See firman on Wiktionary
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"ref": "1821 August 8, [Lord Byron], Don Juan, Cantos III, IV, and V, London: […] Thomas Davison, […], →OCLC, canto IV, (please specify the stanza number):",
"text": "his Sublimity's firman, The most imperative of sovereign spells, / Which every body does without who can […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1990, Peter Hopkirk, The Great Game, Folio Society, published 2010, page 134:",
"text": "He managed to obtain from the vizier a firman bearing the Emir's personal seal and ordering all Bokharan officials to assist the party in every way possible.",
"type": "quote"
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{
"ref": "2005, Coleman Phillipson, International Law And The Great War:",
"text": "It will be noted that the title of Sultan was adopted partly because that of Khedive had been conferred by an Ottoman firman.",
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],
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"word": "pharmaund"
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"word": "phirmaund"
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{
"code": "bn",
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"word": "ফরমান"
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"derived": [
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"word": "firmar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person plural present indicative of firmar"
],
"id": "en-firman-es-verb-he18-wEq",
"links": [
[
"firmar",
"firmar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "firman"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "firman",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 11 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "firma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite singular of firma"
],
"id": "en-firman-sv-noun-EnVCbhJF",
"links": [
[
"firma",
"firma#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "firman"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "ms",
"3": "firman"
},
"expansion": "Malay firman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "fa",
"3": "فرمان",
"tr": "farmân"
},
"expansion": "Persian فرمان (farmân)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐫜𐫡𐫖𐫀𐫗",
"sc": "Mani",
"ts": "framān"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐫜𐫡𐫖𐫀𐫗 (frmʾn /framān/)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "peo",
"3": "𐎳𐎼𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎠",
"ts": "framānā"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian 𐎳𐎼𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎠 (f-r-m-a-n-a /framānā/)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Malay firman, from Persian فرمان (farmân), from Middle Persian 𐫜𐫡𐫖𐫀𐫗 (frmʾn /framān/), from Old Persian 𐎳𐎼𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎠 (f-r-m-a-n-a /framānā/).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"f1sc": "",
"f2sc": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "firman",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "firman",
"name": "tft-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ternate",
"lang_code": "tft",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ternate entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a firman"
],
"id": "en-firman-tft-noun-wv5OXBtq",
"links": [
[
"firman",
"firman"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ternate entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a command, order"
],
"id": "en-firman-tft-noun-ydllp7NI",
"links": [
[
"command",
"command"
],
[
"order",
"order"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[fiɾ.ˈman]"
}
],
"word": "firman"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ota",
"3": "فرمان",
"tr": "ferman"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish فرمان (ferman)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fa",
"3": "فرمان",
"gloss": "command, order, decree",
"tr": "farmân"
},
"expansion": "Persian فرمان (farmân, “command, order, decree”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish فرمان (ferman), from Persian فرمان (farmân, “command, order, decree”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "firmans",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "firman (plural firmans)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Ottoman Turkish",
"English terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"English terms derived from Persian",
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Gujarati translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Kannada translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Punjabi translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Translation table header lacks gloss"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1821 August 8, [Lord Byron], Don Juan, Cantos III, IV, and V, London: […] Thomas Davison, […], →OCLC, canto IV, (please specify the stanza number):",
"text": "his Sublimity's firman, The most imperative of sovereign spells, / Which every body does without who can […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1990, Peter Hopkirk, The Great Game, Folio Society, published 2010, page 134:",
"text": "He managed to obtain from the vizier a firman bearing the Emir's personal seal and ordering all Bokharan officials to assist the party in every way possible.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Coleman Phillipson, International Law And The Great War:",
"text": "It will be noted that the title of Sultan was adopted partly because that of Khedive had been conferred by an Ottoman firman.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A royal decree issued by a sovereign in certain historical Islamic states, especially by the Sultan of Turkey."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "hatti-sherif"
}
],
"links": [
[
"royal",
"royal"
],
[
"decree",
"decree"
],
[
"sovereign",
"sovereign"
],
[
"historical",
"historical"
],
[
"Islamic",
"Islamic"
],
[
"state",
"state"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"firman"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɜː.mən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɜɹ.mən/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈfɝ.mən]",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pharmaund"
},
{
"word": "phirmaund"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "phoroman",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "ফরমান"
},
{
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "pharmān",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "ફરમાન"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "farmān",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "फ़रमान"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "pharmān",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "फरमान"
},
{
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "pharmānu",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "ಫರ್ಮಾನು"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "férman",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "фе́рман"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "pharmān",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "फर्मान"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "ferman",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "فرمان"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "farmān",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"Gurmukhi",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ਫ਼ਰਮਾਨ"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "farmān",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"Shahmukhi",
"masculine"
],
"word": "فَرمان"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "farmān",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "فرمان"
}
],
"word": "firman"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "firman",
"name": "eo-head"
}
],
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Esperanto adjective forms",
"Esperanto entries with incorrect language header",
"Esperanto non-lemma forms",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "firma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"accusative singular of firma"
],
"links": [
[
"firma",
"firma#Esperanto"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "firman"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "firman",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish non-lemma forms",
"Finnish noun forms",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "firma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive singular of firma"
],
"links": [
[
"firma",
