See Rum on Wiktionary
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{
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}
],
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{
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{
"extra": "the capital of Italy",
"word": "Rome"
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"Alternative form of Rome, the capital of Italy."
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"capital",
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"Italy",
"Italy#English"
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"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete or archaic) Alternative form of Rome, the capital of Italy."
],
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"alt-of",
"alternative",
"archaic",
"obsolete"
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}
],
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"1": "en",
"2": "trk-oat",
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ota",
"3": "روم",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia",
"tr": "Rum"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish روم (Rum, “Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia”)",
"name": "bor"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "رُوم",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome; Byzantine Empire",
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"expansion": "Arabic رُوم (Rūm, “Rome; Byzantine Empire”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬",
"tr": "Hrom"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gkm",
"3": "Ῥωμανία",
"4": "",
"5": "Byzantine Empire"
},
"expansion": "Byzantine Greek Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía, “Byzantine Empire”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "Romanus",
"4": "Romani",
"5": "Romans"
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Roma",
"3": "Rome"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Roma and Rome",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Seljuk Old Anatolian Turkish and Ottoman Turkish روم (Rum, “Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia”), from Arabic رُوم (Rūm, “Rome; Byzantine Empire”), from Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom), from Byzantine Greek Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía, “Byzantine Empire”), from Latin Romani (“Romans”), from Roma (“Rome”). Doublet of Roma and Rome.",
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"An eyalet in the Ottoman Empire."
],
"id": "en-Rum-en-name-5AwxdG6D",
"links": [
[
"Ottoman Empire",
"Ottoman Empire#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) An eyalet in the Ottoman Empire."
],
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{
"_dis1": "79 5 16",
"sense": "Ottoman eyalet",
"word": "Sivas"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
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"name": "Historical polities",
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"Proper nouns",
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"Lemmas"
],
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}
],
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"A former polity in Anatolia, a Seljuk sultanate."
],
"id": "en-Rum-en-name-tFPSGxj0",
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[
"polity",
"polity"
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[
"Anatolia",
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[
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"sultanate"
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"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A former polity in Anatolia, a Seljuk sultanate."
],
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"historical"
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},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of Anatolia and the Byzantine Empire in historical Turkish contexts."
],
"id": "en-Rum-en-name-n7ueH6sW",
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[
"Anatolia",
"Anatolia#English"
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"Byzantine Empire",
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"historical"
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[
"Turkish",
"Turkish"
],
[
"context",
"context"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Synonym of Anatolia and the Byzantine Empire in historical Turkish contexts."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "Anatolia and the Byzantine Empire in historical Turkish contexts"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Rûm"
}
],
"word": "Rum"
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{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "an island of the Inner Hebrides, Highland council area, Scotland, United Kingdom",
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}
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{
"kind": "place",
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"Lemmas"
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},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Highland, Scotland",
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{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 15 7 5 2 1 1 19 23 1 1 5 7 6 1 1",
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"Alternative form of Rùm, an island of the Inner Hebrides, Highland council area, Scotland, United Kingdom."
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[
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"Inner Hebrides",
"Inner Hebrides#English"
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[
"Highland",
"Highland#English"
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[
"Scotland",
"Scotland#English"
],
[
"United Kingdom",
"United Kingdom#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
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}
],
"word": "Rum"
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{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "rum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: rum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: rum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "rum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: rum",
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}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: rum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "rom",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: rom",
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}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: rom"
}
],
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"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "en",
"3": "rum"
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"expansion": "Borrowed from English rum",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English rum.",
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{
"form": "Rums",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "masculine strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rums",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "Rum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
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},
{
"form": "Rum",
"source": "declension",
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}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "m.sg"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
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],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"rum"
],
"id": "en-Rum-de-noun-V~ZPG0VX",
"links": [
[
"rum",
"rum"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
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"strong"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/rʊm/"
},
{
"audio": "De-Rum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fc/De-Rum.ogg/De-Rum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/De-Rum.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "rum"
}
],
"word": "Rum"
}
