See ruh on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ruh meaning in All languages combined (45.9kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ruhi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"sense": "ruhlanmaq",
"word": "ruhlandırmaq"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "ar",
"3": "رُوح",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Arabic رُوح (rūḥ)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "ar",
"3": "رُوح"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Arabic رُوح (rūḥ)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Arabic رُوح (rūḥ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruhu",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "az-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "az-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhumuz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarımız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunuz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarımı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhumuzu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarımızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunuzu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarınızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarıma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhumuza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarımıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunuza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarınıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhumda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarımda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhumuzda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarımızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunuzda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarınızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhumdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarımdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhundan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhundan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhumuzdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarımızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunuzdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarınızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhundan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhumun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarımın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhumuzun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarımızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunuzun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarınızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ruh (definite accusative ruhu, plural ruhlar)",
"name": "az-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "u",
"2": "c"
},
"name": "az-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "əhli-ruh"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Azerbaijani entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spirit"
],
"id": "en-ruh-az-noun-pomZrdMl",
"links": [
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Azerbaijani entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A healthy mind in a healthy body.",
"text": "Sağlam bədəndə sağlam ruh olar.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mind"
],
"id": "en-ruh-az-noun-HEj2MQ8c",
"links": [
[
"mind",
"mind"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Azerbaijani entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ghost"
],
"id": "en-ruh-az-noun-6tbvA9Ye",
"links": [
[
"ghost",
"ghost"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ruh/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9292 (aze)-Azerbaijani audiorecordings-ruh.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Azerbaijani_audiorecordings-ruh.wav/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Azerbaijani_audiorecordings-ruh.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Azerbaijani_audiorecordings-ruh.wav/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Azerbaijani_audiorecordings-ruh.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "ruh"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ruhlandırmaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ruhlandıruv"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ruhlanmaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ruhlanuv"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "ar",
"3": "رُوح"
},
"expansion": "Arabic رُوح (rūḥ)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Arabic رُوح (rūḥ)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "crh-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhnıñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarnıñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhqa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarğa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhnı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarnı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhtan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ruh",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "u",
"2": "q"
},
"name": "crh-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"lang_code": "crh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"soul"
],
"id": "en-ruh-crh-noun-rg-szPCj",
"links": [
[
"soul",
"soul"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "crh",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "crh:Chess",
"parents": [
"Board games",
"Tabletop games",
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Crimean Tatar entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rook"
],
"id": "en-ruh-crh-noun-LCt2CAut",
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"rook",
"rook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) rook"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tura"
},
{
"word": "qale"
}
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
}
],
"word": "ruh"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruhku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhmu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhnya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ruh (first-person possessive ruhku, second-person possessive ruhmu, third-person possessive ruhnya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"roh"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "spirit, soul, life",
"word": "roh"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of roh (“spirit, soul, life”)"
],
"id": "en-ruh-id-noun-satgtqZh",
"links": [
[
"roh",
"roh#Indonesian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nonstandard) Alternative spelling of roh (“spirit, soul, life”)"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"nonstandard"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈrʊh]"
}
],
"word": "ruh"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lus",
"2": "tbq-kuk-pro",
"3": "*ruʔ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Kuki-Chin *ruʔ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lus",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*rus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rus",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ruʔ, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lus",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ruh",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mizo",
"lang_code": "lus",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bone"
],
"id": "en-ruh-lus-noun-yNrPZX~p",
"links": [
[
"bone",
"bone"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ruh"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lus",
"2": "tbq-kuk-pro",
"3": "*ruʔ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Kuki-Chin *ruʔ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lus",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*rus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rus",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ruʔ, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lus",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "ruh",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mizo",
"lang_code": "lus",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hard"
],
"id": "en-ruh-lus-adj-7VRluSIN",
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 96 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mizo entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"boney"
],
"id": "en-ruh-lus-adj-ZAj8kOIi",
"links": [
[
"boney",
"boney"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ruh"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "roughe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: roughe, rugh\nEnglish: rough\nScots: roch\nYola: rugh",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: roughe, rugh\nEnglish: rough\nScots: roch\nYola: rugh"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rūhwaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rūhwaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ruch",
