See harness on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "die in harness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "harness bend"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "harness cask"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "harnessed antelope"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "harnessed moth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "harness hang syndrome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "harness loop"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "harness race"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "harness racing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "harness saddle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "harness tub"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Hong Kong harness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "in harness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "out of harness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Pavlik harness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "test harness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wiring harness"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "harneys"
},
"expansion": "Middle English harneys",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "harneis"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman harneis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "hernois",
"t": "equipment used in battle"
},
"expansion": "Old French hernois (“equipment used in battle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "*hernest"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse *hernest",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*nesaną",
"t": "to heal, recover"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *nesaną (“to heal, recover”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English harneys, harnes, harneis, harnais, herneis, from Anglo-Norman harneis and Old French hernois (“equipment used in battle”), believed to be from Old Norse *hernest, from herr (“army”) + nest (“provisions”) (from Proto-Germanic *nesaną (“to heal, recover”)). More at harry.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "harnesses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "harness (countable and uncountable, plural harnesses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A restraint or support, especially one consisting of a loop or network of rope or straps, and especially one worn by a working animal such as a horse pulling a carriage or farm implement."
],
"id": "en-harness-en-noun-SjngvZ8m",
"links": [
[
"restraint",
"restraint"
],
[
"support",
"support"
],
[
"loop",
"loop"
],
[
"network",
"network"
],
[
"rope",
"rope"
],
[
"straps",
"straps"
],
[
"working animal",
"working animal"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A restraint or support, especially one consisting of a loop or network of rope or straps, and especially one worn by a working animal such as a horse pulling a carriage or farm implement."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "fre"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕinān",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "عِنان"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "lcasarkʻ",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "լծասարք"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "vúpraž",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ву́праж"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zbrúja",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "збру́я"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hamut",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хамут"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sbruja",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "сбруя"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arnès"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wǎnjù",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "挽具"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "postroj"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "seletøj"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tuig"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "valjaat"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "harnais"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "aḳazmuloba",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "აკაზმულობა"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Geschirr"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Pferdegeschirr"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gurt"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Anschnallgurt"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ipposkeví",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ιπποσκευή"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "chámoura",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "χάμουρα"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "ritmá",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "רִתְמָה"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "for a horse",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "lószerszám"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "for supporting a child",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "kantár"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "hám"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "szíj"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "szíjzat"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "kötélzet"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "heveder"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "harneso"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "valjaat"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "hepoisenriissat"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gabháil"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "úim"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "braca"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "imbragatura"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "imbrago"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "imbracatura"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"alt": "ばぐ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bagu",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "馬具"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "äbzel",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "әбзел"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "ahsaapʰɔɔ’nəy",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "អស្សាភរណ៍"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "magu",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "마구"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "ʼān mā",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "ອານມ້າ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "khư̄ang thīam",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "ເຄື່ອງທຽມ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "capistrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "greienys"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "gv",
"english": "horse harness",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cullee chabbil"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "moriny tonog",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "морины тоног"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "graie"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "att'lage"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "koşum",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "قوشم"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "estâm",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "استام"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Säl"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "uprząż"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arnês"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "arreios"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ham"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "harnașament"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "úprjažʹ",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "у́пряжь"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sbrúja",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сбру́я"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uprjážka",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "упря́жка"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "e.g. parachute strap",
"roman": "remní",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "ремни́"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "ru",
"english": "horse collar",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xomút",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хому́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ха̑м"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "а̑м"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "hȃm"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ȃm"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "postroj"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arnés"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sele"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "seldon"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "guwarnisyon"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "koşum"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "úprjaž",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "у́пряж"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zbrúja",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "збру́я"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "yên cương"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 8 1",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "haerna"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A collection of wires or cables bundled and routed according to their function."
],
"id": "en-harness-en-noun-kaKHAvtb",
"links": [
[
"wires",
"wires"
],
[
"cables",
"cables"
],
[
"bundle",
"bundle"
],
[
"route",
"route"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A collection of wires or cables bundled and routed according to their function."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene v]:",
"text": "Ring the alarum-bell! Blow, wind! come, wrack!\nAt least we'll die with harness on our back.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The complete dress, especially in a military sense, of a man or a horse; armour in general."
],
"id": "en-harness-en-noun-iNosYHUA",
"links": [
[
"armour",
"armour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated, uncountable) The complete dress, especially in a military sense, of a man or a horse; armour in general."
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "13 8 65 6 8",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "armour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Harnisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 8 65 6 8",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "armour",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "harnesk"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The part of a loom comprising the heddles, with their means of support and motion, by which the threads of the warp are alternately raised and depressed for the passage of the shuttle."
