"confess" meaning in All languages combined

See confess on Wiktionary

Verb [English]

IPA: /kənˈfɛs/ Audio: en-us-confess.ogg [US] Forms: confesses [present, singular, third-person], confessing [participle, present], confessed [participle, past], confessed [past]
Rhymes: -ɛs Etymology: From Middle English confessen, from Anglo-Norman confesser, from Old French confesser, from Latin confessus (Old French confés), past participle of cōnfiteor (“I confess, I admit”) from con- + fateor (“I admit”). Displaced Middle English andetten (“to confess, admit”) (from Old English andettan). Doublet of confiteor. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*bʰeh₂-|id=speak}}, {{inh|en|enm|confessen}} Middle English confessen, {{der|en|xno|confesser}} Anglo-Norman confesser, {{der|en|fro|confesser}} Old French confesser, {{der|en|la|confessus}} Latin confessus, {{cog|fro|confés}} Old French confés, {{m|la|cōnfiteor||I confess, I admit}} cōnfiteor (“I confess, I admit”), {{m|la|con-}} con-, {{m|la|fateor||I admit}} fateor (“I admit”), {{cog|enm|andetten||to confess, admit}} Middle English andetten (“to confess, admit”), {{cog|ang|andettan}} Old English andettan, {{doublet|en|confiteor}} Doublet of confiteor Head templates: {{en-verb}} confess (third-person singular simple present confesses, present participle confessing, simple past and past participle confessed)
  1. (intransitive, transitive) To admit to the truth, particularly in the context of sins or crimes committed. Tags: intransitive, transitive Translations (to admit to the truth): ὁμολογέω (homologéō) (Ancient Greek), اِعْتَرَفَ (iʕtarafa) (Arabic), قر (ʔarr) [Egyptian-Arabic] (Arabic), խոստովանել (xostovanel) (Armenian), признавам (priznavam) (Bulgarian), confessar (Catalan), 承認 (Chinese Mandarin), 承认 (chéngrèn) (Chinese Mandarin), 懺悔 (Chinese Mandarin), 忏悔 (chànhuǐ) (Chinese Mandarin), 供認 (Chinese Mandarin), 供认 (gòngrèn) (Chinese Mandarin), 招認 (Chinese Mandarin), 招认 (zhāorèn) (Chinese Mandarin), 坦白 (tǎnbái) (Chinese Mandarin), 招供 (zhāogòng) (Chinese Mandarin), bekende (Danish), tilstå (Danish), bekennen (Dutch), allasi (Esperanto), konfesi (Esperanto), tunnustaa (Finnish), avouer (French), confesser (French), confesar (Galician), გამოტყდომა (gamoṭq̇doma) (Georgian), gestehen (German), bekennen (German), verraten (German), 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (andhaitan) (Gothic), εξομολογώ (exomologó) (Greek), ομολογώ (omologó) (Greek), התוודה (hitvadá) (Hebrew), tuad (Hiligaynon), bevall (Hungarian), kivall (Hungarian), megvall (Hungarian), vall (Hungarian), beismer (Hungarian), tunnustaa (Ingrian), admhaigh (Irish), confessare (Italian), 認める (mitomeru) (alt: みとめる) (Japanese), 自白する (jihaku suru) (Japanese), 告白する (kokuhaku suru) (Japanese), 告解する (kokkai suru) (Japanese), សារភាព (saaphiəp) (Khmer), fateor (Latin), confiteor (Latin), qarr (Maltese), whāki (Maori), улайх (ulajx) (Mongolian), үнэнээ хэлэх (ünenee xelex) (Mongolian), tilstå (Norwegian), andettan (Old English), przyznawać się [imperfective] (Polish), przyznać się [perfective] (Polish), confessar (Portuguese), mărturisi (Romanian), spovedi (Romanian), созна́ться (soznátʹsja) (Russian), призна́ться (priznátʹsja) (Russian), пока́яться (pokájatʹsja) (Russian), призна́ть (priznátʹ) (Russian), aidich (Scottish Gaelic), confesar (Spanish), erkänna (Swedish), tillstå (Swedish), amin (aminin) (Tagalog), kumpisal (magkumpisal) (english: to a Catholic priest) (Tagalog), mangumpisal (Tagalog), สารภาพ (sǎa-rá-pâap) (Thai), itiraf etmek (Turkish), thú nhận (alt: 首認) (Vietnamese)
    Sense id: en-confess-en-verb-en:to_admit_to_the_truth Disambiguation of 'to admit to the truth': 84 11 2 1 2
  2. (transitive) To acknowledge faith in; to profess belief in. Tags: transitive Translations (to acknowledge faith in): ὁμολογέω (homologéō) (Ancient Greek), изповядвам (izpovjadvam) (Bulgarian), 宣信 (xuānxìn) (Chinese Mandarin), belijden (Dutch), tunnustaa (Finnish), confesser (French), ομολογώ (omologó) (Greek), elismer (Hungarian), admhaigh (Irish)
    Sense id: en-confess-en-verb-w3TYQ-k7 Disambiguation of 'to acknowledge faith in': 7 83 7 1 1
  3. (religion) To unburden (oneself) of sins to God or a priest, in order to receive absolution. Categories (topical): Religion
    Sense id: en-confess-en-verb-bZEfeqOs Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 2 6 88 2 1 Topics: lifestyle, religion
  4. (religion) To hear or receive such a confession of sins from. Categories (topical): Religion
    Sense id: en-confess-en-verb-VQ0HWT7e Topics: lifestyle, religion
  5. (transitive) To disclose or reveal. Tags: transitive Translations (to disclose everything to a Catholic priest): изповядвам се (izpovjadvam se) (Bulgarian), 告解 (gàojiě) (Chinese Mandarin), zpovídat se (Czech), skrifte (Danish), biechten (Dutch), konfesi (Esperanto), confesar (Galician), beichten (German), gyónik (Hungarian), skrifta (Icelandic), qarr (Maltese), skrifte (Norwegian), spowiadać się (Polish), испове́доваться (ispovédovatʹsja) [imperfective] (Russian), испове́даться (ispovédatʹsja) [perfective] (Russian), bikta (Swedish), günah çıkarmak (Turkish) Translations (to disclose or reveal): признавам (priznavam) (Bulgarian), изповядвам (izpovjadvam) (Bulgarian), 披露 (pīlù) (Chinese Mandarin), 透露 (tòulù) (Chinese Mandarin), indrømme (Danish), tilstå (Danish), konfesi (Esperanto), tunnustaa (Finnish), ilmiantaa (Finnish), ομολογώ (omologó) (Greek), παραδέχομαι (paradéchomai) (Greek), tuad (Hiligaynon), vall (Hungarian), admhaigh (Irish), 告白する (kokuhaku suru) (Japanese), whāki (Maori), confessar (Portuguese), созна́ться (soznátʹsja) (Russian), призна́ться (priznátʹsja) (Russian), aidich (Scottish Gaelic), amin (aminin) (Tagalog)