"3": "rūch"
},
"expansion": "German rūch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "ruuch"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch ruuch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "ru"
},
"expansion": "ru",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "rou"
},
"expansion": "rou",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ruig"
},
"expansion": "Dutch ruig",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ruw"
},
"expansion": "ruw",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rouw"
},
"expansion": "rouw",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "rūh"
},
"expansion": "Old High German rūh",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "rau"
},
"expansion": "German rau",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *rūhwaz. Cognate with Middle Low German rūch, Middle Dutch ruuch, ru, rou (Dutch ruig, ruw, rouw), Old High German rūh (German rau).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rūh",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūges",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūges",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rūga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rūh"
},
"expansion": "rūh",
"name": "ang-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rūh",
"stem": "rūg"
},
"name": "ang-adecl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rūh",
"stem": "rūw"
},
"name": "ang-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "my brother is hairy and I am smooth. (Genesis)",
"text": "Min broðer ys ruh and ic eom smeðe",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rough, hairy"
],
"id": "en-ruh-ang-adj-hrzMv-v6",
"links": [
[
"rough",
"rough"
],
[
"hairy",
"hairy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ruːx/"
}
],
"word": "ruh"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "rūch"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: rūch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: rūch"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "rau",
"alt": "rau(h)"
},
"expansion": "German: rau(h)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: rau(h)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "רוי"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: רוי (roy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: רוי (roy)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rūhwaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rūhwaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "rūh"
},
"expansion": "rūh",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *rūhwaz, whence also Old English rūh.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rūh",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "adjective",
"head": "rūh",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "rūh",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "rūh"
},
"expansion": "rūh",
"name": "goh-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rough"
],
"id": "en-ruh-goh-adj--BHrXFbu",
"links": [
[
"rough",
"rough"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ruh"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "روح",
"tr": "ruh"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish روح (ruh)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ar",
"3": "رُوح",
"t": "soul"
},
"expansion": "Arabic رُوح (rūḥ, “soul”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ر و ح"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish روح (ruh), from Arabic رُوح (rūḥ, “soul”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruhu",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ervah",
"tags": [
"dated",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-infl-noun-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhtan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "ruhu",
"5": "plural",
"6": "ruhlar",
"7": "or",
"8": "ervah",
"f3qual": "dated"
},
"expansion": "ruh (definite accusative ruhu, plural ruhlar or (dated) ervah)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "u"
},
"name": "tr-infl-noun-c"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "hâletiruhiye"
}
],
"glosses": [
"soul, spirit"
],
"id": "en-ruh-tr-noun-5Ew6FagL",
"links": [
[
"soul",
"soul"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tin"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɾuh/"
},
{
"audio": "Tr tr ruh.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/12/Tr_tr_ruh.ogg/Tr_tr_ruh.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/Tr_tr_ruh.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "ruh"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "ar",
"3": "رُوح",
"t": "soul"
},
"expansion": "Arabic رُوح (rūḥ, “soul”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ر و ح"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Arabic رُوح (rūḥ, “soul”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruhlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "uz-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "uz-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhing",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaring",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlari",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhining",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarining",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhiga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlariga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhida",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarida",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhidan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaridan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimiz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimiz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimizning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimizning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimizga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimizga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimizni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimizni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimizda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimizda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimizdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimizdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingiz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringiz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingizning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringizning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingizga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringizga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingizni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringizni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingizda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringizda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingizdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringizdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "ruhlar",
"head": "",
"sc": ""
},
"expansion": "ruh (plural ruhlar)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ruh (plural ruhlar)",
"name": "uz-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "uz-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uz-noun",
"st": "",
"type": ""
},
"name": "uz-inflection"
}
],
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Uzbek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ghost, soul, spirit"
],
"id": "en-ruh-uz-noun-5NYig0Ub",
"links": [
[
"ghost",
"ghost"
],
[
"soul",
"soul"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ruh"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "ar",
"3": "رُوح",
"t": "soul"
},
"expansion": "Arabic رُوح (rūḥ, “soul”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Arabic رُوح (rūḥ, “soul”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{pl}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1sc": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "ruh",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "ruh",
"name": "zza-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ruh"
],
"lang": "Zazaki",
"lang_code": "zza",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zazaki entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"soul, spirit"
],
"id": "en-ruh-zza-noun-5Ew6FagL",
"links": [
[
"soul",
"soul"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "roh"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɾuː/"
}
],
"word": "ruh"
}
{
"categories": [
"Azerbaijani entries with incorrect language header",
"Azerbaijani lemmas",
"Azerbaijani nouns",
"Azerbaijani terms borrowed from Arabic",
"Azerbaijani terms derived from Arabic",
"Azerbaijani terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Azerbaijani terms with audio links"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ruhi"
},
{
"sense": "ruhlanmaq",
"word": "ruhlandırmaq"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "ar",
