See carbuncle on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for carbuncle meaning in All languages combined (17.8kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "carbuncle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English carbuncle",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "charbocle"
},
"expansion": "charbocle",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "carbuncle"
},
"expansion": "Old French carbuncle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "charbuncle"
},
"expansion": "charbuncle",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "carbunculus",
"4": "",
"5": "a small coal; a reddish kind of precious stone; a kind of tumor"
},
"expansion": "Latin carbunculus (“a small coal; a reddish kind of precious stone; a kind of tumor”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "carbō",
"3": "",
"4": "a coal, charcoal"
},
"expansion": "carbō (“a coal, charcoal”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English carbuncle, charbocle, from Old French carbuncle, charbuncle, from Latin carbunculus (“a small coal; a reddish kind of precious stone; a kind of tumor”), diminutive of carbō (“a coal, charcoal”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carbuncles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "carbuncle (plural carbuncles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "carbon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ruby"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 46 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1602, William Shakespeare, Hamlet, act II, scene 2, line 401",
"text": "With eyes like carbuncles, the hellish Pyrrhus […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1634, Thomas Herbert, A Relation of Some Yeares Trauaile, Begunne Anno 1626. Into Afrique and the Greater Asia, especially the Territories of the Persian Monarchie: And some Parts of the Orientall Indies, and Iles Adiacent. Of their Religion, Language, Habit, Discent, Ceremonies, and other Matters Concerning Them: Together with the Proceedings and Death of the Three Late Ambassadours: Sir D. C[otton] Sir R. S[herley] and the Persian Nogdi-Beg: As also the Two Great Monarchs, the King of Persia, and the Great Mogol, London: William Stansby for Iacob Bloome, →OCLC; republished as William Foster, editor, Travels in Persia 1627–1629. Abridged and Edited by Sir William Foster … with an Introduction and Notes (Broadway Travellers), London: G. Routledge & Sons, 1928, →OCLC, page 79",
"text": "His turban, or mandil [mandīl], was of finest white silk interwoven with gold, bestudded with pearl[s] and carbuncles; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 155",
"text": "A piece of marigold or bay leaf was imbedded in the metal, and over it a carbuncle or chrysolite was placed.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A deep-red or fiery colored garnet or other dark red precious stone, especially when cut cabochon."
],
"id": "en-carbuncle-en-noun-en:Q12108659",
"links": [
[
"red",
"red"
],
[
"fiery",
"fiery"
],
[
"garnet",
"garnet"
],
[
"dark red",
"dark red"
],
[
"precious stone",
"precious stone"
],
[
"cabochon",
"cabochon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A deep-red or fiery colored garnet or other dark red precious stone, especially when cut cabochon."
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q12108659"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q12108659"
]
},
{
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{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Heraldic charges",
"orig": "en:Heraldic charges",
"parents": [
"Heraldry",
"History",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A deep-red or fiery colored garnet or other dark red precious stone, especially when cut cabochon.",
"A charge or bearing supposed to represent the precious stone, with eight sceptres or staves radiating from a common centre; an escarbuncle."
],
"id": "en-carbuncle-en-noun-en:Q121086591",
"links": [
[
"red",
"red"
],
[
"fiery",
"fiery"
],
[
"garnet",
"garnet"
],
[
"dark red",
"dark red"
],
[
"precious stone",
"precious stone"
],
[
"cabochon",
"cabochon"
],
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"charge",
"charge"
],
[
"bearing",
"bearing"
],
[
"sceptre",
"sceptre"
],
[
"staves",
"stave#Noun"
],
[
"radiating",
"radiate"
],
[
"escarbuncle",
"escarbuncle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A deep-red or fiery colored garnet or other dark red precious stone, especially when cut cabochon.",
"(heraldry) A charge or bearing supposed to represent the precious stone, with eight sceptres or staves radiating from a common centre; an escarbuncle."
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q12108659"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q12108659"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Pathology",
"orig": "en:Pathology",
"parents": [
"Medicine",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "39 46 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An abscess larger than a boil, usually with one or more openings draining pus onto the skin. It is usually caused by staphylococcal infection."
],
"id": "en-carbuncle-en-noun-en:Q959922",
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"abscess",
"abscess"
],
[
"boil",
"boil"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"drain",
"drain#Verb"
],
[
"pus",
"pus"
],
[
"skin",
"skin"
],
[
"staphylococcal",
"staphylococcal"
],
[
"infection",
"infection"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pathology) An abscess larger than a boil, usually with one or more openings draining pus onto the skin. It is usually caused by staphylococcal infection."
