See pup on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bull-pup"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "buy a pup"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cute as a speckled pup"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "in pup"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mucky pup"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Pluto pup"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pretty as a speckled pup"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pupper"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pupperino"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pup play"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "puppy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "puppy dog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "since Hector was a pup"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "since Skippy was a pup"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "puppy"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of puppy",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of puppy.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pups",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pup (plural pups)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The dog has had that bed since he was just a pup.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A young dog, wolf, fox, seal, bat or shark, or the young of certain other animals."
],
"id": "en-pup-en-noun-v8xBW8r0",
"links": [
[
"young",
"young"
],
[
"dog",
"dog"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"fox",
"fox"
],
[
"seal",
"seal"
],
[
"bat",
"bat"
],
[
"shark",
"shark"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"raw_tags": [
"for dogs"
],
"roman": "jarw",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"especially",
"masculine"
],
"word": "جَرْو"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"note": "for a wolf",
"roman": "ḡalw",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "غَلْو"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"note": "for a fox",
"roman": "hijris",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "هِجْرِس"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "cachorru"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "kuttar bacca",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "কুত্তার বাচ্চা"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kúčence",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ку́ченце"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "kutsikas"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "penikas"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "koerapoeg"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "kutsa"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "pentu"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chiot"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cadelo"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "canciño"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "leḳvi",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "ლეკვი"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Welpe"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "pillā",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "पिल्ला"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cucciolo"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "koun chkae",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "កូនឆ្កែ"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "valp"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "nb",
"english": "seal",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "selunge"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kvalp"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kvelp"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "selunge"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "filhote"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "katūrā",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ਕਤੂਰਾ"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cățel"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cățeluș"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ščenók",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "щено́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 15 20 0 0 0 0 20 0",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kukkapilla",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "కుక్కపిల్ల"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The new teacher is a mere pup.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A young, inexperienced person."
],
"id": "en-pup-en-noun-TFPpgVHm",
"links": [
[
"inexperienced",
"inexperienced"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 0 0 0 5 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mladók",
"sense": "young, inexperienced person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "младо́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 0 0 0 5 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "young, inexperienced person",
"word": "kutsikas"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 0 0 0 5 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "young, inexperienced person",
"word": "noor"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 0 0 0 5 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "young, inexperienced person",
"word": "junga"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 0 0 0 5 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "young, inexperienced person",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "novice"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 0 0 0 5 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ščenók",
"sense": "young, inexperienced person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "щено́к"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 1 12 4 3 4 12 24 12 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "My pup likes to run as fast as he can, yet cannot always stop in time!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any cute dog, regardless of age."
],
"id": "en-pup-en-noun-SQMSu1MS",
"links": [
[
"cute",
"cute"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "12 0 79 1 1 0 0 6 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kúčence",
"sense": "cute dog",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ку́ченце"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 0 79 1 1 0 0 6 1",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "cute dog",
"word": "kutsu"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 0 79 1 1 0 0 6 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "cute dog",
"word": "kutyus"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 0 79 1 1 0 0 6 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "cute dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cățeluș"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A short semi-trailer used jointly with a dolly and another semi-trailer to create a twin trailer."
],
"id": "en-pup-en-noun-gdJlhcOK",
"links": [
[
"semi-trailer",
"semi-trailer"
],
[
"dolly",
"dolly"
],
[
"trailer",
"trailer"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Horticulture",
"orig": "en:Horticulture",
"parents": [
"Agriculture",
"Botany",
"Applied sciences",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
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"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A new plant growing from a shoot that can be used for propagation."
],
"id": "en-pup-en-noun-oLgnPJxA",
"links": [
[
"horticulture",
"horticulture"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(horticulture) A new plant growing from a shoot that can be used for propagation."