    Sense id: en-confess-en-verb-en:to_disclose_or_reveal Disambiguation of 'to disclose everything to a Catholic priest': 3 5 25 9 58 Disambiguation of 'to disclose or reveal': 1 1 2 2 94
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Hypernyms: divulge, surrender Derived forms: a fault confessed is half redressed, confessing Sam, fess, fess up, self-confessed, stand confessed Related terms: confession, confessional, confessor, own up, come clean, rat out
Synonyms: acknowledge, admit, assent, avow, beknow, come clean [idiomatic], concede, confess, fess, fess up, front up, make a clean breast [idiomatic], own, own up, shrive, sing, spill one's guts [idiomatic], spill the beans [idiomatic], step forward [idiomatic], talk, tell all, unbosom [archaic]

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for confess meaning in All languages combined (23.9kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "abjure"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "deny"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "disavow"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "disclaim"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "disown"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "reject"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "a fault confessed is half redressed"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "confessing Sam"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "fess"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "fess up"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "self-confessed"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "stand confessed"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰeh₂-",
        "id": "speak"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "confessen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English confessen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "confesser"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman confesser",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "confesser"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French confesser",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "confessus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin confessus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "confés"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French confés",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "cōnfiteor",
        "3": "",
        "4": "I confess, I admit"
      },
      "expansion": "cōnfiteor (“I confess, I admit”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "con-"
      },
      "expansion": "con-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "fateor",
        "3": "",
        "4": "I admit"
      },
      "expansion": "fateor (“I admit”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "andetten",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to confess, admit"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English andetten (“to confess, admit”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "andettan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English andettan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "confiteor"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of confiteor",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English confessen, from Anglo-Norman confesser, from Old French confesser, from Latin confessus (Old French confés), past participle of cōnfiteor (“I confess, I admit”) from con- + fateor (“I admit”). Displaced Middle English andetten (“to confess, admit”) (from Old English andettan). Doublet of confiteor.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "confesses",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "confessing",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "confessed",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "confessed",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "confess (third-person singular simple present confesses, present participle confessing, simple past and past participle confessed)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hypernyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "divulge"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "surrender"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "confession"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "confessional"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "confessor"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "own up"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "come clean"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "rat out"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "I confess to spray-painting all over that mural!"
