See koń on Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dsb-decl-noun-20",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "koń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "konja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "konje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "konja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "konjowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "konjow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "konjoju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "konjoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "konjam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "konja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "konjowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "konje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "konjow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "konjom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "konjoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "konjami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "konju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "konjoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "konjach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "koń m animal",
"name": "dsb-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "ń",
"animate": "1"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun-20"
}
],
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "kóń"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "22 8 5 7 7 10 7 1 1 9 7 1 1 1 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 8 5 8 8 11 4 0 0 10 9 1 0 1 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Superseded spelling of kóń."
],
"id": "en-koń-dsb-noun-gdU0tYZe",
"links": [
[
"kóń",
"kóń#Lower_Sorbian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"animal-not-person",
"archaic",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "koń"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dziki koń"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "konica"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "koniochrom"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "koniuch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "koniusz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "konnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "konny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzepać konie"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "koń"
},
"expansion": "Polish: koń",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: koń"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "kōń"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: kōń",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: kōń"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kòňь",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kòňь",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kòňь"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kòňь",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kòňь. First attested in the 14th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "konik",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "koniowy",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
]
},
{
"form": "koński",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml",
"aug": "koniowy",
"aug2": "koński",
"dim": "konik"
},
"expansion": "koń m animal (diminutive konik, augmentative koniowy or koński)",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "koniczek"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "konikowie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "koniuszek"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "42 21 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1959 [1386], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 3, Poznań:",
"text": "Czso Krziwosandowi vkradzoni kone, tego Sandziwog vzitka ne ma",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1921 [1466], Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editor, Wolność kmieca na Mazowszu w wieku XV, Masovia, page 39:",
"text": "Jako... ya czeladzy ksadza proboszczowey we dwdzesthu kony nye odbyl gwalthem",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1440, rękopiśmienne ekscerpty - glosy z rozariusza z rękopisu znajdującego się w zbiorach Biblioteki Klasztornej oo. Paulinów na Jasnej Górze pod sygn. II 25 z r. 1444, page 89r:",
"text": "Equirea uel equaria uel equaricia sunt greges equuorum proprie stado cony",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 4r:",
"text": "Adaquare wesseren id est ad aquam ducere konye napogycz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 10v:",
"text": "Antela est cingulus vel quod ante pectus equi tenditur eyn vorbog an eynem sattel pothpaszny pasz v konyą vel pothpyerszny pasz",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"horse (hoofed mammal, Equus ferus caballus, often used throughout history for riding and draft work)"
],
"id": "en-koń-zlw-opl-noun-S9RlPMi3",
"links": [
[
"horse",
"horse"
],
[
"Equus ferus caballus",
"Equus ferus caballus#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) horse (hoofed mammal, Equus ferus caballus, often used throughout history for riding and draft work)"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "42 21 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"pile, heap, stack"
],
"id": "en-koń-zlw-opl-noun-su0zoEkx",
"links": [
[
"pile",
"pile"
],
[
"heap",
"heap"
],
[
"stack",
"stack"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kuyavia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "42 21 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1878-1889 [1241], Archiwum Komisji Historycznej, volume IV, Kujavia, Masovia, page 35:",
"text": "A superiori riuulo, ubi con seu cumulus lapidum vlg. nuncupatus",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"corruption of Latin cōnus"
],
"id": "en-koń-zlw-opl-noun-EV7g9l5i",
"links": [
[
"cōnus",
"conus#Latin"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Kuyavia",
