"hornbeam" meaning in All languages combined

See hornbeam on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˈhɔːnˌbiːm/ [UK], /ˈhɔɹnˌbim/ [US] Audio: en-us-hornbeam.ogg Forms: hornbeams [plural]
Etymology: c. 1570, from Old English horn + beam (“tree”) Etymology templates: {{inh|en|ang|horn}} Old English horn Head templates: {{en-noun}} hornbeam (plural hornbeams)
  1. A tree of the genus Carpinus, having a smooth gray bark and a ridged trunk, the wood being white and very hard, common along the banks of streams in the United States. Categories (lifeform): Birch family plants, Woods Translations (tree of Carpinus): хьаца (xʲaca) (Abkhaz), γάβρος (gábros) [masculine] (Ancient Greek), բոխի (boxi) (Armenian), carpin [masculine] (Aromanian), scodã [feminine] (Aromanian), gavru [masculine] (Aromanian), cãrãnti [masculine] (Aromanian), лъор (lˢor) (Avar), vələs (Azerbaijani), ulas (Azerbaijani), კარცხილ (ḳarcxil) (Bats), граб (hrab) [masculine] (Belarusian), гьой (hoj) (Bezhta), габър (gabǎr) (Bulgarian), carpí [masculine] (Catalan), пха (pxa) (Chechen), 鵝耳櫪 (Chinese Mandarin), 鹅耳枥 (é'ěrlì) (Chinese Mandarin), habr [masculine] (Czech), haagbeuk [masculine] (Dutch), karpeno (Esperanto), valkopyökki (Finnish), charpena [feminine] (Franco-Provençal), charme [masculine] (French), çamar [masculine] (Friulian), carpe [masculine] (Galician), რცხილა (rcxila) (Georgian), Hainbuche [feminine] (German), Weißbuche [feminine] (German), γάβρος (gávros) [masculine] (Greek), gyertyán (Hungarian), karpino (Ido), пхьан (pḥʳan) (Ingush), crann sleamhain [masculine] (Irish), carpano [masculine] (Istriot), carpino [masculine] (Italian), 四手 (Japanese), (shide) (Japanese), велес (veles) (Judeo-Tat), 서어나무 (seo'eonamu) (Korean), carpinus (Latin), skābardis (Latvian), ცხემური (ʒxemuri) (Laz), гийин (gijin) (Lezgi), skroblas (Lithuanian), Haböök [feminine] (Low German), Wittböök [feminine] (Low German), grab [masculine] (Lower Sorbian), габер (gaber) [masculine] (Macedonian), carpin [masculine] (Megleno-Romanian), ცხიმური (cximuri) (Mingrelian), charmille [feminine] (Norman), calpre [masculine] (Occitan), фатхъӕд (fatqæd) (Ossetian), ممرز (mamraz) (Persian), کرزل (korzel) (Persian), grab [masculine] (Polish), carpino [masculine] (Portuguese), carpen (Romanian), граб (grab) [masculine] (Russian), càrpinu [masculine] (Sicilian), hrab [masculine] (Slovak), beli gaber [masculine] (Slovene), navadni gaber [masculine] (Slovene), carpe [masculine] (Spanish), ცხუმ (cxum) (Svan), avenbok [common-gender] (Swedish), annbok [common-gender] (Swedish), мухь (mux) (Tabasaran), gürgen (Turkish), граб (hrab) [masculine] (Ukrainian), càrpano [masculine] (Venetian), càrpane [masculine] (Venetian), càrpen [masculine] (Venetian), tchårnale [feminine] (Walloon), tchårnea [masculine] (Walloon), tchåne [feminine] (Walloon), oestrwydden [feminine] (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-hornbeam-en-noun-FpoNqQu5 Disambiguation of Birch family plants: 68 15 17 Disambiguation of Woods: 62 11 27 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Abkhaz translations, Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Aromanian translations, Terms with Avar translations, Terms with Azerbaijani translations, Terms with Bats translations, Terms with Belarusian translations, Terms with Bezhta translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Chechen translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with Franco-Provençal translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Friulian translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Ingush translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Istriot translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Judeo-Tat translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Laz translations, Terms with Lezgi translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Low German translations, Terms with Lower Sorbian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Megleno-Romanian translations, Terms with Mingrelian translations, Terms with Norman translations, Terms with Occitan translations, Terms with Ossetian translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Sicilian translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Svan translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Tabasaran translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Venetian translations, Terms with Walloon translations, Terms with Welsh translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 72 26 2 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 65 27 8 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 65 32 3 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 65 32 3 Disambiguation of Terms with Abkhaz translations: 77 18 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Ancient Greek translations: 74 21 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 77 18 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Aromanian translations: 77 19 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Avar translations: 78 18 3 Disambiguation of Terms with Azerbaijani translations: 77 18 4 Disambiguation of Terms with 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Terms with Hungarian translations: 79 17 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Ido translations: 75 21 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Ingush translations: 77 18 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Irish translations: 80 16 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Istriot translations: 77 19 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 77 18 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 77 18 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Judeo-Tat translations: 80 17 3 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 77 18 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 75 20 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 77 19 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Laz translations: 77 18 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Lezgi translations: 77 19 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Lithuanian translations: 77 19 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Low German translations: 77 19 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Lower Sorbian translations: 78 19 3 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 77 19 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 79 16 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Megleno-Romanian translations: 77 18 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Mingrelian translations: 77 19 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Norman translations: 79 17 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Occitan translations: 77 19 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Ossetian translations: 77 18 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Persian translations: 77 18 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 78 16 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 83 14 3 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 79 16 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 77 18 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Sicilian translations: 77 18 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 77 19 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovene translations: 77 18 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 78 17 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Svan translations: 77 19 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 79 18 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Tabasaran translations: 77 19 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 79 18 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 77 18 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Venetian translations: 79 17 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Walloon translations: 78 18 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Welsh translations: 76 16 7 Disambiguation of 'tree of Carpinus': 73 26 2
  2. A hop hornbeam (Ostrya virginiana). Translations (Ostrya carpinifolia): ὀστρύα (ostrúa) [feminine] (Ancient Greek), воден габър (voden gabǎr) [masculine] (Bulgarian), carpino nero [masculine] (Italian), ostria [feminine] (Italian), carpinella [feminine] (Italian)
    Sense id: en-hornbeam-en-noun-wsJmIH4v Disambiguation of 'Ostrya carpinifolia': 44 56 0
  3. The wood of these trees.
    Sense id: en-hornbeam-en-noun-31DYqji~
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: hornbeech, ironwood, musclewood Hyponyms: blue beech Derived forms: American hornbeam, common hornbeam, European hop-hornbeam, European hop hornbeam, European hornbeam Related terms: Carpinus

