See fortify on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for fortify meaning in All languages combined (33.5kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biofortify"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"rare"
],
"word": "defortify"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fortifiable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "fortified"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fortifier"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"word": "fortifying"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "refortify"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unfortify"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-",
"4": "*dʰerǵʰ-",
"5": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "fortifien"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fortifien",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fortfien",
"t": "to strengthen (a castle, etc.) from attack; to strengthen (an army, etc.); to strengthen (a person), aid, support; to reinforce, support; to improve; to increase the efficacy of"
},
"expansion": "fortfien (“to strengthen (a castle, etc.) from attack; to strengthen (an army, etc.); to strengthen (a person), aid, support; to reinforce, support; to improve; to increase the efficacy of”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fortifier"
},
"expansion": "Old French fortifier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fortifier"
},
"expansion": "French fortifier",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "fortificāre"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin fortificāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "present"
},
"expansion": "present",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "active"
},
"expansion": "active",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "fortificō",
"t": "to strengthen, fortify"
},
"expansion": "fortificō (“to strengthen, fortify”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "fortis",
"t": "powerful, strong"
},
"expansion": "Latin fortis (“powerful, strong”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-",
"t": "to ascend, rise up; to be elevated or up high"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“to ascend, rise up; to be elevated or up high”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰerǵʰ-",
"t": "to be firm; robust, strong"
},
"expansion": "*dʰerǵʰ- (“to be firm; robust, strong”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "causative"
},
"expansion": "causative",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "factitive"
},
"expansion": "factitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ficō",
"pos": "suffix forming causative or factitive, or other verbs"
},
"expansion": "-ficō (suffix forming causative or factitive, or other verbs)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English fortifien, fortfien (“to strengthen (a castle, etc.) from attack; to strengthen (an army, etc.); to strengthen (a person), aid, support; to reinforce, support; to improve; to increase the efficacy of”), from Old French fortifier (modern French fortifier), from Late Latin fortificāre, the present active infinitive of fortificō (“to strengthen, fortify”), from Latin fortis (“powerful, strong”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“to ascend, rise up; to be elevated or up high”) or *dʰerǵʰ- (“to be firm; robust, strong”)) + -ficō (suffix forming causative or factitive, or other verbs).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fortifies",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fortifying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fortified",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "fortified",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fortify",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fortify (third-person singular simple present fortifies, present participle fortifying, simple past and past participle fortified)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"for‧ti‧fy"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "17 3 3 3 0 18 3 25 1 2 4 22",
"sense": "to strengthen (a place, etc.) by installing fortifications",
"word": "castellate"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 3 3 3 0 18 3 25 1 2 4 22",
"sense": "to strengthen (a place, etc.) by installing fortifications",
"word": "incastellate"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 3 3 3 0 18 3 25 1 2 4 22",
"sense": "to strengthen (a place, etc.) by installing fortifications",
"word": "incastle"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"old": "1",
"past": "fortified",
"past_2sg_old": "fortifiedst",
"pres_2sg_old": "fortifiest",
"pres_3sg": "fortifies",
"pres_3sg_old": "fortifieth"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fort"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fortification"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fortress"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1562, William Bullein, “The Booke of Compoundes”, in Bulleins Bulwarke of Defence against All Sicknesse, Soarenesse, and Woundes that Doo Dayly Assaulte Mankinde: […], London: […] Thomas Marshe, […], published 1579, →OCLC, folio 15, verso",
"text": "[I]t [“oleum de costo”] fortifyeth yͤ ſtomack and Lyuer, it keepeth the hayre from fallyng of, & the head from horeneſſe [hoaryness], it cauſeth good colour, and ſauour in all the body.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1863, “Psalm CXXXVIII [Verse 3]”, in W[illiam] Kay, transl., The Psalms, Translated from the Hebrew, […], Calcutta, West Bengal: R. C. Lepage and Co., →OCLC, page 304",
"text": "In the day I called, Thou [God] answeredst me; / Thou fortifiedst me with strength in my soul.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1873 February, Émile Souvestre, “What One Learns Looking Out of a Window”, in A. W. C., transl., edited by [Roderick] Noble, The Cape Monthly Magazine, volume VI (New Series), Cape Town, Cape Colony: J. C. Juta, →OCLC, page 96",
"text": "Thou [poverty] fortifiest the body, thou strengthenest the soul; and thanks to thee, this life to which the rich cling to as a rock, becomes as a skiff whose anchor death can part without awakening our despair.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something); to strengthen."
