See irony on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for irony meaning in All languages combined (37.5kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dramatic irony"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "irony mark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ironic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ironical"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ironist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "post-irony"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Socratic irony"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "ironie"
},
"expansion": "Middle French ironie",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "īrōnīa"
},
"expansion": "Latin īrōnīa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "εἰρωνεία",
"4": "",
"5": "irony, pretext"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek εἰρωνεία (eirōneía, “irony, pretext”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἴρων",
"3": "",
"4": "one who feigns ignorance"
},
"expansion": "εἴρων (eírōn, “one who feigns ignorance”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in 1502. From Middle French ironie, from Old French, from Latin īrōnīa, from Ancient Greek εἰρωνεία (eirōneía, “irony, pretext”), from εἴρων (eírōn, “one who feigns ignorance”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ironies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "irony (countable and uncountable, plural ironies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ironically"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Rhetoric",
"orig": "en:Rhetoric",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 22 22 18 20 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 25 25 14 21 13",
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"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
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"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 25 25 16 17 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 23 23 14 25 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -y",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 20 10 18 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Iron",
"orig": "en:Iron",
"parents": [
"Transition metals",
"Chemical elements",
"Metals",
"Matter",
"Metallurgy",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Technology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The quality of a statement that, when taken in context, may actually mean something different from, or the opposite of, what is written literally; the use of words expressing something other than their literal intention, often in a humorous context."
],
"id": "en-irony-en-noun-en:humour",
"links": [
[
"rhetoric",
"rhetoric"
],
[
"statement",
"statement"
],
[
"opposite",
"opposite"
],
[
"literally",
"literally"
],
[
"humorous context",
"humour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rhetoric) The quality of a statement that, when taken in context, may actually mean something different from, or the opposite of, what is written literally; the use of words expressing something other than their literal intention, often in a humorous context."
],
"senseid": [
"en:humour"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"rhetoric",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Rhetoric",
"orig": "en:Rhetoric",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 22 22 18 20 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 25 25 14 21 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
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"Entry maintenance"
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},
{
"_dis": "1 25 25 16 17 15",
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "1 23 23 14 25 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -y",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 20 10 18 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Iron",
"orig": "en:Iron",
"parents": [
"Transition metals",
"Chemical elements",
"Metals",
"Matter",
"Metallurgy",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Technology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The quality of a statement that, when taken in context, may actually mean something different from, or the opposite of, what is written literally; the use of words expressing something other than their literal intention, often in a humorous context.",
"An ironic statement."
],
"id": "en-irony-en-noun-en:humour1",
"links": [
[
"rhetoric",
"rhetoric"
],
[
"statement",
"statement"
],
[
"opposite",
"opposite"
],
[
"literally",
"literally"
],
[
"humorous context",
"humour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rhetoric) The quality of a statement that, when taken in context, may actually mean something different from, or the opposite of, what is written literally; the use of words expressing something other than their literal intention, often in a humorous context.",
"(countable) An ironic statement."
],
"senseid": [
"en:humour"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"rhetoric"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 22 22 18 20 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 25 25 14 21 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 25 25 16 17 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 23 23 14 25 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -y",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 20 10 18 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Iron",
"orig": "en:Iron",
"parents": [
"Transition metals",
"Chemical elements",
"Metals",
"Matter",
"Metallurgy",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Technology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Dramatic irony: a theatrical effect in which the meaning of a situation, or some incongruity in the plot, is understood by the audience, but not by the characters in the play."
],
"id": "en-irony-en-noun-xblWyjtz",
"links": [
[
"Dramatic irony",
"dramatic irony"
],
[
"theatrical",
"theatrical"
],
[
"effect",
"effect"
],
[
"situation",
"situation"
],
[
"incongruity",
"incongruity"
],
[
"plot",
"plot"
],
[
"understood",
"understood"
],
[
"audience",
"audience"
],
[
"character",
"character"
],
[
"play",
"play"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 18 17 32 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 22 22 18 20 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 21 21 13 31 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 25 25 14 21 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "1 25 25 16 17 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 23 23 14 25 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -y",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 20 10 18 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Iron",
"orig": "en:Iron",
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"Transition metals",
"Chemical elements",
"Metals",
"Matter",
"Metallurgy",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Technology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Socratic irony: ignorance feigned for the purpose of confounding or provoking an antagonist."