"3": "رُوح",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Arabic رُوح (rūḥ)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "ar",
"3": "رُوح"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Arabic رُوح (rūḥ)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Arabic رُوح (rūḥ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruhu",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "az-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "az-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhumuz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarımız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunuz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarımı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhumuzu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarımızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunuzu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarınızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarıma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhumuza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarımıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunuza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarınıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhumda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarımda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhumuzda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarımızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunuzda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarınızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhumdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarımdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhundan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhundan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhumuzdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarımızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunuzdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarınızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhundan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhumun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarımın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhumuzun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarımızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunuzun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarınızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhunun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ruh (definite accusative ruhu, plural ruhlar)",
"name": "az-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "u",
"2": "c"
},
"name": "az-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "əhli-ruh"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"spirit"
],
"links": [
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Azerbaijani terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A healthy mind in a healthy body.",
"text": "Sağlam bədəndə sağlam ruh olar.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mind"
],
"links": [
[
"mind",
"mind"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ghost"
],
"links": [
[
"ghost",
"ghost"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ruh/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9292 (aze)-Azerbaijani audiorecordings-ruh.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Azerbaijani_audiorecordings-ruh.wav/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Azerbaijani_audiorecordings-ruh.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Azerbaijani_audiorecordings-ruh.wav/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Azerbaijani_audiorecordings-ruh.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "ruh"
}
{
"categories": [
"Crimean Tatar entries with incorrect language header",
"Crimean Tatar lemmas",
"Crimean Tatar nouns",
"Crimean Tatar terms derived from Arabic"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ruhlandırmaq"
},
{
"word": "ruhlandıruv"
},
{
"word": "ruhlanmaq"
},
{
"word": "ruhlanuv"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "ar",
"3": "رُوح"
},
"expansion": "Arabic رُوح (rūḥ)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Arabic رُوح (rūḥ)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "crh-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhnıñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarnıñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhqa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarğa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhnı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarnı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhtan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ruh",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "u",
"2": "q"
},
"name": "crh-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"lang_code": "crh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"soul"
],
"links": [
[
"soul",
"soul"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"crh:Chess"
],
"glosses": [
"rook"
],
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"rook",
"rook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) rook"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tura"
},
{
"word": "qale"
}
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
}
],
"word": "ruh"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruhku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhmu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhnya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ruh (first-person possessive ruhku, second-person possessive ruhmu, third-person possessive ruhnya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"roh"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "spirit, soul, life",
"word": "roh"
}
],
"categories": [
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nonstandard terms",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"Requests for plural forms in Indonesian entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of roh (“spirit, soul, life”)"
],
"links": [
[
"roh",
"roh#Indonesian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nonstandard) Alternative spelling of roh (“spirit, soul, life”)"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"nonstandard"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈrʊh]"
}
],
"word": "ruh"
}
{
"categories": [
"Mizo adjectives",
"Mizo entries with incorrect language header",
"Mizo lemmas",
"Mizo nouns",
"Mizo terms derived from Proto-Kuki-Chin",
"Mizo terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Mizo terms inherited from Proto-Kuki-Chin",
"Mizo terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lus",
"2": "tbq-kuk-pro",
"3": "*ruʔ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Kuki-Chin *ruʔ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lus",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*rus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rus",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ruʔ, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lus",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ruh",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mizo",
"lang_code": "lus",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bone"
],
"links": [
[
"bone",
"bone"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ruh"
}
{
"categories": [
"Mizo adjectives",
"Mizo entries with incorrect language header",
"Mizo lemmas",
"Mizo nouns",
"Mizo terms derived from Proto-Kuki-Chin",
"Mizo terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Mizo terms inherited from Proto-Kuki-Chin",
"Mizo terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lus",
"2": "tbq-kuk-pro",
"3": "*ruʔ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Kuki-Chin *ruʔ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lus",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*rus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rus",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ruʔ, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lus",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "ruh",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mizo",
"lang_code": "lus",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hard"
],
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"boney"
],
"links": [
[
"boney",
"boney"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ruh"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "roughe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: roughe, rugh\nEnglish: rough\nScots: roch\nYola: rugh",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: roughe, rugh\nEnglish: rough\nScots: roch\nYola: rugh"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rūhwaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rūhwaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ruch",
"3": "rūch"
},
"expansion": "German rūch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "ruuch"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch ruuch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "ru"
},
"expansion": "ru",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "rou"
