See prune on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for prune meaning in All languages combined (39.7kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "prune"
},
"expansion": "Middle English prune",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "prune"
},
"expansion": "Old French prune",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*prūna"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *prūna",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "prūnum"
},
"expansion": "Latin prūnum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "προῦνον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek προῦνον (proûnon)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "προῦμνον",
"3": "",
"4": "plum"
},
"expansion": "προῦμνον (proûmnon, “plum”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "plum"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of plum",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English prune, from Old French prune, from Vulgar Latin *prūna, feminine singular formed from the neutral plural of Latin prūnum, from Ancient Greek προῦνον (proûnon), variant of προῦμνον (proûmnon, “plum”), a loanword from a language of Asia Minor. Doublet of plum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "prunes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "prune (plural prunes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A plum."
],
"id": "en-prune-en-noun-gRFcxjMS",
"links": [
[
"plum",
"plum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A plum."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The dried, wrinkled fruit of certain species of plum."
],
"id": "en-prune-en-noun-KOkjlivI",
"links": [
[
"plum",
"plum"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1970, Dana Densmore, “Without You And Within You”, in No More Fun & Games, volume 4, page 55",
"text": "We are not free when we are in the grip of the false conditioning that decrees that we need sex. We are not free if we believe the culture's ominous warnings that we will become \"horny\" (what a callous, offensive word) and frustrated and neurotic and finally shrivel up into prunes and have to abandon hope of being good, creative, effective people.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something wrinkly like a prune."
],
"id": "en-prune-en-noun-Wfaun~L6",
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) Something wrinkly like a prune."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"An old woman, especially a wrinkly one."
],
"id": "en-prune-en-noun-uQ~c5m4W",
"links": [
[
"old woman",
"old woman"
],
[
"wrinkly",
"wrinkly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) An old woman, especially a wrinkly one."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɹuːn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹun/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹʉːn/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹɪu̯n/",
"note": "Wales, Ottawa Valley"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːn"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-prune.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/65/En-au-prune.ogg/En-au-prune.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/En-au-prune.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "proin"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"prune"
],
"word": "prune"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "prune"
},
"expansion": "Middle English prune",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "prune"
},
"expansion": "Old French prune",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*prūna"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *prūna",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "prūnum"
},
"expansion": "Latin prūnum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "προῦνον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek προῦνον (proûnon)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "προῦμνον",
"3": "",
"4": "plum"
},
"expansion": "προῦμνον (proûmnon, “plum”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "plum"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of plum",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English prune, from Old French prune, from Vulgar Latin *prūna, feminine singular formed from the neutral plural of Latin prūnum, from Ancient Greek προῦνον (proûnon), variant of προῦμνον (proûmnon, “plum”), a loanword from a language of Asia Minor. Doublet of plum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "prunes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pruning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "pruned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "pruned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "prune (third-person singular simple present prunes, present participle pruning, simple past and past participle pruned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 3 0 1 32 10 2 20 30 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 4 1 1 41 15 3 13 20 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 6 1 2 27 14 5 17 24 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 7 1 2 19 19 4 17 22 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Prunus genus plants",
"orig": "en:Prunus genus plants",
"parents": [
"Rose family plants",
"Stone fruits",
"Rosales order plants",
"Fruits",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Plants",
"Foods",
"Lifeforms",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental",
"Nature",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"taxonomic": "Prunus domestica subsp. domestica",
"word": "German prune"
},
{
"word": "mirabelle prune"
},
{
"word": "prune belly syndrome"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Prunus domestica subsp. domestica",
"word": "prune plum"
},
{
"word": "prune tree"
},
{
"word": "pruney"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Pappea capensis",
"word": "South African prune"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2005, Alycia Ripley, Traveling with an Eggplant, page 111",
"text": "I hardly left that spot in my pool that month even when my fingers pruned and chlorine dried out my skin.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To become wrinkled like a dried plum, as the fingers and toes do when kept submerged in water."
