20 11 25",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "skincare product",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "serum"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 22 20 11 25",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "skincare product",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sérum"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 22 20 11 25",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "skincare product",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sérum"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 22 20 11 25",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "skincare product",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "serum"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"serum"
],
"word": "serum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "serum"
},
"expansion": "Latin serum",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Latin serum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sera",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "sera",
"3": "-",
"pl2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "serum n (plural sera or serums)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"se‧rum"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch nouns with Latin plurals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "antiserum"
},
{
"word": "bloedserum"
}
],
"glosses": [
"blood serum"
],
"id": "en-serum-nl-noun-nDIPA~gt",
"links": [
[
"blood",
"blood"
],
[
"serum",
"serum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈseː.rʏm/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈsɪː.rʏm]"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-serum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3c/Nl-serum.ogg/Nl-serum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Nl-serum.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "serum"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "dzãr",
"3": "dzer"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: dzãr, dzer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: dzãr, dzer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "sèrum"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: sèrum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: sèrum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "serum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: serum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: serum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "sérum"
},
"expansion": "French: sérum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: sérum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "soro"
},
"expansion": "Galician: soro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: soro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Serum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Serum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Serum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "siero"
},
"expansion": "Italian: siero",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: siero"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "soro"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: soro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: soro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "zer"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: zer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: zer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "seru"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: seru",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: seru"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "sero-",
"3": "suero"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: sero-, suero",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: sero-, suero"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*serom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *serom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ser-",
"4": "",
"5": "to flow, run"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to flow, run”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "सर",
"3": "",
"4": "flowing"
},
"expansion": "सर (sara, “flowing”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "सार",
"3": "",
"4": "curd, cream",
"tr": "sā́ra"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit सार (sā́ra, “curd, cream”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "सारण",
"3": "",
"4": "flowing, buttermilk"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit सारण (sāraṇa, “flowing, buttermilk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὁρός",
"3": "",
"4": "whey, curd, semen"
},
"expansion": "ὁρός (horós, “whey, curd, semen”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *serom, from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to flow, run”); see also Sanskrit सर (sara, “flowing”), Sanskrit सार (sā́ra, “curd, cream”), Sanskrit सारण (sāraṇa, “flowing, buttermilk”), and Ancient Greek ὁρός (horós, “whey, curd, semen”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "serī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "serum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sera",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sera",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sera",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "serum<2>"
},
"expansion": "serum n (genitive serī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "serum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "36 62 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Nor let the concern for your dogs be the last, but in the same way\nthe brave Molossan and the whelps of the swift Spartan\nfeed with fat whey.",
"ref": "c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 3.404–406",
"roman": "pāsce serō pinguī.",
"text": "Nec tibi cūra canum fuerit postrēma, sed ūnā\nvēlōcis Spartae catulōs ācremque Molossum"
},
{
"english": "Whey of cows is more beneficial to asthmatics than others when cress is added to it.",
"ref": "c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 28.130",
"text": "Būbulī serum orthopnoicīs prōdest ante cētera additō nāsturtiō."
}
],
"glosses": [
"whey"
],
"id": "en-serum-la-noun-HmvwpR7J",
"links": [
[
"whey",
"whey"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "when you walk out of the house when the eighth hour\nrouses you from soft rest in the long day?\nSomething's sure: perhaps your reputation whispers truthfully\nthat you devour the large protuberance of a man's middle?\nSo is it certain: thus the broken loins of the poor Victor\ncry, and the beard marked with the milked-out semen.",
"ref": "c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, Carmina 80",
"roman": "are whiter than wintery snow,",
"text": "Quid dīcam, Gellī, quārē rosea ista labella\nhībernā fīant candidiōra nive,\nmāne domō cum exīs et cum tē octāva quiēte\nē mollī longō suscitat hōra diē?\nNesciŏquid certest: an vērē fāma susurrat\ngrandia tē mediī tenta vorāre virī?\nSīc certest: clāmant Victōris rupta miselli\nīlia, et ēmulsō barba notāta serō.\nWhat shall I say, Gellius, how these rosy lips"
}
],
"glosses": [
"some other watery liquid"
],
"id": "en-serum-la-noun-1IvHXaOn",
"links": [
[
"watery",
"watery"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) some other watery liquid"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈse.rum/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈs̠ɛrʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈse.rum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈsɛːrum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "serū"
}
],
"word": "serum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "sērum",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "adjective form",
"head": "sērum"
},
"expansion": "sērum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sērus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nominative neuter singular of sērus"
],
"id": "en-serum-la-adj-wM9xVFgZ",