],
"id": "en-fortify-en-verb-7llDPs14",
"links": [
[
"give",
"give#Verb"
],
[
"power",
"power#Noun"
],
[
"strength",
"strength#Noun"
],
[
"vigour",
"vigour"
],
[
"strengthen",
"strengthen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something); to strengthen."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "39 2 3 12 0 11 2 11 1 1 5 12",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "usilvam",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "усилвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 3 12 0 11 2 11 1 1 5 12",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podsilvam",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "подсилвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 3 12 0 11 2 11 1 1 5 12",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "增強"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 3 12 0 11 2 11 1 1 5 12",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zēngqiáng",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "增强"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 3 12 0 11 2 11 1 1 5 12",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhènzuò",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "振作"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 3 12 0 11 2 11 1 1 5 12",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "壯膽"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 3 12 0 11 2 11 1 1 5 12",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhuàngdǎn",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "壮胆"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 3 12 0 11 2 11 1 1 5 12",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "forstærke"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 3 12 0 11 2 11 1 1 5 12",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "terästää"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 3 12 0 11 2 11 1 1 5 12",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "vahvistaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 3 12 0 11 2 11 1 1 5 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "renforcer"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 3 12 0 11 2 11 1 1 5 12",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "stärken"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 3 12 0 11 2 11 1 1 5 12",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "daingnigh"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 3 12 0 11 2 11 1 1 5 12",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "neartaigh"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 3 12 0 11 2 11 1 1 5 12",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zásili",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "за́сили"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 3 12 0 11 2 11 1 1 5 12",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "whakapūioio"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 3 12 0 11 2 11 1 1 5 12",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "fortalecer"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 3 12 0 11 2 11 1 1 5 12",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "fortifica"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 2 3 12 0 11 2 11 1 1 5 12",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "întări"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1621, Thomas Fitzherbert, chapter VII, in The Obmutesce of F. T. to the Epphata of D. [Samuel] Collins. Or The Reply of F. T. to D. Collins His Defence of My Lord of Winchesters Answere to Cardinall [Robert] Bellarmines Apology. […], [Saint-Omer, France]: [English College Press], →OCLC, paragraph 44, pages 211–212",
"text": "[I]t may ſerue for no ſmal iuſtification of the tranſlatour that he fortifyeth his tranſlation vvith the authority of ſuch an auncient manuſcript, vvritten aboue eleuen hundred yeares ago, […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To support (one's or someone's opinion, statement, etc.) by producing evidence, etc.; to confirm, to corroborate."
],
"id": "en-fortify-en-verb-Wth1u06W",
"links": [
[
"support",
"support#Verb"
],
[
"opinion",
"opinion#Noun"
],
[
"statement",
"statement#Noun"
],
[
"producing",
"produce#Verb"
],
[
"evidence",
"evidence#Noun"
],
[
"confirm",
"confirm#Adjective"
],
[
"corroborate",
"corroborate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To support (one's or someone's opinion, statement, etc.) by producing evidence, etc.; to confirm, to corroborate."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 8 21 2 3 9 11 9 5 4 23 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Soy milk is often fortified with calcium.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1979 July, “What’s in Cereals”, in Sidney Sulkin, editor, Changing Times: The Kiplinger Magazine, volume 33, number 7, Washington, D.C.: Austin H. Kiplinger, Kiplinger Washington Editors, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 47, column 1",
"text": "Compare the nutrition information label of a regular ready-to-eat fortified cereal with that of a presweetened brand and you'll note that, although the sweetened one's sugar content is higher, the fortification is virtually identical.\nAn adjective use.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients, especially minerals or vitamins."
