See crag on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for crag meaning in All languages combined (14.9kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cragfast"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Crag Foot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "craggy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "crag martin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cragsman"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "crag"
},
"expansion": "Middle English crag",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mga",
"3": "crec"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish crec",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "carrac"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish carrac",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "creig"
},
"expansion": "Irish creig",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "creag"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic creag",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "und",
"2": "*kar",
"3": "",
"4": "stone, hard"
},
"expansion": "*kar (“stone, hard”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "քար",
"3": "",
"4": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian քար (kʻar, “stone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "खर",
"3": "",
"4": "hard, solid"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit खर (khara, “hard, solid”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "carreg",
"3": "",
"4": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Welsh carreg (“stone”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 13th century Middle English crag, from Middle Irish crec, a contracted form of Old Irish carrac (compare Irish creig, Scottish Gaelic creag), possibly ultimately from the late Proto-Indo-European/substrate *kar (“stone, hard”); see also Old Armenian քար (kʻar, “stone”), Sanskrit खर (khara, “hard, solid”), Welsh carreg (“stone”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crags",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "crag (countable and uncountable, plural crags)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern England English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A rocky outcrop; a rugged steep cliff or rock."
],
"id": "en-crag-en-noun-en:outcrop",
"links": [
[
"rocky",
"rocky"
],
[
"outcrop",
"outcrop"
],
[
"rugged",
"rugged"
],
[
"steep",
"steep#Adjective"
],
[
"cliff",
"cliff"
],
[
"rock",
"rock#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Northern England) A rocky outcrop; a rugged steep cliff or rock."
],
"senseid": [
"en:outcrop"
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "shkrep"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skërkë"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jurfun",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "جُرْفٌ"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "skalá",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "скала́"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čukar",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чукар"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kanara",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "канара"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiàobì",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "峭壁"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yá",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "崖"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "útes"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "převis"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "kalliojyrkänne"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "affleurement"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "éperon rocheux"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "penedo"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳlde",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "კლდე"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Felsen"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "krēmnós",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κρημνός"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "erípnē",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ἐρίπνη"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "szirt"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "kőszirt"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "szikla"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "sziklaorom"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "bérc"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "sziklabérc"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "sziklafok"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "creig"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "costone"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dirupo"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strapiombo"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "precipizio"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bricco"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bric"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "falesia"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"alt": "きょがん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kyogan",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "巨岩"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"alt": "がけ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gake",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "崖"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "scopulus"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skała"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grań"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rochedo"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "penha"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skalá",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "скала́"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "utjós",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "утёс"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "creag"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carraig"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "afloramiento rocoso"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "peñón"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "despeñadero"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 3 6 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "skélja",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ске́ля"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A rough, broken fragment of rock."
],
"id": "en-crag-en-noun-O8dRia9B",
"links": [
[
"rough",
"rough#Adjective"
],
[
"broken",
"broken#Adjective"
],
[
"fragment",
"fragment#Noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Geology",
"orig": "en:Geology",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A partially compacted bed of gravel mixed with shells, of the Pliocene to Pleistocene epochs."
],
"id": "en-crag-en-noun-KiTXalIP",
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"partially",
"partially"
],
[
"compacted",
"compacted#Adjective"
],
[
"bed",
"bed#Noun"
],
[
"gravel",
"gravel"
],
[
"mixed",
"mix#Verb"
],
[
"shells",
"shell#Noun"
],
[
"Pliocene",
"Pliocene"
],
[
"Pleistocene",
"Pleistocene"
],
[
"epoch",
"epoch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) A partially compacted bed of gravel mixed with shells, of the Pliocene to Pleistocene epochs."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 6 14 60 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 12 15 52 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 7 18 55 2",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "en:Landforms",
"parents": [
"Earth",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 12 27 38 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Rocks",
"orig": "en:Rocks",
"parents": [
"Geology",
"Natural materials",
"Earth sciences",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A game played with three dice, similar to Yahtzee."
],
"id": "en-crag-en-noun-v5Co5FXJ",
"links": [
[
"Yahtzee",
"Yahtzee"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) A game played with three dice, similar to Yahtzee."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹæɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æɡ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-crag.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crag.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crag.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crag.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crag.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "craig"
}
],
"word": "crag"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "craw"
},
"expansion": "craw",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A variant of craw.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crags",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crag (plural crags)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"The neck or throat."