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"1": "Rum (Tirol)",
"lang": "de",
"mul": "Rum (Ungarn)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "Rums",
"tags": [
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},
{
"form": "Rum",
"tags": [
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}
],
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],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "name",
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Places in Austria",
"orig": "de:Places in Austria",
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},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Places in Tyrol",
"orig": "de:Places in Tyrol",
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],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Towns in Austria",
"orig": "de:Towns in Austria",
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},
{
"kind": "place",
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],
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},
{
"_dis": "50 32 9 9 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 15 12 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Alcoholic beverages",
"orig": "de:Alcoholic beverages",
"parents": [
"Beverages",
"Recreational drugs",
"Drinking",
"Food and drink",
"Liquids",
"Drugs",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
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"Chemistry",
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"Biochemistry",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 24 14 16 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Byzantine Empire",
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"Ancient Near East",
"History of Asia",
"History of Europe",
"History of Greece",
"History of Turkey",
"Ancient history",
"Ancient Asia",
"Asia",
"History",
"Europe",
"Greece",
"Turkey",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
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"Nature",
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A market town in Tyrol, Austria"
],
"id": "en-Rum-de-name-154PF18F",
"links": [
[
"market town",
"market town"
],
[
"Tyrol",
"Tyrol#English"
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[
"Austria",
"Austria#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"proper-noun"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Places in Hungary",
"orig": "de:Places in Hungary",
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],
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},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Villages in Hungary",
"orig": "de:Villages in Hungary",
"parents": [
"Villages",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Villages in Vas County",
"orig": "de:Villages in Vas County",
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"Villages",
"Places",
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"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
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"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A village in Vas County, Hungary"
],
"id": "en-Rum-de-name-gycyveR3",
"links": [
[
"Vas County",
"Vas County#English"
],
[
"Hungary",
"Hungary#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"proper-noun"
]
}
],
"word": "Rum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Rumtürkisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Sultanat Rum"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
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{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ota",
"3": "روم",
"tr": "Rum"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish روم (Rum)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish روم (Rum), q.v.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Rums",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "neuter strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rums",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
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"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "Rum n (proper noun, strong, genitive Rums)",
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],
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{
"args": {
"1": "n.sg"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Regions of Asia",
"orig": "de:Regions of Asia",
"parents": [
"Regions",
"Places",
"Asia",
"Political subdivisions",
"Names",
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"Eurasia",
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"Terms by semantic function",
"Nature",
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"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of Anatolien, a region of southwestern Asia, in historical Turkish contexts."
],
"id": "en-Rum-de-name-9SFuKHnd",
"links": [
[
"Anatolien",
"Anatolien#German"
],
[
"Asia",
"Asia#English"
],
[
"historical",
"historical"
],
[
"Turkish",
"Turkish"
],
[
"context",
"context"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Synonym of Anatolien, a region of southwestern Asia, in historical Turkish contexts."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "a region of southwestern Asia, in historical Turkish contexts",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "Anatolien"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"neuter",
"proper-noun",
"strong"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Historical polities",
"orig": "de:Historical polities",
"parents": [
"Polities",
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of Byzanz, a former polity in Europe and Asia, in historical Turkish contexts."
],
"id": "en-Rum-de-name-G6QHzUxf",
"links": [
[
"Byzanz",
"Byzanz#German"
],
[
"polity",
"polity"
],
[
"Europe",
"Europe#English"
],
[
"Asia",
"Asia#English"
],
[
"historical",
"historical"
],
[
"Turkish",
"Turkish"
],
[
"context",
"context"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Synonym of Byzanz, a former polity in Europe and Asia, in historical Turkish contexts."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "a former polity in Europe and Asia, in historical Turkish contexts",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "Byzanz"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"neuter",
"proper-noun",
"strong"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ruːm/"
},
{
"homophone": "Ruhm"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Rūm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Rûm"
}
],
"word": "Rum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "fa",
"3": "روم"
},
"expansion": "Persian روم",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "ar",
"3": "روم",
"tr": "Rūm"
},
"expansion": "Arabic روم (Rūm)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬",
"tr": "Hrom"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "grc",
"3": "Ῥώμη"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "la",
"3": "Roma",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome"
},
"expansion": "Latin Roma (“Rome”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowing from Persian روم or Arabic روم (Rūm), from Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom), from Ancient Greek Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē), from Latin Roma (“Rome”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "روم",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "روم"
},
"expansion": "Rum (Jawi spelling روم)",
"name": "ms-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "ms",
"name": "Cities in Italy",
"orig": "ms:Cities in Italy",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "ms",
"name": "National capitals",
"orig": "ms:National capitals",
"parents": [
"Capital cities",
"Cities",
"Polities",
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "ms",
"name": "Places in Italy",
"orig": "ms:Places in Italy",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "ms",
"name": "Rome",
"orig": "ms:Rome",
"parents": [
"Lazio",
"Italy",
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 15 7 5 2 1 1 19 23 1 1 5 7 6 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 19 10 6 1 1 0 17 20 1 1 6 8 5 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Rumi"