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"horticulture",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
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"kind": "topical",
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"orig": "en:Television",
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"Technology",
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"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1976, A. Arthur Englander, Paul Petzold, Filming for Television, page 191:",
"text": "For a scene like the Highgate exhumation night sequence suitable equipment would consist of: two brutes on Molevators, three 10 K lights also on Molevators and, for good measure, two 5 Ks, four 2 Ks, two pups (1000 W), two North lights […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2003, Christopher Neame, Rungs on a Ladder: Hammer Films Seen Through a Soft Gauze, page 23:",
"text": "Spots were also used for the foreground, usually the smaller type like a “pup,” which could be repositioned quickly for different setups.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A kind of small spotlight."
],
"id": "en-pup-en-noun-5CQ5updu",
"links": [
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"film#Noun"
],
[
"television",
"television"
],
[
"spotlight",
"spotlight"
]
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"raw_glosses": [
"(film, television) A kind of small spotlight."
],
"topics": [
"broadcasting",
"film",
"media",
"television"
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},
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"text": "Coordinate term: bulldog edition"
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],
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"publication"
]
],
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"(chiefly US, newspapers, publishing) An early edition of a periodical publication, intended for distribution to distant locations."
],
"tags": [
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"ref": "2017 April 23, “Success Failure”, in Silicon Valley, season 4, episode 1, spoken by Russ Hanneman (Chris Diamantopoulos):",
"text": "It could be any dude, as long as you really want to fuck him. It could be a... a twink, a bear, an otter, a circuit queen, a chub, a pup, a gipster, a daddy chaser, a leatherman, a ladyboy, a Donald Duck. Donald Duck's a gay guy who's been kicked out of the Navy.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019 February 5, Mike Miksche, “Teaching Young Dogs Old Tricks”, in Slate, New York, N.Y.: The Slate Group, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-06-22:",
"text": "Mentorship, I learned from the Fog City pups, plays a huge role in their family business, where the pack hierarchy comes into play.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019 April 29, Christie Blatchford, “Christie Blatchford: What ’puppy play’ enthusiasts do behind closed doors shouldn’t be for our reading pleasure”, in National Post, Toronto, Ont.: Postmedia Network Canada Corp., →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-06-23:",
"text": "(Pups are apparently different from \"furries,\" who dress up in animal suits. And they are both different from \"bunnies,\" which the author didn't explain and which I have neither heart nor stomach to Google.)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Someone who participates in pup play (the sexual practice of role-playing as a young dog)."
],
"id": "en-pup-en-noun-WqioSJVI",
"links": [
[
"sex",
"sex"
],
[
"pup play",
"pup play#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sex, slang) Someone who participates in pup play (the sexual practice of role-playing as a young dog)."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"sex",
"sexuality"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Alaska English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 12 4 3 4 12 24 12 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1913, Alfred Hulse Brooks, Mineral Resources of Alaska, page 289:",
"text": "[...] stream gravels of Bear Pup are auriferous for a distance of at least 2 miles above its mouth.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1917, Hunter-trader-trapper, volume 34, page 15:",
"text": "At last we reached the head of Young creek, and following a \"pup\" stream we worked out way over a third divide and down into the great Chitina valley.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1987, Andreas H. Vassiliou, Donald M. Hausen, David J. T. Carson, Process Mineralogy VII: Applications to Mineral ..., page 225:",
"text": "[…] the Iditarod district . None appear in the Dictionary of Alaska Place Names (27) and presumably are local pups or streams whose terminology is not currently used.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013, R. Dale Guthrie, Frozen Fauna of the Mammoth Steppe: The Story of Blue Babe:",
"text": "[…] covered, not by the main stream many meters to the east, but by silt moving downslope from the west. […] It is common [to find] bones at the juncture of such side feeder systems, or \"pups,\" as they are called locally. I have found that extant wild sheep (Ovis dalli) bones occur in similar pup streams in areas that today serve as winter ranges for sheep. […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small tributary or feeder stream in the US state of Alaska."
],
"id": "en-pup-en-noun-l4XALHSd",
"links": [
[
"tributary",
"tributary"
],
[
"feeder",
"feeder"
],
[
"stream",
"stream"
],
[
"US",
"US"
],
[
"Alaska",
"Alaska"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly Alaska",
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Alaska) A small tributary or feeder stream in the US state of Alaska."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʌp/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-pup.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/57/En-us-pup.ogg/En-us-pup.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/En-us-pup.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌp"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pup"
],
"word": "pup"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "puppy"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of puppy",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of puppy.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pups",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pupping",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "pupped",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "pupped",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pup (third-person singular simple present pups, present participle pupping, simple past and past participle pupped)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 1 12 4 3 4 12 24 12 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give birth to pups."