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "fruit"
}
],
"id": "en-prune-en-verb-20ENGC5p",
"links": [
[
"wrinkle",
"wrinkle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, informal) To become wrinkled like a dried plum, as the fingers and toes do when kept submerged in water."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "old woman"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔajāṣ",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "أَجَاص"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕawīna",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "عَوِينَة"
},
{
"alt": "ʕawīna(t) mujaffafa",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "عَوِينَة مُجَفَّفَة"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵawḵ mujaffaf",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "خَوْخ مُجَفَّف"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "saloračʻir",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "սալորաչիր"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sušena sliva",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "сушена слива"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pruna seca"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "李子乾"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǐzigān",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "李子干"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "西梅乾"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xīméigān",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "西梅干"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "乾梅子"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gānméizi",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "干梅子"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "梅乾"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mēigān",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "梅干"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sušená švestka"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sveske"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "kuivattu luumu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pruneau"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ameixa secada"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Backpflaume"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Trockenpflaume"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Dörrpflaume"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "aszalt szilva"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sveskja"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prúna"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prugna secca"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "purūn",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "プルーン"
},
{
"alt": "せいようすもも",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "seiyō sumomo",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "西洋李"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "mallin jadu",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "말린 자두"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "suva sliva",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сува слива"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "paramu menge"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "purunu"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "prune"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "chʼil naʼatłʼoʼiitsoh"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sviske"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sviske"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suszona śliwka"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ameixa seca"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prună uscată"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "černoslív",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "черносли́в"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prùn"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "searg"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "сува шљива"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "suva šljiva"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sušená slivka"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suha sliva"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ciruela pasa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "katrinplommon"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sviskon"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "kuru erik"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čornóslyv",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чорно́слив"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "caetche"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pronne"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "purnea"
},
{
"code": "esu",
"lang": "Yup'ik",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "isuumaq"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "old woman",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "besje"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "old woman",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "maracujá de gaveta"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "old woman",
"word": "muşmula"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "old woman",
"word": "muşmula suratlı"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "caetche"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɹuːn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹun/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹʉːn/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹɪu̯n/",
"note": "Wales, Ottawa Valley"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːn"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-prune.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/65/En-au-prune.ogg/En-au-prune.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/En-au-prune.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "proin"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"prune"
],
"word": "prune"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pruning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "alpha-beta pruning en"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "prunen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English prunen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "prounen"
},
"expansion": "prounen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "proinen"
},
"expansion": "proinen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "proignier",
"4": "",
"5": "to trim the feathers with the beak"
},
"expansion": "Old French proignier (“to trim the feathers with the beak”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "prooignier"
},
"expansion": "prooignier",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pro-"
},
"expansion": "Latin pro-",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rotundus",
"3": "",
"4": "round"
},
"expansion": "rotundus (“round”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English prunen, prounen, proinen, from Old French proignier (“to trim the feathers with the beak”), earlier prooignier, ultimately from Latin pro- (\"front\") + rotundus (“round”) 'to round-off the front'.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "prunes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pruning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "pruned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "pruned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "prune (third-person singular simple present prunes, present participle pruning, simple past and past participle pruned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Horticulture",
"orig": "en:Horticulture",
"parents": [
"Agriculture",
"Botany",
"Applied sciences",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 3 0 1 32 10 2 20 30 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 6 1 2 27 14 5 17 24 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 7 1 2 19 19 4 17 22 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Prunus genus plants",
"orig": "en:Prunus genus plants",
"parents": [
"Rose family plants",
"Stone fruits",
"Rosales order plants",
"Fruits",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Plants",
"Foods",
"Lifeforms",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental",
"Nature",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "A good grape grower will prune the vines once a year.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To remove excess material from a tree or shrub; to trim, especially to make more healthy or productive."