        },
        {
          "text": "I confess that I am a sinner."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To admit to the truth, particularly in the context of sins or crimes committed."
      ],
      "id": "en-confess-en-verb-en:to_admit_to_the_truth",
      "links": [
        [
          "admit",
          "admit"
        ],
        [
          "truth",
          "truth"
        ],
        [
          "context",
          "context"
        ],
        [
          "sin",
          "sin"
        ],
        [
          "crime",
          "crime"
        ],
        [
          "commit",
          "commit"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, transitive) To admit to the truth, particularly in the context of sins or crimes committed."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:to admit to the truth"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "iʕtarafa",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "اِعْتَرَفَ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "arz",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ʔarr",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "tags": [
            "Egyptian-Arabic"
          ],
          "word": "قر"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "xostovanel",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "խոստովանել"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "priznavam",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "признавам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "confessar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "承認"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "chéngrèn",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "承认"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "懺悔"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "chànhuǐ",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "忏悔"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "供認"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "gòngrèn",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "供认"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "招認"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "zhāorèn",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "招认"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "tǎnbái",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "坦白"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "zhāogòng",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "招供"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "bekende"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "tilstå"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "bekennen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "allasi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "konfesi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "tunnustaa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "avouer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "confesser"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "confesar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "gamoṭq̇doma",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "გამოტყდომა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "gestehen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "bekennen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "verraten"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "got",
          "lang": "Gothic",
          "roman": "andhaitan",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "exomologó",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "εξομολογώ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "omologó",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "ομολογώ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "homologéō",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "ὁμολογέω"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "hitvadá",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "התוודה"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "hil",
          "lang": "Hiligaynon",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "tuad"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "bevall"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "kivall"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "megvall"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "vall"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "beismer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "izh",
          "lang": "Ingrian",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "tunnustaa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "admhaigh"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "confessare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "alt": "みとめる",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "mitomeru",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "認める"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "jihaku suru",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "自白する"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "kokuhaku suru",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "告白する"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "kokkai suru",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "告解する"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "saaphiəp",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "សារភាព"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "fateor"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "confiteor"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "mt",
          "lang": "Maltese",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "qarr"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "whāki"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "mn",
          "lang": "Mongolian",
          "roman": "ulajx",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "улайх"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "mn",
          "lang": "Mongolian",
          "roman": "ünenee xelex",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "үнэнээ хэлэх"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "tilstå"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "ang",
          "lang": "Old English",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "andettan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "przyznawać się"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przyznać się"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "confessar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "mărturisi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "spovedi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "soznátʹsja",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "созна́ться"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "priznátʹsja",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "призна́ться"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "pokájatʹsja",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "пока́яться"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "priznátʹ",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "призна́ть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "aidich"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "confesar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "erkänna"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "tillstå"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "amin (aminin)"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "tl",
          "english": "to a Catholic priest",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "kumpisal (magkumpisal)"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "mangumpisal"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "sǎa-rá-pâap",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "สารภาพ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "itiraf etmek"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 11 2 1 2",
          "alt": "首認",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "to admit to the truth",
          "word": "thú nhận"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To acknowledge faith in; to profess belief in."