},
{
"word": "Rumawi"
},
{
"word": "Laut Rum"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (the capital of Italy)"
],
"id": "en-Rum-ms-name-5qtlyz4H",
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"capital",
"capital"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "Rum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rhg",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "Rum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Rohingya",
"lang_code": "rhg",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Rohingya entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 15 7 5 2 1 1 19 23 1 1 5 7 6 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 19 10 6 1 1 0 17 20 1 1 6 8 5 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rome"
],
"id": "en-Rum-rhg-name-0NIgGRhl",
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome"
]
]
}
],
"word": "Rum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Bahari ya Rum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sultani Rum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "ota",
"3": "روم",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia",
"tr": "Rum"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish روم (Rum, “Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "trk-oat",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "ar",
"3": "رُوم",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome; Byzantine Empire",
"tr": "Rūm"
},
"expansion": "Arabic رُوم (Rūm, “Rome; Byzantine Empire”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬",
"tr": "Hrom"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "gkm",
"3": "Ῥωμανία",
"4": "",
"5": "Byzantine Empire"
},
"expansion": "Byzantine Greek Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía, “Byzantine Empire”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "la",
"3": "Romanus",
"4": "Romani",
"5": "Romans"
},
"expansion": "Latin Romani (“Romans”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish روم (Rum, “Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia”), from Seljuk Old Anatolian Turkish and Arabic رُوم (Rūm, “Rome; Byzantine Empire”), from Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom), from Byzantine Greek Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía, “Byzantine Empire”), from Latin Romani (“Romans”), from Roma (“Rome”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "Rum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rumi"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "sw",
"name": "Countries",
"orig": "sw:Countries",
"parents": [
"Polities",
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "sw",
"name": "Countries in Asia",
"orig": "sw:Countries in Asia",
"parents": [
"Countries",
"Places",
"Asia",
"Polities",
"Names",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Nature",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "sw",
"name": "Countries in Europe",
"orig": "sw:Countries in Europe",
"parents": [
"Countries",
"Places",
"Europe",
"Polities",
"Names",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Nature",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "sw",
"name": "Turkey",
"orig": "sw:Turkey",
"parents": [
"Asia",
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "65 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of Uturuki: Turkey (a country in Europe and Asia)"
],
"id": "en-Rum-sw-name-CvMEM9lV",
"links": [
[
"Uturuki",
"Uturuki#Swahili"
],
[
"Turkey",
"Turkey#English"
],
[
"Europe",
"Europe#English"
],
[
"Asia",
"Asia#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Synonym of Uturuki: Turkey (a country in Europe and Asia)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "Turkey (a country in Europe and Asia)",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "Uturuki"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "sw",
"name": "Historical polities",
"orig": "sw:Historical polities",
"parents": [
"Polities",
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ottoman Empire (a former polity in Europe, Asia and Africa)"
],
"id": "en-Rum-sw-name-DlATd88C",
"links": [
[
"Ottoman Empire",
"Ottoman Empire#English"
],
[
"polity",
"polity"
],
[
"Europe",
"Europe#English"
],
[
"Asia",
"Asia#English"
],
[
"Africa",
"Africa#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, historical) Ottoman Empire (a former polity in Europe, Asia and Africa)"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"historical"
]
}
],
"word": "Rum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "روم",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia",
"tr": "Rum"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish روم (Rum, “Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "trk-oat",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ar",
"3": "رُوم",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome; Byzantine Empire",
"tr": "Rūm"
},
"expansion": "Arabic رُوم (Rūm, “Rome; Byzantine Empire”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬",
"tr": "Hrom"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "gkm",
"3": "Ῥώμη",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome"
},
"expansion": "Byzantine Greek Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē, “Rome”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "la",
"3": "Romanus",
"4": "Romani",
"5": "Romans"
},
"expansion": "Latin Romani (“Romans”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Roma",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish روم (Rum, “Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia”), from Seljuk Old Anatolian Turkish and Arabic رُوم (Rūm, “Rome; Byzantine Empire”), from Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom), from Byzantine Greek Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē, “Rome”) and Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía, “Byzantine Empire”), from Latin Romani (“Romans”), from Roma (“Rome”) of uncertain origin. Doublet of Roma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'lar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'ları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumlara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'lara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'da",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumlarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'larda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'dan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumlardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'lardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'ların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-poss-prop-c-ou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'um",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumlarım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'larım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'ların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'ları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'umuz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumlarımız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'larımız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'unuz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumlarınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'larınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'ları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "proper noun",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "Rum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Rum",
"name": "tr-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 38 24 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 38 15 5 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "tr",
"name": "Nationalities",
"orig": "tr:Nationalities",
"parents": [
"Demonyms",
"People",
"Names",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A Greek person living in Muslim countries, especially in Turkey (now chiefly in Istanbul, Izmir, Thrace and Pontus) and Cyprus."
