"寒冷" meaning in All languages combined

See 寒冷 on Wiktionary

Adjective [Chinese]

IPA: /xän³⁵ lɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /hɔːn²¹ laːŋ¹³/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /hon¹¹ laŋ²⁴/ [Hakka, Sinological-IPA], /han²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ⁵³/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /han²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /han¹³⁻²² liɪŋ⁵³/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /han²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪŋ⁵³/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /han²³⁻³³ liɪŋ⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /haŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ nẽ⁵²/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /xän³⁵ lɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/, /hɔːn²¹ laːŋ¹³/, /hon¹¹ laŋ²⁴/, /han²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ⁵³/, /han²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/, /han¹³⁻²² liɪŋ⁵³/, /han²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪŋ⁵³/, /han²³⁻³³ liɪŋ⁴¹/, /haŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ nẽ⁵²/ Chinese transliterations: hánlěng [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄏㄢˊ ㄌㄥˇ [Mandarin, bopomofo], hon⁴ laang⁵ [Cantonese, Jyutping], hòn-lâng [Hakka, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], hân-léng [Hokkien, POJ], hang⁵ nên² [Peng'im, Teochew], hánlěng [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], hánlěng [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], han²-lêng³ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], hán-lěng [Mandarin, Yale], harnleeng [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], ханьлэн [Mandarin, Palladius], xanʹlɛn [Mandarin, Palladius], hòhn láahng [Cantonese, Yale], hon⁴ laang⁵ [Cantonese, Pinyin], hon⁴ lang⁵ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], hòn-lâng [Hakka, Phak-fa-su], hon^ˇ lang^ˊ [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System], hon² lang¹ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka], hân-líng [Hokkien, Tai-lo], hanleang [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], hâng néⁿ [POJ, Teochew], han laengX|lengX [Middle-Chinese]
Head templates: {{head|zh|adjective}} 寒冷
  1. (weather) cold; freezing Categories (topical): Temperature, Weather
    Sense id: en-寒冷-zh-adj-lmytVCVI Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Elementary Mandarin, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 78 0 22 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 70 0 30 Topics: climatology, meteorology, natural-sciences, weather Synonyms: [formal, Standard-Chinese], 寒冷 weather [formal, Standard-Chinese], [Beijing], [Taiwan], [Singapore], [Jilu-Mandarin, Jinan], [Muping, Yantai], [Luoyang], [Wanrong], [Xi'an], [Yinchuan], [Southwestern-Mandarin, Chengdu], 凊 very cold [Southwestern-Mandarin, Chengdu], [Southwestern-Mandarin, Wuhan], 冷凊 weather [Southwestern-Mandarin, Wuhan], [Southwestern-Mandarin, Guilin], [Southwestern-Mandarin, Liuzhou], [Southwestern-Mandarin, Liuzhou], [Jianghuai-Mandarin, Yangzhou], [Jianghuai-Mandarin, Hefei], [Cantonese, Guangzhou], [Cantonese, Guangzhou], [Cantonese, Hong-Kong], 冷 weather [Cantonese, Hong-Kong], [Cantonese, Taishan], [Cantonese, Yangjiang], 冷 weather [Cantonese, Yangjiang], [Cantonese, Guangfu, Kuala-Lumpur], [Cantonese, Guangfu, Singapore], [Cantonese, Guangfu], [Gan, Nanchang], [Gan, Lichuan], [Hakka, Meixian], [Hakka, Sixian, Miaoli, Northern], [Hakka, Sixian, Miaoli, Northern], [Hakka, Sixian, Pingtung], 寒人 [Hakka, Sixian, Pingtung], [Hakka, Hsinchu-County], [Hakka, Taichung], [Hakka, Taichung], [Hakka, Hsinchu-County], [Hakka, Yunlin], [Hakka, Yunlin], [Huizhou, Jixi], [Huizhou, Jixi], [Jin, Taiyuan], [Jian'ou], 鎮 very cold [Jian'ou], [Fuzhou], [Fuzhou], [Xiamen], [Xiamen], 寒 weather [Xiamen], [Quanzhou], [Quanzhou], [Quanzhou], , [Zhangzhou], [Zhangzhou], [Zhangzhou], [Zhao'an], [Taipei], [Taipei], [Taipei], [Hokkien, Penang], 寒 weather [Hokkien, Penang], [Hokkien, Penang], [Hokkien, Singapore], 寒 weather [Hokkien, Singapore], [Hokkien, Manila], [Hokkien, Manila], [Hokkien, Manila], [Chaozhou], 寒 weather [Chaozhou], [Chaozhou], , , , [Jieyang], [Jieyang], [Singapore, Teochew], [Wenchang], [Qionghai], [Hainanese, Singapore], 寒 weather [Hainanese, Singapore], [Wu, Shanghai], [Wu, Chongming, Shanghai], [Wu, Suzhou], 凍 weather [Wu, Suzhou], [Wu, Danyang], [Wu, Hangzhou], [Wu, Ningbo], [Wu, Wenzhou], [Wu, Wenzhou], [Wu], [Wu, Jinhua], [Wu], [Xiang, Changsha], 凊 very cold [Xiang, Changsha], [Xiang, Shuangfeng], 凊 very cold [Xiang, Shuangfeng], 凜凜 (lǐnlǐn) [literary], 凛凛 (lǐnlǐn) [literary], 嚴寒 (yánhán), 严寒 (yánhán), 死寒 [Hokkien, Xiamen], 淒寒 (qīhán), 凄寒 (qīhán), 寒冷 weather, Beijing, Taiwan, Singapore, Jinan, Yantai [Muping], Luoyang, Wanrong, Xi'an, Yinchuan, Chengdu, 凊 very cold, Wuhan, 冷凊 