      ],
      "id": "en-confess-en-verb-w3TYQ-k7",
      "links": [
        [
          "acknowledge",
          "acknowledge"
        ],
        [
          "faith",
          "faith"
        ],
        [
          "profess",
          "profess"
        ],
        [
          "belief",
          "belief"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To acknowledge faith in; to profess belief in."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "7 83 7 1 1",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "izpovjadvam",
          "sense": "to acknowledge faith in",
          "word": "изповядвам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 83 7 1 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "xuānxìn",
          "sense": "to acknowledge faith in",
          "word": "宣信"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 83 7 1 1",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "to acknowledge faith in",
          "word": "belijden"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 83 7 1 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to acknowledge faith in",
          "word": "tunnustaa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 83 7 1 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to acknowledge faith in",
          "word": "confesser"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 83 7 1 1",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "omologó",
          "sense": "to acknowledge faith in",
          "word": "ομολογώ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 83 7 1 1",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "homologéō",
          "sense": "to acknowledge faith in",
          "word": "ὁμολογέω"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 83 7 1 1",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to acknowledge faith in",
          "word": "elismer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 83 7 1 1",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "to acknowledge faith in",
          "word": "admhaigh"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Religion",
          "orig": "en:Religion",
          "parents": [
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 6 88 2 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To unburden (oneself) of sins to God or a priest, in order to receive absolution."
      ],
      "id": "en-confess-en-verb-bZEfeqOs",
      "links": [
        [
          "religion",
          "religion"
        ],
        [
          "unburden",
          "unburden"
        ],
        [
          "sin",
          "sin"
        ],
        [
          "God",
          "God"
        ],
        [
          "priest",
          "priest"
        ],
        [
          "receive",
          "receive"
        ],
        [
          "absolution",
          "absolution"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(religion) To unburden (oneself) of sins to God or a priest, in order to receive absolution."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "lifestyle",
        "religion"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Religion",
          "orig": "en:Religion",
          "parents": [
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "1523–1525, John Bourchier, 2nd Baron Berners (translator), Froissart's Chronicles\nHe […] heard mass, and the prince, his son, with him, and the most part of his company were confessed."
        },
        {
          "ref": "1867, W. K. Kelly, The Decameron: or ten day's entertainment of Boccaccio. A revised translation",
          "text": "A jealous man confesses his wife under a priest's habit, who tells him that she is visited every night by a friar; […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To hear or receive such a confession of sins from."
      ],
      "id": "en-confess-en-verb-VQ0HWT7e",
      "links": [
        [
          "religion",
          "religion"
        ],
        [
          "hear",
          "hear"
        ],
        [
          "receive",
          "receive"
        ],
        [
          "confession",
          "confession"
        ],
        [
          "sin",
          "sin"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(religion) To hear or receive such a confession of sins from."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "lifestyle",
        "religion"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To disclose or reveal."
