See carbunculus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "carbunculāris"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "carbonchio"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "scarbonchiare"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "carboncle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Catalan",
"lang_code": "roa-oca",
"word": "carbonclo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "carboncle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Catalan",
"lang_code": "roa-oca",
"word": "carblonco"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "carboncle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Catalan",
"lang_code": "roa-oca",
"word": "corblonco"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "carboncle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Catalan",
"lang_code": "roa-oca",
"word": "carvoncle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "carboncle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "carboncle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "carboncle"
}
],
"lang": "Inherited",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "caruncho"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbuncho"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carboncolo"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "scarboncolo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "carboncle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "carboucle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "escarboucle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Northern French",
"lang_code": "fro-nor",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "carboncle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "carboncle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "carboucle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "escarboucle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Northern French",
"lang_code": "fro-nor",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "charbuncle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "carboncle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "carboucle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "escarboucle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Northern French",
"lang_code": "fro-nor",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "carboncle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "carboucle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "escarboucle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Northern French",
"lang_code": "fro-nor",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "charboucle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "carboncle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "carboucle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "escarboucle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Northern French",
"lang_code": "fro-nor",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "carboucle"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbunclo"
}
],
"lang": "Semi-learned",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Karbunkel"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Karfunkel"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbúnculo"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cabrunco"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbunco"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbuncolo"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbunculo"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbonculo"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbúnculo"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "karbúnkul",
"word": "карбу́нкул"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbúnculo"
}
],
"lang": "Learned",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":af",
"3": "carbō<t:coal, charcoal>",
"4": "-culus<pos:diminutive nominal suffix>",
"text": "+",
"title": "carbunculus",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kerh₃-der.?\nLatin carbō\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nProto-Italic *-kelos\nLatin -culus\nLatin carbunculus\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"heat\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"redlink\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kerh₃-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"carbō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-elós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-lós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-elos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-kelos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-culus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"diminutive nominal suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"carbunculus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"carbunculus\">\nFrom carbō (“coal, charcoal”) + -culus (diminutive nominal suffix).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kerh₃-der.?\nLatin carbō\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nProto-Italic *-kelos\nLatin -culus\nLatin carbunculus\nFrom carbō (“coal, charcoal”) + -culus (diminutive nominal suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carbunculī",
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"carbunculī",
"carbunculi"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculī",
"links": [
[
"carbunculī",
"carbunculi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculī",
"links": [
[
"carbunculī",
"carbunculi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculōrum",
"links": [
[
"carbunculōrum",
"carbunculorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculō",
"links": [
[
"carbunculō",
"carbunculo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculīs",
"links": [
[
"carbunculīs",
"carbunculis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculōs",
"links": [
[
"carbunculōs",
"carbunculos#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculō",
"links": [
[
"carbunculō",
"carbunculo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculīs",
"links": [
[
"carbunculīs",
"carbunculis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carbuncule",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculī",
"links": [
[
"carbunculī",
"carbunculi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "carbunculus<2>"
},
"expansion": "carbunculus m (genitive carbunculī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "carbunculus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 20 12 14 15 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 27 6 16 13 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -culus",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "small coal",
"word": "carbō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"diminutive of carbō: small coal"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"id": "en-carbunculus-la-noun-AIbNHqK~",
"links": [
[
"carbō",
"carbo#Latin"
],
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"coal",
"coal"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"diminutive",
"form-of",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 20 12 14 15 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 27 6 16 13 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -culus",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"diminutive of carbō: small coal",
"burning or devouring sorrow"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"id": "en-carbunculus-la-noun-yOIJ4Hsy",
"links": [
[
"carbō",
"carbo#Latin"
],
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"coal",
