See carpinus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"expansion": "Ancient Greek (*)κάρπινος/(*)καρπίνος ((*)kárpinos/(*)karpínos, “fruity, fructiferous”)",
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"expansion": "κᾰρπός (kărpós, “fruit, yield of harvest”) + -ῐνος (-ĭnos, adjectival suffix)",
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"etymology_text": "Unknown. Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *kar- (“hard”), but the unusual extension and suffix are difficult to explain. See also carina and cerrus.",
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"tags": [
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"name": "Fagales order plants",
"orig": "la:Fagales order plants",
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"examples": [
{
"english": "1934 translation by W. D. Hooper, Harrison Boyd Ash\nMake the press-beam preferably of black hornbeam.",
"ref": "234 BCE – 149 BCE, Cato the Elder, De Agri Cultura 31",
"text": "Prelum ex carpino atra potissimum facito.",
"translation": "1934 translation by W. D. Hooper, Harrison Boyd Ash\nMake the press-beam preferably of black hornbeam."
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 80 BCE – 15 BCE, Vitruvius, De Architectura 2.9.12",
"text": "Item carpinus, quod est minima ignis et terreni mixtione, aeris autem et umoris summa continetur temperatura, non est fragilis, sed habet utilissimam tractabilitatem. Itaque Graeci, quod ex ea materia iuga iumentis conparant, quod apud eos iuga zyga vocitantur, item zygian eam appellant.",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)"
},
{
"english": "1954 translation by E. S. Forster, Edward H. Heffner\nThere is another kind of plantation found in Gaul, which is called that of dwarf trees. It requires a low and not very leafy tree … Indeed the cornel-tree, the horn-beam and sometimes the mountain-ash and the willow are planted by most people to this very end",
"ref": "4 CE – c. 70 CE, Columella, De Re Rustica 5.7",
"text": "Est et alterum genus arbusti Gallici, quod vocatur rumpotinum. Id desiderat arborem humilem nec frondosam. … Quin etiam cornus et carpinus et ornus non nunquam et salix a plerisque in hoc ipsum disponitur.",
"translation": "1954 translation by E. S. Forster, Edward H. Heffner\nThere is another kind of plantation found in Gaul, which is called that of dwarf trees. It requires a low and not very leafy tree … Indeed the cornel-tree, the horn-beam and sometimes the mountain-ash and the willow are planted by most people to this very end"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 16.67",
"text": "Acer eiusdem fere amplitudinis, operum elegantia ac subtilitate citro secundum. plura eius genera: album, quod praecipui candoris, vocatur Gallicum in transpadana Italia transque Alpes nascens; alterum genus crispo macularum discursu, qui cum excellentior fuit, a similitudine caudae pavonum nomen accepit, in Histria Raetiaque praecipuum; e viliore genere crassivenium vocatur. Graeci situ discernunt, campestre enim candidum esse nec crispum — quod glinon vocant —, montanum vero crispius duriusque, etiamnunc e mascula crispius ad lautiora opera, tertium genus zygian rubentem, fissili ligno, cortice livido, scabro. hoc alii generis proprii esse malunt et Latine carpinum appellant.",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 16.73-75",
"roman": "Gallica haec arbor mirabili candore atque tenuitate, terribilis magistratuum virgis, eadem circulis flexilis, item corbium costis. bitumen ex ea Galliae excoquunt. in eosdem situs comitantur et spina, nuptiarum facibus auspicatissima, quoniam inde fecerint pastores qui rapuerunt Sabinas, ut auctor est Masurius. nunc facibus carpinus, corylus familiarissimae.",