],
"id": "en-harness-en-noun-lX6GnNlX",
"links": [
[
"loom",
"loom"
],
[
"heddle",
"heddle"
],
[
"thread",
"thread"
],
[
"warp",
"warp"
],
[
"shuttle",
"shuttle"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Equipment for any kind of labour."
],
"id": "en-harness-en-noun-7fOX1Ify",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑː.nəs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑɹ.nəs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-harness.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a8/En-us-harness.ogg/En-us-harness.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/En-us-harness.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhaː.nəs/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)nəs"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"rare"
],
"word": "harnass"
}
],
"word": "harness"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "harneys"
},
"expansion": "Middle English harneys",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "harneis"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman harneis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "hernois",
"t": "equipment used in battle"
},
"expansion": "Old French hernois (“equipment used in battle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "*hernest"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse *hernest",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*nesaną",
"t": "to heal, recover"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *nesaną (“to heal, recover”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English harneys, harnes, harneis, harnais, herneis, from Anglo-Norman harneis and Old French hernois (“equipment used in battle”), believed to be from Old Norse *hernest, from herr (“army”) + nest (“provisions”) (from Proto-Germanic *nesaną (“to heal, recover”)). More at harry.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "harnesses",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "harnessing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "harnessed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "harnessed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "harness (third-person singular simple present harnesses, present participle harnessing, simple past and past participle harnessed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Harness in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "They harnessed the horse to the post.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2013 July-August, Henry Petroski, “Geothermal Energy”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 4:",
"text": "Ancient nomads, wishing to ward off the evening chill and enjoy a meal around a campfire, had to collect wood and then spend time and effort coaxing the heat of friction out from between sticks to kindle a flame. With more settled people, animals were harnessed to capstans or caged in treadmills to turn grist into meal.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To place a harness on something; to tie up or restrain."
],
"id": "en-harness-en-verb-aKr5e82g",
"links": [
[
"tie",
"tie"
],
[
"restrain",
"restrain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To place a harness on something; to tie up or restrain."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zaprjagam",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "запрягам"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "jungi"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "valjastaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "harnacher"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "vorspannen"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "aufzäumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "ratám",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "רָתַם"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "befog"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "felszerszámoz"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "felkantároz"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "harnesizar"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "valjastaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "úim"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "imbracare"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "imbragare"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "imbrigliare"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "frenare"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "trattenere"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "greigh"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "koşmak",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "قوشمق"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "کنترل کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zaprząc"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zaprzęgać"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ujarzmiać"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ujarzmić"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "arrear"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "atrelar"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "înhăma"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zaprjagátʹ",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "запряга́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "yunakti",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "युनक्ति"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "zapreči"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "arrear"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "aparejar"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "sela (på)"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "spänna för"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"alt": "~ to vid",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "binda"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "iunsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "mag-unsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"word": "koşmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "koşum takmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "koşum geçirmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zaprjaháty",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "запряга́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zaprjahtý",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "запрягти́"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vprjaháty",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "впряга́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vprjahtý",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "впрягти́"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "ateler"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "alaxhî"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 3 1 16 11 2 38 2",
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"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entry maintenance"
],
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},
{
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Imagine what might happen if it were possible to harness solar energy fully.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2013 August 16, John Vidal, “Dams endanger ecology of Himalayas”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 10, page 8:",
"text": "Most of the Himalayan rivers have been relatively untouched by dams near their sources. Now the two great Asian powers, India and China, are rushing to harness them as they cut through some of the world's deepest valleys.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To capture, control or put to use."
],
"id": "en-harness-en-verb-YvLJT4V-",
"links": [
[
"capture",
"capture"
],
[
"control",
"control"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To capture, control or put to use."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "valjastaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "ottaa käyttöön"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "nutzbar machen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "hasznosít"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "felhasznál"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "kiaknáz"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "imbrigliare"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "utnytte"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "brūcan"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ujarzmić"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ujarzmiać"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "aproveitar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "aprovechar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "explotar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "utilizar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "emplear"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "instrumentalizar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "utnyttja"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "ta i anspråk"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "exploatera"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"note": "e.g. a waterfall",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "utbygga or bygga ut"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "tämja"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"word": "koşmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "prybórkuvaty",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "прибо́ркувати"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "uk",
"english": "to control",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "prybórkaty",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "прибо́ркати"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vykorystóvuvaty",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "використо́вувати"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2",
"code": "uk",
"english": "to put to use",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "výkorystaty",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ви́користати"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 6 17 5 8 6 9 39",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Armor",
"orig": "en:Armor",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To equip with armour."