],
"id": "en-irony-en-noun-8XxuSRe-",
"links": [
[
"Socratic irony",
"Socratic irony"
],
[
"feigned",
"feign"
],
[
"confound",
"confound"
],
[
"provoking",
"provoke"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 22 22 18 20 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 25 25 14 21 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 25 25 16 17 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 23 23 14 25 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -y",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 20 10 18 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Iron",
"orig": "en:Iron",
"parents": [
"Transition metals",
"Chemical elements",
"Metals",
"Matter",
"Metallurgy",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Technology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Contradiction between circumstances and expectations; condition contrary to what might be expected."
],
"id": "en-irony-en-noun-CFyWqg9Q",
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) Contradiction between circumstances and expectations; condition contrary to what might be expected."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"informal",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "irónija",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "іро́нія"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "irónija",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "иро́ния"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironie"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ironi"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironie"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "het ironische"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironie du sort"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ironie"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "eironeía",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ειρωνεία"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "viḍambnā",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"word": "विडंबना"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ironija",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "иронија"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"word": "skjebnens ironi"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironie"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "irónija",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "иро́ния"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "иро̀нија"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "irònija"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "irónia"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironija"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironía"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ironi"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"word": "ironi"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 11 9 51",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "irónija",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "іро́нія"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈaɪə.ɹən.i/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈaɪ.ɹə.ni/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈaɪ.ɚ.ni/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-irony-2.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/En-us-irony-2.ogg/En-us-irony-2.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/En-us-irony-2.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-irony.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-irony.ogg/En-us-irony.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-irony.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-irony.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/12/En-au-irony.ogg/En-au-irony.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/En-au-irony.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironi"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "ase",
"lang": "American Sign Language",
"note": "Corna@Nose-Corna@@SideChesthigh Corna@RadialHand-Corna@CenterChesthigh",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "suḵriya",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "سُخْرِيَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "ar",
"english": "paradox",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mufāraqa",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مُفَارَقَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "ar",
"english": "satire",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "tahakkum",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "تَهَكُّم"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "ar",
"english": "discrepancy",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "taʕāruḍ",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَعَارُض"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "ar",
"english": "incongruity",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "tanāfur",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَنَافُر"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "istihzāʔ",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "اِسْتِهْزَاء"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hegnankʿ",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "հեգնանք"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ironia",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "իրոնիա"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "istehza"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "rişxənd"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "kinayə"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "irónija",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "іро́нія"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "irónija",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "иро́ния"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "反語"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fǎnyǔ",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "反语"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "反話"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fǎnhuà",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "反话"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "諷刺"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "cmn",
"english": "satire",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fěngcì",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "讽刺"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironie"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ironi"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironie"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ironio"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "iroonia"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironie"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironía"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "retranca"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ironia",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ირონია"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ironie"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "eironeía",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ειρωνεία"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "irónya",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "אִירוֹנְיָה"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "viḍambanā",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "विडम्बना"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "viḍambnā",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "विडंबना"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "vyaṅgya",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "व्यंग्य"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "irónia"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "írónía"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "íoróin"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "paradosso"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"alt": "はんご",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hango",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "反語"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"alt": "ふうし",
"code": "ja",
"english": "satire",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "fūshi",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "諷刺"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "aironī",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "アイロニー"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "ironiä",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ирония"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"alt": "反語",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "baneo",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "반어"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"alt": "諷刺",
"code": "ko",
