See lacuna on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for lacuna meaning in All languages combined (22.6kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lacunal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lacunar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lacunary"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lacunate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lacunose"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "lacūna",
"t": "a ditch, pit; a hollow, cavity; a gap, defect"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin lacūna (“a ditch, pit; a hollow, cavity; a gap, defect”)",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lacune",
"3": "lagoon"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of lacune and lagoon",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin lacūna (“a ditch, pit; a hollow, cavity; a gap, defect”). Doublet of lacune and lagoon.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lacunae",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lacunæ",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lacunas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lacunae",
"2": "lacunæ",
"3": "+",
"pl2qual": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "lacuna (plural lacunae or (obsolete) lacunæ or lacunas)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: fovea"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small opening; a small pit or depression, especially in bone."
],
"id": "en-lacuna-en-noun-LG-0OINw",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"pit",
"pit"
],
[
"depression",
"depression"
],
[
"bone",
"bone"
]
],
"qualifier": "particularly anatomy",
"raw_glosses": [
"(particularly anatomy) A small opening; a small pit or depression, especially in bone."
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Microscopy",
"orig": "en:Microscopy",
"parents": [
"Microbiology",
"Optics",
"Biology",
"Physics",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small opening; a small pit or depression, especially in bone.",
"A space visible between cells, allowing free passage of light."
],
"id": "en-lacuna-en-noun-yt8DLBw6",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"pit",
"pit"
],
[
"depression",
"depression"
],
[
"bone",
"bone"
],
[
"microscopy",
"microscopy"
],
[
"space",
"space"
],
[
"cell",
"cell"
],
[
"passage",
"passage"
],
[
"light",
"light"
]
],
"qualifier": "particularly anatomy; microscopy; microscopy",
"raw_glosses": [
"(particularly anatomy) A small opening; a small pit or depression, especially in bone.",
"(microscopy) A space visible between cells, allowing free passage of light."
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 67 10 10 11",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiāngxì",
"sense": "space between cells",
"word": "腔隙"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 67 10 10 11",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "space between cells",
"word": "lakuuni"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Long lacunae in this inscription make interpretation difficult.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.",
"An absent part, especially in a book or other piece of writing, often referring to an ancient manuscript or similar."
],
"id": "en-lacuna-en-noun-hpQEK2JP",
"links": [
[
"blank",
"blank"
],
[
"space",
"space"
],
[
"gap",
"gap"
],
[
"vacancy",
"vacancy"
],
[
"hiatus",
"hiatus"
],
[
"absent",
"absent"
],
[
"book",
"book"
],
[
"writing",
"writing"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"manuscript",
"manuscript"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 6 63 15 10",
"alt": "(в текст)",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "propusk",
"sense": "absent part in a book",
"word": "пропуск"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 6 63 15 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "absent part in a book",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lacune"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 6 63 15 10",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "absent part in a book",
"word": "aukko"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 6 63 15 10",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kenó",
"sense": "absent part in a book",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κενό"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 6 63 15 10",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "chásma",
"sense": "absent part in a book",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "χάσμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 6 63 15 10",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "absent part in a book",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lacūna"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 6 63 15 10",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "absent part in a book",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lakune"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 6 63 15 10",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "absent part in a book",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "lakune"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 6 63 15 10",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "absent part in a book",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "lakun"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2008 March 23, Elizabeth Day, “The great French love affair with la vie anglaise”, in The Observer, →ISSN",
"text": "For Beatrice Nutter, there will always be conspicuous lacunae in our mutual understanding, but after almost 30 years here, the anomalies now delight rather than confound her.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Li Huang, James Lambert, “Another Arrow for the Quiver: A New Methodology for Multilingual Researchers”, in Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, volume 41, number 7, →DOI, page 577",
"text": "If the researcher cannot adequately hear a specific conversation due to its low volume or other acoustic interference, then this data point can be passed over with the understanding that such lacunae will be randomly distributed over the data collecting period.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.",
"Any gap, break, hole, or lack in a set of things; something missing."
],
"id": "en-lacuna-en-noun-mTcvuybD",
"links": [
[
"blank",
"blank"
],
[
"space",
"space"
],
[
"gap",
"gap"
],
[
"vacancy",
"vacancy"
],
[
"hiatus",
"hiatus"
],
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"hole",
"hole"
],
[
"lack",
"lack"
],
[
"missing",
"missing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.",
"(figurative) Any gap, break, hole, or lack in a set of things; something missing."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "en:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Translation studies",
"orig": "en:Translation studies",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 5 7 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.",
"A language gap, which occurs when there is no direct translation in the target language for a lexical term found in the source language."
