"buttress" meaning in All languages combined

See buttress on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˈbʌtɹəs/ [UK], /ˈbʌtɹɪs/ [US] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-buttress.wav [Southern-England] Forms: buttresses [plural]
Etymology: From Old French ars bouterez (noun, literally “supporting arcs”), from bouterez (adj), oblique plural of bouteret (rare in the singular), from Frankish *botan, from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to push”). Ultimately cognate with beat. Etymology templates: {{der|en|fro|ars bouterez|lit=supporting arcs|pos=noun}} Old French ars bouterez (noun, literally “supporting arcs”), {{m|fro|bouterez|pos=adj}} bouterez (adj), {{m|fro|bouteret}} bouteret, {{der|en|frk|*botan}} Frankish *botan, {{der|en|gem-pro|*bautaną||to push}} Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to push”), {{m|en|beat}} beat Head templates: {{en-noun}} buttress (plural buttresses)
  1. (architecture) A brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it. Categories (topical): Architecture Synonyms: counterfort, brace Translations (brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it): контрафорс (kontrafors) [masculine] (Bulgarian), contrafort [masculine] (Catalan), opěrný pilíř [masculine] (Czech), stut [masculine] (Dutch), steun [masculine] (Dutch), beer [masculine] (Dutch), steunbeer [masculine] (Dutch), tukipilari (Finnish), arc-boutant m contrefort [masculine] (French), contraforte [masculine] (Galician), Stützpfeiler [masculine] (German), Strebepfeiler [masculine] (German), Gewölbepfeiler [masculine] (German), Pfeiler [masculine] (German), Gegenlager [neuter] (German), Strebewerk [neuter] (German), αντηρίδα (antirída) [feminine] (Greek), contrafforte [masculine] (Italian), contrafforti [masculine] (Italian), sperone [masculine] (Italian), erisma [neuter] (Latin), потпорка (potporka) [feminine] (Macedonian), контрафор (kontrafor) [masculine] (Macedonian), støtte [feminine, masculine] (Norwegian), przypora (Polish), botaréu [masculine] (Portuguese), contraforte [masculine] (Portuguese), contrafort [neuter] (Romanian), контрфорс (kontrfors) [masculine] (Russian), potporanj (Serbo-Croatian), oporný pilier [masculine] (Slovak), boterete [masculine] (Spanish), contrafuerte [masculine] (Spanish), estantal [masculine] (Spanish), machón [masculine] (Spanish), estribo [masculine] (Spanish), stötta (Swedish), strävpelare [common-gender] (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-buttress-en-noun-Hl9eW-OC Topics: architecture Disambiguation of 'brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it': 91 3 2 3 1
  2. (by extension) Anything that serves to support something; a prop. Tags: broadly Translations (anything that serves to support something): նեցուկ (necʻuk) (Armenian), հենարան (henaran) (Armenian), опора (opora) [feminine] (Bulgarian), подпора (podpora) [feminine] (Bulgarian), opora [feminine] (Czech), stut [masculine] (Dutch), steun [masculine] (Dutch), tuki (Finnish), appui [masculine] (French), corroboration (French), Stütze [masculine] (German), Strebe [feminine] (German), Aussteifung [feminine] (German), Abstützung [feminine] (German), Stempel [masculine] (German), supporto [masculine] (Italian), corroborazione (Italian), sperone [masculine] (Italian), потпора (potpora) [feminine] (Macedonian), hirinaki (Maori), whirinaki (Maori), kaumahaki (note: often refers to temporary supports) (Maori), støtte [feminine, masculine] (Norwegian), podpora [feminine] (Polish), contraforte [masculine] (Portuguese), apoio [masculine] (Portuguese), proteção [feminine] (Portuguese), anteparo [masculine] (Portuguese), reforço [masculine] (Portuguese), подпорка (podporka) [feminine] (Russian), опо́ра (opóra) [feminine] (Russian), potporanj (Serbo-Croatian), podupirač (Serbo-Croatian), sostén [masculine] (Spanish), apoyo [masculine] (Spanish), refuerzo [masculine] (Spanish), stötta (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-buttress-en-noun-4MWK-wFU Disambiguation of 'anything that serves to support something': 5 90 2 1 3
  3. (botany) A buttress-root. Categories (topical): Botany
    Sense id: en-buttress-en-noun-AEw4RZTd Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 5 5 32 20 21 4 13 Topics: biology, botany, natural-sciences
  4. (climbing) A feature jutting prominently out from a mountain or rock. Categories (topical): Climbing Synonyms: crag, bluff Translations (feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff): рид (rid) (Bulgarian), Vorsprung [masculine] (German), Vorbau [masculine] (German), Klippe [feminine] (German), Felsspitze [feminine] (German), Felsenspitze [feminine] (German), Felsvorsprung [masculine] (German), sperone [masculine] (Italian), contraforte [masculine] (Portuguese), contrafuerte [masculine] (Spanish), estribo [masculine] (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-buttress-en-noun-QwN8Zi2H Topics: climbing, hobbies, lifestyle, sports Disambiguation of 'feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff': 5 4 10 79 1
  5. (figurative) Anything that supports or strengthens. Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-buttress-en-noun-tgBJRW8Y
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: buttrice Derived forms: flying buttress

Verb [English]

IPA: /ˈbʌtɹəs/ [UK], /ˈbʌtɹɪs/ [US] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-buttress.wav [Southern-England] Forms: buttresses [present, singular, third-person], buttressing [participle, present], buttressed [participle, past], buttressed [past]
Etymology: From Old French ars bouterez (noun, literally “supporting arcs”), from bouterez (adj), oblique plural of bouteret (rare in the singular), from Frankish *botan, from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to push”). Ultimately cognate with beat. Etymology templates: {{der|en|fro|ars bouterez|lit=supporting arcs|pos=noun}} Old French ars bouterez (noun, literally “supporting arcs”), {{m|fro|bouterez|pos=adj}} bouterez (adj), {{m|fro|bouteret}} bouteret, {{der|en|frk|*botan}} Frankish *botan, {{der|en|gem-pro|*bautaną||to push}} Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to push”), {{m|en|beat}} beat Head templates: {{en-verb}} buttress (third-person singular simple present buttresses, present participle buttressing, simple past and past participle buttressed)