"links": [
[
"sērus",
"serus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "serū"
}
],
"word": "serum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "serum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sá"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person plural past indicative active of sá"
],
"id": "en-serum-non-verb-vibOpLYD",
"links": [
[
"sá",
"sá#Old Norse"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "serum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "serum"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin serum",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin serum.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"indecl": "1"
},
"expansion": "serum n (indeclinable)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"se‧rum"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Bodily fluids",
"orig": "pl:Bodily fluids",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Liquids",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Matter",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Liquids",
"orig": "pl:Liquids",
"parents": [
"Matter",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"serum (yellowish fluid obtained from blood)"
],
"id": "en-serum-pl-noun-zRk7hOCz",
"links": [
[
"serum",
"serum#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) serum (yellowish fluid obtained from blood)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "surowica"
}
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable",
"neuter",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Cosmetics",
"orig": "pl:Cosmetics",
"parents": [
"Fashion",
"Toiletries",
"Clothing",
"Culture",
"Hygiene",
"Human",
"Society",
"Health",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Bodily fluids",
"orig": "pl:Bodily fluids",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Liquids",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Matter",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Liquids",
"orig": "pl:Liquids",
"parents": [
"Matter",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"serum (skincare product)"
],
"id": "en-serum-pl-noun-BJmyDySK",
"links": [
[
"cosmetics",
"cosmetics"
],
[
"serum",
"serum#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cosmetics) serum (skincare product)"
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable",
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"cosmetics",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɛ.rum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrum"
}
],
"word": "serum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "la",
"3": "serum",
"4": "",
"5": "whey"
},
"expansion": "Latin serum (“whey”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin serum (“whey”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sérum",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "се́рум",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "serum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serumi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "seruma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "seruma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serumima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "serumi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "serumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serumima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serumom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serumima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "sérum"
},
"expansion": "sérum m (Cyrillic spelling се́рум)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"se‧rum"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "serum",
"10": "serumi",
"11": "serumu",
"12": "serumima",
"13": "serumom",
"14": "serumima",
"2": "serumi",
"3": "seruma",
"4": "seruma",
"5": "serumu",
"6": "serumima",
"7": "serum",
"8": "serume",
"9": "serume"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"serum"
],
"id": "en-serum-sh-noun-Y8yYWZ8K",
"links": [
[
"serum",
"serum#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sěːrum/"
}
],
"word": "serum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "serums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "serum m (plural serums)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"se‧rum"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"serum"
],
"id": "en-serum-es-noun-Y8yYWZ8K",
"links": [
[
"serum",
"serum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/seˈɾum/"
},
{
"ipa": "[seˈɾũm]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
}
],
"word": "serum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "antiserum"
},
{
"word": "bloedserum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "serum"
},
"expansion": "Latin serum",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Latin serum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sera",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "sera",
"3": "-",
"pl2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "serum n (plural sera or serums)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"se‧rum"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch neuter nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with Latin plurals",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -s",
"Dutch terms derived from Latin",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links"
],
"glosses": [
"blood serum"
],
"links": [
[
"blood",
"blood"
],
[
"serum",
"serum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈseː.rʏm/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈsɪː.rʏm]"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-serum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3c/Nl-serum.ogg/Nl-serum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Nl-serum.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "serum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ser- (flow)",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:English/ɪəɹəm",
"Rhymes:English/ɪəɹəm/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɪɹəm",
"Rhymes:English/ɪɹəm/2 syllables",
"en:Physiology"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "antiserum"
},
{
"word": "blood serum"
},
{
"word": "convalescent serum"
},
{
"word": "immune serum"
},
{
"word": "serous"
},
{
"word": "serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase"
},
{
"word": "serum sickness"
},
{
"word": "truth serum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ser- (flow)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "serum",
"4": "",
"5": "whey"
},
"expansion": "Latin serum (“whey”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "sérum"
},
"expansion": "French sérum",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "suero"
},
"expansion": "Spanish suero",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "siere"
},
"expansion": "Italian siere",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "siero"
},
"expansion": "siero",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "soro"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese soro",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suero"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of suero",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin serum (“whey”). Cognates include French sérum, Spanish suero, Italian siere, siero, Portuguese soro. Doublet of suero.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "serums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sera",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~",
"2": "s",
"3": "sera"
},
"expansion": "serum (countable and uncountable, plural serums or sera)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"english": "some serums",
"word": "antivenom and antidote"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "sero-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The clear yellowish liquid obtained upon separating whole blood into its solid and liquid components after it has been allowed to clot."