],
"id": "en-harness-en-verb-f6tco7IQ",
"links": [
[
"equip",
"equip"
],
[
"armour",
"armour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To equip with armour."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑː.nəs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑɹ.nəs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-harness.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a8/En-us-harness.ogg/En-us-harness.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/En-us-harness.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhaː.nəs/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)nəs"
}
],
"word": "harness"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)nəs",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)nəs/2 syllables",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"en:Armor"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "die in harness"
},
{
"word": "harness bend"
},
{
"word": "harness cask"
},
{
"word": "harnessed antelope"
},
{
"word": "harnessed moth"
},
{
"word": "harness hang syndrome"
},
{
"word": "harness loop"
},
{
"word": "harness race"
},
{
"word": "harness racing"
},
{
"word": "harness saddle"
},
{
"word": "harness tub"
},
{
"word": "Hong Kong harness"
},
{
"word": "in harness"
},
{
"word": "out of harness"
},
{
"word": "Pavlik harness"
},
{
"word": "test harness"
},
{
"word": "wiring harness"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "harneys"
},
"expansion": "Middle English harneys",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "harneis"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman harneis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "hernois",
"t": "equipment used in battle"
},
"expansion": "Old French hernois (“equipment used in battle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "*hernest"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse *hernest",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*nesaną",
"t": "to heal, recover"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *nesaną (“to heal, recover”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English harneys, harnes, harneis, harnais, herneis, from Anglo-Norman harneis and Old French hernois (“equipment used in battle”), believed to be from Old Norse *hernest, from herr (“army”) + nest (“provisions”) (from Proto-Germanic *nesaną (“to heal, recover”)). More at harry.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "harnesses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "harness (countable and uncountable, plural harnesses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"A restraint or support, especially one consisting of a loop or network of rope or straps, and especially one worn by a working animal such as a horse pulling a carriage or farm implement."
],
"links": [
[
"restraint",
"restraint"
],
[
"support",
"support"
],
[
"loop",
"loop"
],
[
"network",
"network"
],
[
"rope",
"rope"
],
[
"straps",
"straps"
],
[
"working animal",
"working animal"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A restraint or support, especially one consisting of a loop or network of rope or straps, and especially one worn by a working animal such as a horse pulling a carriage or farm implement."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"A collection of wires or cables bundled and routed according to their function."
],
"links": [
[
"wires",
"wires"
],
[
"cables",
"cables"
],
[
"bundle",
"bundle"
],
[
"route",
"route"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A collection of wires or cables bundled and routed according to their function."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene v]:",
"text": "Ring the alarum-bell! Blow, wind! come, wrack!\nAt least we'll die with harness on our back.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The complete dress, especially in a military sense, of a man or a horse; armour in general."
],
"links": [
[
"armour",
"armour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated, uncountable) The complete dress, especially in a military sense, of a man or a horse; armour in general."
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The part of a loom comprising the heddles, with their means of support and motion, by which the threads of the warp are alternately raised and depressed for the passage of the shuttle."
],
"links": [
[
"loom",
"loom"
],
[
"heddle",
"heddle"
],
[
"thread",
"thread"
],
[
"warp",
"warp"
],
[
"shuttle",
"shuttle"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Equipment for any kind of labour."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑː.nəs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑɹ.nəs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-harness.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a8/En-us-harness.ogg/En-us-harness.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/En-us-harness.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhaː.nəs/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)nəs"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic",
"rare"
],
"word": "harnass"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "fre"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕinān",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "عِنان"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "lcasarkʻ",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "լծասարք"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "vúpraž",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ву́праж"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zbrúja",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "збру́я"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hamut",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хамут"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sbruja",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "сбруя"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arnès"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wǎnjù",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "挽具"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "postroj"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "seletøj"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tuig"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "valjaat"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "harnais"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "aḳazmuloba",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "აკაზმულობა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Geschirr"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Pferdegeschirr"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gurt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Anschnallgurt"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ipposkeví",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ιπποσκευή"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "chámoura",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "χάμουρα"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "ritmá",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "רִתְמָה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "for a horse",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "lószerszám"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "for supporting a child",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "kantár"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "hám"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "szíj"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "szíjzat"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "kötélzet"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "heveder"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "harneso"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "valjaat"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "hepoisenriissat"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gabháil"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "úim"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "braca"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "imbragatura"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "imbrago"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "imbracatura"
},
{
"alt": "ばぐ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bagu",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "馬具"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "äbzel",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "әбзел"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "ahsaapʰɔɔ’nəy",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "អស្សាភរណ៍"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "magu",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "마구"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "ʼān mā",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "ອານມ້າ"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "khư̄ang thīam",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "ເຄື່ອງທຽມ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "capistrum"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "greienys"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"english": "horse harness",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cullee chabbil"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "moriny tonog",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "морины тоног"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "graie"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "att'lage"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "koşum",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "قوشم"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "estâm",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "استام"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Säl"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "uprząż"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arnês"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "arreios"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ham"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "harnașament"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "úprjažʹ",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "у́пряжь"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sbrúja",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сбру́я"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uprjážka",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "упря́жка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "e.g. parachute strap",