],
"id": "en-prune-en-verb-z9HY29ry",
"links": [
[
"horticulture",
"horticulture"
],
[
"tree",
"tree"
],
[
"shrub",
"shrub"
],
[
"trim",
"trim"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, horticulture) To remove excess material from a tree or shrub; to trim, especially to make more healthy or productive."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"horticulture",
"lifestyle"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šaḏaba",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "شَذَبَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "qaḍaba",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "قَضَبَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "qalama",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "قَلَمَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "haḏḏaba",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "هَذَّبَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "naqaḥa",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "نَقَحَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "dol",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "ডল"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "qırpmaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "adaburutu"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kastrja",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "кастря"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podrjazvam",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "подрязвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "podar"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "esporgar"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "prořezat"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "prostříhat"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "dlm",
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "potuor"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "snoeien"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "karsia"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "oksia"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "vesoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "élaguer"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "émonder"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "tailler"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "cerpî"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "podar"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "espolar"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "cepar"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "roa-gal",
"lang": "Gallo",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "émonder"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "de",
"english": "stutzen (also",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "zurecht-, zurück-)"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "de",
"english": "schneiden (also",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "be-, zurück-)"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kladévo",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "κλαδεύω"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "zamár",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "זָמַר"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "meang"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "sciot"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "potare"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "ridurre"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "sfoltire"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "pampinō"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"word": "êmonder"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "kviste"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "beskjære"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "podar"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "haras kardan",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "هرس کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xašâve kardan",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "خشاوه کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "podar"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "ch'aphranay"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "curăță"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "emonda"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "tagliar giu"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "tschancunar"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "proreživatʹ",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "прореживать"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "pudai"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "pudare"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "putare"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "bàrr"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "beàrr"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "sgud"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "sgath"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "meidh"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "teasg"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "podar"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "sarper"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "pampinar"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "ansa"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "beskära"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "tukta"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "trimma"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 11 10 11 4",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "tocio"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to prune a budget, or an essay",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cut down or shorten (by the removal of unnecessary material)."
],
"id": "en-prune-en-verb-oR9e2gfm",
"links": [
[
"cut down",
"cut down"
],
[
"shorten",
"shorten"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, figuratively) To cut down or shorten (by the removal of unnecessary material)."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 72 17 2 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎkraštavam",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "съкращавам"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 72 17 2 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "inkorten"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 72 17 2 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "snoeien"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 72 17 2 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "karsia"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 72 17 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "kürzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 72 17 2 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "qinnév",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "קִנֵּב"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 72 17 2 2",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "rekortar"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 72 17 2 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "accorciare"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 72 17 2 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "ridurre"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 72 17 2 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kástri",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "ка́стри"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 72 17 2 2",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "beskjære"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 72 17 2 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "podar"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 72 17 2 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "podar"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 72 17 2 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "skära ner"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 3 0 1 32 10 2 20 30 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 6 1 2 27 14 5 17 24 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 7 1 2 17 15 13 22 12 4",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fruits",
"orig": "en:Fruits",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Plants",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Lifeforms",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 7 1 2 19 19 4 17 22 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Prunus genus plants",
"orig": "en:Prunus genus plants",
"parents": [
"Rose family plants",
"Stone fruits",
"Rosales order plants",
"Fruits",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Plants",
"Foods",
"Lifeforms",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental",
"Nature",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1990, Wayne Jancik, The Billboard Book of One-Hit Wonders, page 229",
"text": "When internal dissension and a decline in popularity set in, Johnny was pruned from the Crests.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To remove (something unnecessary) for the sake of cutting down or shortening that which it was previously part of."
],
"id": "en-prune-en-verb-aIGYxOWN",
"links": [
[
"cutting down",
"cut down"
],
[
"shorten",
"shorten"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To remove (something unnecessary) for the sake of cutting down or shortening that which it was previously part of."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Computer science",
"orig": "en:Computer science",
"parents": [
"Computing",
"Sciences",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 3 0 1 32 10 2 20 30 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 6 1 2 27 14 5 17 24 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 7 1 2 19 19 4 17 22 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Prunus genus plants",
"orig": "en:Prunus genus plants",
"parents": [
"Rose family plants",
"Stone fruits",
"Rosales order plants",
"Fruits",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Plants",
"Foods",
"Lifeforms",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental",
"Nature",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To remove unnecessary branches from a tree data structure."
],
"id": "en-prune-en-verb-N1zw~Ixn",
"links": [
[
"computer science",
"computer science"
],
[
"branch",
"branch"
],
[
"tree",
"tree"
],
[
"data structure",
"data structure"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, computer science) To remove unnecessary branches from a tree data structure."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"computer",
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"science",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To preen; to prepare; to dress."