Inflected forms

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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "American hornbeam"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "common hornbeam"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "European hop-hornbeam"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "European hop hornbeam"
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "European hornbeam"
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        "2": "ang",
        "3": "horn"
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      "name": "inh"
    }
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  "etymology_text": "c. 1570, from Old English horn + beam (“tree”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hornbeams",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
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    {
      "args": {},
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      "name": "en-noun"
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "blue beech"
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  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "Carpinus"
    }
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        {
          "_dis": "68 15 17",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Birch family plants",
          "orig": "en:Birch family plants",
          "parents": [
            "Fagales order plants",
            "Plants",
            "Shrubs",
            "Trees",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
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            "Nature"
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "62 11 27",
          "kind": "lifeform",
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          "name": "Woods",
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      "glosses": [
        "A tree of the genus Carpinus, having a smooth gray bark and a ridged trunk, the wood being white and very hard, common along the banks of streams in the United States."
      ],
      "id": "en-hornbeam-en-noun-FpoNqQu5",
      "links": [
        [
          "tree",
          "tree"
        ],
        [
          "genus",
          "genus"
        ],
        [
          "Carpinus",
          "Carpinus#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "ab",
          "lang": "Abkhaz",
          "roman": "xʲaca",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "хьаца"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "boxi",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "բոխի"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "rup",
          "lang": "Aromanian",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "carpin"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "rup",
          "lang": "Aromanian",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "scodã"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "rup",
          "lang": "Aromanian",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gavru"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "rup",
          "lang": "Aromanian",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "cãrãnti"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "av",
          "lang": "Avar",
          "roman": "lˢor",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "лъор"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "vələs"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "ulas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "bbl",
          "lang": "Bats",
          "roman": "ḳarcxil",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "კარცხილ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "hrab",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "граб"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "kap",
          "lang": "Bezhta",
          "roman": "hoj",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "гьой"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "gabǎr",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "габър"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "carpí"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "ce",
          "lang": "Chechen",
          "roman": "pxa",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "пха"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "鵝耳櫪"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "é'ěrlì",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "鹅耳枥"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "habr"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "haagbeuk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "karpeno"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "valkopyökki"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "frp",
          "lang": "Franco-Provençal",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "charpena"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "charme"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "fur",
          "lang": "Friulian",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "çamar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "carpe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "rcxila",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "რცხილა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Hainbuche"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Weißbuche"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "gávros",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "γάβρος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "gábros",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "γάβρος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "gyertyán"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "karpino"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "inh",
          "lang": "Ingush",
          "roman": "pḥʳan",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "пхьан"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "crann sleamhain"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "ist",
          "lang": "Istriot",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "carpano"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "carpino"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "四手"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "shide",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "垂"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "jdt",
          "lang": "Judeo-Tat",
          "roman": "veles",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "велес"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "seo'eonamu",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "서어나무"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "carpinus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "skābardis"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "lzz",
          "lang": "Laz",
          "roman": "ʒxemuri",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "ცხემური"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "lez",
          "lang": "Lezgi",
          "roman": "gijin",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "гийин"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "skroblas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "nds",
          "lang": "Low German",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Haböök"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "nds",
          "lang": "Low German",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Wittböök"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "gaber",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "габер"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "ruq",
          "lang": "Megleno-Romanian",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "carpin"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "xmf",
          "lang": "Mingrelian",
          "roman": "cximuri",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "ცხიმური"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "nrf",
          "lang": "Norman",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "charmille"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "calpre"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "os",
          "lang": "Ossetian",