],
"links": [
[
"liquid",
"liquid"
],
[
"blood",
"blood"
],
[
"clot",
"clot"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "blood serum"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Blood serum from the tissues of immunized animals, containing antibodies and used to transfer immunity to another individual."
],
"links": [
[
"immunize",
"immunize"
],
[
"antibodies",
"antibody"
],
[
"immunity",
"immunity"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A watery liquid from animal tissue, especially one that moistens the surface of serous membranes or that is exuded by such membranes when they become inflamed, such as in edema or a blister."
],
"links": [
[
"tissue",
"tissue"
],
[
"moisten",
"moisten"
],
[
"serous",
"serous"
],
[
"membrane",
"membrane"
],
[
"exude",
"exude"
],
[
"inflame",
"inflame"
],
[
"edema",
"edema"
],
[
"blister",
"blister"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The watery portion of certain animal fluids like blood, milk, etc; whey."
],
"links": [
[
"watery",
"watery"
],
[
"whey",
"whey"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An intensive moisturising product to be applied after cleansing but before a general moisturiser."
],
"links": [
[
"moisturising",
"moisturising"
],
[
"moisturiser",
"moisturiser"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(skincare) An intensive moisturising product to be applied after cleansing but before a general moisturiser."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɪəɹəm/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsiːɹəm/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɪɹəm/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsiɹəm/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "(UK) -ɪəɹəm"
},
{
"rhymes": "(US) -ɪɹəm"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-serum.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ad/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serum.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serum.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ad/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serum.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serum.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "medicine prepared from animal fluids",
"word": "antiserum"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "maṣl dam",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَصْل دَم"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "maṣl",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَصْل"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "šičuk",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "շիճուկ"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "syróvatka",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сыро́ватка"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sérum",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "се́рум"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "sèrum"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xuèqīng, xiěqīng",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "血清"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sérum"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "serum"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "serum"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "serumo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "seerumi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "veriseerumi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "verihera"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sérum"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "soro"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Serum"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "orós",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ὀρός"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Modern Greek",
"roman": "orós",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ορός"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "szérum"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "vérsavó"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "siero"
},
{
"alt": "けっせい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kessei",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "血清"
},
{
"alt": "血淸",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hyeolcheong",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "혈청"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "serum",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "серум"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "serum"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "dił bitooʼ"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xunâbe",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "خونابه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "serom",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "سرم"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "surowica"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "soro"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "ser"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sývorotka",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сы́воротка"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "се́рум"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sérum"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sérum"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "serum"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "suero"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "ซีรัม"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "น้ำเหลืองของเลือด"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "serum"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "syróvatka",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сиро́ватка"
},
{
"alt": "血清",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "yellowish fluid obtained from blood",
"word": "huyết thanh"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "watery fluid from animal tissue",
"word": "kudosneste"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "surovatka",
"sense": "watery portion of certain animal fluids",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "суроватка"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "watery portion of certain animal fluids",
"word": "hera"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "watery portion of certain animal fluids",
"word": "savó"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "skincare product",
"word": "seerumi"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "skincare product",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "serum"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "skincare product",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sérum"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "skincare product",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sérum"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "skincare product",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "serum"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"serum"
],
"word": "serum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin adjective forms",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "dzãr",
"3": "dzer"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: dzãr, dzer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: dzãr, dzer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "sèrum"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: sèrum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: sèrum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "serum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: serum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: serum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "sérum"
},
"expansion": "French: sérum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: sérum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "soro"
},
"expansion": "Galician: soro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: soro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Serum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Serum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Serum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "siero"
},
"expansion": "Italian: siero",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: siero"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "soro"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: soro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: soro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "zer"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: zer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: zer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "seru"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: seru",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: seru"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "sero-",
"3": "suero"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: sero-, suero",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: sero-, suero"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*serom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *serom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ser-",
"4": "",
"5": "to flow, run"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to flow, run”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "सर",
"3": "",
"4": "flowing"
},
"expansion": "सर (sara, “flowing”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "सार",
"3": "",
"4": "curd, cream",
"tr": "sā́ra"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit सार (sā́ra, “curd, cream”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "सारण",
"3": "",
"4": "flowing, buttermilk"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit सारण (sāraṇa, “flowing, buttermilk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὁρός",
"3": "",
"4": "whey, curd, semen"
},
"expansion": "ὁρός (horós, “whey, curd, semen”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *serom, from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to flow, run”); see also Sanskrit सर (sara, “flowing”), Sanskrit सार (sā́ra, “curd, cream”), Sanskrit सारण (sāraṇa, “flowing, buttermilk”), and Ancient Greek ὁρός (horós, “whey, curd, semen”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "serī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "serum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sera",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sera",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sera",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "serum<2>"
},
"expansion": "serum n (genitive serī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "serum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Nor let the concern for your dogs be the last, but in the same way\nthe brave Molossan and the whelps of the swift Spartan\nfeed with fat whey.",
"ref": "c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 3.404–406",
"roman": "pāsce serō pinguī.",
"text": "Nec tibi cūra canum fuerit postrēma, sed ūnā\nvēlōcis Spartae catulōs ācremque Molossum"
},
{
"english": "Whey of cows is more beneficial to asthmatics than others when cress is added to it.",
"ref": "c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 28.130",
"text": "Būbulī serum orthopnoicīs prōdest ante cētera additō nāsturtiō."