"raw_glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"(attested in Kuyavia, Masovia) corruption of Latin cōnus"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɔ(ː)ɲ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔɲ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/koɲ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "koń"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bezkonny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "konny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "co koń wyskoczy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "czarny koń"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dzień konia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "konia z rzędem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "konitrut"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "koń angielski"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "koń arabski"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "koń huculski"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "koń mechaniczny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "koń pod wierzch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "koń siodłowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "koń śląski"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "koń trojański"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rozstawne konie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stary koń"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "koń by się uśmiał"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "można konie kraść"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "poszły konie po betonie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "baba z wozu, koniom lżej"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "darowanemu koniowi nie patrzy się w zęby"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "jeśli spaść, to z wysokiego konia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "konia kują, a żaba nogę podstawia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "koń ma cztery nogi i też się potknie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "koń ma duży łeb, niech się martwi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "królestwo za konia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Łaska pańska na pstrym koniu jeździ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pańskie oko konia tuczy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kopać się z koniem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "postawić na dobrego konia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "stawiać na dobrego konia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "postawić na złego konia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "stawiać na złego konia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "postawić wóz przed koniem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "stawiać wóz przed koniem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zjeść konia z kopytami"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "znać się jak łyse konie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zrobić w konia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "robić w konia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zwalić konia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "walić konia"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "koń",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish koń",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "koń"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish koń",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish koń.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "konik",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "konisko",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
]
},
{
"form": "koński",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "koń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "konie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "konia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koniowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koniom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "konia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "konie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koniem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koniu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koniach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koniu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "konie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml",
"adj": "koński",
"aug": "konisko",
"dim": "konik"
},
"expansion": "koń m animal (diminutive konik, augmentative konisko, related adjective koński)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"koń"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"insp": "końmi"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "król"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hetman"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "królowa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "królówka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dama"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wieża"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "goniec"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "laufer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "giermek"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "skoczek"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "konik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pion"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pionek"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 21 10 0 1 13 12 1 2 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 15 14 1 4 10 11 1 1 5 20",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Horses",
"orig": "pl:Horses",
"parents": [
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "HORSE as it is everyone can see/everyone can see what it is.",
"ref": "1745-1746, Benedykt Joachim Chmielowski, Nowe Ateny, page 475:",
"text": "KOŃ jaki jest, każdy widzi.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"horse (hoofed mammal, Equus ferus caballus, often used throughout history for riding and draft work)"
],
"id": "en-koń-pl-noun-pl:mammal",
"links": [
[
"horse",
"horse"
],
[
"Equus ferus caballus",
"Equus ferus caballus#Translingual"
]
],
"senseid": [
"pl:mammal"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "pl:Chess",
"parents": [
"Board games",
"Tabletop games",
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 8 5 8 8 11 4 0 0 10 9 1 0 1 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 21 10 0 1 13 12 1 2 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 48 7 1 1 8 7 1 1 5 16",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "pl:Chess",
"parents": [
"Board games",
"Tabletop games",
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 26 10 1 5 7 7 1 6 12 17",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "pl:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 32 15 0 13 0 0 0 0 23 14",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "People",
"orig": "pl:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 38 12 1 3 5 3 2 1 17 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Toys",
"orig": "pl:Toys",
"parents": [
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 15 14 1 4 10 11 1 1 5 20",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Horses",
"orig": "pl:Horses",
"parents": [
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"knight (chess piece, often in the shape of a horse's head, that is moved two squares in one direction and one at right angles to that direction in a single move, leaping over any intervening pieces)"
],
"id": "en-koń-pl-noun-pl:chess",