weather, Guilin, Liuzhou, Yangzhou, Hefei, Guangzhou, , Hong Kong, 冷 weather, Taishan, Yangjiang, Kuala Lumpur [Guangfu], Singapore [Guangfu], Ho Chi Minh City [Guangfu], Nanchang, Lichuan, Meixian, Miaoli (alt: N. Sixian), Pingtung (alt: Neipu; S. Sixian), 寒人, Hsinchu County [Hailu, Zhudong], Taichung [Dabu, Dongshi], Hsinchu County [Qionglin, Raoping], Yunlin [Lunbei, Zhao'an], Jixi, Taiyuan, Jian'ou, 鎮 very cold, Fuzhou, Xiamen, 寒 weather, Quanzhou, Shishi, Zhangzhou, Zhao'an, Dongshan, Taipei, Penang [Hokkien], Singapore [Hokkien], Manila [Hokkien], Chaozhou, Shantou, Shantou (alt: Chenghai), Shantou (alt: Chaoyang), Jieyang, Singapore [Teochew], Wenchang, Qionghai, Singapore [Hainanese], Shanghai, Shanghai [Chongming], Suzhou, 凍 weather, Danyang, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Wenzhou, Lishui, Jinhua, Yushan, Changsha, Shuangfeng

Adjective [Japanese]

Head templates: {{ja-adj|かんれい|infl=na}} 寒(かん)冷(れい) • (kanrei) -na (adnominal 寒(かん)冷(れい)な (kanrei na), adverbial 寒(かん)冷(れい)に (kanrei ni)) Inflection templates: {{ja-adj-infl|adverbial=. に|attributive=. な|conditional=. なら(ば)|conjunctive=. で|continuative=. で|degree=さ|formal=. です|formal_negative=. で は ありません|formal_negative2=. じゃ ありません|formal_negative_past=. で は ありません でした|formal_negative_past2=. じゃ ありません でした|formal_past=. でした|hypothetical=. なら|imperative=. で あれ|imperfective=. だろ|informal_negative=. で は ない|informal_negative2=. じゃ ない|informal_negative_past=. で は なかった|informal_negative_past2=. じゃ なかった|informal_past=. だった|kana=かんれい|lemma=寒冷|provisional=. だったら|terminal=. だ|volitional=. だろう}} Forms: 寒冷 [canonical] (ruby: (かん), (れい)), kanrei [romanization], 寒冷な [adnominal] (ruby: (かん), (れい)), 寒冷に [adverbial] (ruby: (かん), (れい)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 寒冷だろ [imperfective, stem], かんれいだろ [imperfective, stem], kanrei daro [imperfective], 寒冷で [continuative, stem], かんれいで [continuative, stem], kanrei de [continuative], 寒冷だ [stem, terminative], かんれいだ [stem, terminative], kanrei da [terminative], 寒冷な [attributive, stem], かんれいな [attributive, stem], kanrei na [attributive], 寒冷なら [hypothetical, stem], かんれいなら [hypothetical, stem], kanrei nara [hypothetical], 寒冷であれ [imperative, stem], かんれいであれ [imperative, stem], kanrei de are [imperative], 寒冷ではない [informal, negative], 寒冷じゃない [informal, negative], かんれいではない [informal, negative], かんれいじゃない [informal, negative], kanrei de wa nai [informal, negative], kanrei ja nai [informal, negative], 寒冷だった [informal, past], かんれいだった [informal, past], kanrei datta [informal, past], 寒冷ではなかった [informal, negative, past], 寒冷じゃなかった [informal, negative, past], かんれいではなかった [informal, negative, past], かんれいじゃなかった [informal, negative, past], kanrei de wa nakatta [informal, negative, past], kanrei ja nakatta [informal, negative, past], 寒冷です [formal], かんれいです [formal], kanrei desu [formal], 寒冷ではありません [formal, negative], 寒冷じゃありません [formal, negative], かんれいではありません [formal, negative], かんれいじゃありません [formal, negative], kanrei de wa arimasen [formal, negative], kanrei ja arimasen [formal, negative], 寒冷でした [formal, past], かんれいでした [formal, past], kanrei deshita [formal, past], 寒冷ではありませんでした [formal, negative, past], 寒冷じゃありませんでした [formal, negative, past], かんれいではありませんでした [formal, negative, past], かんれいじゃありませんでした [formal, negative, past], kanrei de wa arimasen deshita [formal, negative, past], kanrei ja arimasen deshita [formal, negative, past], 寒冷で [conjunctive], かんれいで [conjunctive], kanrei de [conjunctive], 寒冷なら(ば) [conditional], かんれいなら(ば) [conditional], kanrei nara (ba) [conditional], 寒冷だったら [conditional, past], かんれいだったら [conditional, past], kanrei dattara [conditional, past], 寒冷だろう [volitional], かんれいだろう [volitional], kanrei darō [volitional], 寒冷に [adverbial], かんれいに [adverbial], kanrei ni [adverbial], 寒冷さ [noun-from-adj], かんれいさ [noun-from-adj], kanreisa [noun-from-adj]
  1. cold
    Sense id: en-寒冷-ja-adj-4nLe7N5y

Noun [Japanese]

Forms: 寒冷 [canonical] (ruby: (かん), (れい)), kanrei [romanization]
Head templates: {{ja-noun|かんれい}} 寒(かん)冷(れい) • (kanrei)
  1. chill, chilliness
    Sense id: en-寒冷-ja-noun-JJ-Ft1P7 Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 1 99 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 2 98 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 0 100 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 2 98
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "kùshǔ",
      "word": "酷暑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yánrè",
      "word": "炎熱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yánrè",
      "word": "炎热"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "寒冷"
          },
          "expansion": "寒冷",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "寒冷",
            "2": "かんれい",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "寒冷(かんれい) (kanrei)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "한랭(寒冷)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "id": "寒冷",
            "id2": "",
            "id3": "",