"roman": "remní",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "ремни́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "horse collar",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xomút",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хому́т"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ха̑м"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "а̑м"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "hȃm"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ȃm"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "postroj"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arnés"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sele"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "seldon"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "guwarnisyon"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "koşum"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "úprjaž",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "у́пряж"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zbrúja",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "збру́я"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"word": "yên cương"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "restraint or support",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "haerna"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "armour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Harnisch"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "armour",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "harnesk"
}
],
"word": "harness"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)nəs",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)nəs/2 syllables",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"en:Armor"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "harneys"
},
"expansion": "Middle English harneys",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "harneis"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman harneis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "hernois",
"t": "equipment used in battle"
},
"expansion": "Old French hernois (“equipment used in battle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "*hernest"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse *hernest",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*nesaną",
"t": "to heal, recover"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *nesaną (“to heal, recover”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English harneys, harnes, harneis, harnais, herneis, from Anglo-Norman harneis and Old French hernois (“equipment used in battle”), believed to be from Old Norse *hernest, from herr (“army”) + nest (“provisions”) (from Proto-Germanic *nesaną (“to heal, recover”)). More at harry.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "harnesses",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "harnessing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "harnessed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "harnessed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "harness (third-person singular simple present harnesses, present participle harnessing, simple past and past participle harnessed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "Harness in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "They harnessed the horse to the post.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2013 July-August, Henry Petroski, “Geothermal Energy”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 4:",
"text": "Ancient nomads, wishing to ward off the evening chill and enjoy a meal around a campfire, had to collect wood and then spend time and effort coaxing the heat of friction out from between sticks to kindle a flame. With more settled people, animals were harnessed to capstans or caged in treadmills to turn grist into meal.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To place a harness on something; to tie up or restrain."
],
"links": [
[
"tie",
"tie"
],
[
"restrain",
"restrain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To place a harness on something; to tie up or restrain."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Imagine what might happen if it were possible to harness solar energy fully.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2013 August 16, John Vidal, “Dams endanger ecology of Himalayas”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 10, page 8:",
"text": "Most of the Himalayan rivers have been relatively untouched by dams near their sources. Now the two great Asian powers, India and China, are rushing to harness them as they cut through some of the world's deepest valleys.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To capture, control or put to use."
],
"links": [
[
"capture",
"capture"
],
[
"control",
"control"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To capture, control or put to use."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To equip with armour."
],
"links": [
[
"equip",
"equip"
],
[
"armour",
"armour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To equip with armour."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑː.nəs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɑɹ.nəs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-harness.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a8/En-us-harness.ogg/En-us-harness.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/En-us-harness.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhaː.nəs/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)nəs"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zaprjagam",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "запрягам"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "jungi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "valjastaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "harnacher"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "vorspannen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "aufzäumen"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "ratám",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "רָתַם"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "befog"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "felszerszámoz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "felkantároz"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "harnesizar"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "valjastaa"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "úim"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "imbracare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "imbragare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "imbrigliare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "frenare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "trattenere"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "greigh"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "koşmak",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "قوشمق"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "کنترل کردن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zaprząc"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zaprzęgać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ujarzmiać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ujarzmić"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "arrear"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "atrelar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "înhăma"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zaprjagátʹ",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "запряга́ть"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "yunakti",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "युनक्ति"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "zapreči"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "arrear"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "aparejar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "sela (på)"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "spänna för"
},
{
"alt": "~ to vid",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "binda"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "iunsi"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "mag-unsi"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"word": "koşmak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "koşum takmak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "koşum geçirmek"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zaprjaháty",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "запряга́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zaprjahtý",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "запрягти́"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vprjaháty",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "впряга́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vprjahtý",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "впрягти́"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "ateler"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "to place a harness on something",
"word": "alaxhî"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "valjastaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "ottaa käyttöön"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "nutzbar machen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "hasznosít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "felhasznál"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "kiaknáz"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "imbrigliare"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "utnytte"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "brūcan"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ujarzmić"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ujarzmiać"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "aproveitar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "aprovechar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "explotar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "utilizar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "emplear"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "instrumentalizar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "utnyttja"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "ta i anspråk"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "exploatera"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"note": "e.g. a waterfall",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "utbygga or bygga ut"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"word": "tämja"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"word": "koşmak"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "prybórkuvaty",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "прибо́ркувати"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"english": "to control",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "prybórkaty",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "прибо́ркати"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vykorystóvuvaty",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "використо́вувати"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"english": "to put to use",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "výkorystaty",
"sense": "to control or put to use",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ви́користати"
}
],
"word": "harness"
}
Download raw JSONL data for harness meaning in All languages combined (30.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.