      ],
      "id": "en-confess-en-verb-en:to_disclose_or_reveal",
      "links": [
        [
          "disclose",
          "disclose"
        ],
        [
          "reveal",
          "reveal"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To disclose or reveal."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:to disclose or reveal"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 25 9 58",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "izpovjadvam se",
          "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
          "word": "изповядвам се"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 25 9 58",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "gàojiě",
          "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
          "word": "告解"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 25 9 58",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
          "word": "zpovídat se"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 25 9 58",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
          "word": "skrifte"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 25 9 58",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
          "word": "biechten"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 25 9 58",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
          "word": "konfesi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 25 9 58",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
          "word": "confesar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 25 9 58",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
          "word": "beichten"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 25 9 58",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
          "word": "gyónik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 25 9 58",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
          "word": "skrifta"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 25 9 58",
          "code": "mt",
          "lang": "Maltese",
          "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
          "word": "qarr"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 25 9 58",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
          "word": "skrifte"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 25 9 58",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
          "word": "spowiadać się"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 25 9 58",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "ispovédovatʹsja",
          "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "испове́доваться"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 25 9 58",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "ispovédatʹsja",
          "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "испове́даться"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 25 9 58",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
          "word": "bikta"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 25 9 58",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
          "word": "günah çıkarmak"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 2 2 94",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "priznavam",
          "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
          "word": "признавам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 2 2 94",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "izpovjadvam",
          "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
          "word": "изповядвам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 2 2 94",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "pīlù",
          "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
          "word": "披露"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 2 2 94",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "tòulù",
          "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
          "word": "透露"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 2 2 94",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
          "word": "indrømme"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 2 2 94",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
          "word": "tilstå"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 2 2 94",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
          "word": "konfesi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 2 2 94",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
          "word": "tunnustaa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 2 2 94",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
          "word": "ilmiantaa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 2 2 94",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "omologó",
          "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
          "word": "ομολογώ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 2 2 94",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "paradéchomai",
          "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
          "word": "παραδέχομαι"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 2 2 94",
          "code": "hil",
          "lang": "Hiligaynon",
          "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
          "word": "tuad"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 2 2 94",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
          "word": "vall"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 2 2 94",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
          "word": "admhaigh"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 2 2 94",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "kokuhaku suru",
          "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
          "word": "告白する"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 2 2 94",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
          "word": "whāki"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 2 2 94",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
          "word": "confessar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 2 2 94",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "soznátʹsja",
          "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
          "word": "созна́ться"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 2 2 94",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "priznátʹsja",
          "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
          "word": "призна́ться"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 2 2 94",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
          "word": "aidich"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 2 2 94",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
          "word": "amin (aminin)"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kənˈfɛs/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛs"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-confess.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1b/En-us-confess.ogg/En-us-confess.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/En-us-confess.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "acknowledge"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "admit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "assent"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "avow"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "beknow"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic"
      ],
      "word": "come clean"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "concede"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "confess"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "fess"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "fess up"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "front up"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic"
      ],
      "word": "make a clean breast"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "own"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "own up"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "shrive"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "sing"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic"
      ],
      "word": "spill one's guts"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic"
      ],
      "word": "spill the beans"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic"
      ],
      "word": "step forward"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "talk"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "tell all"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "unbosom"
    }
  ],
  "word": "confess"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "abjure"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "deny"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "disavow"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "disclaim"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "disown"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "reject"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English doublets",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeh₂- (speak)",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English verbs",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛs",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛs/2 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "a fault confessed is half redressed"
    },
    {
      "word": "confessing Sam"
    },
    {
      "word": "fess"
    },
    {
      "word": "fess up"
    },
    {
      "word": "self-confessed"
    },
    {
      "word": "stand confessed"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰeh₂-",
        "id": "speak"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "confessen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English confessen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "confesser"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman confesser",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "confesser"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French confesser",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "confessus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin confessus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "confés"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French confés",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "cōnfiteor",
        "3": "",
        "4": "I confess, I admit"
      },
      "expansion": "cōnfiteor (“I confess, I admit”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "con-"
      },
      "expansion": "con-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "fateor",
        "3": "",
        "4": "I admit"
      },
      "expansion": "fateor (“I admit”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "andetten",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to confess, admit"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English andetten (“to confess, admit”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "andettan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English andettan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "confiteor"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of confiteor",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English confessen, from Anglo-Norman confesser, from Old French confesser, from Latin confessus (Old French confés), past participle of cōnfiteor (“I confess, I admit”) from con- + fateor (“I admit”). Displaced Middle English andetten (“to confess, admit”) (from Old English andettan). Doublet of confiteor.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "confesses",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "confessing",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "confessed",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "confessed",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "confess (third-person singular simple present confesses, present participle confessing, simple past and past participle confessed)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hypernyms": [
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "divulge"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "surrender"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "confession"
    },
    {
      "word": "confessional"
    },
    {
      "word": "confessor"
    },
    {
      "word": "own up"
    },
    {
      "word": "come clean"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "rat out"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English intransitive verbs",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "I confess to spray-painting all over that mural!"