"english": "satire",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "pungja",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "풍자"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "ironiya",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ирония"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironija"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironija"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ironija",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "иронија"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "kōrero takahiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "kōrori"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ironi"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ironi"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "govâže",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "گواژه"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "estehzâ",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "استهزا"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "kenâye",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "کنایه"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "rišxand",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ریشخند"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironie"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "irónija",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "иро́ния"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "иро̀нија"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "irònija"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "irónia"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironija"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironía"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ironi"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "libak"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "parikala"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "istehzo",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "истеҳзо"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "rišxand",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ришханд"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "kinoya",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "киноя"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gaan-fɛ̌ɛng-nai",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "การแฝงนัย"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kam-dɛ̀ɛk-dan",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "คำแดกดัน"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kam-tàak-tǎang",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "คำถากถาง"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kam-bprà-chót",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "คำประชด"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kam-bprà-chót-bprà-chan",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "คำประชดประชัน"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "th",
"english": "mockery",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kam-yə́əi-yǎn",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "คำเย้ยหยัน"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "tezat"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ironi"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "istihza"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "irónija",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "іро́нія"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "istehzā",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "اِسْتِہْزا"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "ironiye",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ئىرونىيە"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "kinaye",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "كىنايە"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "tene",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "تەنە"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "istehzo"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "kinoya"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ironiya"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "giống thép"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 44 2 2 8",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "giống gang"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"irony"
],
"word": "irony"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "iron"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "iron",
"3": "y"
},
"expansion": "iron + -y",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table iron + -y",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more irony",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most irony",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "irony (comparative more irony, superlative most irony)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 20 20 10 18 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Iron",
"orig": "en:Iron",
"parents": [
"Transition metals",
"Chemical elements",
"Metals",
"Matter",
"Metallurgy",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Technology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1860, William Somerville Orr, The Circle of the Sciences, page 269",
"text": "Thus in Cornwall, and many parts of Germany and France, in mineral districts, an irony appearance of a vein, where seen at the crop, is regarded as favourable.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1916, Report, volume 24, New Hampshire. State Department of Health, page 256",
"text": "E. W. Baker, Main St. - No odor, good appearance, slight irony taste; pressure weak. But water which had stood in wash pitcher some three or four days showed pronounced odor.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1919, William Cowper Brann, The Complete Works of Brann, the Iconoclast, volume 11, page 41",
"text": "There can be no doubt that persistent biking robs the female limb of its graceful contour and substitutes therefore the rugged protrusive muscles, the ungainly and irony look of the masculine leg.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1927, “Minutes of Evidence Taken Before the Royal Commission on Agriculture”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), Great Britain. Royal Commission on Agriculture in India, page 210",
"text": "It [overgrazing] eventually causes a particularly hard irony surface to the soil which is perfectly unmistakable once you have seen it , and also certain weeds which are also unmistakable once you have seen them.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Jenny Joseph, Led By The Nose: A Garden of Smells",
"text": "Raspberries raw, stewing, jamming, pulping, take over my house during July, overlaying the richer, more irony smell of the blackcurrant – a contralto to a soprano.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Shazia Ameerun, A First Move",
"text": "There was nothing left, besides just the pile of files on my desk, and the irony look on Catherine's face.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"text": "The food had an irony taste to it."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to the metal iron."
],
"id": "en-irony-en-adj-L94sH39R",
"links": [
[
"metal",
"metal"
],
[
"iron",
"iron"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ferric"
},
{
"word": "ferrous"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "železen",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"word": "железен"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"word": "ijzerachtig"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"word": "ijzerhoudend"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"word": "ferreux"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "siderénios",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "σιδερένιος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "sidiroús",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "σιδηρούς"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"word": "vasas"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żelazny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"word": "ferroso"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "feros"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"word": "železový"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"word": "železitý"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"word": "železný"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"word": "férreo"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈaɪə.ni/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈaɪ.ɚ.ni/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-irony.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-irony.ogg/En-us-irony.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-irony.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "irony"
}
{
"categories": [
"American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts",
"English 3-syllable words",
"English 4-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms suffixed with -y",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Requests for review of Aragonese translations",
"Requests for review of Basque translations",
"Requests for review of Breton translations",
"Requests for review of Esperanto translations",
"Requests for review of Estonian translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Latvian translations",
"Requests for review of Lithuanian translations",
"Requests for review of Occitan translations",
"en:Iron"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dramatic irony"
},
{
"word": "irony mark"
},
{
"word": "ironic"
},
{
"word": "ironical"
},
{
"word": "ironist"
},
{
"word": "post-irony"
},
{
"word": "Socratic irony"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "ironie"
},
"expansion": "Middle French ironie",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "īrōnīa"
},
"expansion": "Latin īrōnīa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "εἰρωνεία",
"4": "",
"5": "irony, pretext"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek εἰρωνεία (eirōneía, “irony, pretext”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἴρων",
"3": "",
"4": "one who feigns ignorance"
},
"expansion": "εἴρων (eírōn, “one who feigns ignorance”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in 1502. From Middle French ironie, from Old French, from Latin īrōnīa, from Ancient Greek εἰρωνεία (eirōneía, “irony, pretext”), from εἴρων (eírōn, “one who feigns ignorance”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ironies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "irony (countable and uncountable, plural ironies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "ironically"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
"Undetermined terms with quotations",
"en:Rhetoric"
],
"glosses": [
"The quality of a statement that, when taken in context, may actually mean something different from, or the opposite of, what is written literally; the use of words expressing something other than their literal intention, often in a humorous context."