],
"id": "en-pup-en-verb-3uQlU7uP",
"links": [
[
"give birth",
"give birth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To give birth to pups."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "puppy"
},
{
"word": "pup tent"
},
{
"word": "sell someone a pup"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "okúčvam",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "оку́чвам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "okúča",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "оку́ча"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "poegima"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "pudenema"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "ilmale tooma"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "sünnitama"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "werfen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "jungen"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "szczenić"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "făta"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ščenitʹsja",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "щениться"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʌp/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-pup.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/57/En-us-pup.ogg/En-us-pup.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/En-us-pup.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌp"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pup"
],
"word": "pup"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "amn",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "pup",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Amanab",
"lang_code": "amn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Amanab entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"broom"
],
"id": "en-pup-amn-noun-EAoH0eQ2",
"links": [
[
"broom",
"broom"
]
]
}
],
"word": "pup"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "pupi",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "equivalent pupã",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "pupi",
"5": "feminine equivalent",
"6": "pupã",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "pup m (plural pupi, feminine equivalent pupã)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Aromanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pupul"
}
],
"glosses": [
"baby, infant"
],
"id": "en-pup-rup-noun-trRcUFrc",
"links": [
[
"baby",
"baby"
],
[
"infant",
"infant"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "pup"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "pup f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pup"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pupa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of pupa"
],
"id": "en-pup-pl-noun-YNxMvKsd",
"links": [
[
"pupa",
"pupa#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpup/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-up"
}
],
"word": "pup"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "Regressively derived from the verb pupa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pupi",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pup",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pupii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pup",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pupilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pupule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pupilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "pupi"
},
"expansion": "pup m (plural pupi)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"gpd": "pupilor",
"gpi": "pupi",
"gsd": "pupului",
"gsi": "pup",
"n": "",
"npd": "pupii",
"npi": "pupi",
"nsd": "pupul",
"nsi": "pup",
"vp": "pupilor",
"vs": "pupule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 13 32 13 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Regional Romanian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pupic"
}
],
"glosses": [
"kiss"
],
"id": "en-pup-ro-noun-idGdY5Qa",
"links": [
[
"childish",
"childish"
],
[
"kiss",
"kiss"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, familiar, childish) kiss"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sărut"
}
],
"tags": [
"childish",
"familiar",
"informal",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "pup"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "pupë",
"3": "",
"4": "bud"
},
"expansion": "Albanian pupë (“bud”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pǫpъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pǫpъ",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "pup",
"3": "",
"4": "bud"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian pup (“bud”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain; possibly an expressive formation (variant of pop; cf. also coc), or a substratum term (compare Albanian pupë (“bud”)), or less likely linked to (Vulgar) Latin puppa (“teat, nipple”). More likely ultimately from Proto-Slavic *pǫpъ (compare Serbo-Croatian pup (“bud”)) or Hungarian pup, although this would only explain one of the senses.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pupi",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pup",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pupii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pup",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pupilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pupule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pupilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "pupi"
},
"expansion": "pup m (plural pupi)",
"name": "ro-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "regional",
"3": "uncommon"
},
"expansion": "(regional, uncommon)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"gpd": "pupilor",
"gpi": "pupi",
"gsd": "pupului",
"gsi": "pup",
"n": "",
"npd": "pupii",
"npi": "pupi",
"nsd": "pupul",
"nsi": "pup",
"vp": "pupilor",
"vs": "pupule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 13 32 13 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Regional Romanian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bud"
],
"id": "en-pup-ro-noun-6zVIVq3j",
"links": [
[
"bud",
"bud"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mugur"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"regional",
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 13 32 13 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Regional Romanian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 54 6 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"something rounded or mound-like; hump, hunch; mound"