],
"id": "en-Rum-tr-name-8t8mpedg",
"links": [
[
"Greek",
"Greek"
],
[
"Turkey",
"Turkey"
],
[
"now",
"now"
],
[
"chiefly",
"chiefly"
],
[
"Istanbul",
"Istanbul"
],
[
"Izmir",
"Izmir"
],
[
"Thrace",
"Thrace"
],
[
"Pontus",
"Pontus"
],
[
"Cyprus",
"Cyprus"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 38 15 5 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "tr",
"name": "Nationalities",
"orig": "tr:Nationalities",
"parents": [
"Demonyms",
"People",
"Names",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any Greek person"
],
"id": "en-Rum-tr-name-75L6XoHZ",
"links": [
[
"Greek",
"Greek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) Any Greek person"
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Byzantine, a native of Byzantine Empire"
],
"id": "en-Rum-tr-name-dmw1SkTk",
"links": [
[
"Byzantine",
"Byzantine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Byzantine, a native of Byzantine Empire"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"The former lands of the Byzantine Empire, particularly central Anatolia"
],
"id": "en-Rum-tr-name-HfrUlvHv",
"links": [
[
"former",
"former"
],
[
"land",
"land"
],
[
"Byzantine Empire",
"Byzantine Empire"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"central",
"central"
],
[
"Anatolia",
"Anatolia"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, historical) The former lands of the Byzantine Empire, particularly central Anatolia"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"historical"
]
}
],
"word": "Rum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "روم",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia",
"tr": "Rum"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish روم (Rum, “Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "trk-oat",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ar",
"3": "رُوم",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome; Byzantine Empire",
"tr": "Rūm"
},
"expansion": "Arabic رُوم (Rūm, “Rome; Byzantine Empire”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬",
"tr": "Hrom"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "gkm",
"3": "Ῥώμη",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome"
},
"expansion": "Byzantine Greek Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē, “Rome”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "la",
"3": "Romanus",
"4": "Romani",
"5": "Romans"
},
"expansion": "Latin Romani (“Romans”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Roma",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish روم (Rum, “Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia”), from Seljuk Old Anatolian Turkish and Arabic رُوم (Rūm, “Rome; Byzantine Empire”), from Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom), from Byzantine Greek Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē, “Rome”) and Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía, “Byzantine Empire”), from Latin Romani (“Romans”), from Roma (“Rome”) of uncertain origin. Doublet of Roma.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "uncomparable"
},
"expansion": "Rum (uncomparable)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 38 15 5 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "tr",
"name": "Nationalities",
"orig": "tr:Nationalities",
"parents": [
"Demonyms",
"People",
"Names",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the old Greek houses",
"text": "eski Rum evleri",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Turco-Greek, of or related to the Rumlar, ethnic Greeks living in Turkey and Cyprus"
],
"id": "en-Rum-tr-adj-eLi4Jj5n",
"links": [
[
"Turco-Greek",
"Turco-Greek"
],
[
"related",
"related"
],
[
"Rumlar",
"Rumlar"
],
[
"ethnic",
"ethnic"
],
[
"Greek",
"Greek"
],
[
"living",
"living"
],
[
"Turkey",
"Turkey"
],
[
"Cyprus",
"Cyprus"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "palikarya"
},
{
"word": "Rumca"
},
{
"word": "Yunan"
},
{
"word": "Yunanca"
},
{
"word": "Yunanistan"
},
{
"word": "Yunanistanlı"
},
{
"word": "Yunanlı"
}
]
}
],
"word": "Rum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"tr:Nationalities"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old English",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*Rūmu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *Rūmu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*Rūmō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *Rūmō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "Rōma",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome; Constantinople; Roman Empire"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin Rōma (“Rome; Constantinople; Roman Empire”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "Rōma",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome"
},
"expansion": "Latin Rōma (“Rome”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English and Old English, from Proto-West Germanic *Rūmu, from Proto-Germanic *Rūmō under influence from Late Latin Rōma (“Rome; Constantinople; Roman Empire”), from Latin Rōma (“Rome”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Rum",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "the capital of Italy",
"word": "Rome"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"en:Cities in Italy",
"en:National capitals",
"en:Places in Italy"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of Rome, the capital of Italy."