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q959922"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "cirej",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "цирей"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "abscess",
"word": "癰"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yōng",
"sense": "abscess",
"word": "痈"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "brandbyld"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "byld"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "karbonkel"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "abscess",
"word": "ajospahka"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbunco"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nacida"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Karbunkel"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "psevdánthrakas",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ψευδάνθρακας"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ánthrax",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ἄνθραξ"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carrmhogal"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbuncal"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"alt": "よう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yō",
"sense": "abscess",
"word": "癰"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "körşiqan",
"sense": "abscess",
"word": "көршиқан"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbunculus"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "abscess",
"word": "bisul"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pluccan mooar"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "abscess",
"word": "tāpoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "abscess",
"word": "maiao"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "mic",
"lang": "Mi'kmaq",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"animate"
],
"word": "glmuej"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "abscess",
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "abscess",
"word": "angset"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "karbunkuł"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "carbuncul"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "karbunkul",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "карбункул"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "neasgaid"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "böld"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbwncl"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 9 83 5",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cornwyd"
}
],
"wikidata": [
"Q959922"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An unpopular or ugly building; an eyesore."
],
"id": "en-carbuncle-en-noun-qo2kdqsw",
"links": [
[
"unpopular",
"unpopular"
],
[
"ugly",
"ugly"
],
[
"building",
"building"
],
[
"eyesore",
"eyesore"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɑː.bʌŋ.kl̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɑɹˌbʌŋ.kl̩/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-carbuncle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-carbuncle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-carbuncle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-carbuncle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-carbuncle.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "granat",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гранат"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "karfunkel"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "karbonkel"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "myv",
"lang": "Erzya",
"roman": "mazikev",
"sense": "precious stone",
"word": "мазыкев"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carboucle"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbúnculo"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ṭoṗazi",
"sense": "precious stone",
"word": "ტოპაზი"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "oge",
"lang": "Old Georgian",
"roman": "antraḳi",
"sense": "precious stone",
"word": "ანთრაკი"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Karfunkel"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ánthrax",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ἄνθραξ"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "nófech",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "נֹפֶךְ"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carrmhogal"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbunculus"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "precious stone",
"word": "batu merah"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "precious stone",
"word": "kapakara"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "precious stone",
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "karfunkel"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "fro",
"lang": "Old French",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "karbunkuł"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "càrrmhogal"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbunclo"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbúnculo"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 51 3 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbwncl"
}
],
"word": "carbuncle"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "carbuncle"
},
"expansion": "English: carbuncle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: carbuncle"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "carbuncle"
},
"expansion": "Old French carbuncle",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "charbuncle"
},
"expansion": "charbuncle",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "carbunculus"
},
"expansion": "Latin carbunculus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French carbuncle, charbuncle, itself borrowed from Latin carbunculus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carbuncles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "carbuncle",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "carbuncle (plural carbuncles)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "83 4 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 4 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 7 24",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Gems",
"orig": "enm:Gems",
"parents": [
"Jewelry",
"Mineralogy",
"Clothing",
"Geology",
"Human",
"Earth sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "14th c. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales. The Tale of Sir Thopas: 179-81.\nHis sheeld was al of gold so reed,\nAnd ther-inne was a bores heed,\nA charbocle bisyde;",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A carbuncle (garnet or other precious stone)"
],
"id": "en-carbuncle-enm-noun-zl-7efw-",
"links": [
[
"carbuncle",
"carbuncle#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Material similar to carbuncle."
],
"id": "en-carbuncle-enm-noun-wJWJo1gK",
"links": [
[
"Material",
"material"
],
[
"similar",
"similar"
],
[
"carbuncle",
"carbuncle#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Pathology",
"orig": "enm:Pathology",
"parents": [
"Medicine",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A carbuncle; a large abscess."
],
"id": "en-carbuncle-enm-noun-AMUqA9HG",
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"carbuncle",
"carbuncle#English"
],
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"abscess",
"abscess"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pathology) A carbuncle; a large abscess."