  1. To support something physically with, or as if with, a prop or buttress. Translations (support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress): подпирам (podpiram) (Bulgarian), stutten (Dutch), ondersteunen (Dutch), tukea (Finnish), arc-bouter (French), stützen (German), verstärken (German), потпира (potpira) (Macedonian), støtte (Norwegian), poduprijeti (Serbo-Croatian), podboltati (Serbo-Croatian), apuntalar (Spanish), stötta (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-buttress-en-verb-idGIopEE Disambiguation of 'support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress': 75 25
  2. (figurative, by extension) To support something or someone by supplying evidence. Tags: broadly, figuratively Synonyms: corroborate, substantiate Translations (support something or someone by supplying evidence): поддържам (poddǎržam) (Bulgarian), ondersteunen (Dutch), onderbouwen (Dutch), tukea (Finnish), corroborer (French), stützen (German), untermauern (German), appoggiare (Italian), sostenere (Italian), rafforzare (Italian), corroborare (Italian), поддржува (poddržuva) (Macedonian), understøtte (Norwegian), corroborar (Spanish), afianzar (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-buttress-en-verb-CrvHsBUi Disambiguation of 'support something or someone by supplying evidence': 5 95
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: buttrice

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for buttress meaning in All languages combined (26.4kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "flying buttress"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "ars bouterez",
        "lit": "supporting arcs",
        "pos": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French ars bouterez (noun, literally “supporting arcs”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "bouterez",
        "pos": "adj"
      },
      "expansion": "bouterez (adj)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "bouteret"
      },
      "expansion": "bouteret",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*botan"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *botan",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*bautaną",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to push"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to push”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "beat"
      },
      "expansion": "beat",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French ars bouterez (noun, literally “supporting arcs”), from bouterez (adj), oblique plural of bouteret (rare in the singular), from Frankish *botan, from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to push”). Ultimately cognate with beat.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "buttresses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "buttress (plural buttresses)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Architecture",
          "orig": "en:Architecture",
          "parents": [
            "Applied sciences",
            "Art",
            "Sciences",
            "Culture",
            "All topics",
            "Society",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Coordinate term: pilaster"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it."
      ],
      "id": "en-buttress-en-noun-Hl9eW-OC",
      "links": [
        [
          "architecture",
          "architecture"
        ],
        [
          "brick",
          "brick"
        ],
        [
          "structure",
          "structure"
        ],
        [
          "support",
          "support"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(architecture) A brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "counterfort"
        },
        {
          "word": "brace"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "architecture"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "kontrafors",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "контрафорс"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "contrafort"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "opěrný pilíř"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "stut"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "steun"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "beer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "steunbeer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "word": "tukipilari"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "arc-boutant m contrefort"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "contraforte"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Stützpfeiler"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Strebepfeiler"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Gewölbepfeiler"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Pfeiler"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Gegenlager"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Strebewerk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "antirída",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "αντηρίδα"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "contrafforte"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "contrafforti"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "sperone"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "erisma"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "potporka",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "потпорка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "kontrafor",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "контрафор"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "støtte"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "word": "przypora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "botaréu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "contraforte"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "contrafort"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "kontrfors",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "контрфорс"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "word": "potporanj"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "oporný pilier"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "boterete"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "contrafuerte"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "estantal"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "machón"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "estribo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "word": "stötta"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 3 2 3 1",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "strävpelare"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Anything that serves to support something; a prop."