"coal"
],
[
"burning",
"burning"
],
[
"devouring",
"devouring"
],
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"diminutive of carbō: small coal",
"(figurative) burning or devouring sorrow"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"figuratively",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin metonyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 12 14 15 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"kind of sandstone, red toph-stone"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"id": "en-carbunculus-la-noun-gE1rImqj",
"links": [
[
"sandstone",
"sandstone"
],
[
"red",
"red"
],
[
"toph-stone",
"toph-stone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymic)",
"kind of sandstone, red toph-stone"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine",
"metonymically"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin metonyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 12 14 15 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 27 6 16 13 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -culus",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"reddish, bright kind of precious stone, probably comprising the ruby, carbuncle, hyacinth, garnet"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"id": "en-carbunculus-la-noun-MSIY2RVQ",
"links": [
[
"reddish",
"reddish"
],
[
"bright",
"bright"
],
[
"precious stone",
"precious stone"
],
[
"ruby",
"ruby"
],
[
"carbuncle",
"carbuncle"
],
[
"hyacinth",
"hyacinth"
],
[
"garnet",
"garnet"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymic)",
"reddish, bright kind of precious stone, probably comprising the ruby, carbuncle, hyacinth, garnet"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine",
"metonymically"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin metonyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Pathology",
"orig": "la:Pathology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 12 14 15 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 27 6 16 13 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -culus",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A disease:",
"kind of tumor, carbuncle"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"id": "en-carbunculus-la-noun-i5hLaBmj",
"links": [
[
"disease",
"disease#English"
],
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"tumor",
"tumor"
],
[
"carbuncle",
"carbuncle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymic)",
"A disease:",
"(pathology) kind of tumor, carbuncle"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine",
"metonymically"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin metonyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Plant diseases",
"orig": "la:Plant diseases",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 15 15 9 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 15 15 9 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 20 14 3 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 17 16 7 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 12 14 15 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 27 6 16 13 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -culus",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 17 16 6 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 23 18 3 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 18 14 2 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 12 12 8 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 14 13 5 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 11 23 7 37",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Gems",
"orig": "la:Gems",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A disease:",
"disease caused by hoar-frost"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"id": "en-carbunculus-la-noun-QRJocrwI",
"links": [
[
"disease",
"disease#English"
],
[
"phytopathology",
"phytopathology"
],
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"hoar-frost",
"hoar-frost"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymic)",
"A disease:",
"(phytopathology) disease caused by hoar-frost"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine",
"metonymically"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"pathology",
"phytopathology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[karˈbʊŋ.kʊ.ɫʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[karˈbuŋ.ku.lus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "carbunculus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 4-syllable words",
"Latin entries with etymology texts",
"Latin entries with etymology trees",
"Latin entries with etymon",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms suffixed with -culus",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Requests for quotations in Latin",
"la:Gems"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "carbunculāris"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "carbonchio"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "scarbonchiare"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "carboncle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Catalan",
"lang_code": "roa-oca",
"word": "carbonclo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "carboncle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Catalan",
"lang_code": "roa-oca",
"word": "carblonco"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "carboncle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Catalan",
"lang_code": "roa-oca",
"word": "corblonco"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "carboncle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Catalan",
"lang_code": "roa-oca",
"word": "carvoncle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "carboncle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "carboncle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "carboncle"
}
],
"lang": "Inherited",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "caruncho"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbuncho"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carboncolo"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "scarboncolo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "carboncle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "carboucle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "escarboucle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Northern French",
"lang_code": "fro-nor",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "carboncle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "carboncle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "carboucle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "escarboucle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Northern French",
"lang_code": "fro-nor",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "charbuncle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "carboncle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "carboucle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "escarboucle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Northern French",
"lang_code": "fro-nor",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "carboncle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "carboucle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "escarboucle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Northern French",
"lang_code": "fro-nor",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "charboucle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbuncle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "carboncle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "carboucle"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "escarboucle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Northern French",
