"lacuna" meaning in English

See lacuna in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ləˈk(j)uː.nə/ Audio: en-us-lacuna.ogg [US], en-us-lacuna-2.ogg [US] Forms: lacunae [plural], lacunæ [obsolete, plural], lacunas [plural]
Rhymes: -uːnə Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin lacūna (“a ditch, pit; a hollow, cavity; a gap, defect”). Doublet of lacune and lagoon. Etymology templates: {{lbor|en|la|lacūna|t=a ditch, pit; a hollow, cavity; a gap, defect}} Learned borrowing from Latin lacūna (“a ditch, pit; a hollow, cavity; a gap, defect”), {{dbt|en|lacune|lagoon}} Doublet of lacune and lagoon Head templates: {{en-noun|lacunae|lacunæ|+|pl2qual=obsolete}} lacuna (plural lacunae or (obsolete) lacunæ or lacunas)
  1. (particularly anatomy) A small opening; a small pit or depression, especially in bone. Categories (topical): Anatomy
    Sense id: en-lacuna-en-noun-LG-0OINw
  2. (particularly anatomy) A small opening; a small pit or depression, especially in bone.
    (microscopy) A space visible between cells, allowing free passage of light.
    Categories (topical): Anatomy, Microscopy Translations (space between cells): 腔隙 (qiāngxì) (Chinese Mandarin), lakuuni (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-lacuna-en-noun-yt8DLBw6 Disambiguation of 'space between cells': 3 67 10 10 11
  3. A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.
    An absent part, especially in a book or other piece of writing, often referring to an ancient manuscript or similar.
    Translations (absent part in a book): пропуск (propusk) (alt: (в текст)) (Bulgarian), lacune [feminine] (Dutch), aukko (Finnish), κενό (kenó) [neuter] (Greek), χάσμα (chásma) [neuter] (Greek), lacūna [feminine] (Latin), lakune [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), lakune [feminine, masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), lakun [common-gender] (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-lacuna-en-noun-hpQEK2JP Disambiguation of 'absent part in a book': 6 6 63 15 10
  4. A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.
    (figurative) Any gap, break, hole, or lack in a set of things; something missing.
    Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-lacuna-en-noun-mTcvuybD
  5. A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.
    (linguistics, translation studies) A language gap, which occurs when there is no direct translation in the target language for a lexical term found in the source language.
    Categories (topical): Linguistics, Translation studies Synonyms: anisomorphism Translations (language gap): taalhiaat [neuter] (Dutch), leksikaalinen aukko (Finnish), lexikalische Lücke [feminine] (German), κενό (kenó) [neuter] (Greek), lacuna lexicala [feminine] (Occitan), vacío léxico [masculine] (Spanish), laguna léxica [feminine] (Spanish), lexikal lucka [common-gender] (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-lacuna-en-noun-wgD0h8Q3 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 4 9 5 7 75 Topics: human-sciences, linguistics, sciences, translation-studies Disambiguation of 'language gap': 5 5 6 13 71
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: gap, hiatus Derived forms: lacunal, lacunar, lacunary, lacunate, lacunose Translations (opening, pit, depression): 腔隙 (qiāngxì) (Chinese Mandarin), aukko (english: same word for small and large openings) (Finnish), lakuno (Ido), kelên [feminine] (Northern Kurdish), lakune [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), lakune [feminine, masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk)
Disambiguation of 'opening, pit, depression': 39 39 3 5 14

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for lacuna meaning in English (10.5kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lacunal"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lacunar"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lacunary"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lacunate"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lacunose"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "lacūna",
        "t": "a ditch, pit; a hollow, cavity; a gap, defect"
      },
      "expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin lacūna (“a ditch, pit; a hollow, cavity; a gap, defect”)",
      "name": "lbor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "lacune",
        "3": "lagoon"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of lacune and lagoon",
      "name": "dbt"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin lacūna (“a ditch, pit; a hollow, cavity; a gap, defect”). Doublet of lacune and lagoon.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "lacunae",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lacunæ",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lacunas",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lacunae",
        "2": "lacunæ",
        "3": "+",
        "pl2qual": "obsolete"
      },
      "expansion": "lacuna (plural lacunae or (obsolete) lacunæ or lacunas)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Anatomy",
          "orig": "en:Anatomy",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Coordinate term: fovea"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A small opening; a small pit or depression, especially in bone."