        },
        {
          "text": "I confess that I am a sinner."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To admit to the truth, particularly in the context of sins or crimes committed."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "admit",
          "admit"
        ],
        [
          "truth",
          "truth"
        ],
        [
          "context",
          "context"
        ],
        [
          "sin",
          "sin"
        ],
        [
          "crime",
          "crime"
        ],
        [
          "commit",
          "commit"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, transitive) To admit to the truth, particularly in the context of sins or crimes committed."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:to admit to the truth"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To acknowledge faith in; to profess belief in."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "acknowledge",
          "acknowledge"
        ],
        [
          "faith",
          "faith"
        ],
        [
          "profess",
          "profess"
        ],
        [
          "belief",
          "belief"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To acknowledge faith in; to profess belief in."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Religion"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To unburden (oneself) of sins to God or a priest, in order to receive absolution."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "religion",
          "religion"
        ],
        [
          "unburden",
          "unburden"
        ],
        [
          "sin",
          "sin"
        ],
        [
          "God",
          "God"
        ],
        [
          "priest",
          "priest"
        ],
        [
          "receive",
          "receive"
        ],
        [
          "absolution",
          "absolution"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(religion) To unburden (oneself) of sins to God or a priest, in order to receive absolution."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "lifestyle",
        "religion"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Religion"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "1523–1525, John Bourchier, 2nd Baron Berners (translator), Froissart's Chronicles\nHe […] heard mass, and the prince, his son, with him, and the most part of his company were confessed."
        },
        {
          "ref": "1867, W. K. Kelly, The Decameron: or ten day's entertainment of Boccaccio. A revised translation",
          "text": "A jealous man confesses his wife under a priest's habit, who tells him that she is visited every night by a friar; […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To hear or receive such a confession of sins from."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "religion",
          "religion"
        ],
        [
          "hear",
          "hear"
        ],
        [
          "receive",
          "receive"
        ],
        [
          "confession",
          "confession"
        ],
        [
          "sin",
          "sin"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(religion) To hear or receive such a confession of sins from."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "lifestyle",
        "religion"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To disclose or reveal."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "disclose",
          "disclose"
        ],
        [
          "reveal",
          "reveal"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To disclose or reveal."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:to disclose or reveal"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kənˈfɛs/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛs"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-confess.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1b/En-us-confess.ogg/En-us-confess.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/En-us-confess.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "acknowledge"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "admit"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "assent"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "avow"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "beknow"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic"
      ],
      "word": "come clean"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "concede"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "confess"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "fess"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "fess up"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "front up"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic"
      ],
      "word": "make a clean breast"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "own"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "own up"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "shrive"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "sing"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic"
      ],
      "word": "spill one's guts"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic"
      ],
      "word": "spill the beans"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic"
      ],
      "word": "step forward"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "talk"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "word": "tell all"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:confess",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "unbosom"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "iʕtarafa",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "اِعْتَرَفَ"
    },
    {
      "code": "arz",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʔarr",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "tags": [
        "Egyptian-Arabic"
      ],
      "word": "قر"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "xostovanel",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "խոստովանել"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "priznavam",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "признавам"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "confessar"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "承認"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "chéngrèn",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "承认"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "懺悔"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "chànhuǐ",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "忏悔"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "供認"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "gòngrèn",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "供认"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "招認"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "zhāorèn",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "招认"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "tǎnbái",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "坦白"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "zhāogòng",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "招供"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "bekende"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "tilstå"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "bekennen"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "allasi"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "konfesi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "tunnustaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "avouer"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "confesser"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "confesar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "gamoṭq̇doma",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "გამოტყდომა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "gestehen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "bekennen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "verraten"
    },
    {
      "code": "got",
      "lang": "Gothic",
      "roman": "andhaitan",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "exomologó",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "εξομολογώ"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "omologó",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "ομολογώ"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "homologéō",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "ὁμολογέω"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "hitvadá",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "התוודה"
    },
    {
      "code": "hil",