      ],
      "id": "en-buttress-en-noun-4MWK-wFU",
      "links": [
        [
          "prop",
          "prop"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension) Anything that serves to support something; a prop."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "necʻuk",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "word": "նեցուկ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "henaran",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "word": "հենարան"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "opora",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "опора"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "podpora",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "подпора"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "opora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "stut"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "steun"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "word": "tuki"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "appui"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "word": "corroboration"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Stütze"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Strebe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Aussteifung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Abstützung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Stempel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "supporto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "word": "corroborazione"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "sperone"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "potpora",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "потпора"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "word": "hirinaki"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "word": "whirinaki"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "note": "often refers to temporary supports",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "word": "kaumahaki"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "støtte"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "podpora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "contraforte"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "apoio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "proteção"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "anteparo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "reforço"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "podporka",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "подпорка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "opóra",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "опо́ра"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "word": "potporanj"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "word": "podupirač"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "sostén"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "apoyo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "refuerzo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 90 2 1 3",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
          "word": "stötta"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Botany",
          "orig": "en:Botany",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 5 32 20 21 4 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A buttress-root."
      ],
      "id": "en-buttress-en-noun-AEw4RZTd",
      "links": [
        [
          "botany",
          "botany"
        ],
        [
          "buttress-root",
          "buttress-root"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(botany) A buttress-root."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "botany",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Climbing",
          "orig": "en:Climbing",
          "parents": [
            "Sports",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Crowell Buttresses, Dismal Buttress"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2005, Will Cook, Until Darkness Disappears, page 54",
          "text": "All that day they rode into broken land. The prairie with its grass and rolling hills was behind them, and they entered a sparse, dry, rocky country, full of draws and short cañons and ominous buttresses.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2010, Tony Howard, Treks and Climbs in Wadi Rum, Jordan, page 84",
          "text": "Two short pitches up a chimney-crack are followed by a traverse right to the centre of the buttress.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A feature jutting prominently out from a mountain or rock."
      ],
      "id": "en-buttress-en-noun-QwN8Zi2H",
      "links": [
        [
          "climbing",
          "climbing#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(climbing) A feature jutting prominently out from a mountain or rock."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "crag"
        },
        {
          "word": "bluff"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "climbing",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "5 4 10 79 1",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "rid",
          "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
          "word": "рид"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 4 10 79 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Vorsprung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 4 10 79 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Vorbau"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 4 10 79 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Klippe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 4 10 79 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Felsspitze"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 4 10 79 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Felsenspitze"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 4 10 79 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Felsvorsprung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 4 10 79 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "sperone"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 4 10 79 1",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "contraforte"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 4 10 79 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "contrafuerte"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 4 10 79 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "estribo"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1692 October 30, Robert South, A Further Account of the Nature and Measures of Conscience",
          "text": "the grand pillar and buttress of the good old cause of nonconformity",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Anything that supports or strengthens."
      ],
      "id": "en-buttress-en-noun-tgBJRW8Y",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) Anything that supports or strengthens."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbʌtɹəs/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbʌtɹɪs/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-buttress.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-buttress.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-buttress.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-buttress.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-buttress.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "buttrice"
    }
  ],
  "word": "buttress"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "ars bouterez",
        "lit": "supporting arcs",
        "pos": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French ars bouterez (noun, literally “supporting arcs”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "bouterez",
        "pos": "adj"
      },
      "expansion": "bouterez (adj)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "bouteret"
      },
      "expansion": "bouteret",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*botan"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *botan",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*bautaną",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to push"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to push”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "beat"
      },
      "expansion": "beat",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French ars bouterez (noun, literally “supporting arcs”), from bouterez (adj), oblique plural of bouteret (rare in the singular), from Frankish *botan, from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to push”). Ultimately cognate with beat.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "buttresses",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buttressing",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buttressed",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buttressed",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "buttress (third-person singular simple present buttresses, present participle buttressing, simple past and past participle buttressed)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To support something physically with, or as if with, a prop or buttress."