      ],
      "id": "en-lacuna-en-noun-LG-0OINw",
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "opening",
          "opening"
        ],
        [
          "pit",
          "pit"
        ],
        [
          "depression",
          "depression"
        ],
        [
          "bone",
          "bone"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "particularly anatomy",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(particularly anatomy) A small opening; a small pit or depression, especially in bone."
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Anatomy",
          "orig": "en:Anatomy",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Microscopy",
          "orig": "en:Microscopy",
          "parents": [
            "Microbiology",
            "Optics",
            "Biology",
            "Physics",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A small opening; a small pit or depression, especially in bone.",
        "A space visible between cells, allowing free passage of light."
      ],
      "id": "en-lacuna-en-noun-yt8DLBw6",
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "opening",
          "opening"
        ],
        [
          "pit",
          "pit"
        ],
        [
          "depression",
          "depression"
        ],
        [
          "bone",
          "bone"
        ],
        [
          "microscopy",
          "microscopy"
        ],
        [
          "space",
          "space"
        ],
        [
          "cell",
          "cell"
        ],
        [
          "passage",
          "passage"
        ],
        [
          "light",
          "light"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "particularly anatomy; microscopy; microscopy",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(particularly anatomy) A small opening; a small pit or depression, especially in bone.",
        "(microscopy) A space visible between cells, allowing free passage of light."
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "3 67 10 10 11",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "qiāngxì",
          "sense": "space between cells",
          "word": "腔隙"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 67 10 10 11",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "space between cells",
          "word": "lakuuni"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Long lacunae in this inscription make interpretation difficult.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.",
        "An absent part, especially in a book or other piece of writing, often referring to an ancient manuscript or similar."
      ],
      "id": "en-lacuna-en-noun-hpQEK2JP",
      "links": [
        [
          "blank",
          "blank"
        ],
        [
          "space",
          "space"
        ],
        [
          "gap",
          "gap"
        ],
        [
          "vacancy",
          "vacancy"
        ],
        [
          "hiatus",
          "hiatus"
        ],
        [
          "absent",
          "absent"
        ],
        [
          "book",
          "book"
        ],
        [
          "writing",
          "writing"
        ],
        [
          "ancient",
          "ancient"
        ],
        [
          "manuscript",
          "manuscript"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "6 6 63 15 10",
          "alt": "(в текст)",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "propusk",
          "sense": "absent part in a book",
          "word": "пропуск"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 6 63 15 10",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "absent part in a book",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "lacune"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 6 63 15 10",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "absent part in a book",
          "word": "aukko"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 6 63 15 10",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "kenó",
          "sense": "absent part in a book",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "κενό"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 6 63 15 10",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "chásma",
          "sense": "absent part in a book",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "χάσμα"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 6 63 15 10",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "absent part in a book",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "lacūna"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 6 63 15 10",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "absent part in a book",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "lakune"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 6 63 15 10",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "absent part in a book",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "lakune"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 6 63 15 10",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "absent part in a book",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "lakun"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2008 March 23, Elizabeth Day, “The great French love affair with la vie anglaise”, in The Observer, →ISSN",
          "text": "For Beatrice Nutter, there will always be conspicuous lacunae in our mutual understanding, but after almost 30 years here, the anomalies now delight rather than confound her.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2019, Li Huang, James Lambert, “Another Arrow for the Quiver: A New Methodology for Multilingual Researchers”, in Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, volume 41, number 7, →DOI, page 577",
          "text": "If the researcher cannot adequately hear a specific conversation due to its low volume or other acoustic interference, then this data point can be passed over with the understanding that such lacunae will be randomly distributed over the data collecting period.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.",
        "Any gap, break, hole, or lack in a set of things; something missing."
      ],
      "id": "en-lacuna-en-noun-mTcvuybD",
      "links": [
        [
          "blank",
          "blank"
        ],
        [
          "space",
          "space"
        ],
        [
          "gap",
          "gap"
        ],
        [
          "vacancy",
          "vacancy"
        ],
        [
          "hiatus",
          "hiatus"
        ],
        [
          "break",
          "break"
        ],
        [
          "hole",
          "hole"
        ],
        [
          "lack",
          "lack"
        ],
        [
          "missing",
          "missing"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.",
        "(figurative) Any gap, break, hole, or lack in a set of things; something missing."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Linguistics",
          "orig": "en:Linguistics",
          "parents": [
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Translation studies",
          "orig": "en:Translation studies",
          "parents": [
            "Linguistics",
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 9 5 7 75",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.",
        "A language gap, which occurs when there is no direct translation in the target language for a lexical term found in the source language."