      "lang": "Hiligaynon",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "tuad"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "bevall"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "kivall"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "megvall"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "vall"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "beismer"
    },
    {
      "code": "izh",
      "lang": "Ingrian",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "tunnustaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "admhaigh"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "confessare"
    },
    {
      "alt": "みとめる",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "mitomeru",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "認める"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "jihaku suru",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "自白する"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "kokuhaku suru",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "告白する"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "kokkai suru",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "告解する"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "saaphiəp",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "សារភាព"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "fateor"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "confiteor"
    },
    {
      "code": "mt",
      "lang": "Maltese",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "qarr"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "whāki"
    },
    {
      "code": "mn",
      "lang": "Mongolian",
      "roman": "ulajx",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "улайх"
    },
    {
      "code": "mn",
      "lang": "Mongolian",
      "roman": "ünenee xelex",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "үнэнээ хэлэх"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "tilstå"
    },
    {
      "code": "ang",
      "lang": "Old English",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "andettan"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "przyznawać się"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "przyznać się"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "confessar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "mărturisi"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "spovedi"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "soznátʹsja",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "созна́ться"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "priznátʹsja",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "призна́ться"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "pokájatʹsja",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "пока́яться"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "priznátʹ",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "призна́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "aidich"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "confesar"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "erkänna"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "tillstå"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "amin (aminin)"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "english": "to a Catholic priest",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "kumpisal (magkumpisal)"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "mangumpisal"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "sǎa-rá-pâap",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "สารภาพ"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "itiraf etmek"
    },
    {
      "alt": "首認",
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "to admit to the truth",
      "word": "thú nhận"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "izpovjadvam se",
      "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
      "word": "изповядвам се"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "gàojiě",
      "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
      "word": "告解"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
      "word": "zpovídat se"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
      "word": "skrifte"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
      "word": "biechten"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
      "word": "konfesi"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
      "word": "confesar"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
      "word": "beichten"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
      "word": "gyónik"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
      "word": "skrifta"
    },
    {
      "code": "mt",
      "lang": "Maltese",
      "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
      "word": "qarr"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
      "word": "skrifte"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
      "word": "spowiadać się"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "ispovédovatʹsja",
      "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "испове́доваться"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "ispovédatʹsja",
      "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "испове́даться"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
      "word": "bikta"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "to disclose everything to a Catholic priest",
      "word": "günah çıkarmak"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "izpovjadvam",
      "sense": "to acknowledge faith in",
      "word": "изповядвам"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "xuānxìn",
      "sense": "to acknowledge faith in",
      "word": "宣信"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "to acknowledge faith in",
      "word": "belijden"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to acknowledge faith in",
      "word": "tunnustaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to acknowledge faith in",
      "word": "confesser"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "omologó",
      "sense": "to acknowledge faith in",
      "word": "ομολογώ"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "homologéō",
      "sense": "to acknowledge faith in",
      "word": "ὁμολογέω"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to acknowledge faith in",
      "word": "elismer"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "to acknowledge faith in",
      "word": "admhaigh"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "priznavam",
      "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
      "word": "признавам"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "izpovjadvam",
      "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
      "word": "изповядвам"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "pīlù",
      "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
      "word": "披露"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "tòulù",
      "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
      "word": "透露"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
      "word": "indrømme"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
      "word": "tilstå"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
      "word": "konfesi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
      "word": "tunnustaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
      "word": "ilmiantaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "omologó",
      "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
      "word": "ομολογώ"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "paradéchomai",
      "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
      "word": "παραδέχομαι"
    },
    {
      "code": "hil",
      "lang": "Hiligaynon",
      "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
      "word": "tuad"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
      "word": "vall"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
      "word": "admhaigh"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "kokuhaku suru",
      "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
      "word": "告白する"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
      "word": "whāki"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
      "word": "confessar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "soznátʹsja",
      "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
      "word": "созна́ться"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "priznátʹsja",
      "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
      "word": "призна́ться"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
      "word": "aidich"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "to disclose or reveal",
      "word": "amin (aminin)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "confess"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.