],
"id": "en-fortify-en-verb-hbdVtrWr",
"links": [
[
"increase",
"increase#Verb"
],
[
"nutritional",
"nutritional"
],
[
"value",
"value#Noun"
],
[
"food",
"food"
],
[
"adding",
"add#Verb"
],
[
"ingredient",
"ingredient"
],
[
"minerals",
"mineral#Noun"
],
[
"vitamin",
"vitamin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients, especially minerals or vitamins."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 1 43 1 0 3 21 3 1 17 3 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podsilvam",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "подсилвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 43 1 0 3 21 3 1 17 3 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "強化"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 43 1 0 3 21 3 1 17 3 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiánghuà",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "强化"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 43 1 0 3 21 3 1 17 3 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "berige"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 43 1 0 3 21 3 1 17 3 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "terästää"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 43 1 0 3 21 3 1 17 3 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "vahventaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 43 1 0 3 21 3 1 17 3 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "vahvistaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 43 1 0 3 21 3 1 17 3 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "supplémenter"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 43 1 0 3 21 3 1 17 3 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "anreichern"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 43 1 0 3 21 3 1 17 3 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "arricchire"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 43 1 0 3 21 3 1 17 3 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zbógati",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "збо́гати"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 43 1 0 3 21 3 1 17 3 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "dódade",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "до́даде"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 43 1 0 3 21 3 1 17 3 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "fortalecer"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 43 1 0 3 21 3 1 17 3 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "îmbogăți"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 43 1 0 3 21 3 1 17 3 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "enriquecer"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 43 1 0 3 21 3 1 17 3 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "berika"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To impart fortitude or moral strength to (someone or their determination, or something); to encourage."
],
"id": "en-fortify-en-verb-4twplc~i",
"links": [
[
"impart",
"impart"
],
[
"fortitude",
"fortitude"
],
[
"moral",
"moral#Adjective"
],
[
"determination",
"determination"
],
[
"encourage",
"encourage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative)",
"To impart fortitude or moral strength to (someone or their determination, or something); to encourage."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To make (something) defensible against attack by hostile forces."
],
"id": "en-fortify-en-verb-97EBmCiU",
"links": [
[
"defensible",
"defensible"
],
[
"attack",
"attack#Noun"
],
[
"hostile",
"hostile#Adjective"
],
[
"forces",
"force#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative)",
"To make (something) defensible against attack by hostile forces."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 1 0 1 81 8 2 2 2 1 2 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make (something) defensible against attack by hostile forces",
"word": "linnoittaa"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To make (something) structurally strong; to strengthen."
],
"id": "en-fortify-en-verb-jkOb1F~p",
"links": [
[
"make",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"structurally",
"structurally"
],
[
"strong",
"strong#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(archaic) To make (something) structurally strong; to strengthen."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "en:Military",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 8 21 2 3 9 11 9 5 4 23 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.), or put (it or them) in a defensive position."
],
"id": "en-fortify-en-verb-s7BqUvDY",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"increase",
"increase#Verb"
],
[
"defences",
"defence#Noun"
],
[
"army",
"army"
],
[
"soldiers",
"soldier#Noun"
],
[
"put",
"put#Verb"
],
[
"defensive",
"defensive#Adjective"
],
[
"position",
"position#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(military)",
"To increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.), or put (it or them) in a defensive position."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ukrepjavam",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "укрепявам"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "加強"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiāqiáng",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "加强"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "設防"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shèfáng",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "设防"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "befæste"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "fortigi"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "fortikigi"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "vahvistaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "linnoittaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "fortifier"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "befestigen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "verstärken"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "okhuróō",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "ὀχυρόω"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "fortifikar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "fortigar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ganghage hada",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "강하게 하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "fortificō"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "corrōborō"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "ēmūniō"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "firmo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "munio"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "praemunio"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zácvrsti",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "за́цврсти"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zákrepi",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "за́крепи"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "garnysshen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "befeste"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "umocnić"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "fortificar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "fortalecer"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "pukaray"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "fortifica"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ukrepljátʹ",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "укрепля́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ukrepítʹ",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "укрепи́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "fortalecer"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 15 1 1 2 41 3 11 11 11 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "befästa"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "en:Military",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To secure and strengthen (a place, its walls, etc.) by installing fortifications or other military works."