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"capital",
"capital"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete or archaic) Alternative form of Rome, the capital of Italy."
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"archaic",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "Rum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Old Anatolian Turkish",
"English terms borrowed from Ottoman Turkish",
"English terms derived from Arabic",
"English terms derived from Byzantine Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle Persian",
"English terms derived from Old Anatolian Turkish",
"English terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"tr:Nationalities"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "trk-oat",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ota",
"3": "روم",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia",
"tr": "Rum"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish روم (Rum, “Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "رُوم",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome; Byzantine Empire",
"tr": "Rūm"
},
"expansion": "Arabic رُوم (Rūm, “Rome; Byzantine Empire”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬",
"tr": "Hrom"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gkm",
"3": "Ῥωμανία",
"4": "",
"5": "Byzantine Empire"
},
"expansion": "Byzantine Greek Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía, “Byzantine Empire”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "Romanus",
"4": "Romani",
"5": "Romans"
},
"expansion": "Latin Romani (“Romans”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Roma",
"3": "Rome"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Roma and Rome",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Seljuk Old Anatolian Turkish and Ottoman Turkish روم (Rum, “Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia”), from Arabic رُوم (Rūm, “Rome; Byzantine Empire”), from Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom), from Byzantine Greek Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía, “Byzantine Empire”), from Latin Romani (“Romans”), from Roma (“Rome”). Doublet of Roma and Rome.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Rum",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"An eyalet in the Ottoman Empire."
],
"links": [
[
"Ottoman Empire",
"Ottoman Empire#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) An eyalet in the Ottoman Empire."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"en:Historical polities"
],
"glosses": [
"A former polity in Anatolia, a Seljuk sultanate."
],
"links": [
[
"polity",
"polity"
],
[
"Anatolia",
"Anatolia#English"
],
[
"Seljuk",
"Seljuk"
],
[
"sultanate",
"sultanate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A former polity in Anatolia, a Seljuk sultanate."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of Anatolia and the Byzantine Empire in historical Turkish contexts."
],
"links": [
[
"Anatolia",
"Anatolia#English"
],
[
"Byzantine Empire",
"Byzantine Empire#English"
],
[
"historical",
"historical"
],
[
"Turkish",
"Turkish"
],
[
"context",
"context"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Synonym of Anatolia and the Byzantine Empire in historical Turkish contexts."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "Anatolia and the Byzantine Empire in historical Turkish contexts"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Rûm"
},
{
"sense": "Ottoman eyalet",
"word": "Sivas"
}
],
"word": "Rum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"tr:Nationalities"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Rum",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "an island of the Inner Hebrides, Highland council area, Scotland, United Kingdom",
"word": "Rùm"
}
],
"categories": [
"en:Islands",
"en:Places in Highland, Scotland",
"en:Places in Scotland"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of Rùm, an island of the Inner Hebrides, Highland council area, Scotland, United Kingdom."