      ],
      "id": "en-lacuna-en-noun-wgD0h8Q3",
      "links": [
        [
          "blank",
          "blank"
        ],
        [
          "space",
          "space"
        ],
        [
          "gap",
          "gap"
        ],
        [
          "vacancy",
          "vacancy"
        ],
        [
          "hiatus",
          "hiatus"
        ],
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "translation studies",
          "translation studies"
        ],
        [
          "language",
          "language"
        ],
        [
          "direct",
          "direct"
        ],
        [
          "translation",
          "translation"
        ],
        [
          "target language",
          "target language"
        ],
        [
          "lexical",
          "lexical"
        ],
        [
          "source language",
          "source language"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.",
        "(linguistics, translation studies) A language gap, which occurs when there is no direct translation in the target language for a lexical term found in the source language."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "anisomorphism"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences",
        "translation-studies"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 6 13 71",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "language gap",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "taalhiaat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 6 13 71",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "language gap",
          "word": "leksikaalinen aukko"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 6 13 71",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "language gap",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "lexikalische Lücke"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 6 13 71",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "kenó",
          "sense": "language gap",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "κενό"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 6 13 71",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "language gap",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "lacuna lexicala"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 6 13 71",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "language gap",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "vacío léxico"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 6 13 71",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "language gap",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "laguna léxica"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 6 13 71",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "language gap",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "lexikal lucka"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ləˈk(j)uː.nə/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-uːnə"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-lacuna.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/En-us-lacuna.ogg/En-us-lacuna.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/En-us-lacuna.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-lacuna-2.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/En-us-lacuna-2.ogg/En-us-lacuna-2.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/En-us-lacuna-2.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "gap"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hiatus"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "_dis1": "39 39 3 5 14",
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "qiāngxì",
      "sense": "opening, pit, depression",
      "word": "腔隙"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "39 39 3 5 14",
      "code": "fi",
      "english": "same word for small and large openings",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "opening, pit, depression",
      "word": "aukko"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "39 39 3 5 14",
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "opening, pit, depression",
      "word": "lakuno"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "39 39 3 5 14",
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "opening, pit, depression",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "kelên"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "39 39 3 5 14",
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "opening, pit, depression",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "lakune"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "39 39 3 5 14",
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "opening, pit, depression",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "lakune"
    }
  ],
  "word": "lacuna"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 3-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English doublets",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English learned borrowings from Latin",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms borrowed from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English unadapted borrowings from Latin",
    "Rhymes:English/uːnə",
    "Rhymes:English/uːnə/3 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "lacunal"
    },
    {
      "word": "lacunar"
    },
    {
      "word": "lacunary"
    },
    {
      "word": "lacunate"
    },
    {
      "word": "lacunose"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "lacūna",
        "t": "a ditch, pit; a hollow, cavity; a gap, defect"
      },
      "expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin lacūna (“a ditch, pit; a hollow, cavity; a gap, defect”)",
      "name": "lbor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "lacune",
        "3": "lagoon"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of lacune and lagoon",
      "name": "dbt"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin lacūna (“a ditch, pit; a hollow, cavity; a gap, defect”). Doublet of lacune and lagoon.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "lacunae",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lacunæ",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lacunas",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lacunae",
        "2": "lacunæ",
        "3": "+",
        "pl2qual": "obsolete"
      },
      "expansion": "lacuna (plural lacunae or (obsolete) lacunæ or lacunas)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Anatomy"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Coordinate term: fovea"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A small opening; a small pit or depression, especially in bone."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "opening",
          "opening"
        ],
        [
          "pit",
          "pit"
        ],
        [
          "depression",
          "depression"
        ],
        [
          "bone",
          "bone"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "particularly anatomy",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(particularly anatomy) A small opening; a small pit or depression, especially in bone."
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Anatomy",
        "en:Microscopy"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A small opening; a small pit or depression, especially in bone.",
        "A space visible between cells, allowing free passage of light."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "opening",
          "opening"
        ],
        [
          "pit",
          "pit"
        ],
        [
          "depression",
          "depression"
        ],
        [
          "bone",
          "bone"
        ],
        [
          "microscopy",
          "microscopy"
        ],
        [
          "space",
          "space"
        ],
        [
          "cell",
          "cell"
        ],
        [
          "passage",
          "passage"
        ],
        [
          "light",
          "light"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "particularly anatomy; microscopy; microscopy",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(particularly anatomy) A small opening; a small pit or depression, especially in bone.",
        "(microscopy) A space visible between cells, allowing free passage of light."