],
"id": "en-lacuna-en-noun-wgD0h8Q3",
"links": [
[
"blank",
"blank"
],
[
"space",
"space"
],
[
"gap",
"gap"
],
[
"vacancy",
"vacancy"
],
[
"hiatus",
"hiatus"
],
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"translation studies",
"translation studies"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"direct",
"direct"
],
[
"translation",
"translation"
],
[
"target language",
"target language"
],
[
"lexical",
"lexical"
],
[
"source language",
"source language"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.",
"(linguistics, translation studies) A language gap, which occurs when there is no direct translation in the target language for a lexical term found in the source language."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "anisomorphism"
}
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences",
"translation-studies"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 5 6 13 71",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "language gap",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "taalhiaat"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 5 6 13 71",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "language gap",
"word": "leksikaalinen aukko"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 5 6 13 71",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "language gap",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lexikalische Lücke"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 5 6 13 71",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kenó",
"sense": "language gap",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κενό"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 5 6 13 71",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "language gap",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lacuna lexicala"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 5 6 13 71",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "language gap",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vacío léxico"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 5 6 13 71",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "language gap",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "laguna léxica"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 5 6 13 71",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "language gap",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "lexikal lucka"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ləˈk(j)uː.nə/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːnə"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-lacuna.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/En-us-lacuna.ogg/En-us-lacuna.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/En-us-lacuna.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-lacuna-2.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/En-us-lacuna-2.ogg/En-us-lacuna-2.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/En-us-lacuna-2.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gap"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hiatus"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "39 39 3 5 14",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiāngxì",
"sense": "opening, pit, depression",
"word": "腔隙"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 3 5 14",
"code": "fi",
"english": "same word for small and large openings",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "opening, pit, depression",
"word": "aukko"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 3 5 14",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "opening, pit, depression",
"word": "lakuno"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 3 5 14",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "opening, pit, depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kelên"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 3 5 14",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "opening, pit, depression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lakune"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 3 5 14",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "opening, pit, depression",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "lakune"
}
],
"word": "lacuna"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cunetta"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "lacūna",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin lacūna",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "lacūna"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin lacūna",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "laguna",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "laguna",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lacūna. Compare the inherited doublet laguna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lacune",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "lacuna f (plural lacune)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"la‧cù‧na"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"gap"
],
"id": "en-lacuna-it-noun-VNXb8BJO",
"links": [
[
"gap",
"gap"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"blank (space)"
],
"id": "en-lacuna-it-noun-Sm~wQF~-",
"links": [
[
"blank",
"blank"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 5 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lapse (of memory)"
],
"id": "en-lacuna-it-noun-sM986nKs",
"links": [
[
"lapse",
"lapse"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/laˈku.na/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-una"
}
],
"word": "lacuna"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "lacūnar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "lacūnarium"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "lacūnārius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "lacūnō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "lacūnōsus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "llaguna"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: llaguna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: llaguna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "llacuna"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: llacuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: llacuna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lacuna",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: lacuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: lacuna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "lacune",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: lacune\n→ English: lacune\n→ Romanian: lacună",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ French: lacune\n→ English: lacune\n→ Romanian: lacună"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "lagoa"
},
"expansion": "Galician: lagoa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: lagoa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "laguna"
},
"expansion": "Italian: laguna\n→ French: lagune\n→ Danish: lagune\n→ Dutch: lagune\n→ English: lagoon\n→ Portuguese: laguna\n→ Romanian: lagună",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Italian: laguna\n→ French: lagune\n→ Danish: lagune\n→ Dutch: lagune\n→ English: lagoon\n→ Portuguese: laguna\n→ Romanian: lagună"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "lacuna",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: lacuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: lacuna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "lòna",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: lòna, lagua, laguna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: lòna, lagua, laguna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "lagoa"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: lagoa",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "lacuna",
"bor": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ lacuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: lagoa, → lacuna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "лакуна",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: лакуна (lakuna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: лакуна (lakuna)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "laguna"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: laguna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: laguna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "łaguna"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: łaguna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: łaguna"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-īnus"
},
"expansion": "-īnus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lacus",
"3": "-nus",
"pos2": "see <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">-īnus</i>",
"t1": "a lake, pond; a basin, tank, cistern"
},
"expansion": "lacus (“a lake, pond; a basin, tank, cistern”) + -nus (see -īnus)",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "opportūnus"
},
"expansion": "opportūnus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "importūnus"
},
"expansion": "importūnus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "portus"
},
"expansion": "portus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "urīna"
},
"expansion": "urīna",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "According to Alfred Ernout and Antoine Meillet, from the feminine substantivation of an unattested adjectival form *lacūnus (pertaining to a lake, cistern), itself from lacus (“a lake, pond; a basin, tank, cistern”) + -nus (see -īnus). For the u-stem-appended -nus adjectival suffix compare opportūnus and importūnus, from portus. For its substantivation, probably from the clipping of the set-phrase \"lacuna aqua\" (cistern water), compare urīna with the same development.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lacūna",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnārum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lacūna<1>"
},
"expansion": "lacūna f (genitive lacūnae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lacūna<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "lacūnātūra"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…], whence the great hollows (the cavity of the torrent) sweat of a tepid moisture.",
"ref": "c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 1.117",
"text": "[…], unde cavae tepido sudant umore lacunae."