],
"id": "en-fortify-en-verb-~smrhzl1",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"secure",
"secure#Verb"
],
[
"place",
"place#Noun"
],
[
"walls",
"wall#Noun"
],
[
"installing",
"install#Verb"
],
[
"fortification",
"fortification"
],
[
"military",
"military#Adjective"
],
[
"works",
"work#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(military)",
"To secure and strengthen (a place, its walls, etc.) by installing fortifications or other military works."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "11 2 2 2 1 12 2 36 2 2 12 15",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to secure and strengthen (a place, etc.) by installing fortifications or other military works",
"word": "linnoittaa"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "en:Military",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To provide (a city, a fortress, an army, etc.) with equipment or soldiers."
],
"id": "en-fortify-en-verb-VtA7Fnit",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"provide",
"provide"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"fortress",
"fortress#Noun"
],
[
"equipment",
"equipment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(military)",
"(obsolete) To provide (a city, a fortress, an army, etc.) with equipment or soldiers."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Wine",
"orig": "en:Wine",
"parents": [
"Alcoholic beverages",
"Beverages",
"Recreational drugs",
"Drinking",
"Food and drink",
"Liquids",
"Drugs",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Biology"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 38 0 0 0 0 0 0 62 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Food and drink",
"orig": "en:Food and drink",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Sherry is made by fortifying wine.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content."
],
"id": "en-fortify-en-verb-DuLEG9aD",
"links": [
[
"winemaking",
"winemaking"
],
[
"add",
"add#Verb"
],
[
"spirits",
"spirits#Noun"
],
[
"wine",
"wine#Noun"
],
[
"alcohol",
"alcohol"
],
[
"content",
"content#Noun"
]
],
"qualifier": "winemaking",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(winemaking) To add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 0 11 1 0 1 10 3 1 66 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "加強"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 11 1 0 1 10 3 1 66 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiāqiáng",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "加强"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 11 1 0 1 10 3 1 66 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "強化"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 11 1 0 1 10 3 1 66 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiánghuà",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "强化"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 11 1 0 1 10 3 1 66 3 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "spidse"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 11 1 0 1 10 3 1 66 3 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "versterken"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 11 1 0 1 10 3 1 66 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "terästää"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 11 1 0 1 10 3 1 66 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "väkevöidä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 11 1 0 1 10 3 1 66 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "verstärken"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 11 1 0 1 10 3 1 66 3 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "alcooliza"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 11 1 0 1 10 3 1 66 3 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "spetsa"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "en:Military",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 10 16 2 2 12 15 11 2 4 21 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 8 21 2 3 9 11 9 5 4 23 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 7 15 3 4 8 15 9 6 5 24 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 7 15 5 5 9 12 7 5 6 20 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -fy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To install fortifications or other military works; also (sometimes figurative), to put up a defensive position."
],
"id": "en-fortify-en-verb-I45cdKCU",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"(military) To install fortifications or other military works; also (sometimes figurative), to put up a defensive position."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 2 1 1 1 10 13 3 3 63 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to install fortifications or other military works; to put up a defensive position",
"word": "linnoittautua"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To become strong; to strengthen."
