See gaffer on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for gaffer meaning in All languages combined (22.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gaffer grip"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gaffer tape"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gaff",
"3": "-er",
"id2": "agent noun",
"t1": "hook"
},
"expansion": "gaff (“hook”) + -er",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cinema"
},
"expansion": "(cinema):",
"name": "sense"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gaff cloth",
"3": "gaff cloths"
},
"expansion": "gaff cloths",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gaff flap",
"3": "gaff flaps"
},
"expansion": "gaff flaps",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "glass"
},
"expansion": "(glass):",
"name": "sense"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From gaff (“hook”) + -er.\n* (cinema): The natural lighting on early film sets was adjusted by opening and closing flaps in the tent cloths, called gaff cloths or gaff flaps.\n* (glass):",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gaffers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gaffer (plural gaffers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Film",
"orig": "en:Film",
"parents": [
"Entertainment",
"Mass media",
"Culture",
"Media",
"Society",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "48 31 9 8 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "62 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A chief lighting technician for a motion-picture or television production."
],
"id": "en-gaffer-en-noun-qxYJrem5",
"links": [
[
"film",
"film#Noun"
],
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"lighting",
"lighting"
],
[
"technician",
"technician"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(film) A chief lighting technician for a motion-picture or television production."
],
"topics": [
"broadcasting",
"film",
"media",
"television"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "osvetitel",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "осветител"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gaffer"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vrchní osvětlovač"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"word": "gaffer"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"word": "valaistusmestari"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "éclairagiste"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Oberbeleuchter"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ljósameistari"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saoiste"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "responsabile luci"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "maestru de lumini"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glávnyj osvetítelʹ",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гла́вный освети́тель"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2003, Jennifer Bosveld, Glass Works, page 18",
"text": "The apprentice carries a gather of glass on the blowpipe to the gaffer's bench […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A glassblower."
],
"id": "en-gaffer-en-noun-K3jOznhH",
"links": [
[
"glassblower",
"glassblower"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡæfɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡæfə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æfə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-gaffer.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gaffer.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gaffer.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gaffer.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gaffer.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "gaffer"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "godfather"
},
"expansion": "godfather",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grandfather"
},
"expansion": "grandfather",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "compère"
},
"expansion": "French compère",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Gevatter"
},
"expansion": "German Gevatter",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Likely a contraction of godfather, but with the vowels influenced by grandfather. Compare French compère, German Gevatter.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gaffers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gaffer (plural gaffers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "gammer"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 5 45 32 1 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "en:Male people",
"parents": [
"Male",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 11 38 23 1 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "en:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 0 41 25 0 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1845, Thomas Cooper, The Purgatory of Suicides, Book the Fourth, Stanza IX",
"text": "If thou return not, Gammer o'er her pail\nWill sing in sorrow, 'neath the brinded cow,\nAnd Gaffer sigh over his nut-brown ale […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An old man."
],
"id": "en-gaffer-en-noun-lkKq4mat",
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) An old man."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "starče",
"sense": "old man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "старче"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "djadka",
"sense": "old man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дядка"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "old man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strejc"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "old man",
"word": "gammel mand"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "old man",
"word": "ukko"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "old man",
"word": "äijä"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "old man",
"word": "taata"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "moxuci",
"sense": "old man",
"word": "მოხუცი"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "beriḳaci",
"sense": "old man",
"word": "ბერიკაცი"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "beberi",
"sense": "old man",
"word": "ბებერი"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "old man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vecchio"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "old man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anziano"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "old man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "moșneag"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "old man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "moș"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "old man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bătrân"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "starík",
"sense": "old man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "стари́к"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2022, Liam McIlvanney, The Heretic, page 117",
"text": "And you're here to tell me what's what. Just like your bloody gaffer promised.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The leader of a group or team, such as a boss, foreman, coach, or publican."
],
"id": "en-gaffer-en-noun-7gOyNDjf",
"links": [
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"boss",
"boss"
],
[
"foreman",
"foreman"
],
[
"coach",
"coach"
],
[
"publican",
"publican"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, informal) The leader of a group or team, such as a boss, foreman, coach, or publican."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "33 67 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "brigadir",
"sense": "foreman",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бригадир"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 67 0 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "foreman",
"word": "formand"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 67 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "foreman",
"word": "pomo"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 67 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "foreman",
"word": "kymppi"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 67 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "foreman",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "contre-maître"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 67 0 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "atistavi",
"sense": "foreman",
"word": "ათისთავი"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 67 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "foreman",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caposquadra"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 67 0 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "foreman",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "maistru"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 67 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "desjátnik",
"sense": "foreman",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "деся́тник"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 67 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "brigadír",
"sense": "foreman",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бригади́р"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A sailor."
],
"id": "en-gaffer-en-noun-Z5jKEcCS",
"links": [
[
"sailor",
"sailor"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sailor",
"word": "pikipöksy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mezɣvauri",
"sense": "sailor",
"word": "მეზღვაური"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Canadian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The baby in the house."
],
"id": "en-gaffer-en-noun-FoXq2MPx",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Canada) The baby in the house."