}
],
"glosses": [
"a hole, pit, ditch; (especially) a pool, pond"
],
"id": "en-lacuna-la-noun-VgLIGujQ",
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"hole",
"hole"
],
[
"pit",
"pit"
],
[
"ditch",
"ditch"
],
[
"pool",
"pool"
],
[
"pond",
"pond"
]
],
"qualifier": "literal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(literal, chiefly poetic) a hole, pit, ditch; (especially) a pool, pond"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…], in such a way that they bear no holes nor protruding parts, […]",
"ref": "c. 15 BCE, Vitruvius, De architectura 7.1.4",
"text": "[…], ut ne habeant lacunas nec extantes tumulos, […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a hole, pit, ditch; (especially) a pool, pond",
"an opening, cavity, hollow, cleft, chasm"
],
"id": "en-lacuna-la-noun-kofixH2n",
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"hole",
"hole"
],
[
"pit",
"pit"
],
[
"ditch",
"ditch"
],
[
"pool",
"pool"
],
[
"pond",
"pond"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"cavity",
"cavity"
],
[
"hollow",
"hollow"
],
[
"cleft",
"cleft"
],
[
"chasm",
"chasm"
]
],
"qualifier": "literal; generally; generally",
"raw_glosses": [
"(literal, chiefly poetic) a hole, pit, ditch; (especially) a pool, pond",
"(generally) an opening, cavity, hollow, cleft, chasm"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Classical Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 33 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 30 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 33 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 23 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -nus",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…] and this unimportant fault, a simple defect of good reputation is repaid (made firm again) by the excuse of new-found circumstances to help a friend.",
"ref": "c. 177 CE, Aulus Gellius, Noctes Atticae 1.3.23",
"text": "[…], minimaque illa labes et quasi lacuna famae munimentis partarum amico utilitatium solidatur."
}
],
"glosses": [
"a gap, void, defect, want, loss"
],
"id": "en-lacuna-la-noun-TvOQdDDd",
"links": [
[
"gap",
"gap"
],
[
"void",
"void"
],
[
"defect",
"defect"
],
[
"want",
"want"
],
[
"loss",
"loss"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative, rare, Classical Latin) a gap, void, defect, want, loss"
],
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin",
"declension-1",
"figuratively",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/laˈkuː.na/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɫ̪äˈkuːnä]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/laˈku.na/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[läˈkuːnä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "lacūnātūra"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "lucūna"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Alfred Ernout",
"Antoine Meillet",
"fr:Jacques André"
],
"word": "lacuna"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "la",
"3": "lacūna"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin lacūna",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "lagoa",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "lagoa",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "laguna"
},
"expansion": "laguna",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin lacūna. Compare the inherited lagoa and laguna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lacunas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "lacuna f (plural lacunas)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"la‧cu‧na"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "lagoa"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hiatus (gap in a series)"
],
"id": "en-lacuna-pt-noun-8cPbsXzu",
"links": [
[
"hiatus",
"hiatus"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hiato"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"blank (space to be filled in)"
],
"id": "en-lacuna-pt-noun-~1f4Y8ZM",
"links": [
[
"blank",
"blank"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/laˈkũ.nɐ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/laˈkũ.nɐ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/laˈku.na/",
"tags": [
"Southern-Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lɐˈku.nɐ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "lacuna"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "lacuna f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "lacună"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite nominative/accusative singular of lacună"
],
"id": "en-lacuna-ro-noun-ZgTGQ7W1",
"links": [
[
"lacună",
"lacună#Romanian"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[laˈkuna]"
}
],