],
"id": "en-crag-en-noun-Xu6qMOP4",
"links": [
[
"neck",
"neck#Noun"
],
[
"throat",
"throat#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal or obsolete) The neck or throat."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹæɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æɡ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-crag.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crag.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crag.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crag.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crag.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "crag"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crag"
},
"expansion": "English: crag",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: crag"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "craggès"
},
"expansion": "Yola: craggès",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: craggès"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cel"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "mga",
"3": "crec"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish crec",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sga",
"3": "carrac"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish carrac",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "und",
"2": "*kar",
"3": "",
"4": "stone, hard"
},
"expansion": "*kar (“stone, hard”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "քար",
"3": "",
"4": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian քար (kʻar, “stone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "खर",
"3": "",
"4": "hard, solid"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit खर (khara, “hard, solid”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "carreg",
"3": "",
"4": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Welsh carreg (“stone”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Irish crec, from Old Irish carrac, possibly from the late Proto-Indo-European/substrate *kar (“stone, hard”); see also Old Armenian քար (kʻar, “stone”), Sanskrit खर (khara, “hard, solid”), Welsh carreg (“stone”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cragges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "crag",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cragges"
},
"expansion": "crag (plural cragges)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined language links",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cliff"
],
"id": "en-crag-enm-noun-aiZDuyki",
"links": [
[
"cliff",
"cliff"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cragge"
},
{
"word": "kragge"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kraɡ/"
}
],
"word": "crag"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Celtic languages",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle Irish",
"English terms derived from Old Irish",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from substrate languages",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:English/æɡ",
"Rhymes:English/æɡ/1 syllable",
"en:Landforms",
"en:Rocks"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cragfast"
},
{
"word": "Crag Foot"
},
{
"word": "craggy"
},
{
"word": "crag martin"
},
{
"word": "cragsman"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "crag"
},
"expansion": "Middle English crag",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mga",
"3": "crec"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish crec",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "carrac"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish carrac",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "creig"
},
"expansion": "Irish creig",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "creag"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic creag",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "und",
"2": "*kar",
"3": "",
"4": "stone, hard"
},
"expansion": "*kar (“stone, hard”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "քար",
"3": "",
"4": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian քար (kʻar, “stone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "खर",
"3": "",
"4": "hard, solid"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit खर (khara, “hard, solid”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "carreg",
"3": "",
"4": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Welsh carreg (“stone”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 13th century Middle English crag, from Middle Irish crec, a contracted form of Old Irish carrac (compare Irish creig, Scottish Gaelic creag), possibly ultimately from the late Proto-Indo-European/substrate *kar (“stone, hard”); see also Old Armenian քար (kʻar, “stone”), Sanskrit खर (khara, “hard, solid”), Welsh carreg (“stone”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crags",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "crag (countable and uncountable, plural crags)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Northern England English"
],
"glosses": [
"A rocky outcrop; a rugged steep cliff or rock."
],
"links": [
[
"rocky",
"rocky"
],
[
"outcrop",
"outcrop"
],
[
"rugged",
"rugged"
],
[
"steep",
"steep#Adjective"
],
[
"cliff",
"cliff"
],
[
"rock",
"rock#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Northern England) A rocky outcrop; a rugged steep cliff or rock."
],
"senseid": [
"en:outcrop"
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A rough, broken fragment of rock."
],
"links": [
[
"rough",
"rough#Adjective"
],
[
"broken",
"broken#Adjective"
],
[
"fragment",
"fragment#Noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Geology"
],
"glosses": [
"A partially compacted bed of gravel mixed with shells, of the Pliocene to Pleistocene epochs."
],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"partially",
"partially"
],
[
"compacted",
"compacted#Adjective"
],
[
"bed",
"bed#Noun"
],
[
"gravel",
"gravel"
],
[
"mixed",
"mix#Verb"
],
[
"shells",
"shell#Noun"
],
[
"Pliocene",
"Pliocene"
],
[
"Pleistocene",
"Pleistocene"
],
[
"epoch",
"epoch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) A partially compacted bed of gravel mixed with shells, of the Pliocene to Pleistocene epochs."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"A game played with three dice, similar to Yahtzee."
],
"links": [
[
"Yahtzee",
"Yahtzee"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) A game played with three dice, similar to Yahtzee."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹæɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æɡ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-crag.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crag.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crag.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crag.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crag.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "craig"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "shkrep"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skërkë"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jurfun",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "جُرْفٌ"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "skalá",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "скала́"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čukar",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чукар"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kanara",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "канара"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiàobì",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "峭壁"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yá",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "崖"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "útes"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "převis"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "kalliojyrkänne"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "affleurement"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "éperon rocheux"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "penedo"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳlde",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "კლდე"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Felsen"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "krēmnós",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κρημνός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "erípnē",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ἐρίπνη"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "szirt"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "kőszirt"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "szikla"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "sziklaorom"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "bérc"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "sziklabérc"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "sziklafok"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "creig"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "costone"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dirupo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strapiombo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "precipizio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bricco"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bric"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "falesia"
},
{
"alt": "きょがん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kyogan",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "巨岩"
},
{
"alt": "がけ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gake",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"word": "崖"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "scopulus"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skała"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grań"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rochedo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "penha"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skalá",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "скала́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "utjós",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "утёс"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "creag"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carraig"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "afloramiento rocoso"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "peñón"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "despeñadero"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "skélja",
"sense": "rocky outcrop",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ске́ля"
}
],
"word": "crag"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/æɡ",
"Rhymes:English/æɡ/1 syllable",
"en:Landforms",
"en:Rocks"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "craw"
},
"expansion": "craw",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A variant of craw.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crags",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crag (plural crags)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"The neck or throat."
],
"links": [
[
"neck",
"neck#Noun"
],
[
"throat",
"throat#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal or obsolete) The neck or throat."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹæɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æɡ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-crag.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crag.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crag.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crag.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crag.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "crag"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crag"
},
"expansion": "English: crag",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: crag"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "craggès"
},
"expansion": "Yola: craggès",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: craggès"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cel"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "mga",
"3": "crec"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish crec",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sga",
"3": "carrac"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish carrac",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "und",
"2": "*kar",
"3": "",
"4": "stone, hard"
},
"expansion": "*kar (“stone, hard”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "քար",
"3": "",
"4": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian քար (kʻar, “stone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "खर",
"3": "",
"4": "hard, solid"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit खर (khara, “hard, solid”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "carreg",
"3": "",
"4": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Welsh carreg (“stone”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Irish crec, from Old Irish carrac, possibly from the late Proto-Indo-European/substrate *kar (“stone, hard”); see also Old Armenian քար (kʻar, “stone”), Sanskrit खर (khara, “hard, solid”), Welsh carreg (“stone”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cragges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "crag",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cragges"
},
"expansion": "crag (plural cragges)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Middle Irish",
"Middle English terms derived from Celtic languages",
"Middle English terms derived from Middle Irish",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Irish",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from substrate languages",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Undetermined language links"
],
"glosses": [
"cliff"
],
"links": [
[
"cliff",
"cliff"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kraɡ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cragge"
},
{
"word": "kragge"
}
],
"word": "crag"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.