],
"id": "en-prune-en-verb-1zgmDF6k",
"links": [
[
"preen",
"preen"
],
[
"prepare",
"prepare"
],
[
"dress",
"dress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To preen; to prepare; to dress."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɹuːn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹun/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹʉːn/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹɪu̯n/",
"note": "Wales, Ottawa Valley"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːn"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-prune.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/65/En-au-prune.ogg/En-au-prune.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/En-au-prune.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
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],
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{
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{
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{
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],
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],
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"pathology",
"sciences"
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}
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}
],
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{
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],
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"tags": [
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},
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],
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]
},
{
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],
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"old woman"
],
[
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],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
"tags": [
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}
],
"sounds": [
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"ipa": "/pɹuːn/",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹun/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹʉːn/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
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},
{
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/En-au-prune.ogg",
"tags": [
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],
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}
],
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"tags": [
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],
"word": "proin"
}
],
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],
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],
"derived": [
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"word": "German prune"
},
{
"word": "mirabelle prune"
},
{
"word": "prune belly syndrome"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Prunus domestica subsp. domestica",
"word": "prune plum"
},
{
"word": "prune tree"
},
{
"word": "pruney"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Pappea capensis",
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}
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "plum"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of plum",
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}
],
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"forms": [
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"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pruning",
"tags": [
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"present"
]
},
{
"form": "pruned",
"tags": [
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"past"
]
},
{
"form": "pruned",
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"past"
]
}
],
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}
],
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"word": "fruit"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
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{
"categories": [
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"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2005, Alycia Ripley, Traveling with an Eggplant, page 111",
"text": "I hardly left that spot in my pool that month even when my fingers pruned and chlorine dried out my skin.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To become wrinkled like a dried plum, as the fingers and toes do when kept submerged in water."
],
"links": [
[
"wrinkle",
"wrinkle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, informal) To become wrinkled like a dried plum, as the fingers and toes do when kept submerged in water."
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɹuːn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹun/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹʉːn/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹɪu̯n/",
"note": "Wales, Ottawa Valley"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːn"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-prune.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/65/En-au-prune.ogg/En-au-prune.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/En-au-prune.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "old woman"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "proin"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔajāṣ",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "أَجَاص"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕawīna",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "عَوِينَة"
},
{
"alt": "ʕawīna(t) mujaffafa",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "عَوِينَة مُجَفَّفَة"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵawḵ mujaffaf",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "خَوْخ مُجَفَّف"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "saloračʻir",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "սալորաչիր"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sušena sliva",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "сушена слива"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pruna seca"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "李子乾"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǐzigān",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "李子干"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "西梅乾"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xīméigān",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "西梅干"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "乾梅子"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gānméizi",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "干梅子"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "梅乾"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mēigān",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "梅干"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sušená švestka"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sveske"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "kuivattu luumu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pruneau"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ameixa secada"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Backpflaume"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Trockenpflaume"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Dörrpflaume"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "aszalt szilva"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sveskja"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prúna"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prugna secca"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "purūn",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "プルーン"
},
{
"alt": "せいようすもも",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "seiyō sumomo",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "西洋李"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "mallin jadu",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "말린 자두"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "suva sliva",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сува слива"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "paramu menge"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "purunu"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "prune"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "chʼil naʼatłʼoʼiitsoh"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sviske"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sviske"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suszona śliwka"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ameixa seca"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prună uscată"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "černoslív",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "черносли́в"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prùn"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "searg"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "сува шљива"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "suva šljiva"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sušená slivka"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suha sliva"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ciruela pasa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "katrinplommon"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sviskon"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "kuru erik"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čornóslyv",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чорно́слив"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "caetche"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pronne"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "dried plum",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "purnea"
},
{
"code": "esu",
"lang": "Yup'ik",
"sense": "dried plum",
"word": "isuumaq"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "old woman",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "besje"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "old woman",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "maracujá de gaveta"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "old woman",
"word": "muşmula"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "old woman",
"word": "muşmula suratlı"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "old woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "caetche"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"prune"
],
"word": "prune"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English undefined derivations",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/uːn",
"Rhymes:English/uːn/1 syllable",
"en:Fruits",
"en:Prunus genus plants"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pruning"
},
{
"word": "alpha-beta pruning en"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "prunen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English prunen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "prounen"
},
"expansion": "prounen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "proinen"
},
"expansion": "proinen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "proignier",
"4": "",
"5": "to trim the feathers with the beak"
},
"expansion": "Old French proignier (“to trim the feathers with the beak”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "prooignier"
},
"expansion": "prooignier",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pro-"
},
"expansion": "Latin pro-",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rotundus",
"3": "",
"4": "round"
},
"expansion": "rotundus (“round”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English prunen, prounen, proinen, from Old French proignier (“to trim the feathers with the beak”), earlier prooignier, ultimately from Latin pro- (\"front\") + rotundus (“round”) 'to round-off the front'.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "prunes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pruning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "pruned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "pruned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "prune (third-person singular simple present prunes, present participle pruning, simple past and past participle pruned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Horticulture"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "A good grape grower will prune the vines once a year.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To remove excess material from a tree or shrub; to trim, especially to make more healthy or productive."