],
"links": [
[
"rhetoric",
"rhetoric"
],
[
"statement",
"statement"
],
[
"opposite",
"opposite"
],
[
"literally",
"literally"
],
[
"humorous context",
"humour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rhetoric) The quality of a statement that, when taken in context, may actually mean something different from, or the opposite of, what is written literally; the use of words expressing something other than their literal intention, often in a humorous context."
],
"senseid": [
"en:humour"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"rhetoric",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
"Undetermined terms with quotations",
"en:Rhetoric"
],
"glosses": [
"The quality of a statement that, when taken in context, may actually mean something different from, or the opposite of, what is written literally; the use of words expressing something other than their literal intention, often in a humorous context.",
"An ironic statement."
],
"links": [
[
"rhetoric",
"rhetoric"
],
[
"statement",
"statement"
],
[
"opposite",
"opposite"
],
[
"literally",
"literally"
],
[
"humorous context",
"humour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rhetoric) The quality of a statement that, when taken in context, may actually mean something different from, or the opposite of, what is written literally; the use of words expressing something other than their literal intention, often in a humorous context.",
"(countable) An ironic statement."
],
"senseid": [
"en:humour"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"rhetoric"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Dramatic irony: a theatrical effect in which the meaning of a situation, or some incongruity in the plot, is understood by the audience, but not by the characters in the play."
],
"links": [
[
"Dramatic irony",
"dramatic irony"
],
[
"theatrical",
"theatrical"
],
[
"effect",
"effect"
],
[
"situation",
"situation"
],
[
"incongruity",
"incongruity"
],
[
"plot",
"plot"
],
[
"understood",
"understood"
],
[
"audience",
"audience"
],
[
"character",
"character"
],
[
"play",
"play"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Socratic irony: ignorance feigned for the purpose of confounding or provoking an antagonist."
],
"links": [
[
"Socratic irony",
"Socratic irony"
],
[
"feigned",
"feign"
],
[
"confound",
"confound"
],
[
"provoking",
"provoke"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Contradiction between circumstances and expectations; condition contrary to what might be expected."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) Contradiction between circumstances and expectations; condition contrary to what might be expected."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"informal",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈaɪə.ɹən.i/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈaɪ.ɹə.ni/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈaɪ.ɚ.ni/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-irony-2.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/En-us-irony-2.ogg/En-us-irony-2.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/En-us-irony-2.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-irony.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-irony.ogg/En-us-irony.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-irony.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-irony.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/12/En-au-irony.ogg/En-au-irony.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/En-au-irony.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironi"
},
{
"code": "ase",
"lang": "American Sign Language",
"note": "Corna@Nose-Corna@@SideChesthigh Corna@RadialHand-Corna@CenterChesthigh",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "suḵriya",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "سُخْرِيَة"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"english": "paradox",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mufāraqa",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مُفَارَقَة"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"english": "satire",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "tahakkum",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "تَهَكُّم"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"english": "discrepancy",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "taʕāruḍ",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَعَارُض"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"english": "incongruity",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "tanāfur",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَنَافُر"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "istihzāʔ",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "اِسْتِهْزَاء"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hegnankʿ",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "հեգնանք"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ironia",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "իրոնիա"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "istehza"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "rişxənd"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "kinayə"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "irónija",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "іро́нія"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "irónija",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "иро́ния"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "反語"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fǎnyǔ",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "反语"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "反話"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fǎnhuà",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "反话"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "諷刺"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"english": "satire",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fěngcì",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "讽刺"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironie"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ironi"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironie"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ironio"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "iroonia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironie"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironía"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "retranca"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ironia",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ირონია"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ironie"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "eironeía",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ειρωνεία"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "irónya",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "אִירוֹנְיָה"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "viḍambanā",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "विडम्बना"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "viḍambnā",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "विडंबना"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "vyaṅgya",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "व्यंग्य"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "irónia"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "írónía"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "íoróin"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "paradosso"
},
{
"alt": "はんご",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hango",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "反語"
},
{
"alt": "ふうし",
"code": "ja",
"english": "satire",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "fūshi",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "諷刺"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "aironī",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "アイロニー"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "ironiä",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ирония"
},
{
"alt": "反語",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "baneo",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "반어"
},
{
"alt": "諷刺",
"code": "ko",