"word": "lacuna"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English learned borrowings from Latin",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English unadapted borrowings from Latin",
"Rhymes:English/uːnə",
"Rhymes:English/uːnə/3 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "lacunal"
},
{
"word": "lacunar"
},
{
"word": "lacunary"
},
{
"word": "lacunate"
},
{
"word": "lacunose"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "lacūna",
"t": "a ditch, pit; a hollow, cavity; a gap, defect"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin lacūna (“a ditch, pit; a hollow, cavity; a gap, defect”)",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lacune",
"3": "lagoon"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of lacune and lagoon",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin lacūna (“a ditch, pit; a hollow, cavity; a gap, defect”). Doublet of lacune and lagoon.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lacunae",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lacunæ",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lacunas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lacunae",
"2": "lacunæ",
"3": "+",
"pl2qual": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "lacuna (plural lacunae or (obsolete) lacunæ or lacunas)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Anatomy"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: fovea"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small opening; a small pit or depression, especially in bone."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"pit",
"pit"
],
[
"depression",
"depression"
],
[
"bone",
"bone"
]
],
"qualifier": "particularly anatomy",
"raw_glosses": [
"(particularly anatomy) A small opening; a small pit or depression, especially in bone."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Anatomy",
"en:Microscopy"
],
"glosses": [
"A small opening; a small pit or depression, especially in bone.",
"A space visible between cells, allowing free passage of light."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"pit",
"pit"
],
[
"depression",
"depression"
],
[
"bone",
"bone"
],
[
"microscopy",
"microscopy"
],
[
"space",
"space"
],
[
"cell",
"cell"
],
[
"passage",
"passage"
],
[
"light",
"light"
]
],
"qualifier": "particularly anatomy; microscopy; microscopy",
"raw_glosses": [
"(particularly anatomy) A small opening; a small pit or depression, especially in bone.",
"(microscopy) A space visible between cells, allowing free passage of light."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Long lacunae in this inscription make interpretation difficult.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.",
"An absent part, especially in a book or other piece of writing, often referring to an ancient manuscript or similar."
],
"links": [
[
"blank",
"blank"
],
[
"space",
"space"
],
[
"gap",
"gap"
],
[
"vacancy",
"vacancy"
],
[
"hiatus",
"hiatus"
],
[
"absent",
"absent"
],
[
"book",
"book"
],
[
"writing",
"writing"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"manuscript",
"manuscript"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2008 March 23, Elizabeth Day, “The great French love affair with la vie anglaise”, in The Observer, →ISSN",
"text": "For Beatrice Nutter, there will always be conspicuous lacunae in our mutual understanding, but after almost 30 years here, the anomalies now delight rather than confound her.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Li Huang, James Lambert, “Another Arrow for the Quiver: A New Methodology for Multilingual Researchers”, in Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, volume 41, number 7, →DOI, page 577",
"text": "If the researcher cannot adequately hear a specific conversation due to its low volume or other acoustic interference, then this data point can be passed over with the understanding that such lacunae will be randomly distributed over the data collecting period.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.",
"Any gap, break, hole, or lack in a set of things; something missing."
],
"links": [
[
"blank",
"blank"
],
[
"space",
"space"
],
[
"gap",
"gap"
],
[
"vacancy",
"vacancy"
],
[
"hiatus",
"hiatus"
],
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"hole",
"hole"
],
[
"lack",
"lack"
],
[
"missing",
"missing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.",
"(figurative) Any gap, break, hole, or lack in a set of things; something missing."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Linguistics",
"en:Translation studies"
],
"glosses": [
"A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.",
"A language gap, which occurs when there is no direct translation in the target language for a lexical term found in the source language."