"firma#Finnish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "firman"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "firmans",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "firman m (plural firmans)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"firman"
],
"links": [
[
"firman",
"firman#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "firman"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "firman",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"Galician non-lemma forms",
"Galician verb forms",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "firmar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person plural present indicative of firmar"
],
"links": [
[
"firmar",
"firmar#Galician"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "firman"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian doublets",
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms derived from Classical Malay",
"Indonesian terms derived from Malay",
"Indonesian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Indonesian terms derived from Old Persian",
"Indonesian terms derived from Persian",
"Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Classical Malay",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Malay",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/man",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/man/3 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "berfirman"
},
{
"word": "firmankan"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "fa",
"3": "pal",
"4": "peo",
"5": "iir-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "firman"
},
"expansion": "Malay firman",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms-cla",
"3": "firman",
"t": "permission"
},
"expansion": "Classical Malay firman (“permission”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "fa",
"3": "فرمان",
"gloss": "command, order, decree",
"tr": "farmân"
},
"expansion": "Persian فرمان (farmân, “command, order, decree”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "permana"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of permana",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Malay firman, from Classical Malay firman (“permission”), from Persian فرمان (farmân, “command, order, decree”). Doublet of permana.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "firman",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"fir‧man"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"word of God"
],
"links": [
[
"word",
"word"
],
[
"God",
"God"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sabda"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian terms with usage examples",
"id:Christianity"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "God's commandment",
"text": "Firman Allah",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"commandment (a divinely ordained command, especially one of the Ten Commandments)"
],
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"commandment",
"commandment"
],
[
"command",
"command#English"
],
[
"Ten Commandments",
"Ten Commandments#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) commandment (a divinely ordained command, especially one of the Ten Commandments)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "perintah"
}
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɪr.man/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-man"
}
],
"word": "firman"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "firman",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "firman",
"name": "jv-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Javanese",
"lang_code": "jv",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ꦥ꦳ꦶꦂꦩꦤ꧀"
}
],
"categories": [
"Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Javanese non-lemma forms",
"Javanese romanizations",
"Javanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of ꦥ꦳ꦶꦂꦩꦤ꧀"
],
"links": [
[
"ꦥ꦳ꦶꦂꦩꦤ꧀",
"ꦥ꦳ꦶꦂꦩꦤ꧀#Javanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "firman"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "ota",
"3": "فرمان",
"tr": "ferman"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish فرمان (ferman)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fa",
"3": "فرمان",
"gloss": "command, order, decree",
"tr": "farmân"
},
"expansion": "Persian فرمان (farmân, “command, order, decree”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish فرمان (ferman), from Persian فرمان (farmân, “command, order, decree”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "firmane",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "firman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmanul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmanele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "firman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmanului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmanelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "firmanule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "firmanelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "firmane"
},
"expansion": "firman n (plural firmane)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"gpd": "firmanelor",
"gpi": "firmane",
"gsd": "firmanului",
"gsi": "firman",
"n": "",
"npd": "firmanele",
"npi": "firmane",
"nsd": "firmanul",
"nsi": "firman",
"vp": "firmanelor",
"vs": "firmanule"
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Romanian countable nouns",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian neuter nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Romanian terms borrowed from Ottoman Turkish",
"Romanian terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"Romanian terms derived from Persian"
],
"glosses": [
"firman"
],
"links": [
[
"firman",
"firman#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "firman"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "firman",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish non-lemma forms",
"Spanish verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "firmar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person plural present indicative of firmar"
],
"links": [
[
"firmar",
"firmar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "firman"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "firman",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish non-lemma forms",
"Swedish noun forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "firma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite singular of firma"
],
"links": [
[
"firma",
"firma#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "firman"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Ternate entries with incorrect language header",
"Ternate lemmas",
"Ternate nouns",
"Ternate terms derived from Malay",
"Ternate terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Ternate terms derived from Old Persian",
"Ternate terms derived from Persian"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "ms",
"3": "firman"
},
"expansion": "Malay firman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "fa",
"3": "فرمان",
"tr": "farmân"
},
"expansion": "Persian فرمان (farmân)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐫜𐫡𐫖𐫀𐫗",
"sc": "Mani",
"ts": "framān"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐫜𐫡𐫖𐫀𐫗 (frmʾn /framān/)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "peo",
"3": "𐎳𐎼𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎠",
"ts": "framānā"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian 𐎳𐎼𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎠 (f-r-m-a-n-a /framānā/)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Malay firman, from Persian فرمان (farmân), from Middle Persian 𐫜𐫡𐫖𐫀𐫗 (frmʾn /framān/), from Old Persian 𐎳𐎼𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎠 (f-r-m-a-n-a /framānā/).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"f1sc": "",
"f2sc": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "firman",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "firman",
"name": "tft-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ternate",
"lang_code": "tft",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a firman"
],
"links": [
[
"firman",
"firman"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a command, order"
],
"links": [
[
"command",
"command"
],
[
"order",
"order"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[fiɾ.ˈman]"
}
],
"word": "firman"
}
Download raw JSONL data for firman meaning in All languages combined (15.2kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive-dative'",
"path": [
"firman"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "firman",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/20250113b",
"msg": "Rowspan 999 over 30, set to 1",
"path": [
"firman"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "firman",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.