          "roman": "fatqæd",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "фатхъӕд"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "mamraz",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "ممرز"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "korzel",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "کرزل"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "grab"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "carpino"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "carpen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "grab",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "граб"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "scn",
          "lang": "Sicilian",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "càrpinu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "hrab"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "beli gaber"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "navadni gaber"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "dsb",
          "lang": "Lower Sorbian",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "grab"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "carpe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "sva",
          "lang": "Svan",
          "roman": "cxum",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "ცხუმ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "avenbok"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "annbok"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "tab",
          "lang": "Tabasaran",
          "roman": "mux",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "мухь"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "word": "gürgen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "hrab",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "граб"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "vec",
          "lang": "Venetian",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "càrpano"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "vec",
          "lang": "Venetian",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "càrpane"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "vec",
          "lang": "Venetian",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "càrpen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "wa",
          "lang": "Walloon",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "tchårnale"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "wa",
          "lang": "Walloon",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "tchårnea"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "wa",
          "lang": "Walloon",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "tchåne"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 26 2",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "oestrwydden"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A hop hornbeam (Ostrya virginiana)."
      ],
      "id": "en-hornbeam-en-noun-wsJmIH4v",
      "links": [
        [
          "hop hornbeam",
          "hop hornbeam"
        ],
        [
          "Ostrya virginiana",
          "Ostrya virginiana#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "44 56 0",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "voden gabǎr",
          "sense": "Ostrya carpinifolia",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "воден габър"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "44 56 0",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "ostrúa",
          "sense": "Ostrya carpinifolia",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ὀστρύα"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "44 56 0",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "Ostrya carpinifolia",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "carpino nero"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "44 56 0",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "Ostrya carpinifolia",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ostria"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "44 56 0",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "Ostrya carpinifolia",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "carpinella"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The wood of these trees."
      ],
      "id": "en-hornbeam-en-noun-31DYqji~",
      "links": [
        [
          "wood",
          "wood"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhɔːnˌbiːm/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhɔɹnˌbim/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-hornbeam.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e7/En-us-hornbeam.ogg/En-us-hornbeam.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/En-us-hornbeam.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "hornbeech"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ironwood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "musclewood"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "hornbeam"
  ],
  "word": "hornbeam"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Abkhaz translations",
    "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Aromanian translations",
    "Terms with Avar translations",
    "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
    "Terms with Bats translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Bezhta translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Chechen translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with Franco-Provençal translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Friulian translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Ido translations",
    "Terms with Ingush translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Istriot translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Judeo-Tat translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Laz translations",
    "Terms with Lezgi translations",
    "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
    "Terms with Low German translations",
    "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Megleno-Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Mingrelian translations",
    "Terms with Norman translations",
    "Terms with Occitan translations",
    "Terms with Ossetian translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Sicilian translations",
    "Terms with Slovak translations",
    "Terms with Slovene translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Svan translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Tabasaran translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Venetian translations",
    "Terms with Walloon translations",
    "Terms with Welsh translations",
    "en:Birch family plants",
    "en:Woods"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "American hornbeam"
    },
    {
      "word": "common hornbeam"
    },
    {
      "word": "European hop-hornbeam"
    },
    {
      "word": "European hop hornbeam"
    },
    {
      "word": "European hornbeam"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "horn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English horn",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "c. 1570, from Old English horn + beam (“tree”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hornbeams",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "hornbeam (plural hornbeams)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyponyms": [
    {
      "word": "blue beech"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "Carpinus"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A tree of the genus Carpinus, having a smooth gray bark and a ridged trunk, the wood being white and very hard, common along the banks of streams in the United States."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tree",
          "tree"
        ],
        [
          "genus",
          "genus"
        ],
        [
          "Carpinus",
          "Carpinus#Translingual"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A hop hornbeam (Ostrya virginiana)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hop hornbeam",
          "hop hornbeam"
        ],
        [
          "Ostrya virginiana",
          "Ostrya virginiana#Translingual"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The wood of these trees."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wood",
          "wood"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhɔːnˌbiːm/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhɔɹnˌbim/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-hornbeam.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e7/En-us-hornbeam.ogg/En-us-hornbeam.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/En-us-hornbeam.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "hornbeech"
    },
    {
      "word": "ironwood"
    },
    {
      "word": "musclewood"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ab",
      "lang": "Abkhaz",