"text": "Nunc celeberrimis arborum dictis quaedam in universum de cunctis indicanda sunt. montes amant cedrus, larix, taeda et ceterae, e quibus resina gignitur, item aquifolia, buxus, ilex, iuniperus, terebinthus, populus, ornus, carpinus. est in Appennino et frutex, qui vocatur cotinus, ad linamenta modo conchylii colore insignis.\nmontes et valles diligit abies, robur, castaneae, tilia, ilex, cornus. aquosis montibus gaudent acer, fraxinus, sorbus, tilia, cerasus. non temere in montibus visae sunt prunus, punicae, oleastri, iuglans, mori, sabuci. descendunt et in plana cornus, corylus, quercus, ornus, acer, fraxinus, fagus, carpinus. subeunt et in montuosa ulmus, malus, pirus, laurus, myrtus, sanguinei frutices, ilex tinguendisque vestibus nascentes genistae. gaudet frigidis sorbus, sed magis etiam betulla.",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)"
},
{
"english": "1945 translation by H. Rackham\nThere are also the holm-oak, the wild and cultivated olive, the chestnut, the hornbeam and the poplar. The last is also mottled like the maple—if only any timber could be any good when the branches of the tree are frequently lopped: this amounts to gelding the tree, and takes away all its strength. For the rest, most of these trees, but especially the hard oak, are so hard that it is not possible to bore a hole in the wood until it has been soaked in water, and even then when a nail has been driven right into it it cannot be pulled out.",
"ref": "c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 16.206",
"text": "Ilex item et oleaster et olea atque castanea, carpinus, populus. Haec et crispa aceris modo—si ulla materies idonea esset ramis saepe deputatis: castratio illa est adimitque vires. De cetero plerisque horum, sed utique robori, tanta duritia ut terebrari nisi madefactum non queat et ne sic quidem adactus avelli clavus.",
"translation": "1945 translation by H. Rackham\nThere are also the holm-oak, the wild and cultivated olive, the chestnut, the hornbeam and the poplar. The last is also mottled like the maple—if only any timber could be any good when the branches of the tree are frequently lopped: this amounts to gelding the tree, and takes away all its strength. For the rest, most of these trees, but especially the hard oak, are so hard that it is not possible to bore a hole in the wood until it has been soaked in water, and even then when a nail has been driven right into it it cannot be pulled out."
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 1473 – 1477, Alessandro Braccesi, ad eundem descriptio horti Laurentii Medicis, (elegiac couplets)",
"roman": "Fraxĭnŭs, et quicquid silvă nĕmusquĕ fĕrunt.",
"text": "Est ăbĭēs, pīnus, buxus, vĭrĭdisquĕ cŭpressus,\nNāscĭtŭr hic quercus, rōbŏră, taedă, lărix;\nEst sŭbĕr, est cerrus, fāgus, quīn carpĭnŭs, īlex,",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"European hornbeam (a variety of deciduous tree)"
],
"id": "en-carpinus-la-noun-kzA6HdQF",
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"European hornbeam",
"European hornbeam"
]
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"feminine"
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"sounds": [
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"ipa": "[ˈkar.pɪ.nʊs]",
"tags": [
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{
"ipa": "[ˈkar.pi.nus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "carpinus"
}
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"etymology_text": "Unknown. Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *kar- (“hard”), but the unusual extension and suffix are difficult to explain. See also carina and cerrus.",
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"tags": [
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"source": "declension",
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"source": "declension",
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{
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"source": "declension",
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"source": "declension",
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"source": "declension",
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{
"english": "1934 translation by W. D. Hooper, Harrison Boyd Ash\nMake the press-beam preferably of black hornbeam.",
"ref": "234 BCE – 149 BCE, Cato the Elder, De Agri Cultura 31",
"text": "Prelum ex carpino atra potissimum facito.",
"translation": "1934 translation by W. D. Hooper, Harrison Boyd Ash\nMake the press-beam preferably of black hornbeam."