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"knight",
"knight"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) knight (chess piece, often in the shape of a horse's head, that is moved two squares in one direction and one at right angles to that direction in a single move, leaping over any intervening pieces)"
],
"senseid": [
"pl:chess"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "skoczek"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Gymnastics",
"orig": "pl:Gymnastics",
"parents": [
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 49 1 1 2 1 1 1 20 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Sports equipment",
"orig": "pl:Sports equipment",
"parents": [
"Exercise equipment",
"Sports",
"Tools",
"Exercise",
"Human activity",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 15 14 1 4 10 11 1 1 5 20",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Horses",
"orig": "pl:Horses",
"parents": [
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"horse (piece of equipment with a body on two or four legs, approximately four feet high, sometimes (pommel horse) with two handles on top)"
],
"id": "en-koń-pl-noun-ZpyxDE-j",
"links": [
[
"gymnastics",
"gymnastics"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(gymnastics) horse (piece of equipment with a body on two or four legs, approximately four feet high, sometimes (pommel horse) with two handles on top)"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"gymnastics",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ticket salesperson"
],
"id": "en-koń-pl-noun-NE-suS~h",
"links": [
[
"ticket",
"ticket"
],
[
"salesperson",
"salesperson"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"horse (children's toy resembling a horse)"
],
"id": "en-koń-pl-noun-7~i8hKcs",
"links": [
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 21 10 0 1 13 12 1 2 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 15 14 1 4 10 11 1 1 5 20",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Horses",
"orig": "pl:Horses",
"parents": [
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"horse-drawn carriage"
],
"id": "en-koń-pl-noun-Y0EHeZuA",
"links": [
[
"horse-drawn",
"horse-drawn"
],
[
"carriage",
"carriage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) horse-drawn carriage"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"in-plural",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 21 10 0 1 13 12 1 2 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 15 14 1 4 10 11 1 1 5 20",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Horses",
"orig": "pl:Horses",
"parents": [
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"horserider and horse"
],
"id": "en-koń-pl-noun-Z-s~YTfI",
"links": [
[
"horserider",
"horserider"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, collective) horserider and horse"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"archaic",
"collective",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urban Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Warsaw Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "pl:Education",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"F (bad or failing grade)"
],
"id": "en-koń-pl-noun-R6Swfa-r",
"links": [
[
"education",
"education"
],
[
"school",
"school"
],
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"F",
"F"
]
],
"qualifier": "Warsaw; school slang; Warsaw; school slang",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, education, Warsaw, school slang) F (bad or failing grade)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "jedynka"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"education"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"lazy person"
],
"id": "en-koń-pl-noun-w4J2jljk",
"links": [
[
"lazy",
"lazy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) lazy person"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "leniwiec"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 17 15 1 1 7 6 1 1 31 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Weapons",
"orig": "pl:Weapons",
"parents": [
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a type of siege engine similar to a battering ram"
],
"id": "en-koń-pl-noun-5HEe~o5J",
"links": [
[
"siege engine",
"siege engine#English"
],
[
"battering ram",
"battering ram#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) a type of siege engine similar to a battering ram"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 8 5 8 8 11 4 0 0 10 9 1 0 1 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 21 10 0 1 13 12 1 2 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 7 1 1 14 11 1 2 6 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 16 7 1 1 15 12 1 2 4 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 16 6 0 1 15 12 1 2 4 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 22 10 1 1 5 4 1 1 13 39",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Torture",
"orig": "pl:Torture",
"parents": [
"Violence",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 17 6 1 1 18 10 2 1 5 25",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Vehicles",
"orig": "pl:Vehicles",
"parents": [
"Machines",
"Transport",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 15 14 1 4 10 11 1 1 5 20",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Horses",
"orig": "pl:Horses",
"parents": [
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a type of torture device"
],
"id": "en-koń-pl-noun-rcNbQWWF",
"links": [
[
"torture",
"torture#English"
],
[
"device",
"device#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) a type of torture device"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɔɲ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɔɲ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkoɲ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɲ"
},
{
"homophone": "Koń"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "koń"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Komi:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kpv",
"2": "конь"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Zyrian: конь (koń)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Komi-Zyrian: конь (koń)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "udm",
"2": "кунян",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Udmurt: кунян (kuńan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Udmurt: кунян (kuńan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Beserman: кунянь (kuńań)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "xbo",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "foal"
},
"expansion": "Bulgar [Term?] (“foal”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "xgn-pro",
"3": "*gunan",
"4": "",