"lang_code": "fro-nor",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "carboucle"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbunclo"
}
],
"lang": "Semi-learned",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Karbunkel"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Karfunkel"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbúnculo"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cabrunco"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbunco"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbuncolo"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbunculo"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbonculo"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbúnculo"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "karbúnkul",
"word": "карбу́нкул"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "carbúnculo"
}
],
"lang": "Learned",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":af",
"3": "carbō<t:coal, charcoal>",
"4": "-culus<pos:diminutive nominal suffix>",
"text": "+",
"title": "carbunculus",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kerh₃-der.?\nLatin carbō\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nProto-Italic *-kelos\nLatin -culus\nLatin carbunculus\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"heat\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"redlink\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kerh₃-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"carbō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-elós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-lós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-elos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-kelos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-culus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"diminutive nominal suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"carbunculus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"carbunculus\">\nFrom carbō (“coal, charcoal”) + -culus (diminutive nominal suffix).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kerh₃-der.?\nLatin carbō\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nProto-Italic *-kelos\nLatin -culus\nLatin carbunculus\nFrom carbō (“coal, charcoal”) + -culus (diminutive nominal suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carbunculī",
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"carbunculī",
"carbunculi"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculī",
"links": [
[
"carbunculī",
"carbunculi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculī",
"links": [
[
"carbunculī",
"carbunculi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculōrum",
"links": [
[
"carbunculōrum",
"carbunculorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculō",
"links": [
[
"carbunculō",
"carbunculo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculīs",
"links": [
[
"carbunculīs",
"carbunculis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculōs",
"links": [
[
"carbunculōs",
"carbunculos#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculō",
"links": [
[
"carbunculō",
"carbunculo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculīs",
"links": [
[
"carbunculīs",
"carbunculis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carbuncule",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "carbunculī",
"links": [
[
"carbunculī",
"carbunculi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "carbunculus<2>"
},
"expansion": "carbunculus m (genitive carbunculī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "carbunculus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin diminutive nouns"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "small coal",
"word": "carbō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"diminutive of carbō: small coal"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"carbō",
"carbo#Latin"
],
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"coal",
"coal"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"diminutive",
"form-of",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin diminutive nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"diminutive of carbō: small coal",
"burning or devouring sorrow"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"carbō",
"carbo#Latin"
],
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"coal",
"coal"
],
[
"burning",
"burning"
],
[
"devouring",
"devouring"
],
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"diminutive of carbō: small coal",
"(figurative) burning or devouring sorrow"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"figuratively",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin metonyms"
],
"glosses": [
"kind of sandstone, red toph-stone"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"sandstone",
"sandstone"
],
[
"red",
"red"
],
[
"toph-stone",
"toph-stone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymic)",
"kind of sandstone, red toph-stone"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine",
"metonymically"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin metonyms"
],
"glosses": [
"reddish, bright kind of precious stone, probably comprising the ruby, carbuncle, hyacinth, garnet"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"reddish",
"reddish"
],
[
"bright",
"bright"
],
[
"precious stone",
"precious stone"
],
[
"ruby",
"ruby"
],
[
"carbuncle",
"carbuncle"
],
[
"hyacinth",
"hyacinth"
],
[
"garnet",
"garnet"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymic)",
"reddish, bright kind of precious stone, probably comprising the ruby, carbuncle, hyacinth, garnet"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine",
"metonymically"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin metonyms",
"la:Pathology"
],
"glosses": [
"A disease:",
"kind of tumor, carbuncle"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"disease",
"disease#English"
],
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"tumor",
"tumor"
],
[
"carbuncle",
"carbuncle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymic)",
"A disease:",
"(pathology) kind of tumor, carbuncle"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine",
"metonymically"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin metonyms",
"la:Plant diseases"
],
"glosses": [
"A disease:",
"disease caused by hoar-frost"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"disease",
"disease#English"
],
[
"phytopathology",
"phytopathology"
],
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"hoar-frost",
"hoar-frost"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymic)",
"A disease:",
"(phytopathology) disease caused by hoar-frost"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine",
"metonymically"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"pathology",
"phytopathology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[karˈbʊŋ.kʊ.ɫʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[karˈbuŋ.ku.lus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "carbunculus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for carbunculus meaning in Latin (12.6kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1713/20221215",
"msg": "later head without list of senses,template node #, carbunculus/Latin",
"path": [
"carbunculus"
],
"section": "Latin",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carbunculus",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.