],
"links": [
[
"blank",
"blank"
],
[
"space",
"space"
],
[
"gap",
"gap"
],
[
"vacancy",
"vacancy"
],
[
"hiatus",
"hiatus"
],
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"translation studies",
"translation studies"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"direct",
"direct"
],
[
"translation",
"translation"
],
[
"target language",
"target language"
],
[
"lexical",
"lexical"
],
[
"source language",
"source language"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.",
"(linguistics, translation studies) A language gap, which occurs when there is no direct translation in the target language for a lexical term found in the source language."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "anisomorphism"
}
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences",
"translation-studies"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ləˈk(j)uː.nə/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːnə"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-lacuna.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/En-us-lacuna.ogg/En-us-lacuna.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/En-us-lacuna.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-lacuna-2.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/En-us-lacuna-2.ogg/En-us-lacuna-2.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/En-us-lacuna-2.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gap"
},
{
"word": "hiatus"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiāngxì",
"sense": "opening, pit, depression",
"word": "腔隙"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "same word for small and large openings",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "opening, pit, depression",
"word": "aukko"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "opening, pit, depression",
"word": "lakuno"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "opening, pit, depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kelên"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "opening, pit, depression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lakune"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "opening, pit, depression",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "lakune"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiāngxì",
"sense": "space between cells",
"word": "腔隙"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "space between cells",
"word": "lakuuni"
},
{
"alt": "(в текст)",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "propusk",
"sense": "absent part in a book",
"word": "пропуск"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "absent part in a book",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lacune"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "absent part in a book",
"word": "aukko"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kenó",
"sense": "absent part in a book",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κενό"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "chásma",
"sense": "absent part in a book",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "χάσμα"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "absent part in a book",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lacūna"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "absent part in a book",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lakune"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "absent part in a book",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "lakune"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "absent part in a book",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "lakun"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "language gap",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "taalhiaat"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "language gap",
"word": "leksikaalinen aukko"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "language gap",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lexikalische Lücke"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kenó",
"sense": "language gap",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κενό"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "language gap",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lacuna lexicala"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "language gap",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vacío léxico"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "language gap",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "laguna léxica"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "language gap",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "lexikal lucka"
}
],
"word": "lacuna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 3-syllable words",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian doublets",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian feminine nouns",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms borrowed from Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Latin",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Italian/una",
"Rhymes:Italian/una/3 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cunetta"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "lacūna",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin lacūna",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "lacūna"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin lacūna",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "laguna",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "laguna",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lacūna. Compare the inherited doublet laguna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lacune",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "lacuna f (plural lacune)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"la‧cù‧na"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"gap"
],
"links": [
[
"gap",
"gap"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"blank (space)"
],
"links": [
[
"blank",
"blank"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"lapse (of memory)"
],
"links": [
[
"lapse",
"lapse"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/laˈku.na/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-una"
}
],
"word": "lacuna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms suffixed with -nus",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "lacūnar"
},
{
"word": "lacūnarium"
},
{
"word": "lacūnārius"
},
{
"word": "lacūnō"
},
{
"word": "lacūnōsus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "llaguna"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: llaguna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: llaguna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "llacuna"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: llacuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: llacuna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lacuna",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: lacuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: lacuna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "lacune",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: lacune\n→ English: lacune\n→ Romanian: lacună",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ French: lacune\n→ English: lacune\n→ Romanian: lacună"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "lagoa"
},
"expansion": "Galician: lagoa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: lagoa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "laguna"
},
"expansion": "Italian: laguna\n→ French: lagune\n→ Danish: lagune\n→ Dutch: lagune\n→ English: lagoon\n→ Portuguese: laguna\n→ Romanian: lagună",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Italian: laguna\n→ French: lagune\n→ Danish: lagune\n→ Dutch: lagune\n→ English: lagoon\n→ Portuguese: laguna\n→ Romanian: lagună"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "lacuna",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: lacuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: lacuna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "lòna",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: lòna, lagua, laguna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: lòna, lagua, laguna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "lagoa"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: lagoa",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "lacuna",
"bor": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ lacuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: lagoa, → lacuna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "лакуна",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: лакуна (lakuna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: лакуна (lakuna)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "laguna"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: laguna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: laguna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "łaguna"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: łaguna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: łaguna"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-īnus"
},
"expansion": "-īnus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lacus",
"3": "-nus",
"pos2": "see <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">-īnus</i>",
"t1": "a lake, pond; a basin, tank, cistern"
},
"expansion": "lacus (“a lake, pond; a basin, tank, cistern”) + -nus (see -īnus)",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "opportūnus"
},
"expansion": "opportūnus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "importūnus"
},
"expansion": "importūnus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "portus"
},
"expansion": "portus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "urīna"
},
"expansion": "urīna",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "According to Alfred Ernout and Antoine Meillet, from the feminine substantivation of an unattested adjectival form *lacūnus (pertaining to a lake, cistern), itself from lacus (“a lake, pond; a basin, tank, cistern”) + -nus (see -īnus). For the u-stem-appended -nus adjectival suffix compare opportūnus and importūnus, from portus. For its substantivation, probably from the clipping of the set-phrase \"lacuna aqua\" (cistern water), compare urīna with the same development.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lacūna",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnārum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lacūnae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lacūna<1>"
},
"expansion": "lacūna f (genitive lacūnae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lacūna<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "lacūnātūra"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin poetic terms",
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…], whence the great hollows (the cavity of the torrent) sweat of a tepid moisture.",
"ref": "c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 1.117",
"text": "[…], unde cavae tepido sudant umore lacunae."