"5": "three-year-old"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *gunan (“three-year-old”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Bulgar [Term?] (“foal”), ultimately from Proto-Mongolic *gunan (“three-year-old”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "koń-",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-prm-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "koń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końäs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasäs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końtäk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"caritive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjastäk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"caritive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końlän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjaslän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końliś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasliś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końiś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasiś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końśań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"egressive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasśań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"egressive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końlań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjaslań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końäʒ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasäʒ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "końti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "stem",
"4": "*koń-"
},
"expansion": "*koń (stem *koń-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "urj-prm-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Permic",
"lang_code": "urj-prm-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Permic/koń",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Permic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"calf"
],
"id": "en-koń-urj-prm-pro-noun-cjOr1-oi",
"links": [
[
"calf",
"calf"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "koń"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"pl:Chess",
"pl:Horses",
"pl:Occupations",
"pl:People",
"pl:Sports equipment",
"pl:Torture",
"pl:Toys",
"pl:Vehicles",
"pl:Weapons"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dsb-decl-noun-20",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "koń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "konja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "konje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "konja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "konjowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "konjow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "konjoju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "konjoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "konjam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "konja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "konjowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "konje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "konjow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "konjom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "konjoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "konjami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "konju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "konjoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "konjach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "koń m animal",
"name": "dsb-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "ń",
"animate": "1"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun-20"
}
],
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "kóń"
}
],
"categories": [
"Lower Sorbian animal nouns",
"Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"Lower Sorbian lemmas",
"Lower Sorbian masculine nouns",
"Lower Sorbian nouns",
"Lower Sorbian superseded forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Superseded spelling of kóń."
],
"links": [
[
"kóń",
"kóń#Lower_Sorbian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"animal-not-person",
"archaic",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "koń"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish animal nouns",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish masculine nouns",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"pl:Chess",
"pl:Horses",
"pl:Occupations",
"pl:People",
"pl:Sports equipment",
"pl:Torture",
"pl:Toys",
"pl:Vehicles",
"pl:Weapons",
"zlw-opl:Horses"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dziki koń"
},
{
"word": "konica"
},
{
"word": "koniochrom"
},
{
"word": "koniuch"
},
{
"word": "koniusz"
},
{
"word": "konnik"
},
{
"word": "konny"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzepać konie"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "koń"
},
"expansion": "Polish: koń",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: koń"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "kōń"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: kōń",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: kōń"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kòňь",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kòňь",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kòňь"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kòňь",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kòňь. First attested in the 14th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "konik",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "koniowy",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
]
},
{
"form": "koński",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml",
"aug": "koniowy",
"aug2": "koński",
"dim": "konik"
},
"expansion": "koń m animal (diminutive konik, augmentative koniowy or koński)",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "koniczek"
},
{
"word": "konikowie"
},
{
"word": "koniuszek"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1959 [1386], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 3, Poznań:",
"text": "Czso Krziwosandowi vkradzoni kone, tego Sandziwog vzitka ne ma",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1921 [1466], Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editor, Wolność kmieca na Mazowszu w wieku XV, Masovia, page 39:",
"text": "Jako... ya czeladzy ksadza proboszczowey we dwdzesthu kony nye odbyl gwalthem",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1440, rękopiśmienne ekscerpty - glosy z rozariusza z rękopisu znajdującego się w zbiorach Biblioteki Klasztornej oo. Paulinów na Jasnej Górze pod sygn. II 25 z r. 1444, page 89r:",
"text": "Equirea uel equaria uel equaricia sunt greges equuorum proprie stado cony",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 4r:",
"text": "Adaquare wesseren id est ad aquam ducere konye napogycz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 10v:",