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkarbunkəl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkarbukəl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃ-/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "carboncle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "carbuncul"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "charbocle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "charbokel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "charbouncle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "charbucle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "charbukel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "charbuncle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "charbunkel"
}
],
"word": "carbuncle"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "carbuncle",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: carbuncle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: carbuncle"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "carbunculus"
},
"expansion": "Latin carbunculus",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin carbunculus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carbuncle oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "carbuncles",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carbuncles",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carbuncle",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "carbuncle oblique singular, m (oblique plural carbuncles, nominative singular carbuncles, nominative plural carbuncle)",
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}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"carbuncle (deep-red or fiery colored garnet or other dark red precious stone)"
],
"id": "en-carbuncle-fro-noun-PWxiIf7E",
"links": [
[
"carbuncle",
"carbuncle#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "charbuncle"
}
]
}
],
"word": "carbuncle"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "carbuncle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English carbuncle",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "charbocle"
},
"expansion": "charbocle",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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"3": "carbuncle"
},
"expansion": "Old French carbuncle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "charbuncle"
},
"expansion": "charbuncle",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "carbunculus",
"4": "",
"5": "a small coal; a reddish kind of precious stone; a kind of tumor"
},
"expansion": "Latin carbunculus (“a small coal; a reddish kind of precious stone; a kind of tumor”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "carbō",
"3": "",
"4": "a coal, charcoal"
},
"expansion": "carbō (“a coal, charcoal”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English carbuncle, charbocle, from Old French carbuncle, charbuncle, from Latin carbunculus (“a small coal; a reddish kind of precious stone; a kind of tumor”), diminutive of carbō (“a coal, charcoal”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carbuncles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "carbuncle (plural carbuncles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "carbon"
},
{
"word": "ruby"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1602, William Shakespeare, Hamlet, act II, scene 2, line 401",
"text": "With eyes like carbuncles, the hellish Pyrrhus […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1634, Thomas Herbert, A Relation of Some Yeares Trauaile, Begunne Anno 1626. Into Afrique and the Greater Asia, especially the Territories of the Persian Monarchie: And some Parts of the Orientall Indies, and Iles Adiacent. Of their Religion, Language, Habit, Discent, Ceremonies, and other Matters Concerning Them: Together with the Proceedings and Death of the Three Late Ambassadours: Sir D. C[otton] Sir R. S[herley] and the Persian Nogdi-Beg: As also the Two Great Monarchs, the King of Persia, and the Great Mogol, London: William Stansby for Iacob Bloome, →OCLC; republished as William Foster, editor, Travels in Persia 1627–1629. Abridged and Edited by Sir William Foster … with an Introduction and Notes (Broadway Travellers), London: G. Routledge & Sons, 1928, →OCLC, page 79",
"text": "His turban, or mandil [mandīl], was of finest white silk interwoven with gold, bestudded with pearl[s] and carbuncles; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 155",
"text": "A piece of marigold or bay leaf was imbedded in the metal, and over it a carbuncle or chrysolite was placed.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A deep-red or fiery colored garnet or other dark red precious stone, especially when cut cabochon."
],
"links": [
[
"red",
"red"
],
[
"fiery",
"fiery"
],
[
"garnet",
"garnet"
],
[
"dark red",
"dark red"
],
[
"precious stone",
"precious stone"
],
[
"cabochon",
"cabochon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A deep-red or fiery colored garnet or other dark red precious stone, especially when cut cabochon."
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q12108659"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q12108659"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Heraldic charges"
],
"glosses": [
"A deep-red or fiery colored garnet or other dark red precious stone, especially when cut cabochon.",
"A charge or bearing supposed to represent the precious stone, with eight sceptres or staves radiating from a common centre; an escarbuncle."
],
"links": [
[
"red",
"red"
],
[
"fiery",
"fiery"
],
[
"garnet",
"garnet"
],
[
"dark red",
"dark red"
],
[
"precious stone",
"precious stone"
],
[
"cabochon",
"cabochon"
],
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"charge",
"charge"
],
[
"bearing",
"bearing"
],
[
"sceptre",
"sceptre"
],
[
"staves",
"stave#Noun"
],
[
"radiating",
"radiate"
],
[
"escarbuncle",
"escarbuncle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A deep-red or fiery colored garnet or other dark red precious stone, especially when cut cabochon.",
"(heraldry) A charge or bearing supposed to represent the precious stone, with eight sceptres or staves radiating from a common centre; an escarbuncle."
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q12108659"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q12108659"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Pathology"
],
"glosses": [
"An abscess larger than a boil, usually with one or more openings draining pus onto the skin. It is usually caused by staphylococcal infection."
],
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"abscess",
"abscess"
],
[
"boil",
"boil"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"drain",
"drain#Verb"
],
[
"pus",
"pus"
],
[
"skin",
"skin"
],
[
"staphylococcal",
"staphylococcal"
],
[
"infection",
"infection"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
"senseid": [
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],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
],
"wikidata": [
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]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An unpopular or ugly building; an eyesore."