],
"id": "en-pup-ro-noun-2XClbygI",
"links": [
[
"hump",
"hump"
],
[
"hunch",
"hunch"
],
[
"mound",
"mound"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gheb"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"regional",
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 13 32 13 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Regional Romanian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"morel (mushroom)"
],
"id": "en-pup-ro-noun-KeBPA10G",
"links": [
[
"morel",
"morel"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zbârciog"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"regional",
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 13 32 13 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Regional Romanian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"freckle; mole; birthmark"
],
"id": "en-pup-ro-noun-dK6YgmU3",
"links": [
[
"freckle",
"freckle"
],
[
"mole",
"mole"
],
[
"birthmark",
"birthmark"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pistrui"
},
{
"word": "aluniță"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"regional",
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"word": "pup"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pǫpъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pǫpъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pǫpъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pǫpъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пуп"
},
"expansion": "Russian пуп (pup)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "pęp"
},
"expansion": "Polish pęp",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pǫpъ (Russian пуп (pup), Polish pęp).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pȕp",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "пу̏п",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pȕp",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pùpovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pupa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupova",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pupu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pup",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupove",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pupe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pupovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pupu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pupom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "pȕp"
},
"expansion": "pȕp m (Cyrillic spelling пу̏п)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pȕp",
"10": "pupovi",
"11": "pupu",
"12": "pupovima",
"13": "pupom",
"14": "pupovima",
"2": "pùpovi",
"3": "pupa",
"4": "pupova",
"5": "pupu",
"6": "pupovima",
"7": "pup",
"8": "pupove",
"9": "pupe"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bud, burgeon"
],
"id": "en-pup-sh-noun-dcWWTBH5",
"links": [
[
"bud",
"bud"
],
[
"burgeon",
"burgeon"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pûp/"
}
],
"word": "pup"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "pup",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Volapük",
"lang_code": "vo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Volapük entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"doll, puppet"
],
"id": "en-pup-vo-noun-uxrjDHm2",
"links": [
[
"doll",
"doll"
],
[
"puppet",
"puppet"
]
]
}
],
"word": "pup"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "amn",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "pup",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Amanab",
"lang_code": "amn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Amanab entries with incorrect language header",
"Amanab lemmas",
"Amanab nouns",
"Amanab palindromes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"broom"
],
"links": [
[
"broom",
"broom"
]
]
}
],
"word": "pup"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "pupul"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "pupi",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "equivalent pupã",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "pupi",
"5": "feminine equivalent",
"6": "pupã",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "pup m (plural pupi, feminine equivalent pupã)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Aromanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Aromanian lemmas",
"Aromanian masculine nouns",
"Aromanian nouns",
"Aromanian palindromes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"baby, infant"
],
"links": [
[
"baby",
"baby"
],
[
"infant",
"infant"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "pup"
}
{
"categories": [
"English clippings",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English palindromes",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌp",
"Rhymes:English/ʌp/1 syllable",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Punjabi translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"en:Baby animals"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bull-pup"
},
{
"word": "buy a pup"
},
{
"word": "cute as a speckled pup"
},
{
"word": "in pup"
},
{
"word": "mucky pup"
},
{
"word": "Pluto pup"
},
{
"word": "pretty as a speckled pup"
},
{
"word": "pupper"
},
{
"word": "pupperino"
},
{
"word": "pup play"
},
{
"word": "puppy"
},
{
"word": "puppy dog"
},
{
"word": "since Hector was a pup"
},
{
"word": "since Skippy was a pup"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "puppy"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of puppy",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of puppy.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pups",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pup (plural pups)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The dog has had that bed since he was just a pup.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A young dog, wolf, fox, seal, bat or shark, or the young of certain other animals."
],
"links": [
[
"young",
"young"
],
[
"dog",
"dog"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"fox",
"fox"
],
[
"seal",
"seal"
],
[
"bat",
"bat"
],
[
"shark",
"shark"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The new teacher is a mere pup.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A young, inexperienced person."
],
"links": [
[
"inexperienced",
"inexperienced"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "My pup likes to run as fast as he can, yet cannot always stop in time!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any cute dog, regardless of age."