],
"links": [
[
"horticulture",
"horticulture"
],
[
"tree",
"tree"
],
[
"shrub",
"shrub"
],
[
"trim",
"trim"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, horticulture) To remove excess material from a tree or shrub; to trim, especially to make more healthy or productive."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"horticulture",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to prune a budget, or an essay",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cut down or shorten (by the removal of unnecessary material)."
],
"links": [
[
"cut down",
"cut down"
],
[
"shorten",
"shorten"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, figuratively) To cut down or shorten (by the removal of unnecessary material)."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1990, Wayne Jancik, The Billboard Book of One-Hit Wonders, page 229",
"text": "When internal dissension and a decline in popularity set in, Johnny was pruned from the Crests.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To remove (something unnecessary) for the sake of cutting down or shortening that which it was previously part of."
],
"links": [
[
"cutting down",
"cut down"
],
[
"shorten",
"shorten"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To remove (something unnecessary) for the sake of cutting down or shortening that which it was previously part of."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Computer science"
],
"glosses": [
"To remove unnecessary branches from a tree data structure."
],
"links": [
[
"computer science",
"computer science"
],
[
"branch",
"branch"
],
[
"tree",
"tree"
],
[
"data structure",
"data structure"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, computer science) To remove unnecessary branches from a tree data structure."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"computer",
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"science",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To preen; to prepare; to dress."
],
"links": [
[
"preen",
"preen"
],
[
"prepare",
"prepare"
],
[
"dress",
"dress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To preen; to prepare; to dress."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɹuːn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹun/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹʉːn/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹɪu̯n/",
"note": "Wales, Ottawa Valley"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːn"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-prune.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/65/En-au-prune.ogg/En-au-prune.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/En-au-prune.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "proin"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šaḏaba",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "شَذَبَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "qaḍaba",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "قَضَبَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "qalama",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "قَلَمَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "haḏḏaba",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "هَذَّبَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "naqaḥa",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "نَقَحَ"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "dol",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "ডল"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "qırpmaq"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "adaburutu"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kastrja",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "кастря"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podrjazvam",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "подрязвам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "podar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "esporgar"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "prořezat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "prostříhat"
},
{
"code": "dlm",
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "potuor"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "snoeien"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "karsia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "oksia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "vesoa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "élaguer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "émonder"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "tailler"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "cerpî"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "podar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "espolar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "cepar"
},
{
"code": "roa-gal",
"lang": "Gallo",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "émonder"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "stutzen (also",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "zurecht-, zurück-)"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "schneiden (also",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "be-, zurück-)"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kladévo",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "κλαδεύω"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "zamár",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "זָמַר"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "meang"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "sciot"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "potare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "ridurre"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "sfoltire"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "pampinō"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"word": "êmonder"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "kviste"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "beskjære"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "podar"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "haras kardan",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "هرس کردن"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xašâve kardan",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "خشاوه کردن"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "podar"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "ch'aphranay"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "curăță"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "emonda"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "tagliar giu"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "tschancunar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "proreživatʹ",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "прореживать"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "pudai"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "pudare"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "putare"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "bàrr"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "beàrr"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "sgud"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "sgath"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "meidh"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "teasg"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "podar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "sarper"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "pampinar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "ansa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "beskära"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "tukta"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "trimma"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "trim a tree or shrub",