],
"links": [
[
"Rùm",
"Rùm#English"
],
[
"Inner Hebrides",
"Inner Hebrides#English"
],
[
"Highland",
"Highland#English"
],
[
"Scotland",
"Scotland#English"
],
[
"United Kingdom",
"United Kingdom#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "Rum"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German masculine nouns",
"German neuter nouns",
"German nouns",
"German proper nouns",
"German terms borrowed from English",
"German terms borrowed from Ottoman Turkish",
"German terms derived from English",
"German terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"German terms with homophones",
"German uncountable nouns",
"Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"de:Alcoholic beverages",
"de:Byzantine Empire",
"tr:Nationalities"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "rum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: rum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: rum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "rum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: rum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: rum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "rom",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: rom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: rom"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "en",
"3": "rum"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English rum",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English rum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Rums",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "masculine strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rums",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.sg"
},
"expansion": "Rum m (strong, genitive Rums, no plural)",
"name": "de-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.sg"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"rum"
],
"links": [
[
"rum",
"rum"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"no-plural",
"strong"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/rʊm/"
},
{
"audio": "De-Rum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fc/De-Rum.ogg/De-Rum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/De-Rum.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "rum"
}
],
"word": "Rum"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German neuter nouns",
"German proper nouns",
"German terms borrowed from Ottoman Turkish",
"German terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"German terms with homophones",
"German uncountable nouns",
"Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"de:Alcoholic beverages",
"de:Byzantine Empire",
"tr:Nationalities"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Rum (Tirol)",
"lang": "de",
"mul": "Rum (Ungarn)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "Rums",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"with-article"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "toponym"
},
"expansion": "Rum n (proper noun, genitive Rums or (optionally with an article) Rum)",
"name": "de-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"de:Places in Austria",
"de:Places in Tyrol",
"de:Towns in Austria",
"de:Towns in Tyrol"
],
"glosses": [
"A market town in Tyrol, Austria"
],
"links": [
[
"market town",
"market town"
],
[
"Tyrol",
"Tyrol#English"
],
[
"Austria",
"Austria#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"proper-noun"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"de:Places in Hungary",
"de:Villages in Hungary",
"de:Villages in Vas County"
],
"glosses": [
"A village in Vas County, Hungary"
],
"links": [
[
"Vas County",
"Vas County#English"
],
[
"Hungary",
"Hungary#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"proper-noun"
]
}
],
"word": "Rum"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German neuter nouns",
"German proper nouns",
"German terms borrowed from Ottoman Turkish",
"German terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"German terms with homophones",
"German uncountable nouns",
"Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"de:Alcoholic beverages",
"de:Byzantine Empire",
"tr:Nationalities"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Rumtürkisch"
},
{
"word": "Sultanat Rum"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ota",
"3": "روم",
"tr": "Rum"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish روم (Rum)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish روم (Rum), q.v.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Rums",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "neuter strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rums",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "Rum n (proper noun, strong, genitive Rums)",
"name": "de-proper noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n.sg"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German terms with historical senses",
"de:Regions of Asia"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of Anatolien, a region of southwestern Asia, in historical Turkish contexts."
],
"links": [
[
"Anatolien",
"Anatolien#German"
],
[
"Asia",
"Asia#English"
],
[
"historical",
"historical"
],
[
"Turkish",
"Turkish"
],
[
"context",
"context"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Synonym of Anatolien, a region of southwestern Asia, in historical Turkish contexts."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "a region of southwestern Asia, in historical Turkish contexts",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "Anatolien"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"neuter",
"proper-noun",
"strong"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German terms with historical senses",
"de:Historical polities"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of Byzanz, a former polity in Europe and Asia, in historical Turkish contexts."