},
"expansion": "rou",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ruig"
},
"expansion": "Dutch ruig",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ruw"
},
"expansion": "ruw",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rouw"
},
"expansion": "rouw",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "rūh"
},
"expansion": "Old High German rūh",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "rau"
},
"expansion": "German rau",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *rūhwaz. Cognate with Middle Low German rūch, Middle Dutch ruuch, ru, rou (Dutch ruig, ruw, rouw), Old High German rūh (German rau).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rūh",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūges",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūges",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rūga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūgum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūwum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rūh"
},
"expansion": "rūh",
"name": "ang-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rūh",
"stem": "rūg"
},
"name": "ang-adecl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rūh",
"stem": "rūw"
},
"name": "ang-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English adjectives",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "my brother is hairy and I am smooth. (Genesis)",
"text": "Min broðer ys ruh and ic eom smeðe",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rough, hairy"
],
"links": [
[
"rough",
"rough"
],
[
"hairy",
"hairy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ruːx/"
}
],
"word": "ruh"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "rūch"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: rūch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: rūch"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "rau",
"alt": "rau(h)"
},
"expansion": "German: rau(h)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: rau(h)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "רוי"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: רוי (roy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: רוי (roy)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rūhwaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rūhwaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "rūh"
},
"expansion": "rūh",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *rūhwaz, whence also Old English rūh.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rūh",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "adjective",
"head": "rūh",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "rūh",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "rūh"
},
"expansion": "rūh",
"name": "goh-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old High German adjectives",
"Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"Old High German lemmas",
"Old High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"glosses": [
"rough"
],
"links": [
[
"rough",
"rough"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ruh"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "hâletiruhiye"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "روح",
"tr": "ruh"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish روح (ruh)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ar",
"3": "رُوح",
"t": "soul"
},
"expansion": "Arabic رُوح (rūḥ, “soul”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ر و ح"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish روح (ruh), from Arabic رُوح (rūḥ, “soul”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruhu",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ervah",
"tags": [
"dated",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-infl-noun-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhtan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "ruhu",
"5": "plural",
"6": "ruhlar",
"7": "or",
"8": "ervah",
"f3qual": "dated"
},
"expansion": "ruh (definite accusative ruhu, plural ruhlar or (dated) ervah)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "u"
},
"name": "tr-infl-noun-c"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish lemmas",
"Turkish nouns",
"Turkish terms derived from Arabic",
"Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms derived from the Arabic root ر و ح",
"Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Turkish terms with audio links"
],
"glosses": [
"soul, spirit"
],
"links": [
[
"soul",
"soul"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tin"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɾuh/"
},
{
"audio": "Tr tr ruh.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/12/Tr_tr_ruh.ogg/Tr_tr_ruh.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/Tr_tr_ruh.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "ruh"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "ar",
"3": "رُوح",
"t": "soul"
},
"expansion": "Arabic رُوح (rūḥ, “soul”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ر و ح"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Arabic رُوح (rūḥ, “soul”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruhlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "uz-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "uz-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhing",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaring",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlari",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhining",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarining",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhiga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlariga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhida",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarida",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhidan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaridan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimiz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimiz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimizning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimizning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimizga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimizga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimizni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimizni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimizda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimizda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhimizdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlarimizdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingiz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringiz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingizning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringizning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingizga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringizga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingizni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringizni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingizda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringizda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhingizdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruhlaringizdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "ruhlar",
"head": "",
"sc": ""
},
"expansion": "ruh (plural ruhlar)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ruh (plural ruhlar)",
"name": "uz-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "uz-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uz-noun",
"st": "",
"type": ""
},
"name": "uz-inflection"
}
],
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Uzbek entries with incorrect language header",
"Uzbek lemmas",
"Uzbek nouns",
"Uzbek terms derived from Arabic",
"Uzbek terms derived from the Arabic root ر و ح"
],
"glosses": [
"ghost, soul, spirit"
],
"links": [
[
"ghost",
"ghost"
],
[
"soul",
"soul"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ruh"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "ar",
"3": "رُوح",
"t": "soul"
},
"expansion": "Arabic رُوح (rūḥ, “soul”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Arabic رُوح (rūḥ, “soul”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{pl}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1sc": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "ruh",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "ruh",
"name": "zza-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ruh"
],
"lang": "Zazaki",
"lang_code": "zza",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Zazaki entries with incorrect language header",
"Zazaki lemmas",
"Zazaki nouns",
"Zazaki terms derived from Arabic",
"Zazaki terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"soul, spirit"
],
"links": [
[
"soul",
"soul"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɾuː/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "roh"
}
],
"word": "ruh"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.