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Long lacunae in this inscription make interpretation difficult.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.",
        "An absent part, especially in a book or other piece of writing, often referring to an ancient manuscript or similar."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "blank",
          "blank"
        ],
        [
          "space",
          "space"
        ],
        [
          "gap",
          "gap"
        ],
        [
          "vacancy",
          "vacancy"
        ],
        [
          "hiatus",
          "hiatus"
        ],
        [
          "absent",
          "absent"
        ],
        [
          "book",
          "book"
        ],
        [
          "writing",
          "writing"
        ],
        [
          "ancient",
          "ancient"
        ],
        [
          "manuscript",
          "manuscript"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2008 March 23, Elizabeth Day, “The great French love affair with la vie anglaise”, in The Observer, →ISSN",
          "text": "For Beatrice Nutter, there will always be conspicuous lacunae in our mutual understanding, but after almost 30 years here, the anomalies now delight rather than confound her.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2019, Li Huang, James Lambert, “Another Arrow for the Quiver: A New Methodology for Multilingual Researchers”, in Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, volume 41, number 7, →DOI, page 577",
          "text": "If the researcher cannot adequately hear a specific conversation due to its low volume or other acoustic interference, then this data point can be passed over with the understanding that such lacunae will be randomly distributed over the data collecting period.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.",
        "Any gap, break, hole, or lack in a set of things; something missing."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "blank",
          "blank"
        ],
        [
          "space",
          "space"
        ],
        [
          "gap",
          "gap"
        ],
        [
          "vacancy",
          "vacancy"
        ],
        [
          "hiatus",
          "hiatus"
        ],
        [
          "break",
          "break"
        ],
        [
          "hole",
          "hole"
        ],
        [
          "lack",
          "lack"
        ],
        [
          "missing",
          "missing"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.",
        "(figurative) Any gap, break, hole, or lack in a set of things; something missing."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Linguistics",
        "en:Translation studies"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.",
        "A language gap, which occurs when there is no direct translation in the target language for a lexical term found in the source language."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "blank",
          "blank"
        ],
        [
          "space",
          "space"
        ],
        [
          "gap",
          "gap"
        ],
        [
          "vacancy",
          "vacancy"
        ],
        [
          "hiatus",
          "hiatus"
        ],
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "translation studies",
          "translation studies"
        ],
        [
          "language",
          "language"
        ],
        [
          "direct",
          "direct"
        ],
        [
          "translation",
          "translation"
        ],
        [
          "target language",
          "target language"
        ],
        [
          "lexical",
          "lexical"
        ],
        [
          "source language",
          "source language"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "A small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.",
        "(linguistics, translation studies) A language gap, which occurs when there is no direct translation in the target language for a lexical term found in the source language."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "anisomorphism"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences",
        "translation-studies"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ləˈk(j)uː.nə/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-uːnə"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-lacuna.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/En-us-lacuna.ogg/En-us-lacuna.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/En-us-lacuna.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-lacuna-2.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/En-us-lacuna-2.ogg/En-us-lacuna-2.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/En-us-lacuna-2.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "gap"
    },
    {
      "word": "hiatus"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "qiāngxì",
      "sense": "opening, pit, depression",
      "word": "腔隙"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "english": "same word for small and large openings",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "opening, pit, depression",
      "word": "aukko"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "opening, pit, depression",
      "word": "lakuno"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "opening, pit, depression",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "kelên"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "opening, pit, depression",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "lakune"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "opening, pit, depression",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "lakune"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "qiāngxì",
      "sense": "space between cells",
      "word": "腔隙"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "space between cells",
      "word": "lakuuni"
    },
    {
      "alt": "(в текст)",
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "propusk",
      "sense": "absent part in a book",
      "word": "пропуск"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "absent part in a book",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "lacune"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "absent part in a book",
      "word": "aukko"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "kenó",
      "sense": "absent part in a book",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "κενό"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "chásma",
      "sense": "absent part in a book",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "χάσμα"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "absent part in a book",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "lacūna"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "absent part in a book",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "lakune"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "absent part in a book",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "lakune"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "absent part in a book",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "lakun"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "language gap",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "taalhiaat"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "language gap",
      "word": "leksikaalinen aukko"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "language gap",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "lexikalische Lücke"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "kenó",
      "sense": "language gap",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "κενό"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "language gap",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "lacuna lexicala"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "language gap",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "vacío léxico"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "language gap",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "laguna léxica"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "language gap",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "lexikal lucka"
    }
  ],
  "word": "lacuna"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.