}
],
"glosses": [
"a hole, pit, ditch; (especially) a pool, pond"
],
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"hole",
"hole"
],
[
"pit",
"pit"
],
[
"ditch",
"ditch"
],
[
"pool",
"pool"
],
[
"pond",
"pond"
]
],
"qualifier": "literal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(literal, chiefly poetic) a hole, pit, ditch; (especially) a pool, pond"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin poetic terms",
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…], in such a way that they bear no holes nor protruding parts, […]",
"ref": "c. 15 BCE, Vitruvius, De architectura 7.1.4",
"text": "[…], ut ne habeant lacunas nec extantes tumulos, […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a hole, pit, ditch; (especially) a pool, pond",
"an opening, cavity, hollow, cleft, chasm"
],
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"hole",
"hole"
],
[
"pit",
"pit"
],
[
"ditch",
"ditch"
],
[
"pool",
"pool"
],
[
"pond",
"pond"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"cavity",
"cavity"
],
[
"hollow",
"hollow"
],
[
"cleft",
"cleft"
],
[
"chasm",
"chasm"
]
],
"qualifier": "literal; generally; generally",
"raw_glosses": [
"(literal, chiefly poetic) a hole, pit, ditch; (especially) a pool, pond",
"(generally) an opening, cavity, hollow, cleft, chasm"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Classical Latin",
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Latin terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…] and this unimportant fault, a simple defect of good reputation is repaid (made firm again) by the excuse of new-found circumstances to help a friend.",
"ref": "c. 177 CE, Aulus Gellius, Noctes Atticae 1.3.23",
"text": "[…], minimaque illa labes et quasi lacuna famae munimentis partarum amico utilitatium solidatur."
}
],
"glosses": [
"a gap, void, defect, want, loss"
],
"links": [
[
"gap",
"gap"
],
[
"void",
"void"
],
[
"defect",
"defect"
],
[
"want",
"want"
],
[
"loss",
"loss"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative, rare, Classical Latin) a gap, void, defect, want, loss"
],
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin",
"declension-1",
"figuratively",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/laˈkuː.na/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɫ̪äˈkuːnä]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/laˈku.na/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[läˈkuːnä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lacūnātūra"
},
{
"word": "lucūna"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Alfred Ernout",
"Antoine Meillet",
"fr:Jacques André"
],
"word": "lacuna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Portuguese 3-syllable words",
"Portuguese countable nouns",
"Portuguese doublets",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese feminine nouns",
"Portuguese learned borrowings from Latin",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese nouns",
"Portuguese terms borrowed from Latin",
"Portuguese terms derived from Latin",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "la",
"3": "lacūna"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin lacūna",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "lagoa",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "lagoa",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "laguna"
},
"expansion": "laguna",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin lacūna. Compare the inherited lagoa and laguna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lacunas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "lacuna f (plural lacunas)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"la‧cu‧na"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "lagoa"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hiatus (gap in a series)"
],
"links": [
[
"hiatus",
"hiatus"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hiato"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"blank (space to be filled in)"
],
"links": [
[
"blank",
"blank"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/laˈkũ.nɐ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/laˈkũ.nɐ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/laˈku.na/",
"tags": [
"Southern-Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lɐˈku.nɐ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "lacuna"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "lacuna f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian non-lemma forms",
"Romanian noun forms",
"Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "lacună"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite nominative/accusative singular of lacună"
],
"links": [
[
"lacună",
"lacună#Romanian"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[laˈkuna]"
}
],
"word": "lacuna"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.