      "roman": "xʲaca",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "хьаца"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "boxi",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "բոխի"
    },
    {
      "code": "rup",
      "lang": "Aromanian",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "carpin"
    },
    {
      "code": "rup",
      "lang": "Aromanian",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "scodã"
    },
    {
      "code": "rup",
      "lang": "Aromanian",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gavru"
    },
    {
      "code": "rup",
      "lang": "Aromanian",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "cãrãnti"
    },
    {
      "code": "av",
      "lang": "Avar",
      "roman": "lˢor",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "лъор"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "vələs"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "ulas"
    },
    {
      "code": "bbl",
      "lang": "Bats",
      "roman": "ḳarcxil",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "კარცხილ"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "hrab",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "граб"
    },
    {
      "code": "kap",
      "lang": "Bezhta",
      "roman": "hoj",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "гьой"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "gabǎr",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "габър"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "carpí"
    },
    {
      "code": "ce",
      "lang": "Chechen",
      "roman": "pxa",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "пха"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "鵝耳櫪"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "é'ěrlì",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "鹅耳枥"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "habr"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "haagbeuk"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "karpeno"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "valkopyökki"
    },
    {
      "code": "frp",
      "lang": "Franco-Provençal",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "charpena"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "charme"
    },
    {
      "code": "fur",
      "lang": "Friulian",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "çamar"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "carpe"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "rcxila",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "რცხილა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Hainbuche"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Weißbuche"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "gávros",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "γάβρος"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "gábros",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "γάβρος"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "gyertyán"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "karpino"
    },
    {
      "code": "inh",
      "lang": "Ingush",
      "roman": "pḥʳan",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "пхьан"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "crann sleamhain"
    },
    {
      "code": "ist",
      "lang": "Istriot",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "carpano"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "carpino"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "四手"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "shide",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "垂"
    },
    {
      "code": "jdt",
      "lang": "Judeo-Tat",
      "roman": "veles",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "велес"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "seo'eonamu",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "서어나무"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "carpinus"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "skābardis"
    },
    {
      "code": "lzz",
      "lang": "Laz",
      "roman": "ʒxemuri",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "ცხემური"
    },
    {
      "code": "lez",
      "lang": "Lezgi",
      "roman": "gijin",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "гийин"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "skroblas"
    },
    {
      "code": "nds",
      "lang": "Low German",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Haböök"
    },
    {
      "code": "nds",
      "lang": "Low German",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Wittböök"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "gaber",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "габер"
    },
    {
      "code": "ruq",
      "lang": "Megleno-Romanian",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "carpin"
    },
    {
      "code": "xmf",
      "lang": "Mingrelian",
      "roman": "cximuri",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "ცხიმური"
    },
    {
      "code": "nrf",
      "lang": "Norman",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "charmille"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "calpre"
    },
    {
      "code": "os",
      "lang": "Ossetian",
      "roman": "fatqæd",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "фатхъӕд"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "mamraz",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "ممرز"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "korzel",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "کرزل"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "grab"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "carpino"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "carpen"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "grab",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "граб"
    },
    {
      "code": "scn",
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "càrpinu"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "hrab"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "beli gaber"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "navadni gaber"
    },
    {
      "code": "dsb",
      "lang": "Lower Sorbian",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "grab"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "carpe"
    },
    {
      "code": "sva",
      "lang": "Svan",
      "roman": "cxum",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "ცხუმ"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "avenbok"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "annbok"
    },
    {
      "code": "tab",
      "lang": "Tabasaran",
      "roman": "mux",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "мухь"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "word": "gürgen"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "hrab",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "граб"
    },
    {
      "code": "vec",
      "lang": "Venetian",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "càrpano"
    },
    {
      "code": "vec",
      "lang": "Venetian",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "càrpane"
    },
    {
      "code": "vec",
      "lang": "Venetian",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "càrpen"
    },
    {
      "code": "wa",
      "lang": "Walloon",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "tchårnale"
    },
    {
      "code": "wa",
      "lang": "Walloon",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "tchårnea"
    },
    {
      "code": "wa",
      "lang": "Walloon",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "tchåne"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "tree of Carpinus",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "oestrwydden"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "voden gabǎr",
      "sense": "Ostrya carpinifolia",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "воден габър"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "ostrúa",
      "sense": "Ostrya carpinifolia",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ὀστρύα"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "Ostrya carpinifolia",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "carpino nero"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "Ostrya carpinifolia",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ostria"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "Ostrya carpinifolia",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "carpinella"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "hornbeam"
  ],
  "word": "hornbeam"
}

Download raw JSONL data for hornbeam meaning in All languages combined (12.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.