"word": "tocio"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎkraštavam",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "съкращавам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "inkorten"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "snoeien"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "karsia"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "kürzen"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "qinnév",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "קִנֵּב"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "rekortar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "accorciare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "ridurre"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kástri",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "ка́стри"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "beskjære"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "podar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "podar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(figuratively) cut down or shorten",
"word": "skära ner"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"prune"
],
"word": "prune"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French feminine nouns",
"French lemmas",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with audio links",
"fr:Fruits"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pour des prunes"
},
{
"word": "pruneau"
},
{
"word": "prunier"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "prune",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French prune",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "prune"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French prune",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*prūna"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *prūna",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "prūnum"
},
"expansion": "Latin prūnum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "grc",
"3": "προῦμνον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek προῦμνον (proûmnon)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French prune, from Vulgar Latin *prūna, feminine singular formed from the neutral plural of Latin prūnum, from Ancient Greek προῦμνον (proûmnon).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "prunes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "prune f (plural prunes)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"plum"
],
"links": [
[
"plum",
"plum"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French slang"
],
"glosses": [
"ticket (“traffic citation”)"
],
"links": [
[
"ticket",
"ticket#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) ticket (“traffic citation”)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʁyn/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-prune.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/78/Fr-prune.ogg/Fr-prune.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/Fr-prune.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fr:prune"
],
"word": "prune"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "prūne",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "noun form",
"head": "prūne"
},
"expansion": "prūne",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin noun forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "prūnus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vocative singular of prūnus"
],
"links": [
[
"prūnus",
"prunus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"word": "prune"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English doublets",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"enm:Fruits"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prune"
},
"expansion": "English: prune",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: prune"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "prune"
},
"expansion": "Old French prune",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*prūna"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *prūna",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "prūnum"
},
"expansion": "Latin prūnum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "grc",
"3": "προῦνον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek προῦνον (proûnon)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "προῦμνον"
},
"expansion": "προῦμνον (proûmnon)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "plomme"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of plomme",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French prune, from Vulgar Latin *prūna, from Latin prūnum, from Ancient Greek προῦνον (proûnon), προῦμνον (proûmnon). Doublet of plomme.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "prunes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "prune",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prunes"
},
"expansion": "prune (plural prunes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A plum (fruit of Prunus domestica)"
],
"links": [
[
"plum",
"plum"
],
[
"Prunus domestica",
"Prunus domestica#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A prune (dried plum)"
],
"links": [
[
"prune",
"prune#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Pathology"
],
"glosses": [
"A large, rounded boil."
],
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pathology) A large, rounded boil."
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpriu̯n(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pruna"
}
],
"word": "prune"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "prune"
},
"expansion": "French: prune",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: prune"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "preune"
},
"expansion": "Norman: preune",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: preune"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "pronne"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: pronne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: pronne"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "prune",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: prune, pruna\nEnglish: prune",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: prune, pruna\nEnglish: prune"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*prūna"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *prūna",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "prūnum"
},
"expansion": "Latin prūnum",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Vulgar Latin *prūna, feminine singular formed from the neutral plural of Latin prūnum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "prune oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "prunes",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "prune",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "prunes",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "prune oblique singular, f (oblique plural prunes, nominative singular prune, nominative plural prunes)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"plum (fruit)"
],
"links": [
[
"plum",
"plum"
]
]
}
],
"word": "prune"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "prune",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian non-lemma forms",
"Romanian noun forms",
"Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "prună"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of prună"
],
"links": [
[
"prună",
"prună#Romanian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpru.ne/"
}
],
"word": "prune"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'prune oblique singular or', originally 'prune oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"prune"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "prune",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'prune oblique singular or', originally 'prune oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"prune"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "prune",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['feminine', 'canonical']: 'prune oblique singular or' in 'prune oblique singular, f (oblique plural prunes, nominative singular prune, nominative plural prunes)'",
"path": [
"prune"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "prune",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.