],
"id": "en-fortify-en-verb-4GlGAnxW",
"links": [
[
"become",
"become"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"(obsolete) To become strong; to strengthen."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔːtɪfaɪ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔɹtəˌfaɪ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-ɾə-]",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-fortify.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fortify.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fortify.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fortify.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fortify.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "fortify"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰerǵʰ-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰerǵʰ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -fy",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"en:Food and drink"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "biofortify"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"rare"
],
"word": "defortify"
},
{
"word": "fortifiable"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "fortified"
},
{
"word": "fortifier"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"word": "fortifying"
},
{
"word": "refortify"
},
{
"word": "unfortify"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-",
"4": "*dʰerǵʰ-",
"5": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "fortifien"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fortifien",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fortfien",
"t": "to strengthen (a castle, etc.) from attack; to strengthen (an army, etc.); to strengthen (a person), aid, support; to reinforce, support; to improve; to increase the efficacy of"
},
"expansion": "fortfien (“to strengthen (a castle, etc.) from attack; to strengthen (an army, etc.); to strengthen (a person), aid, support; to reinforce, support; to improve; to increase the efficacy of”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fortifier"
},
"expansion": "Old French fortifier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fortifier"
},
"expansion": "French fortifier",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "fortificāre"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin fortificāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "present"
},
"expansion": "present",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "active"
},
"expansion": "active",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "fortificō",
"t": "to strengthen, fortify"
},
"expansion": "fortificō (“to strengthen, fortify”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "fortis",
"t": "powerful, strong"
},
"expansion": "Latin fortis (“powerful, strong”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-",
"t": "to ascend, rise up; to be elevated or up high"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“to ascend, rise up; to be elevated or up high”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰerǵʰ-",
"t": "to be firm; robust, strong"
},
"expansion": "*dʰerǵʰ- (“to be firm; robust, strong”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "causative"
},
"expansion": "causative",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "factitive"
},
"expansion": "factitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ficō",
"pos": "suffix forming causative or factitive, or other verbs"
},
"expansion": "-ficō (suffix forming causative or factitive, or other verbs)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English fortifien, fortfien (“to strengthen (a castle, etc.) from attack; to strengthen (an army, etc.); to strengthen (a person), aid, support; to reinforce, support; to improve; to increase the efficacy of”), from Old French fortifier (modern French fortifier), from Late Latin fortificāre, the present active infinitive of fortificō (“to strengthen, fortify”), from Latin fortis (“powerful, strong”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“to ascend, rise up; to be elevated or up high”) or *dʰerǵʰ- (“to be firm; robust, strong”)) + -ficō (suffix forming causative or factitive, or other verbs).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fortifies",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fortifying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fortified",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "fortified",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fortify",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fortify (third-person singular simple present fortifies, present participle fortifying, simple past and past participle fortified)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"for‧ti‧fy"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"sense": "to strengthen (a place, etc.) by installing fortifications",
"word": "castellate"
},
{
"sense": "to strengthen (a place, etc.) by installing fortifications",
"word": "incastellate"
},
{
"sense": "to strengthen (a place, etc.) by installing fortifications",
"word": "incastle"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"old": "1",
"past": "fortified",
"past_2sg_old": "fortifiedst",
"pres_2sg_old": "fortifiest",
"pres_3sg": "fortifies",
"pres_3sg_old": "fortifieth"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "fort"
},
{
"word": "fortification"
},
{
"word": "fortress"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1562, William Bullein, “The Booke of Compoundes”, in Bulleins Bulwarke of Defence against All Sicknesse, Soarenesse, and Woundes that Doo Dayly Assaulte Mankinde: […], London: […] Thomas Marshe, […], published 1579, →OCLC, folio 15, verso",
"text": "[I]t [“oleum de costo”] fortifyeth yͤ ſtomack and Lyuer, it keepeth the hayre from fallyng of, & the head from horeneſſe [hoaryness], it cauſeth good colour, and ſauour in all the body.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1863, “Psalm CXXXVIII [Verse 3]”, in W[illiam] Kay, transl., The Psalms, Translated from the Hebrew, […], Calcutta, West Bengal: R. C. Lepage and Co., →OCLC, page 304",
"text": "In the day I called, Thou [God] answeredst me; / Thou fortifiedst me with strength in my soul.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1873 February, Émile Souvestre, “What One Learns Looking Out of a Window”, in A. W. C., transl., edited by [Roderick] Noble, The Cape Monthly Magazine, volume VI (New Series), Cape Town, Cape Colony: J. C. Juta, →OCLC, page 96",
"text": "Thou [poverty] fortifiest the body, thou strengthenest the soul; and thanks to thee, this life to which the rich cling to as a rock, becomes as a skiff whose anchor death can part without awakening our despair.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something); to strengthen."