"text": "Antela est cingulus vel quod ante pectus equi tenditur eyn vorbog an eynem sattel pothpaszny pasz v konyą vel pothpyerszny pasz",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"horse (hoofed mammal, Equus ferus caballus, often used throughout history for riding and draft work)"
],
"links": [
[
"horse",
"horse"
],
[
"Equus ferus caballus",
"Equus ferus caballus#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) horse (hoofed mammal, Equus ferus caballus, often used throughout history for riding and draft work)"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"pile, heap, stack"
],
"links": [
[
"pile",
"pile"
],
[
"heap",
"heap"
],
[
"stack",
"stack"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Kuyavia Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1878-1889 [1241], Archiwum Komisji Historycznej, volume IV, Kujavia, Masovia, page 35:",
"text": "A superiori riuulo, ubi con seu cumulus lapidum vlg. nuncupatus",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"corruption of Latin cōnus"
],
"links": [
[
"cōnus",
"conus#Latin"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Kuyavia",
"raw_glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"(attested in Kuyavia, Masovia) corruption of Latin cōnus"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɔ(ː)ɲ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔɲ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/koɲ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "koń"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔɲ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔɲ/1 syllable",
"pl:Chess",
"pl:Horses",
"pl:Occupations",
"pl:People",
"pl:Sports equipment",
"pl:Torture",
"pl:Toys",
"pl:Vehicles",
"pl:Weapons"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bezkonny"
},
{
"word": "konny"
},
{
"word": "co koń wyskoczy"
},
{
"word": "czarny koń"
},
{
"word": "dzień konia"
},
{
"word": "konia z rzędem"
},
{
"word": "konitrut"
},
{
"word": "koń angielski"
},
{
"word": "koń arabski"
},
{
"word": "koń huculski"
},
{
"word": "koń mechaniczny"
},
{
"word": "koń pod wierzch"
},
{
"word": "koń siodłowy"
},
{
"word": "koń śląski"
},
{
"word": "koń trojański"
},
{
"word": "rozstawne konie"
},
{
"word": "stary koń"
},
{
"word": "koń by się uśmiał"
},
{
"word": "można konie kraść"
},
{
"word": "poszły konie po betonie"
},
{
"word": "baba z wozu, koniom lżej"
},
{
"word": "darowanemu koniowi nie patrzy się w zęby"
},
{
"word": "jeśli spaść, to z wysokiego konia"
},
{
"word": "konia kują, a żaba nogę podstawia"
},
{
"word": "koń ma cztery nogi i też się potknie"
},
{
"word": "koń ma duży łeb, niech się martwi"
},
{
"word": "królestwo za konia"
},
{
"word": "Łaska pańska na pstrym koniu jeździ"
},
{
"word": "pańskie oko konia tuczy"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kopać się z koniem"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "postawić na dobrego konia"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "stawiać na dobrego konia"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "postawić na złego konia"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "stawiać na złego konia"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "postawić wóz przed koniem"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "stawiać wóz przed koniem"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zjeść konia z kopytami"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "znać się jak łyse konie"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zrobić w konia"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "robić w konia"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zwalić konia"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "walić konia"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "koń",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish koń",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "koń"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish koń",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish koń.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "konik",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "konisko",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
]
},
{
"form": "koński",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "koń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "konie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "konia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koniowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koniom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "konia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "konie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koniem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koniu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koniach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koniu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "konie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml",
"adj": "koński",
"aug": "konisko",
"dim": "konik"
},
"expansion": "koń m animal (diminutive konik, augmentative konisko, related adjective koński)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"koń"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"insp": "końmi"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "król"
},
{
"word": "hetman"
},
{
"word": "królowa"
},
{
"word": "królówka"
},
{
"word": "dama"
},
{
"word": "wieża"
},
{
"word": "goniec"
},
{
"word": "laufer"
},
{
"word": "giermek"
},
{
"word": "skoczek"
},
{
"word": "konik"
},
{
"word": "pion"
},
{
"word": "pionek"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "HORSE as it is everyone can see/everyone can see what it is.",
"ref": "1745-1746, Benedykt Joachim Chmielowski, Nowe Ateny, page 475:",
"text": "KOŃ jaki jest, każdy widzi.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"horse (hoofed mammal, Equus ferus caballus, often used throughout history for riding and draft work)"
],
"links": [
[
"horse",
"horse"
],
[
"Equus ferus caballus",
"Equus ferus caballus#Translingual"
]
],
"senseid": [
"pl:mammal"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Chess"
],
"glosses": [
"knight (chess piece, often in the shape of a horse's head, that is moved two squares in one direction and one at right angles to that direction in a single move, leaping over any intervening pieces)"
],
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"knight",
"knight"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) knight (chess piece, often in the shape of a horse's head, that is moved two squares in one direction and one at right angles to that direction in a single move, leaping over any intervening pieces)"
],
"senseid": [
"pl:chess"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "skoczek"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Gymnastics"
],
"glosses": [
"horse (piece of equipment with a body on two or four legs, approximately four feet high, sometimes (pommel horse) with two handles on top)"
],
"links": [
[
"gymnastics",