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 80 BCE – 15 BCE, Vitruvius, De Architectura 2.9.12",
"text": "Item carpinus, quod est minima ignis et terreni mixtione, aeris autem et umoris summa continetur temperatura, non est fragilis, sed habet utilissimam tractabilitatem. Itaque Graeci, quod ex ea materia iuga iumentis conparant, quod apud eos iuga zyga vocitantur, item zygian eam appellant.",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)"
},
{
"english": "1954 translation by E. S. Forster, Edward H. Heffner\nThere is another kind of plantation found in Gaul, which is called that of dwarf trees. It requires a low and not very leafy tree … Indeed the cornel-tree, the horn-beam and sometimes the mountain-ash and the willow are planted by most people to this very end",
"ref": "4 CE – c. 70 CE, Columella, De Re Rustica 5.7",
"text": "Est et alterum genus arbusti Gallici, quod vocatur rumpotinum. Id desiderat arborem humilem nec frondosam. … Quin etiam cornus et carpinus et ornus non nunquam et salix a plerisque in hoc ipsum disponitur.",
"translation": "1954 translation by E. S. Forster, Edward H. Heffner\nThere is another kind of plantation found in Gaul, which is called that of dwarf trees. It requires a low and not very leafy tree … Indeed the cornel-tree, the horn-beam and sometimes the mountain-ash and the willow are planted by most people to this very end"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 16.67",
"text": "Acer eiusdem fere amplitudinis, operum elegantia ac subtilitate citro secundum. plura eius genera: album, quod praecipui candoris, vocatur Gallicum in transpadana Italia transque Alpes nascens; alterum genus crispo macularum discursu, qui cum excellentior fuit, a similitudine caudae pavonum nomen accepit, in Histria Raetiaque praecipuum; e viliore genere crassivenium vocatur. Graeci situ discernunt, campestre enim candidum esse nec crispum — quod glinon vocant —, montanum vero crispius duriusque, etiamnunc e mascula crispius ad lautiora opera, tertium genus zygian rubentem, fissili ligno, cortice livido, scabro. hoc alii generis proprii esse malunt et Latine carpinum appellant.",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 16.73-75",
"roman": "Gallica haec arbor mirabili candore atque tenuitate, terribilis magistratuum virgis, eadem circulis flexilis, item corbium costis. bitumen ex ea Galliae excoquunt. in eosdem situs comitantur et spina, nuptiarum facibus auspicatissima, quoniam inde fecerint pastores qui rapuerunt Sabinas, ut auctor est Masurius. nunc facibus carpinus, corylus familiarissimae.",
"text": "Nunc celeberrimis arborum dictis quaedam in universum de cunctis indicanda sunt. montes amant cedrus, larix, taeda et ceterae, e quibus resina gignitur, item aquifolia, buxus, ilex, iuniperus, terebinthus, populus, ornus, carpinus. est in Appennino et frutex, qui vocatur cotinus, ad linamenta modo conchylii colore insignis.\nmontes et valles diligit abies, robur, castaneae, tilia, ilex, cornus. aquosis montibus gaudent acer, fraxinus, sorbus, tilia, cerasus. non temere in montibus visae sunt prunus, punicae, oleastri, iuglans, mori, sabuci. descendunt et in plana cornus, corylus, quercus, ornus, acer, fraxinus, fagus, carpinus. subeunt et in montuosa ulmus, malus, pirus, laurus, myrtus, sanguinei frutices, ilex tinguendisque vestibus nascentes genistae. gaudet frigidis sorbus, sed magis etiam betulla.",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)"
},
{
"english": "1945 translation by H. Rackham\nThere are also the holm-oak, the wild and cultivated olive, the chestnut, the hornbeam and the poplar. The last is also mottled like the maple—if only any timber could be any good when the branches of the tree are frequently lopped: this amounts to gelding the tree, and takes away all its strength. For the rest, most of these trees, but especially the hard oak, are so hard that it is not possible to bore a hole in the wood until it has been soaked in water, and even then when a nail has been driven right into it it cannot be pulled out.",
"ref": "c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 16.206",
"text": "Ilex item et oleaster et olea atque castanea, carpinus, populus. Haec et crispa aceris modo—si ulla materies idonea esset ramis saepe deputatis: castratio illa est adimitque vires. De cetero plerisque horum, sed utique robori, tanta duritia ut terebrari nisi madefactum non queat et ne sic quidem adactus avelli clavus.",
"translation": "1945 translation by H. Rackham\nThere are also the holm-oak, the wild and cultivated olive, the chestnut, the hornbeam and the poplar. The last is also mottled like the maple—if only any timber could be any good when the branches of the tree are frequently lopped: this amounts to gelding the tree, and takes away all its strength. For the rest, most of these trees, but especially the hard oak, are so hard that it is not possible to bore a hole in the wood until it has been soaked in water, and even then when a nail has been driven right into it it cannot be pulled out."
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 1473 – 1477, Alessandro Braccesi, ad eundem descriptio horti Laurentii Medicis, (elegiac couplets)",
"roman": "Fraxĭnŭs, et quicquid silvă nĕmusquĕ fĕrunt.",
"text": "Est ăbĭēs, pīnus, buxus, vĭrĭdisquĕ cŭpressus,\nNāscĭtŭr hic quercus, rōbŏră, taedă, lărix;\nEst sŭbĕr, est cerrus, fāgus, quīn carpĭnŭs, īlex,",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"European hornbeam (a variety of deciduous tree)"
],
"links": [
[
"European hornbeam",
"European hornbeam"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkar.pɪ.nʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkar.pi.nus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "carpinus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for carpinus meaning in Latin (9.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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