            "id4": "",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 한랭(寒冷) (hallaeng)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "寒冷",
            "2": "かんれい",
            "3": "한랭",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "寒冷",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "寒冷",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "寒冷",
            "v": "寒冷",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (寒冷):\n* → Japanese: 寒冷(かんれい) (kanrei)\n* → Korean: 한랭(寒冷) (hallaeng)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "かんれい",
            "3": "한랭"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (寒冷):\n* → Japanese: 寒冷(かんれい) (kanrei)\n* → Korean: 한랭(寒冷) (hallaeng)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (寒冷):\n* → Japanese: 寒冷(かんれい) (kanrei)\n* → Korean: 한랭(寒冷) (hallaeng)"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "寒冷",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Elementary Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Temperature",
          "orig": "zh:Temperature",
          "parents": [
            "Nature",
            "Weather",
            "All topics",
            "Atmosphere",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Weather",
          "orig": "zh:Weather",
          "parents": [
            "Atmosphere",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "78 0 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "70 0 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "It's freezing outside, everyone huddle together to keep warm.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "Shìwài fēicháng hánlěng, dàjiā dōu bǎ shēntǐ quánsuō qǐlai bǎonuǎn.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "室外非常寒冷,大家都把身體蜷縮起來保暖。",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "It's freezing outside, everyone huddle together to keep warm.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "Shìwài fēicháng hánlěng, dàjiā dōu bǎ shēntǐ quánsuō qǐlai bǎonuǎn.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "室外非常寒冷,大家都把身体蜷缩起来保暖。",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cold; freezing"
      ],
      "id": "en-寒冷-zh-adj-lmytVCVI",
      "links": [
        [
          "cold",
          "cold"
        ],
        [
          "freezing",
          "freezing"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(weather) cold; freezing"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "formal",
            "Standard-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "formal",
            "Standard-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "寒冷 weather"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Beijing"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Taiwan"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Singapore"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Jilu-Mandarin",
            "Jinan"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Muping",
            "Yantai"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Luoyang"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wanrong"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Xi'an"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Yinchuan"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Southwestern-Mandarin",
            "Chengdu"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Southwestern-Mandarin",
            "Chengdu"
          ],
          "word": "凊 very cold"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Southwestern-Mandarin",
            "Wuhan"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Southwestern-Mandarin",
            "Wuhan"
          ],
          "word": "冷凊 weather"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Southwestern-Mandarin",
            "Guilin"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Southwestern-Mandarin",
            "Liuzhou"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Southwestern-Mandarin",
            "Liuzhou"
          ],
          "word": "凊"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Jianghuai-Mandarin",
            "Yangzhou"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Jianghuai-Mandarin",
            "Hefei"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Guangzhou"
          ],
          "word": "凍"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Guangzhou"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Hong-Kong"
          ],
          "word": "凍"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Hong-Kong"
          ],
          "word": "冷 weather"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Taishan"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Yangjiang"
          ],
          "word": "凍"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Yangjiang"
          ],
          "word": "冷 weather"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Guangfu",
            "Kuala-Lumpur"
          ],