],
"links": [
[
"Byzanz",
"Byzanz#German"
],
[
"polity",
"polity"
],
[
"Europe",
"Europe#English"
],
[
"Asia",
"Asia#English"
],
[
"historical",
"historical"
],
[
"Turkish",
"Turkish"
],
[
"context",
"context"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Synonym of Byzanz, a former polity in Europe and Asia, in historical Turkish contexts."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "a former polity in Europe and Asia, in historical Turkish contexts",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "Byzanz"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"neuter",
"proper-noun",
"strong"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ruːm/"
},
{
"homophone": "Ruhm"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Rūm"
},
{
"word": "Rûm"
}
],
"word": "Rum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"tr:Nationalities"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Rumi"
},
{
"word": "Rumawi"
},
{
"word": "Laut Rum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "fa",
"3": "روم"
},
"expansion": "Persian روم",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "ar",
"3": "روم",
"tr": "Rūm"
},
"expansion": "Arabic روم (Rūm)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬",
"tr": "Hrom"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "grc",
"3": "Ῥώμη"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "la",
"3": "Roma",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome"
},
"expansion": "Latin Roma (“Rome”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowing from Persian روم or Arabic روم (Rūm), from Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom), from Ancient Greek Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē), from Latin Roma (“Rome”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "روم",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "روم"
},
"expansion": "Rum (Jawi spelling روم)",
"name": "ms-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay proper nouns",
"Malay terms borrowed from Arabic",
"Malay terms borrowed from Persian",
"Malay terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Malay terms derived from Arabic",
"Malay terms derived from Latin",
"Malay terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Malay terms derived from Persian",
"Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ms:Cities in Italy",
"ms:National capitals",
"ms:Places in Italy",
"ms:Rome"
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (the capital of Italy)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"capital",
"capital"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "Rum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"tr:Nationalities"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rhg",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "Rum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Rohingya",
"lang_code": "rhg",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rohingya entries with incorrect language header",
"Rohingya lemmas",
"Rohingya proper nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Rome"
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome"
]
]
}
],
"word": "Rum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"Swahili lemmas",
"Swahili proper nouns",
"Swahili terms borrowed from Ottoman Turkish",
"Swahili terms derived from Arabic",
"Swahili terms derived from Byzantine Greek",
"Swahili terms derived from Latin",
"Swahili terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Swahili terms derived from Old Anatolian Turkish",
"Swahili terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"tr:Nationalities"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Bahari ya Rum"
},
{
"word": "sultani Rum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "ota",
"3": "روم",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia",
"tr": "Rum"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish روم (Rum, “Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "trk-oat",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "ar",
"3": "رُوم",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome; Byzantine Empire",
"tr": "Rūm"
},
"expansion": "Arabic رُوم (Rūm, “Rome; Byzantine Empire”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬",
"tr": "Hrom"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "gkm",
"3": "Ῥωμανία",
"4": "",
"5": "Byzantine Empire"
},
"expansion": "Byzantine Greek Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía, “Byzantine Empire”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "la",
"3": "Romanus",
"4": "Romani",
"5": "Romans"
},
"expansion": "Latin Romani (“Romans”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish روم (Rum, “Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia”), from Seljuk Old Anatolian Turkish and Arabic رُوم (Rūm, “Rome; Byzantine Empire”), from Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom), from Byzantine Greek Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía, “Byzantine Empire”), from Latin Romani (“Romans”), from Roma (“Rome”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "Rum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "rumi"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swahili terms with archaic senses",
"sw:Countries",
"sw:Countries in Asia",
"sw:Countries in Europe",
"sw:Turkey"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of Uturuki: Turkey (a country in Europe and Asia)"
],
"links": [
[
"Uturuki",
"Uturuki#Swahili"
],
[
"Turkey",
"Turkey#English"
],
[
"Europe",
"Europe#English"
],
[
"Asia",
"Asia#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Synonym of Uturuki: Turkey (a country in Europe and Asia)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "Turkey (a country in Europe and Asia)",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "Uturuki"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Swahili terms with archaic senses",
"Swahili terms with historical senses",
"sw:Historical polities"
],
"glosses": [
"Ottoman Empire (a former polity in Europe, Asia and Africa)"
],
"links": [
[
"Ottoman Empire",
"Ottoman Empire#English"
],
[
"polity",
"polity"
],
[
"Europe",
"Europe#English"
],
[
"Asia",
"Asia#English"
],
[
"Africa",
"Africa#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, historical) Ottoman Empire (a former polity in Europe, Asia and Africa)"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"historical"
]
}
],
"word": "Rum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Turkish adjectives",
"Turkish doublets",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish lemmas",
"Turkish proper nouns",
"Turkish terms derived from Arabic",
"Turkish terms derived from Byzantine Greek",
"Turkish terms derived from Latin",
"Turkish terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Turkish terms derived from Old Anatolian Turkish",
"Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish",
"Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms with unknown etymologies",
"tr:Nationalities"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "روم",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia",
"tr": "Rum"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish روم (Rum, “Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "trk-oat",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ar",
"3": "رُوم",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome; Byzantine Empire",
"tr": "Rūm"
},
"expansion": "Arabic رُوم (Rūm, “Rome; Byzantine Empire”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬",
"tr": "Hrom"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "gkm",
"3": "Ῥώμη",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome"
},
"expansion": "Byzantine Greek Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē, “Rome”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "la",
"3": "Romanus",
"4": "Romani",
"5": "Romans"
},
"expansion": "Latin Romani (“Romans”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Roma",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish روم (Rum, “Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia”), from Seljuk Old Anatolian Turkish and Arabic رُوم (Rūm, “Rome; Byzantine Empire”), from Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom), from Byzantine Greek Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē, “Rome”) and Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía, “Byzantine Empire”), from Latin Romani (“Romans”), from Roma (“Rome”) of uncertain origin. Doublet of Roma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'lar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'ları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumlara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'lara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'da",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumlarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'larda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'dan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumlardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'lardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'ların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-poss-prop-c-ou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'um",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumlarım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'larım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'ların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'ları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'umuz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumlarımız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'larımız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'unuz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumlarınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'larınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Rum'ları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "proper noun",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "Rum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Rum",
"name": "tr-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A Greek person living in Muslim countries, especially in Turkey (now chiefly in Istanbul, Izmir, Thrace and Pontus) and Cyprus."