      ],
      "id": "en-buttress-en-verb-idGIopEE",
      "links": [
        [
          "physically",
          "physically"
        ],
        [
          "prop",
          "prop"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "podpiram",
          "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
          "word": "подпирам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
          "word": "stutten"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
          "word": "ondersteunen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
          "word": "tukea"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
          "word": "arc-bouter"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
          "word": "stützen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
          "word": "verstärken"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "potpira",
          "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
          "word": "потпира"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
          "word": "støtte"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
          "word": "poduprijeti"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
          "word": "podboltati"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
          "word": "apuntalar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
          "word": "stötta"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2021 April 14, Diana B. Henriques, “Bernard Madoff, Architect of Largest Ponzi Scheme in History, Is Dead at 82”, in The New York Times, →ISSN",
          "text": "Buttressed by elaborate account statements and a deep reservoir of trust from his investors and regulators, Mr. Madoff steered his fraud scheme safely through a severe recession in the early 1990s, a global financial crisis in 1998 and the anxious aftermath of the terrorist attacks in September 2001.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To support something or someone by supplying evidence."
      ],
      "id": "en-buttress-en-verb-CrvHsBUi",
      "links": [
        [
          "evidence",
          "evidence"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative, by extension) To support something or someone by supplying evidence."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "corroborate"
        },
        {
          "word": "substantiate"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "figuratively"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "poddǎržam",
          "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
          "word": "поддържам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
          "word": "ondersteunen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
          "word": "onderbouwen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
          "word": "tukea"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
          "word": "corroborer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
          "word": "stützen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
          "word": "untermauern"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
          "word": "appoggiare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
          "word": "sostenere"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
          "word": "rafforzare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
          "word": "corroborare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "poddržuva",
          "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
          "word": "поддржува"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
          "word": "understøtte"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
          "word": "corroborar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
          "word": "afianzar"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbʌtɹəs/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbʌtɹɪs/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-buttress.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-buttress.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-buttress.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-buttress.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-buttress.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "buttrice"
    }
  ],
  "word": "buttress"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Frankish",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English verbs"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "flying buttress"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "ars bouterez",
        "lit": "supporting arcs",
        "pos": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French ars bouterez (noun, literally “supporting arcs”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "bouterez",
        "pos": "adj"
      },
      "expansion": "bouterez (adj)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "bouteret"
      },
      "expansion": "bouteret",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*botan"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *botan",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*bautaną",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to push"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to push”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "beat"
      },
      "expansion": "beat",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French ars bouterez (noun, literally “supporting arcs”), from bouterez (adj), oblique plural of bouteret (rare in the singular), from Frankish *botan, from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to push”). Ultimately cognate with beat.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "buttresses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "buttress (plural buttresses)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Architecture"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Coordinate term: pilaster"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "architecture",
          "architecture"
        ],
        [
          "brick",
          "brick"
        ],
        [
          "structure",
          "structure"
        ],
        [
          "support",
          "support"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(architecture) A brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "counterfort"
        },
        {
          "word": "brace"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "architecture"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Anything that serves to support something; a prop."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "prop",
          "prop"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension) Anything that serves to support something; a prop."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Botany"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A buttress-root."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "botany",
          "botany"
        ],
        [
          "buttress-root",
          "buttress-root"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(botany) A buttress-root."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "botany",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned",
        "en:Climbing"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Crowell Buttresses, Dismal Buttress"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2005, Will Cook, Until Darkness Disappears, page 54",
          "text": "All that day they rode into broken land. The prairie with its grass and rolling hills was behind them, and they entered a sparse, dry, rocky country, full of draws and short cañons and ominous buttresses.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2010, Tony Howard, Treks and Climbs in Wadi Rum, Jordan, page 84",
          "text": "Two short pitches up a chimney-crack are followed by a traverse right to the centre of the buttress.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A feature jutting prominently out from a mountain or rock."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "climbing",
          "climbing#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(climbing) A feature jutting prominently out from a mountain or rock."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "crag"
        },
        {
          "word": "bluff"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "climbing",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1692 October 30, Robert South, A Further Account of the Nature and Measures of Conscience",
          "text": "the grand pillar and buttress of the good old cause of nonconformity",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Anything that supports or strengthens."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) Anything that supports or strengthens."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbʌtɹəs/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbʌtɹɪs/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-buttress.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-buttress.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-buttress.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-buttress.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-buttress.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "buttrice"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "kontrafors",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "контрафорс"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "contrafort"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "opěrný pilíř"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "stut"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "steun"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "beer"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "steunbeer"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "word": "tukipilari"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "arc-boutant m contrefort"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "contraforte"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Stützpfeiler"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Strebepfeiler"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Gewölbepfeiler"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Pfeiler"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Gegenlager"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Strebewerk"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "antirída",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "αντηρίδα"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "contrafforte"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "contrafforti"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sperone"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "erisma"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "potporka",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "потпорка"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "kontrafor",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "контрафор"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "støtte"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "word": "przypora"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "botaréu"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "contraforte"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "contrafort"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "kontrfors",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "контрфорс"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "word": "potporanj"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "oporný