],
"links": [
[
"cute",
"cute"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A short semi-trailer used jointly with a dolly and another semi-trailer to create a twin trailer."
],
"links": [
[
"semi-trailer",
"semi-trailer"
],
[
"dolly",
"dolly"
],
[
"trailer",
"trailer"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Horticulture"
],
"glosses": [
"A new plant growing from a shoot that can be used for propagation."
],
"links": [
[
"horticulture",
"horticulture"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(horticulture) A new plant growing from a shoot that can be used for propagation."
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"horticulture",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Film",
"en:Television"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1976, A. Arthur Englander, Paul Petzold, Filming for Television, page 191:",
"text": "For a scene like the Highgate exhumation night sequence suitable equipment would consist of: two brutes on Molevators, three 10 K lights also on Molevators and, for good measure, two 5 Ks, four 2 Ks, two pups (1000 W), two North lights […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2003, Christopher Neame, Rungs on a Ladder: Hammer Films Seen Through a Soft Gauze, page 23:",
"text": "Spots were also used for the foreground, usually the smaller type like a “pup,” which could be repositioned quickly for different setups.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A kind of small spotlight."
],
"links": [
[
"film",
"film#Noun"
],
[
"television",
"television"
],
[
"spotlight",
"spotlight"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(film, television) A kind of small spotlight."
],
"topics": [
"broadcasting",
"film",
"media",
"television"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"en:Newspapers",
"en:Publishing"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: bulldog edition"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An early edition of a periodical publication, intended for distribution to distant locations."
],
"links": [
[
"newspaper",
"newspaper"
],
[
"publishing",
"publishing#Noun"
],
[
"periodical",
"periodical"
],
[
"publication",
"publication"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly US, newspapers, publishing) An early edition of a periodical publication, intended for distribution to distant locations."
],
"tags": [
"US"
],
"topics": [
"journalism",
"media",
"newspapers",
"publishing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Sex"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017 April 23, “Success Failure”, in Silicon Valley, season 4, episode 1, spoken by Russ Hanneman (Chris Diamantopoulos):",
"text": "It could be any dude, as long as you really want to fuck him. It could be a... a twink, a bear, an otter, a circuit queen, a chub, a pup, a gipster, a daddy chaser, a leatherman, a ladyboy, a Donald Duck. Donald Duck's a gay guy who's been kicked out of the Navy.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019 February 5, Mike Miksche, “Teaching Young Dogs Old Tricks”, in Slate, New York, N.Y.: The Slate Group, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-06-22:",
"text": "Mentorship, I learned from the Fog City pups, plays a huge role in their family business, where the pack hierarchy comes into play.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019 April 29, Christie Blatchford, “Christie Blatchford: What ’puppy play’ enthusiasts do behind closed doors shouldn’t be for our reading pleasure”, in National Post, Toronto, Ont.: Postmedia Network Canada Corp., →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-06-23:",
"text": "(Pups are apparently different from \"furries,\" who dress up in animal suits. And they are both different from \"bunnies,\" which the author didn't explain and which I have neither heart nor stomach to Google.)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Someone who participates in pup play (the sexual practice of role-playing as a young dog)."
],
"links": [
[
"sex",
"sex"
],
[
"pup play",
"pup play#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sex, slang) Someone who participates in pup play (the sexual practice of role-playing as a young dog)."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"sex",
"sexuality"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Alaska English",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1913, Alfred Hulse Brooks, Mineral Resources of Alaska, page 289:",
"text": "[...] stream gravels of Bear Pup are auriferous for a distance of at least 2 miles above its mouth.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1917, Hunter-trader-trapper, volume 34, page 15:",
"text": "At last we reached the head of Young creek, and following a \"pup\" stream we worked out way over a third divide and down into the great Chitina valley.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1987, Andreas H. Vassiliou, Donald M. Hausen, David J. T. Carson, Process Mineralogy VII: Applications to Mineral ..., page 225:",
"text": "[…] the Iditarod district . None appear in the Dictionary of Alaska Place Names (27) and presumably are local pups or streams whose terminology is not currently used.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013, R. Dale Guthrie, Frozen Fauna of the Mammoth Steppe: The Story of Blue Babe:",
"text": "[…] covered, not by the main stream many meters to the east, but by silt moving downslope from the west. […] It is common [to find] bones at the juncture of such side feeder systems, or \"pups,\" as they are called locally. I have found that extant wild sheep (Ovis dalli) bones occur in similar pup streams in areas that today serve as winter ranges for sheep. […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small tributary or feeder stream in the US state of Alaska."