],
"links": [
[
"Greek",
"Greek"
],
[
"Turkey",
"Turkey"
],
[
"now",
"now"
],
[
"chiefly",
"chiefly"
],
[
"Istanbul",
"Istanbul"
],
[
"Izmir",
"Izmir"
],
[
"Thrace",
"Thrace"
],
[
"Pontus",
"Pontus"
],
[
"Cyprus",
"Cyprus"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Turkish dated terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Any Greek person"
],
"links": [
[
"Greek",
"Greek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) Any Greek person"
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Turkish terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Byzantine, a native of Byzantine Empire"
],
"links": [
[
"Byzantine",
"Byzantine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Byzantine, a native of Byzantine Empire"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Turkish terms with archaic senses",
"Turkish terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"The former lands of the Byzantine Empire, particularly central Anatolia"
],
"links": [
[
"former",
"former"
],
[
"land",
"land"
],
[
"Byzantine Empire",
"Byzantine Empire"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"central",
"central"
],
[
"Anatolia",
"Anatolia"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, historical) The former lands of the Byzantine Empire, particularly central Anatolia"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"historical"
]
}
],
"word": "Rum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Turkish adjectives",
"Turkish doublets",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish lemmas",
"Turkish proper nouns",
"Turkish terms derived from Arabic",
"Turkish terms derived from Byzantine Greek",
"Turkish terms derived from Latin",
"Turkish terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Turkish terms derived from Old Anatolian Turkish",
"Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish",
"Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms with unknown etymologies",
"tr:Nationalities"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "روم",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia",
"tr": "Rum"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish روم (Rum, “Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "trk-oat",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ar",
"3": "رُوم",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome; Byzantine Empire",
"tr": "Rūm"
},
"expansion": "Arabic رُوم (Rūm, “Rome; Byzantine Empire”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬",
"tr": "Hrom"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "gkm",
"3": "Ῥώμη",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome"
},
"expansion": "Byzantine Greek Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē, “Rome”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "la",
"3": "Romanus",
"4": "Romani",
"5": "Romans"
},
"expansion": "Latin Romani (“Romans”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "Roma"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Roma",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish روم (Rum, “Rome; Byzantine Empire; central Anatolia”), from Seljuk Old Anatolian Turkish and Arabic رُوم (Rūm, “Rome; Byzantine Empire”), from Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom), from Byzantine Greek Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē, “Rome”) and Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía, “Byzantine Empire”), from Latin Romani (“Romans”), from Roma (“Rome”) of uncertain origin. Doublet of Roma.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "uncomparable"
},
"expansion": "Rum (uncomparable)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "palikarya"
},
{
"word": "Rumca"
},
{
"word": "Yunan"
},
{
"word": "Yunanca"
},
{
"word": "Yunanistan"
},
{
"word": "Yunanistanlı"
},
{
"word": "Yunanlı"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Turkish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the old Greek houses",
"text": "eski Rum evleri",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Turco-Greek, of or related to the Rumlar, ethnic Greeks living in Turkey and Cyprus"
],
"links": [
[
"Turco-Greek",
"Turco-Greek"
],
[
"related",
"related"
],
[
"Rumlar",
"Rumlar"
],
[
"ethnic",
"ethnic"
],
[
"Greek",
"Greek"
],
[
"living",
"living"
],
[
"Turkey",
"Turkey"
],
[
"Cyprus",
"Cyprus"
]
]
}
],
"word": "Rum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Rum meaning in All languages combined (29.2kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: uncomparable",
"path": [
"Rum"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "Rum",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.