],
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
}
],
"word": "gaffer"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "gaffe",
"3": "-er"
},
"expansion": "gaffe + -er",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From gaffe + -er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fr-conj-auto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffant",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fɑ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ayant + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"multiword-construction",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffé",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffe",
"ipa": "/ɡaf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffes",
"ipa": "/ɡaf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffe",
"ipa": "/ɡaf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffons",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffez",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffent",
"ipa": "/ɡaf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffais",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffais",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffait",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffions",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffiez",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffaient",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffai",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffas",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffa",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffâmes",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fam/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffâtes",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fat/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffèrent",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fɛʁ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferai",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferas",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffera",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferons",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferez",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferont",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferais",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferais",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferait",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferions",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fə.ʁjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferiez",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fə.ʁje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferaient",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "future of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffe",
"ipa": "/ɡaf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffes",
"ipa": "/ɡaf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffe",
"ipa": "/ɡaf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffions",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffiez",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffent",
"ipa": "/ɡaf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffasse",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffasses",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffât",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffassions",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fa.sjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffassiez",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fa.sje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffassent",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffe",
"ipa": "/ɡaf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffons",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffez",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gaffer",
"name": "fr-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "fr-conj-auto"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to make a gaffe; to mess up; botch up"
],
"id": "en-gaffer-fr-verb-DyWiU6Yr",
"links": [
[
"gaffe",
"gaffe"
],
[
"mess up",
"mess up"
],
[
"botch up",
"botch up"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French terms suffixed with -er",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to gaffer tape"
],
"id": "en-gaffer-fr-verb-kLuj50es",
"links": [
[
"gaffer tape",
"gaffer tape"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-gaffer.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-gaffer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-gaffer.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-gaffer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-gaffer.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "gaffer"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "gaffer",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gaffer",
"name": "nrf-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Jersey Norman",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norman entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to grasp"
],
"id": "en-gaffer-nrm-verb-qoAQzhDA",
"links": [
[
"grasp",
"grasp"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Jersey) to grasp"
],
"tags": [
"Jersey"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Jer-gaffer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/Jer-gaffer.ogg/Jer-gaffer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Jer-gaffer.ogg",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"text": "Audio (Jersey)"
}
],
"word": "gaffer"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "caffer",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffer",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghaffer",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "chaffer",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "mutated verb"
},
"expansion": "gaffer",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "caffer"
},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "caffer"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Soft mutation of caffer."
],
"id": "en-gaffer-cy-verb-2prGTO7z",
"links": [
[
"caffer",
"caffer#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"mutation-soft"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡafɛr/"
}
],
"word": "gaffer"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Requests for review of Danish translations",
"Rhymes:English/æfə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/æfə(ɹ)/2 syllables",
"en:Male people",
"en:Occupations",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gaffer grip"
},
{
"word": "gaffer tape"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gaff",
"3": "-er",
"id2": "agent noun",
"t1": "hook"
},
"expansion": "gaff (“hook”) + -er",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cinema"
},
"expansion": "(cinema):",
"name": "sense"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gaff cloth",
"3": "gaff cloths"
},
"expansion": "gaff cloths",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gaff flap",
"3": "gaff flaps"
},
"expansion": "gaff flaps",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "glass"
},
"expansion": "(glass):",
"name": "sense"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From gaff (“hook”) + -er.\n* (cinema): The natural lighting on early film sets was adjusted by opening and closing flaps in the tent cloths, called gaff cloths or gaff flaps.\n* (glass):",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gaffers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gaffer (plural gaffers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Film"
],
"glosses": [
"A chief lighting technician for a motion-picture or television production."
],
"links": [
[
"film",
"film#Noun"
],
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"lighting",
"lighting"
],
[
"technician",
"technician"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(film) A chief lighting technician for a motion-picture or television production."
],
"topics": [
"broadcasting",
"film",
"media",
"television"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2003, Jennifer Bosveld, Glass Works, page 18",
"text": "The apprentice carries a gather of glass on the blowpipe to the gaffer's bench […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A glassblower."
],
"links": [
[
"glassblower",
"glassblower"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡæfɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡæfə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æfə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-gaffer.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gaffer.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gaffer.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gaffer.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gaffer.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "osvetitel",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "осветител"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gaffer"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vrchní osvětlovač"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"word": "gaffer"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"word": "valaistusmestari"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "éclairagiste"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Oberbeleuchter"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ljósameistari"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saoiste"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "responsabile luci"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "maestru de lumini"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glávnyj osvetítelʹ",
"sense": "chief lighting technician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гла́вный освети́тель"
}
],
"word": "gaffer"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"en:Male people",
"en:Occupations",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "godfather"
},
"expansion": "godfather",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grandfather"
},
"expansion": "grandfather",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "compère"
},
"expansion": "French compère",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Gevatter"
},
"expansion": "German Gevatter",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Likely a contraction of godfather, but with the vowels influenced by grandfather. Compare French compère, German Gevatter.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gaffers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gaffer (plural gaffers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "gammer"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English colloquialisms",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1845, Thomas Cooper, The Purgatory of Suicides, Book the Fourth, Stanza IX",
"text": "If thou return not, Gammer o'er her pail\nWill sing in sorrow, 'neath the brinded cow,\nAnd Gaffer sigh over his nut-brown ale […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An old man."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) An old man."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English informal terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2022, Liam McIlvanney, The Heretic, page 117",
"text": "And you're here to tell me what's what. Just like your bloody gaffer promised.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The leader of a group or team, such as a boss, foreman, coach, or publican."
