See ils on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_text": "Plural formed from il.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ils",
"tags": [
"postpositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "pronoun",
"3": "postpositive",
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"g": "m-p"
},
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"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Franco-Provençal entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"name": "Franco-Provençal pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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"parents": [],
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],
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"they (third-person plural masculine nominative)"
],
"id": "en-ils-frp-pron-ava-DHhc",
"links": [
[
"they",
"they"
]
],
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{
"word": "1st person"
},
{
"word": "jo"
},
{
"word": "mè"
},
{
"word": "min"
},
{
"word": "2nd person"
},
{
"word": "te"
},
{
"word": "tè"
},
{
"word": "tin"
},
{
"word": "3rd person masculine"
},
{
"word": "il"
},
{
"word": "lo"
},
{
"word": "le"
},
{
"word": "lui"
},
{
"word": "sin"
},
{
"word": "3rd person feminine"
},
{
"word": "el"
},
{
"word": "la"
},
{
"word": "lyé"
},
{
"word": "3rd person neuter"
},
{
"word": "o"
},
{
"word": "y"
},
{
"word": "—"
},
{
"word": "3rd person reflexive"
},
{
"word": "sè"
},
{
"word": "nos"
},
{
"word": "noutro"
},
{
"word": "vos"
},
{
"word": "voutro"
},
{
"word": "los"
},
{
"word": "les"
},
{
"word": "lor"
},
{
"word": "els"
},
{
"word": "lyés"
},
{
"word": "1 Disjunctive"
},
{
"word": "object of a preposition"
},
{
"word": "2 Generally preceded by a definite article"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "ils"
}
{
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{
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},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
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"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin illī",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "VL.",
"3": "illī"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Vulgar Latin illī",
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{
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{
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"expansion": "Norman i",
"name": "cog"
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "Picard is",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"expansion": "Franco-Provençal ils",
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"args": {
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"2": "els"
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"expansion": "Occitan els",
"name": "cog"
},
{
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},
"expansion": "Gascon eus",
"name": "cog"
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{
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"expansion": "Catalan ells",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "elli"
},
"expansion": "Corsican elli",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Vulgar Latin illī, which sounded il in Old French, to which a plural -s was added. While il was the nominative form from late Latin, els, eus was the oblique form (\"them\") that had evolved from late Latin illōs, and is the ancestor of modern French eux.\nIn Old French, \"they\", being a nominative, was il from late Latin *illi, thus it didn't have the final -s, thus it was il used both for \"he\" and \"they\". The -s was added at the end of the 13th century in some regions, at the time the declension system of Old French started to collapse. As a consequence, some oïl languages in France have retained the original Old French il-form, and in some other regions, the ils-form supplanted the older one. Some dialects have even retained both forms depending on the locals.\nSee cognates in regional languages in France: Angevin, Champenois, Lorrain, and Orléanais is; Bourbonnais-Berrichon ils; Bourguignon âs; Franc-Comtois and Poitevin-Saintongeais és; Gallo i and iz; Norman i and is; Picard is and i; Franco-Provençal ils; Occitan els (Gascon eus); Catalan ells; Corsican elli.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "il",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "les",
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
{
"form": "leur",
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
{
"form": "eux",
"tags": [
"emphatic"
]
},
{
"form": "leur",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"possessive"
]
}
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"3": "third-person plural",
"4": "",
"5": "singular",
"6": "il",
"7": "accusative",
"8": "les",
"9": "dative",
"cat2": "personal pronouns",
"g": "m-p"
},
"expansion": "ils m pl (third-person plural, singular il, accusative les, dative leur, emphatic eux, possessive determiner leur)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "je"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "j’"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "me"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "m’"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "—"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "moi"
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{
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "il"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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{
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{
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"word": "y"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "en"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "la"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "on1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "se"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "s’4"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "soi4"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vous2"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "3"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ils3"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "leur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "eux3"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "elles"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "1 Also used as the first person plural"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "2 Also used as the polite singular form"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "3 Also used when a group has both men and women"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "4 Also used as third person plural reflexive"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [
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"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "70 30",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
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],
"glosses": [
"they (male or mixed group)"
],
"id": "en-ils-fr-pron-6JKHYpHI",
"links": [
[
"they",
"they"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Quebec French",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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],
"glosses": [
"they (female)"
],
"id": "en-ils-fr-pron-gfiOamrw",
"links": [
[
"they",
"they"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Quebec, informal) they (female)"
],
"tags": [
"Quebec",
"informal",
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/il/"
},
{
"ipa": "/il.z‿/"
},
{
"ipa": "/i/"
},
{
"ipa": "/i.z‿/"
},
{
"ipa": "/i/",
"tags": [
"Quebec"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/j/",
"note": "prevocalic",
"tags": [
"Quebec"
]
},
{
"audio": "Fr-ils.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/Fr-ils.ogg/Fr-ils.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Fr-ils.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "île"
},
{
"homophone": "il"
}
],
"word": "ils"
}
{
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{
"args": {
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"2": "noun form"
},
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"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
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{
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{
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w"
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],
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{
"word": "il"
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],
"glosses": [
"indefinite genitive singular of il"
],
"id": "en-ils-sv-noun-tcgM2ez3",
"links": [
[
"il",
"il#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "ils"
}
{
"etymology_text": "Plural formed from il.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ils",
"tags": [
"postpositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "postpositive",
"4": "-ils",
"g": "m-p"
},
"expansion": "ils m pl (postpositive -ils)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "1st person"
},
{
"word": "jo"
},
{
"word": "mè"
},
{
"word": "min"
},
{
"word": "2nd person"
},
{
"word": "te"
},
{
"word": "tè"
},
{
"word": "tin"
},
{
"word": "3rd person masculine"
},
{
"word": "il"
},
{
"word": "lo"
},
{
"word": "le"
},
{
"word": "lui"
},
{
"word": "sin"
},
{
"word": "3rd person feminine"
},
{
"word": "el"
},
{
"word": "la"
},
{
"word": "lyé"
},
{
"word": "3rd person neuter"
},
{
"word": "o"
},
{
"word": "y"
},
{
"word": "—"
},
{
"word": "3rd person reflexive"
},
{
"word": "sè"
},
{
"word": "nos"
},
{
"word": "noutro"
},
{
"word": "vos"
},
{
"word": "voutro"
},
{
"word": "los"
},
{
"word": "les"
},
{
"word": "lor"
},
{
"word": "els"
},
{
"word": "lyés"
},
{
"word": "1 Disjunctive"
},
{
"word": "object of a preposition"
},
{
"word": "2 Generally preceded by a definite article"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"Franco-Provençal lemmas",
"Franco-Provençal pronouns",
"ORB, broad",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"they (third-person plural masculine nominative)"
],
"links": [
[
"they",
"they"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "ils"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French personal pronouns",
"French pronouns",
"French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with homophones",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
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{
"args": {
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"3": "illī",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin illī",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "illī"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Vulgar Latin illī",
"name": "inh+"
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{
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"name": "cog"
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"2": "ils"
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"name": "cog"
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{
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{
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"expansion": "Franc-Comtois and Poitevin-Saintongeais és",
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{
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"expansion": "Norman i",
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{
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"expansion": "Picard is",
"name": "cog"
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "Franco-Provençal ils",
"name": "cog"
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"expansion": "Occitan els",
"name": "cog"
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{
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"expansion": "Gascon eus",
"name": "cog"
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{
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"expansion": "Catalan ells",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "elli"
},
"expansion": "Corsican elli",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Vulgar Latin illī, which sounded il in Old French, to which a plural -s was added. While il was the nominative form from late Latin, els, eus was the oblique form (\"them\") that had evolved from late Latin illōs, and is the ancestor of modern French eux.\nIn Old French, \"they\", being a nominative, was il from late Latin *illi, thus it didn't have the final -s, thus it was il used both for \"he\" and \"they\". The -s was added at the end of the 13th century in some regions, at the time the declension system of Old French started to collapse. As a consequence, some oïl languages in France have retained the original Old French il-form, and in some other regions, the ils-form supplanted the older one. Some dialects have even retained both forms depending on the locals.\nSee cognates in regional languages in France: Angevin, Champenois, Lorrain, and Orléanais is; Bourbonnais-Berrichon ils; Bourguignon âs; Franc-Comtois and Poitevin-Saintongeais és; Gallo i and iz; Norman i and is; Picard is and i; Franco-Provençal ils; Occitan els (Gascon eus); Catalan ells; Corsican elli.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "il",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "les",
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
{
"form": "leur",
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
{
"form": "eux",
"tags": [
"emphatic"
]
},
{
"form": "leur",
"tags": [
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"possessive"
]
}
],
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"10": "leur",
"11": "emphatic",
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"13": "possessive determiner",
"14": "leur",
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"3": "third-person plural",
"4": "",
"5": "singular",
"6": "il",
"7": "accusative",
"8": "les",
"9": "dative",
"cat2": "personal pronouns",
"g": "m-p"
},
"expansion": "ils m pl (third-person plural, singular il, accusative les, dative leur, emphatic eux, possessive determiner leur)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "pron",
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"word": "je"
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{
"word": "j’"
},
{
"word": "me"
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{
"word": "m’"
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{
"word": "—"
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{
"word": "moi"
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{
"word": "tu"
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{
"word": "te"
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{
"word": "t’"
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{
"word": "toi"
},
{
"word": "il"
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{
"word": "le"
},
{
"word": "l’"
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{
"word": "lui"
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{
"word": "y"
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{
"word": "en"
},
{
"word": "elle"
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{
"word": "la"
},
{
"word": "on1"
},
{
"word": "se"
},
{
"word": "s’4"
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{
"word": "soi4"
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{
"word": "nous"
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{
"word": "vous2"
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{
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{
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{
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{
"word": "leur"
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{
"word": "eux3"
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{
"word": "elles"
},
{
"word": "1 Also used as the first person plural"
},
{
"word": "2 Also used as the polite singular form"
},
{
"word": "3 Also used when a group has both men and women"
},
{
"word": "4 Also used as third person plural reflexive"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"they (male or mixed group)"
],
"links": [
[
"they",
"they"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French informal terms",
"Quebec French"
],
"glosses": [
"they (female)"
],
"links": [
[
"they",
"they"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Quebec, informal) they (female)"
],
"tags": [
"Quebec",
"informal",
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/il/"
},
{
"ipa": "/il.z‿/"
},
{
"ipa": "/i/"
},
{
"ipa": "/i.z‿/"
},
{
"ipa": "/i/",
"tags": [
"Quebec"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/j/",
"note": "prevocalic",
"tags": [
"Quebec"
]
},
{
"audio": "Fr-ils.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/Fr-ils.ogg/Fr-ils.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Fr-ils.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "île"
},
{
"homophone": "il"
}
],
"word": "ils"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "ils",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish non-lemma forms",
"Swedish noun forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "il"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite genitive singular of il"
],
"links": [
[
"il",
"il#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "ils"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ils meaning in All languages combined (7.1kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: ORB",
"path": [
"ils"
],
"section": "Franco-Provençal",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "ils",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: broad",
"path": [
"ils"
],
"section": "Franco-Provençal",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "ils",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.