"english": "satire",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "pungja",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "풍자"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "ironiya",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ирония"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironija"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironija"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ironija",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "иронија"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "kōrero takahiri"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "kōrori"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ironi"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ironi"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "govâže",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "گواژه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "estehzâ",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "استهزا"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "kenâye",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "کنایه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "rišxand",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ریشخند"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "irónija",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "иро́ния"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "иро̀нија"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "irònija"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "irónia"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironija"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironía"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ironi"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "libak"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "parikala"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "istehzo",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "истеҳзо"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "rišxand",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ришханд"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "kinoya",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "киноя"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gaan-fɛ̌ɛng-nai",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "การแฝงนัย"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kam-dɛ̀ɛk-dan",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "คำแดกดัน"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kam-tàak-tǎang",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "คำถากถาง"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kam-bprà-chót",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "คำประชด"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kam-bprà-chót-bprà-chan",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "คำประชดประชัน"
},
{
"code": "th",
"english": "mockery",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kam-yə́əi-yǎn",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "คำเย้ยหยัน"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "tezat"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ironi"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "istihza"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "irónija",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "іро́нія"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "istehzā",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "اِسْتِہْزا"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "ironiye",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ئىرونىيە"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "kinaye",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "كىنايە"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "tene",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "تەنە"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "istehzo"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "kinoya"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "ironiya"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "giống thép"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally",
"word": "giống gang"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "irónija",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "іро́нія"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "irónija",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "иро́ния"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironie"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ironi"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironie"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "het ironische"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironie du sort"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ironie"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "eironeía",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ειρωνεία"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "viḍambnā",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"word": "विडंबना"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ironija",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "иронија"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"word": "skjebnens ironi"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironia"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "irónija",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "иро́ния"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "иро̀нија"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "irònija"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "irónia"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironija"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ironía"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ironi"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"word": "ironi"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "irónija",
"sense": "condition contrary to expectations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "іро́нія"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"irony"
],
"word": "irony"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English terms suffixed with -y",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"en:Iron"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "iron"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "iron",
"3": "y"
},
"expansion": "iron + -y",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table iron + -y",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more irony",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most irony",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "irony (comparative more irony, superlative most irony)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1860, William Somerville Orr, The Circle of the Sciences, page 269",
"text": "Thus in Cornwall, and many parts of Germany and France, in mineral districts, an irony appearance of a vein, where seen at the crop, is regarded as favourable.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1916, Report, volume 24, New Hampshire. State Department of Health, page 256",
"text": "E. W. Baker, Main St. - No odor, good appearance, slight irony taste; pressure weak. But water which had stood in wash pitcher some three or four days showed pronounced odor.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1919, William Cowper Brann, The Complete Works of Brann, the Iconoclast, volume 11, page 41",
"text": "There can be no doubt that persistent biking robs the female limb of its graceful contour and substitutes therefore the rugged protrusive muscles, the ungainly and irony look of the masculine leg.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1927, “Minutes of Evidence Taken Before the Royal Commission on Agriculture”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), Great Britain. Royal Commission on Agriculture in India, page 210",
"text": "It [overgrazing] eventually causes a particularly hard irony surface to the soil which is perfectly unmistakable once you have seen it , and also certain weeds which are also unmistakable once you have seen them.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Jenny Joseph, Led By The Nose: A Garden of Smells",
"text": "Raspberries raw, stewing, jamming, pulping, take over my house during July, overlaying the richer, more irony smell of the blackcurrant – a contralto to a soprano.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Shazia Ameerun, A First Move",
"text": "There was nothing left, besides just the pile of files on my desk, and the irony look on Catherine's face.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"text": "The food had an irony taste to it."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to the metal iron."
],
"links": [
[
"metal",
"metal"
],
[
"iron",
"iron"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈaɪə.ni/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈaɪ.ɚ.ni/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-irony.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-irony.ogg/En-us-irony.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-irony.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ferric"
},
{
"word": "ferrous"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "železen",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"word": "железен"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"word": "ijzerachtig"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"word": "ijzerhoudend"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"word": "ferreux"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "siderénios",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "σιδερένιος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "sidiroús",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "σιδηρούς"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"word": "vasas"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żelazny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"word": "ferroso"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "feros"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"word": "železový"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"word": "železitý"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"word": "železný"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to iron",
"word": "férreo"
}
],
"word": "irony"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.