],
"links": [
[
"tributary",
"tributary"
],
[
"feeder",
"feeder"
],
[
"stream",
"stream"
],
[
"US",
"US"
],
[
"Alaska",
"Alaska"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly Alaska",
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Alaska) A small tributary or feeder stream in the US state of Alaska."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʌp/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-pup.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/57/En-us-pup.ogg/En-us-pup.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/En-us-pup.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌp"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"raw_tags": [
"for dogs"
],
"roman": "jarw",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"especially",
"masculine"
],
"word": "جَرْو"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"note": "for a wolf",
"roman": "ḡalw",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "غَلْو"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"note": "for a fox",
"roman": "hijris",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "هِجْرِس"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "cachorru"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "kuttar bacca",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "কুত্তার বাচ্চা"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kúčence",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ку́ченце"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "kutsikas"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "penikas"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "koerapoeg"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "kutsa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "pentu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chiot"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cadelo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "canciño"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "leḳvi",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "ლეკვი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Welpe"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "pillā",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "पिल्ला"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cucciolo"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "koun chkae",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "កូនឆ្កែ"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "valp"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"english": "seal",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "selunge"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kvalp"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kvelp"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "selunge"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "filhote"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "katūrā",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ਕਤੂਰਾ"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cățel"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cățeluș"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ščenók",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "щено́к"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kukkapilla",
"sense": "young dog, etc.",
"word": "కుక్కపిల్ల"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mladók",
"sense": "young, inexperienced person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "младо́к"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "young, inexperienced person",
"word": "kutsikas"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "young, inexperienced person",
"word": "noor"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "young, inexperienced person",
"word": "junga"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "young, inexperienced person",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "novice"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ščenók",
"sense": "young, inexperienced person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "щено́к"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kúčence",
"sense": "cute dog",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ку́ченце"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "cute dog",
"word": "kutsu"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "cute dog",
"word": "kutyus"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "cute dog",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cățeluș"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pup"
],
"word": "pup"
}
{
"categories": [
"English clippings",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English palindromes",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌp",
"Rhymes:English/ʌp/1 syllable",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Punjabi translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"en:Baby animals"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "puppy"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of puppy",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of puppy.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pups",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pupping",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "pupped",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "pupped",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pup (third-person singular simple present pups, present participle pupping, simple past and past participle pupped)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "puppy"
},
{
"word": "pup tent"
},
{
"word": "sell someone a pup"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To give birth to pups."