          "word": "凍"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Guangfu",
            "Singapore"
          ],
          "word": "凍"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Guangfu"
          ],
          "word": "凍"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Gan",
            "Nanchang"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Gan",
            "Lichuan"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Meixian"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Sixian",
            "Miaoli",
            "Northern"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Sixian",
            "Miaoli",
            "Northern"
          ],
          "word": "寒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Sixian",
            "Pingtung"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Sixian",
            "Pingtung"
          ],
          "word": "寒人"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Hsinchu-County"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Taichung"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Taichung"
          ],
          "word": "寒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Hsinchu-County"
          ],
          "word": "寒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Yunlin"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Yunlin"
          ],
          "word": "寒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Huizhou",
            "Jixi"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Huizhou",
            "Jixi"
          ],
          "word": "凍"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Jin",
            "Taiyuan"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Jian'ou"
          ],
          "word": "凊"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Jian'ou"
          ],
          "word": "鎮 very cold"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Fuzhou"
          ],
          "word": "凊"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Fuzhou"
          ],
          "word": "凍"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Xiamen"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Xiamen"
          ],
          "word": "凊"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Xiamen"
          ],
          "word": "寒 weather"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Quanzhou"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Quanzhou"
          ],
          "word": "凊"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Quanzhou"
          ],
          "word": "寒"
        },
        {
          "word": "寒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Zhangzhou"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Zhangzhou"
          ],
          "word": "凊"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Zhangzhou"
          ],
          "word": "寒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Zhao'an"
          ],
          "word": "寒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Taipei"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Taipei"
          ],
          "word": "凊"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Taipei"
          ],
          "word": "寒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Penang"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Penang"
          ],
          "word": "寒 weather"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Penang"
          ],
          "word": "凊"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Singapore"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Singapore"
          ],
          "word": "寒 weather"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Manila"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Manila"
          ],
          "word": "寒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Manila"
          ],
          "word": "凊"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Chaozhou"
          ],
          "word": "凝"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Chaozhou"
          ],
          "word": "寒 weather"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Chaozhou"
          ],
          "word": "凊"
        },
        {
          "word": "凝"
        },
        {
          "word": "凊"
        },
        {
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Jieyang"
          ],
          "word": "凝"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Jieyang"
          ],
          "word": "凊"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Singapore",
            "Teochew"
          ],
          "word": "凝"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wenchang"
          ],
          "word": "寒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Qionghai"
          ],
          "word": "寒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hainanese",
            "Singapore"
          ],
          "word": "凊"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hainanese",