pilier"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "boterete"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "contrafuerte"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "estantal"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "machón"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "estribo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "word": "stötta"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "strävpelare"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "necʻuk",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "word": "նեցուկ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "henaran",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "word": "հենարան"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "opora",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "опора"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "podpora",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "подпора"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "opora"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "stut"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "steun"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "word": "tuki"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "appui"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "word": "corroboration"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Stütze"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Strebe"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Aussteifung"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Abstützung"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Stempel"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "supporto"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "word": "corroborazione"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sperone"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "potpora",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "потпора"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "word": "hirinaki"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "word": "whirinaki"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "note": "often refers to temporary supports",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "word": "kaumahaki"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "støtte"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "podpora"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "contraforte"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "apoio"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "proteção"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "anteparo"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "reforço"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "podporka",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "подпорка"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "opóra",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "опо́ра"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "word": "potporanj"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "word": "podupirač"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sostén"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "apoyo"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "refuerzo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "anything that serves to support something",
      "word": "stötta"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "rid",
      "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
      "word": "рид"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Vorsprung"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Vorbau"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Klippe"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Felsspitze"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Felsenspitze"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Felsvorsprung"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sperone"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "contraforte"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "contrafuerte"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "feature jutting out from mountain; crag, bluff",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "estribo"
    }
  ],
  "word": "buttress"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Frankish",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English verbs"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "ars bouterez",
        "lit": "supporting arcs",
        "pos": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French ars bouterez (noun, literally “supporting arcs”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "bouterez",
        "pos": "adj"
      },
      "expansion": "bouterez (adj)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "bouteret"
      },
      "expansion": "bouteret",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*botan"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *botan",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*bautaną",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to push"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to push”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "beat"
      },
      "expansion": "beat",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French ars bouterez (noun, literally “supporting arcs”), from bouterez (adj), oblique plural of bouteret (rare in the singular), from Frankish *botan, from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to push”). Ultimately cognate with beat.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "buttresses",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buttressing",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buttressed",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buttressed",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "buttress (third-person singular simple present buttresses, present participle buttressing, simple past and past participle buttressed)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To support something physically with, or as if with, a prop or buttress."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "physically",
          "physically"
        ],
        [
          "prop",
          "prop"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2021 April 14, Diana B. Henriques, “Bernard Madoff, Architect of Largest Ponzi Scheme in History, Is Dead at 82”, in The New York Times, →ISSN",
          "text": "Buttressed by elaborate account statements and a deep reservoir of trust from his investors and regulators, Mr. Madoff steered his fraud scheme safely through a severe recession in the early 1990s, a global financial crisis in 1998 and the anxious aftermath of the terrorist attacks in September 2001.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To support something or someone by supplying evidence."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "evidence",
          "evidence"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative, by extension) To support something or someone by supplying evidence."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "corroborate"
        },
        {
          "word": "substantiate"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbʌtɹəs/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbʌtɹɪs/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-buttress.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-buttress.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-buttress.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-buttress.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-buttress.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "buttrice"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "podpiram",
      "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
      "word": "подпирам"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
      "word": "stutten"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
      "word": "ondersteunen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
      "word": "tukea"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
      "word": "arc-bouter"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
      "word": "stützen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
      "word": "verstärken"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "potpira",
      "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
      "word": "потпира"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
      "word": "støtte"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
      "word": "poduprijeti"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
      "word": "podboltati"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
      "word": "apuntalar"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "support something physically with, or as if with, a buttress",
      "word": "stötta"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "poddǎržam",
      "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
      "word": "поддържам"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
      "word": "ondersteunen"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
      "word": "onderbouwen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
      "word": "tukea"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
      "word": "corroborer"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
      "word": "stützen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
      "word": "untermauern"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
      "word": "appoggiare"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
      "word": "sostenere"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
      "word": "rafforzare"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
      "word": "corroborare"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "poddržuva",
      "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
      "word": "поддржува"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
      "word": "understøtte"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
      "word": "corroborar"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "support something or someone by supplying evidence",
      "word": "afianzar"
    }
  ],
  "word": "buttress"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.