],
"links": [
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"boss",
"boss"
],
[
"foreman",
"foreman"
],
[
"coach",
"coach"
],
[
"publican",
"publican"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, informal) The leader of a group or team, such as a boss, foreman, coach, or publican."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A sailor."
],
"links": [
[
"sailor",
"sailor"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Canadian English"
],
"glosses": [
"The baby in the house."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Canada) The baby in the house."
],
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "starče",
"sense": "old man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "старче"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "djadka",
"sense": "old man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дядка"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "old man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strejc"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "old man",
"word": "gammel mand"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "old man",
"word": "ukko"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "old man",
"word": "äijä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "old man",
"word": "taata"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "moxuci",
"sense": "old man",
"word": "მოხუცი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "beriḳaci",
"sense": "old man",
"word": "ბერიკაცი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "beberi",
"sense": "old man",
"word": "ბებერი"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "old man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vecchio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "old man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anziano"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "old man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "moșneag"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "old man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "moș"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "old man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bătrân"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "starík",
"sense": "old man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "стари́к"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "brigadir",
"sense": "foreman",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бригадир"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "foreman",
"word": "formand"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "foreman",
"word": "pomo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "foreman",
"word": "kymppi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "foreman",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "contre-maître"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "atistavi",
"sense": "foreman",
"word": "ათისთავი"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "foreman",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caposquadra"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "foreman",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "maistru"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "desjátnik",
"sense": "foreman",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "деся́тник"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "brigadír",
"sense": "foreman",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бригади́р"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sailor",
"word": "pikipöksy"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mezɣvauri",
"sense": "sailor",
"word": "მეზღვაური"
}
],
"word": "gaffer"
}
{
"categories": [
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French first group verbs",
"French lemmas",
"French terms suffixed with -er",
"French terms with audio links",
"French verbs",
"French verbs with conjugation -er"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "gaffe",
"3": "-er"
},
"expansion": "gaffe + -er",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From gaffe + -er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fr-conj-auto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffant",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fɑ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ayant + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"multiword-construction",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffé",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffe",
"ipa": "/ɡaf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffes",
"ipa": "/ɡaf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffe",
"ipa": "/ɡaf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffons",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffez",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffent",
"ipa": "/ɡaf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffais",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffais",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffait",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffions",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffiez",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffaient",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffai",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffas",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffa",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffâmes",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fam/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffâtes",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fat/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffèrent",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fɛʁ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferai",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferas",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffera",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferons",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferez",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferont",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferais",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferais",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferait",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferions",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fə.ʁjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferiez",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fə.ʁje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gafferaient",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "future of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffe",
"ipa": "/ɡaf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffes",
"ipa": "/ɡaf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffe",
"ipa": "/ɡaf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffions",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffiez",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffent",
"ipa": "/ɡaf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffasse",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffasses",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffât",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffassions",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fa.sjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffassiez",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fa.sje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffassent",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffe",
"ipa": "/ɡaf/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffons",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffez",
"ipa": "/ɡa.fe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gaffer",
"name": "fr-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "fr-conj-auto"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to make a gaffe; to mess up; botch up"
],
"links": [
[
"gaffe",
"gaffe"
],
[
"mess up",
"mess up"
],
[
"botch up",
"botch up"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to gaffer tape"
],
"links": [
[
"gaffer tape",
"gaffer tape"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-gaffer.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-gaffer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-gaffer.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-gaffer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-gaffer.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "gaffer"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "gaffer",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gaffer",
"name": "nrf-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Jersey Norman",
"Norman entries with incorrect language header",
"Norman lemmas",
"Norman terms with audio links",
"Norman verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to grasp"
],
"links": [
[
"grasp",
"grasp"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Jersey) to grasp"
],
"tags": [
"Jersey"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Jer-gaffer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/Jer-gaffer.ogg/Jer-gaffer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Jer-gaffer.ogg",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"text": "Audio (Jersey)"
}
],
"word": "gaffer"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "caffer",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "gaffer",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghaffer",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "chaffer",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "mutated verb"
},
"expansion": "gaffer",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "caffer"
},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh mutated verbs",
"Welsh non-lemma forms",
"Welsh soft-mutation forms",
"Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "caffer"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Soft mutation of caffer."
],
"links": [
[
"caffer",
"caffer#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"mutation-soft"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡafɛr/"
}
],
"word": "gaffer"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Welsh is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: caffer, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"gaffer"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "gaffer",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Welsh is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: nghaffer, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"gaffer"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "gaffer",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Welsh is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: chaffer, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"gaffer"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "gaffer",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.