],
"links": [
[
"give",
"give#Verb"
],
[
"power",
"power#Noun"
],
[
"strength",
"strength#Noun"
],
[
"vigour",
"vigour"
],
[
"strengthen",
"strengthen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something); to strengthen."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1621, Thomas Fitzherbert, chapter VII, in The Obmutesce of F. T. to the Epphata of D. [Samuel] Collins. Or The Reply of F. T. to D. Collins His Defence of My Lord of Winchesters Answere to Cardinall [Robert] Bellarmines Apology. […], [Saint-Omer, France]: [English College Press], →OCLC, paragraph 44, pages 211–212",
"text": "[I]t may ſerue for no ſmal iuſtification of the tranſlatour that he fortifyeth his tranſlation vvith the authority of ſuch an auncient manuſcript, vvritten aboue eleuen hundred yeares ago, […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To support (one's or someone's opinion, statement, etc.) by producing evidence, etc.; to confirm, to corroborate."
],
"links": [
[
"support",
"support#Verb"
],
[
"opinion",
"opinion#Noun"
],
[
"statement",
"statement#Noun"
],
[
"producing",
"produce#Verb"
],
[
"evidence",
"evidence#Noun"
],
[
"confirm",
"confirm#Adjective"
],
[
"corroborate",
"corroborate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To support (one's or someone's opinion, statement, etc.) by producing evidence, etc.; to confirm, to corroborate."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Soy milk is often fortified with calcium.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1979 July, “What’s in Cereals”, in Sidney Sulkin, editor, Changing Times: The Kiplinger Magazine, volume 33, number 7, Washington, D.C.: Austin H. Kiplinger, Kiplinger Washington Editors, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 47, column 1",
"text": "Compare the nutrition information label of a regular ready-to-eat fortified cereal with that of a presweetened brand and you'll note that, although the sweetened one's sugar content is higher, the fortification is virtually identical.\nAn adjective use.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients, especially minerals or vitamins."
],
"links": [
[
"increase",
"increase#Verb"
],
[
"nutritional",
"nutritional"
],
[
"value",
"value#Noun"
],
[
"food",
"food"
],
[
"adding",
"add#Verb"
],
[
"ingredient",
"ingredient"
],
[
"minerals",
"mineral#Noun"
],
[
"vitamin",
"vitamin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients, especially minerals or vitamins."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To impart fortitude or moral strength to (someone or their determination, or something); to encourage."
],
"links": [
[
"impart",
"impart"
],
[
"fortitude",
"fortitude"
],
[
"moral",
"moral#Adjective"
],
[
"determination",
"determination"
],
[
"encourage",
"encourage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative)",
"To impart fortitude or moral strength to (someone or their determination, or something); to encourage."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To make (something) defensible against attack by hostile forces."
],
"links": [
[
"defensible",
"defensible"
],
[
"attack",
"attack#Noun"
],
[
"hostile",
"hostile#Adjective"
],
[
"forces",
"force#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative)",
"To make (something) defensible against attack by hostile forces."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To make (something) structurally strong; to strengthen."
],
"links": [
[
"make",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"structurally",
"structurally"
],
[
"strong",
"strong#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(archaic) To make (something) structurally strong; to strengthen."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Military"
],
"glosses": [
"To increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.), or put (it or them) in a defensive position."
],
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"increase",
"increase#Verb"
],
[
"defences",
"defence#Noun"
],
[
"army",
"army"
],
[
"soldiers",
"soldier#Noun"
],
[
"put",
"put#Verb"
],
[
"defensive",
"defensive#Adjective"
],
[
"position",
"position#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(military)",
"To increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.), or put (it or them) in a defensive position."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Military"
],
"glosses": [
"To secure and strengthen (a place, its walls, etc.) by installing fortifications or other military works."