}
],
"glosses": [
"whey"
],
"links": [
[
"whey",
"whey"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "when you walk out of the house when the eighth hour\nrouses you from soft rest in the long day?\nSomething's sure: perhaps your reputation whispers truthfully\nthat you devour the large protuberance of a man's middle?\nSo is it certain: thus the broken loins of the poor Victor\ncry, and the beard marked with the milked-out semen.",
"ref": "c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, Carmina 80",
"roman": "are whiter than wintery snow,",
"text": "Quid dīcam, Gellī, quārē rosea ista labella\nhībernā fīant candidiōra nive,\nmāne domō cum exīs et cum tē octāva quiēte\nē mollī longō suscitat hōra diē?\nNesciŏquid certest: an vērē fāma susurrat\ngrandia tē mediī tenta vorāre virī?\nSīc certest: clāmant Victōris rupta miselli\nīlia, et ēmulsō barba notāta serō.\nWhat shall I say, Gellius, how these rosy lips"
}
],
"glosses": [
"some other watery liquid"
],
"links": [
[
"watery",
"watery"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) some other watery liquid"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈse.rum/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈs̠ɛrʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈse.rum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈsɛːrum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "serū"
}
],
"word": "serum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin adjective forms",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "sērum",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "adjective form",
"head": "sērum"
},
"expansion": "sērum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sērus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nominative neuter singular of sērus"
],
"links": [
[
"sērus",
"serus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "serū"
}
],
"word": "serum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "serum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse non-lemma forms",
"Old Norse verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sá"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person plural past indicative active of sá"
],
"links": [
[
"sá",
"sá#Old Norse"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "serum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish indeclinable nouns",
"Polish learned borrowings from Latin",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish neuter nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛrum",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛrum/2 syllables",
"pl:Bodily fluids",
"pl:Liquids"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "serum"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin serum",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin serum.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"indecl": "1"
},
"expansion": "serum n (indeclinable)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"se‧rum"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"serum (yellowish fluid obtained from blood)"
],
"links": [
[
"serum",
"serum#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) serum (yellowish fluid obtained from blood)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "surowica"
}
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable",
"neuter",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Cosmetics"
],
"glosses": [
"serum (skincare product)"
],
"links": [
[
"cosmetics",
"cosmetics"
],
[
"serum",
"serum#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cosmetics) serum (skincare product)"
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable",
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"cosmetics",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɛ.rum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrum"
}
],
"word": "serum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "la",
"3": "serum",
"4": "",
"5": "whey"
},
"expansion": "Latin serum (“whey”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin serum (“whey”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sérum",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "се́рум",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "serum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serumi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "seruma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "seruma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serumima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "serumi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "serumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serumima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serumom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serumima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "sérum"
},
"expansion": "sérum m (Cyrillic spelling се́рум)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"se‧rum"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "serum",
"10": "serumi",
"11": "serumu",
"12": "serumima",
"13": "serumom",
"14": "serumima",
"2": "serumi",
"3": "seruma",
"4": "seruma",
"5": "serumu",
"6": "serumima",
"7": "serum",
"8": "serume",
"9": "serume"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Latin",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"serum"
],
"links": [
[
"serum",
"serum#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sěːrum/"
}
],
"word": "serum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "serums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "serum m (plural serums)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"se‧rum"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Rhymes:Spanish/um",
"Rhymes:Spanish/um/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine nouns",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"serum"
],
"links": [
[
"serum",
"serum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/seˈɾum/"
},
{
"ipa": "[seˈɾũm]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
}
],
"word": "serum"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: skincare",
"path": [
"serum"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "serum",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: skincare",
"path": [
"serum"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "serum",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.