],
"links": [
[
"give birth",
"give birth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To give birth to pups."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʌp/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-pup.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/57/En-us-pup.ogg/En-us-pup.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/En-us-pup.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌp"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "okúčvam",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "оку́чвам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "okúča",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "оку́ча"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "poegima"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "pudenema"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "ilmale tooma"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "sünnitama"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "werfen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "jungen"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "szczenić"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "făta"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ščenitʹsja",
"sense": "to give birth to pups",
"word": "щениться"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pup"
],
"word": "pup"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "pup f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pup"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish palindromes",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/up",
"Rhymes:Polish/up/1 syllable"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pupa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of pupa"
],
"links": [
[
"pupa",
"pupa#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpup/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-up"
}
],
"word": "pup"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Regional Romanian",
"Romanian countable nouns",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian masculine nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian palindromes",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Romanian terms with unknown etymologies",
"Romanian uncommon terms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pupic"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "Regressively derived from the verb pupa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pupi",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pup",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pupii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pup",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pupilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pupule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pupilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "pupi"
},
"expansion": "pup m (plural pupi)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"gpd": "pupilor",
"gpi": "pupi",
"gsd": "pupului",
"gsi": "pup",
"n": "",
"npd": "pupii",
"npi": "pupi",
"nsd": "pupul",
"nsi": "pup",
"vp": "pupilor",
"vs": "pupule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Romanian childish terms",
"Romanian familiar terms",
"Romanian informal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"kiss"
],
"links": [
[
"childish",
"childish"
],
[
"kiss",
"kiss"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, familiar, childish) kiss"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sărut"
}
],
"tags": [
"childish",
"familiar",
"informal",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "pup"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Regional Romanian",
"Romanian countable nouns",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian masculine nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian palindromes",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Romanian terms with unknown etymologies",
"Romanian uncommon terms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "pupë",
"3": "",
"4": "bud"
},
"expansion": "Albanian pupë (“bud”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pǫpъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pǫpъ",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "pup",
"3": "",
"4": "bud"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian pup (“bud”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain; possibly an expressive formation (variant of pop; cf. also coc), or a substratum term (compare Albanian pupë (“bud”)), or less likely linked to (Vulgar) Latin puppa (“teat, nipple”). More likely ultimately from Proto-Slavic *pǫpъ (compare Serbo-Croatian pup (“bud”)) or Hungarian pup, although this would only explain one of the senses.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pupi",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pup",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pupii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pup",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pupilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pupule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pupilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "pupi"
},
"expansion": "pup m (plural pupi)",
"name": "ro-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "regional",
"3": "uncommon"
},
"expansion": "(regional, uncommon)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"gpd": "pupilor",
"gpi": "pupi",
"gsd": "pupului",
"gsi": "pup",
"n": "",
"npd": "pupii",
"npi": "pupi",
"nsd": "pupul",
"nsi": "pup",
"vp": "pupilor",
"vs": "pupule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bud"
],
"links": [
[
"bud",
"bud"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mugur"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"regional",
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"something rounded or mound-like; hump, hunch; mound"
],
"links": [
[
"hump",
"hump"
],
[
"hunch",
"hunch"
],
[
"mound",
"mound"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gheb"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"regional",
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"morel (mushroom)"
],
"links": [
[
"morel",
"morel"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zbârciog"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"regional",
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"freckle; mole; birthmark"
],
"links": [
[
"freckle",
"freckle"
],
[
"mole",
"mole"
],
[
"birthmark",
"birthmark"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pistrui"
},
{
"word": "aluniță"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"regional",
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"word": "pup"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pǫpъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pǫpъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pǫpъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pǫpъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пуп"
},
"expansion": "Russian пуп (pup)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "pęp"
},
"expansion": "Polish pęp",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pǫpъ (Russian пуп (pup), Polish pęp).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pȕp",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "пу̏п",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pȕp",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pùpovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pupa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupova",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pupu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pup",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupove",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pupe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pupovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pupu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pupom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pupovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "pȕp"
},
"expansion": "pȕp m (Cyrillic spelling пу̏п)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pȕp",
"10": "pupovi",
"11": "pupu",
"12": "pupovima",
"13": "pupom",
"14": "pupovima",
"2": "pùpovi",
"3": "pupa",
"4": "pupova",
"5": "pupu",
"6": "pupovima",
"7": "pup",
"8": "pupove",
"9": "pupe"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian palindromes",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic"
],
"glosses": [
"bud, burgeon"
],
"links": [
[
"bud",
"bud"
],
[
"burgeon",
"burgeon"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pûp/"
}
],
"word": "pup"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "pup",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Volapük",
"lang_code": "vo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Volapük entries with incorrect language header",
"Volapük lemmas",
"Volapük nouns",
"Volapük palindromes"
],
"glosses": [
"doll, puppet"
],
"links": [
[
"doll",
"doll"
],
[
"puppet",
"puppet"
]
]
}
],
"word": "pup"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pup meaning in All languages combined (27.4kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive-dative'",
"path": [
"pup"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "pup",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive-dative'",
"path": [
"pup"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "pup",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.