],
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"secure",
"secure#Verb"
],
[
"place",
"place#Noun"
],
[
"walls",
"wall#Noun"
],
[
"installing",
"install#Verb"
],
[
"fortification",
"fortification"
],
[
"military",
"military#Adjective"
],
[
"works",
"work#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(military)",
"To secure and strengthen (a place, its walls, etc.) by installing fortifications or other military works."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Military"
],
"glosses": [
"To provide (a city, a fortress, an army, etc.) with equipment or soldiers."
],
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"provide",
"provide"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"fortress",
"fortress#Noun"
],
[
"equipment",
"equipment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(military)",
"(obsolete) To provide (a city, a fortress, an army, etc.) with equipment or soldiers."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Wine"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Sherry is made by fortifying wine.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content."
],
"links": [
[
"winemaking",
"winemaking"
],
[
"add",
"add#Verb"
],
[
"spirits",
"spirits#Noun"
],
[
"wine",
"wine#Noun"
],
[
"alcohol",
"alcohol"
],
[
"content",
"content#Noun"
]
],
"qualifier": "winemaking",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(winemaking) To add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"en:Military"
],
"glosses": [
"To install fortifications or other military works; also (sometimes figurative), to put up a defensive position."
],
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"(military) To install fortifications or other military works; also (sometimes figurative), to put up a defensive position."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To become strong; to strengthen."
],
"links": [
[
"become",
"become"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"(obsolete) To become strong; to strengthen."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔːtɪfaɪ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔɹtəˌfaɪ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-ɾə-]",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-fortify.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fortify.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fortify.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fortify.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fortify.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "usilvam",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "усилвам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podsilvam",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "подсилвам"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "增強"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zēngqiáng",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "增强"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhènzuò",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "振作"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "壯膽"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhuàngdǎn",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "壮胆"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "forstærke"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "terästää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "vahvistaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "renforcer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "stärken"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "daingnigh"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "neartaigh"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zásili",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "за́сили"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "whakapūioio"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "fortalecer"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "fortifica"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to give power, strength, or vigour to (oneself or someone, or to something) — see also strengthen",
"word": "întări"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podsilvam",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "подсилвам"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "強化"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiánghuà",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "强化"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "berige"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "terästää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "vahventaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "vahvistaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "supplémenter"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "anreichern"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "arricchire"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zbógati",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "збо́гати"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "dódade",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "до́даде"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "fortalecer"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "îmbogăți"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "enriquecer"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to increase the nutritional value of (food) by adding ingredients",
"word": "berika"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make (something) defensible against attack by hostile forces",
"word": "linnoittaa"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ukrepjavam",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "укрепявам"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "加強"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiāqiáng",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "加强"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "設防"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shèfáng",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "设防"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "befæste"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "fortigi"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "fortikigi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "vahvistaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "linnoittaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "fortifier"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "befestigen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "verstärken"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "okhuróō",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "ὀχυρόω"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "fortifikar"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "fortigar"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ganghage hada",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "강하게 하다"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "fortificō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "corrōborō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "ēmūniō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "firmo"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "munio"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "praemunio"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zácvrsti",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "за́цврсти"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zákrepi",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "за́крепи"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "garnysshen"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "befeste"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "umocnić"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "fortificar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "fortalecer"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "pukaray"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "fortifica"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ukrepljátʹ",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "укрепля́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ukrepítʹ",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "укрепи́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "fortalecer"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to increase the defences of (an army, soldiers, etc.); to put (it or them) in a defensive position",
"word": "befästa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to secure and strengthen (a place, etc.) by installing fortifications or other military works",
"word": "linnoittaa"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "加強"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiāqiáng",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "加强"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "強化"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiánghuà",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "强化"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "spidse"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "versterken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "terästää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "väkevöidä"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "verstärken"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "alcooliza"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to add spirits to (wine) to increase the alcohol content",
"word": "spetsa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to install fortifications or other military works; to put up a defensive position",
"word": "linnoittautua"
}
],
"word": "fortify"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.