],
"links": [
[
"unpopular",
"unpopular"
],
[
"ugly",
"ugly"
],
[
"building",
"building"
],
[
"eyesore",
"eyesore"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɑː.bʌŋ.kl̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɑɹˌbʌŋ.kl̩/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-carbuncle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-carbuncle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-carbuncle.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "granat",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гранат"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "karfunkel"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "karbonkel"
},
{
"code": "myv",
"lang": "Erzya",
"roman": "mazikev",
"sense": "precious stone",
"word": "мазыкев"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carboucle"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbúnculo"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ṭoṗazi",
"sense": "precious stone",
"word": "ტოპაზი"
},
{
"code": "oge",
"lang": "Old Georgian",
"roman": "antraḳi",
"sense": "precious stone",
"word": "ანთრაკი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Karfunkel"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ánthrax",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ἄνθραξ"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "nófech",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "נֹפֶךְ"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carrmhogal"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbunculus"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "precious stone",
"word": "batu merah"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "precious stone",
"word": "kapakara"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "precious stone",
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "karfunkel"
},
{
"code": "fro",
"lang": "Old French",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "karbunkuł"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "càrrmhogal"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbunclo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbúnculo"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "precious stone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbwncl"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "cirej",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "цирей"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "abscess",
"word": "癰"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yōng",
"sense": "abscess",
"word": "痈"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "brandbyld"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "byld"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "karbonkel"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "abscess",
"word": "ajospahka"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbunco"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nacida"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Karbunkel"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "psevdánthrakas",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ψευδάνθρακας"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ánthrax",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ἄνθραξ"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carrmhogal"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbuncal"
},
{
"alt": "よう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yō",
"sense": "abscess",
"word": "癰"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "körşiqan",
"sense": "abscess",
"word": "көршиқан"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbunculus"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "abscess",
"word": "bisul"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pluccan mooar"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "abscess",
"word": "tāpoa"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "abscess",
"word": "maiao"
},
{
"code": "mic",
"lang": "Mi'kmaq",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"animate"
],
"word": "glmuej"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "abscess",
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "abscess",
"word": "angset"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "karbunkuł"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "carbuncul"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "karbunkul",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "карбункул"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "neasgaid"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "böld"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carbwncl"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "abscess",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cornwyd"
}
],
"word": "carbuncle"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"enm:Gems"
],
"descendants": [
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"depth": 1,
"templates": [
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"2": "carbuncle"
},
"expansion": "English: carbuncle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: carbuncle"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"3": "carbuncle"
},
"expansion": "Old French carbuncle",
"name": "bor"
},
{
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"name": "m"
},
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"2": "la",
"3": "carbunculus"
},
"expansion": "Latin carbunculus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French carbuncle, charbuncle, itself borrowed from Latin carbunculus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carbuncles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
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"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "carbuncle (plural carbuncles)",
"name": "enm-noun"
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],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "14th c. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales. The Tale of Sir Thopas: 179-81.\nHis sheeld was al of gold so reed,\nAnd ther-inne was a bores heed,\nA charbocle bisyde;",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A carbuncle (garnet or other precious stone)"
],
"links": [
[
"carbuncle",
"carbuncle#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Material similar to carbuncle."
],
"links": [
[
"Material",
"material"
],
[
"similar",
"similar"
],
[
"carbuncle",
"carbuncle#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Pathology"
],
"glosses": [
"A carbuncle; a large abscess."
],
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"carbuncle",
"carbuncle#English"
],
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"abscess",
"abscess"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pathology) A carbuncle; a large abscess."
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkarbunkəl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkarbukəl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃ-/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "carboncle"
},
{
"word": "carbuncul"
},
{
"word": "charbocle"
},
{
"word": "charbokel"
},
{
"word": "charbouncle"
},
{
"word": "charbucle"
},
{
"word": "charbukel"
},
{
"word": "charbuncle"
},
{
"word": "charbunkel"
}
],
"word": "carbuncle"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "carbuncle",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: carbuncle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: carbuncle"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "carbunculus"
},
"expansion": "Latin carbunculus",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin carbunculus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carbuncle oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "carbuncles",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carbuncles",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carbuncle",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "carbuncle oblique singular, m (oblique plural carbuncles, nominative singular carbuncles, nominative plural carbuncle)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms borrowed from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"carbuncle (deep-red or fiery colored garnet or other dark red precious stone)"
],
"links": [
[
"carbuncle",
"carbuncle#English"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "charbuncle"
}
],
"word": "carbuncle"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'carbuncle oblique singular or', originally 'carbuncle oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"carbuncle"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carbuncle",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'carbuncle oblique singular or', originally 'carbuncle oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"carbuncle"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carbuncle",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['masculine', 'canonical']: 'carbuncle oblique singular or' in 'carbuncle oblique singular, m (oblique plural carbuncles, nominative singular carbuncles, nominative plural carbuncle)'",
"path": [
"carbuncle"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carbuncle",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.