"gymnastics"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(gymnastics) horse (piece of equipment with a body on two or four legs, approximately four feet high, sometimes (pommel horse) with two handles on top)"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"gymnastics",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ticket salesperson"
],
"links": [
[
"ticket",
"ticket"
],
[
"salesperson",
"salesperson"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"horse (children's toy resembling a horse)"
],
"links": [
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"horse-drawn carriage"
],
"links": [
[
"horse-drawn",
"horse-drawn"
],
[
"carriage",
"carriage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) horse-drawn carriage"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"in-plural",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish collective nouns",
"Polish terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"horserider and horse"
],
"links": [
[
"horserider",
"horserider"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, collective) horserider and horse"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"archaic",
"collective",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish school slang",
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Urban Polish",
"Warsaw Polish",
"pl:Education"
],
"glosses": [
"F (bad or failing grade)"
],
"links": [
[
"education",
"education"
],
[
"school",
"school"
],
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"F",
"F"
]
],
"qualifier": "Warsaw; school slang; Warsaw; school slang",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, education, Warsaw, school slang) F (bad or failing grade)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "jedynka"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"education"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"lazy person"
],
"links": [
[
"lazy",
"lazy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) lazy person"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "leniwiec"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"a type of siege engine similar to a battering ram"
],
"links": [
[
"siege engine",
"siege engine#English"
],
[
"battering ram",
"battering ram#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) a type of siege engine similar to a battering ram"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"a type of torture device"
],
"links": [
[
"torture",
"torture#English"
],
[
"device",
"device#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) a type of torture device"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɔɲ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɔɲ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkoɲ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɲ"
},
{
"homophone": "Koń"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "koń"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Komi:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kpv",
"2": "конь"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Zyrian: конь (koń)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Komi-Zyrian: конь (koń)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "udm",
"2": "кунян",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Udmurt: кунян (kuńan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Udmurt: кунян (kuńan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Beserman: кунянь (kuńań)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "xbo",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "foal"
},
"expansion": "Bulgar [Term?] (“foal”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "xgn-pro",
"3": "*gunan",
"4": "",
"5": "three-year-old"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *gunan (“three-year-old”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Bulgar [Term?] (“foal”), ultimately from Proto-Mongolic *gunan (“three-year-old”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "koń-",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-prm-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "koń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końäs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasäs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końtäk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"caritive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjastäk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"caritive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końlän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjaslän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końliś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasliś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końiś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasiś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końśań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"egressive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasśań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"egressive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końlań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "końjaslań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "końäʒ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasäʒ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "końti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "końjasti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "stem",
"4": "*koń-"
},
"expansion": "*koń (stem *koń-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "urj-prm-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Permic",
"lang_code": "urj-prm-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Permic/koń",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bulgar term requests",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Permic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Permic lemmas",
"Proto-Permic nouns",
"Proto-Permic terms borrowed from Bulgar",
"Proto-Permic terms derived from Bulgar",
"Proto-Permic terms derived from Proto-Mongolic",
"urj-prm-pro:Baby animals",
"urj-prm-pro:Cattle"
],
"glosses": [
"calf"
],
"links": [
[
"calf",
"calf"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "koń"
}
Download raw JSONL data for koń meaning in All languages combined (21.5kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Greater Poland, Masovia",
"path": [
"koń"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "koń",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Greater Poland, Masovia",
"path": [
"koń"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "koń",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Kuyavia, Masovia",
"path": [
"koń"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "koń",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Kuyavia, Masovia",
"path": [
"koń"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "koń",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.