            "Singapore"
          ],
          "word": "寒 weather"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Shanghai"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Chongming",
            "Shanghai"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Suzhou"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Suzhou"
          ],
          "word": "凍 weather"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Danyang"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Hangzhou"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Ningbo"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Wenzhou"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Wenzhou"
          ],
          "word": "凍"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Jinhua"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu"
          ],
          "word": "凊"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Xiang",
            "Changsha"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Xiang",
            "Changsha"
          ],
          "word": "凊 very cold"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Xiang",
            "Shuangfeng"
          ],
          "word": "冷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Xiang",
            "Shuangfeng"
          ],
          "word": "凊 very cold"
        },
        {
          "roman": "lǐnlǐn",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "凜凜"
        },
        {
          "roman": "lǐnlǐn",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "凛凛"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yánhán",
          "word": "嚴寒"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yánhán",
          "word": "严寒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Xiamen"
          ],
          "word": "死寒"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qīhán",
          "word": "淒寒"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qīhán",
          "word": "凄寒"
        },
        {
          "word": "寒冷 weather"
        },
        {
          "word": "Beijing"
        },
        {
          "word": "Taiwan"
        },
        {
          "word": "Singapore"
        },
        {
          "word": "Jinan"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Muping"
          ],
          "word": "Yantai"
        },
        {
          "word": "Luoyang"
        },
        {
          "word": "Wanrong"
        },
        {
          "word": "Xi'an"
        },
        {
          "word": "Yinchuan"
        },
        {
          "word": "Chengdu"
        },
        {
          "word": "凊 very cold"
        },
        {
          "word": "Wuhan"
        },
        {
          "word": "冷凊 weather"
        },
        {
          "word": "Guilin"
        },
        {
          "word": "Liuzhou"
        },
        {
          "word": "Yangzhou"
        },
        {
          "word": "Hefei"
        },
        {
          "word": "Guangzhou"
        },
        {
          "word": "凍"
        },
        {
          "word": "Hong Kong"
        },
        {
          "word": "冷 weather"
        },
        {
          "word": "Taishan"
        },
        {
          "word": "Yangjiang"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Guangfu"
          ],
          "word": "Kuala Lumpur"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Guangfu"
          ],
          "word": "Singapore"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Guangfu"
          ],
          "word": "Ho Chi Minh City"
        },
        {
          "word": "Nanchang"
        },
        {
          "word": "Lichuan"
        },
        {
          "word": "Meixian"
        },
        {
          "alt": "N. Sixian",
          "word": "Miaoli"
        },
        {
          "alt": "Neipu; S. Sixian",
          "word": "Pingtung"
        },
        {
          "word": "寒人"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hailu",
            "Zhudong"
          ],
          "word": "Hsinchu County"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Dabu",
            "Dongshi"
          ],
          "word": "Taichung"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Qionglin",
            "Raoping"
          ],
          "word": "Hsinchu County"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Lunbei",
            "Zhao'an"
          ],
          "word": "Yunlin"
        },
        {
          "word": "Jixi"
        },
        {
          "word": "Taiyuan"
        },
        {
          "word": "Jian'ou"
        },
        {
          "word": "鎮 very cold"
        },
        {
          "word": "Fuzhou"
        },
        {
          "word": "Xiamen"
        },
        {
          "word": "寒 weather"
        },
        {
          "word": "Quanzhou"
        },
        {
          "word": "Shishi"
        },
        {
          "word": "Zhangzhou"
        },
        {
          "word": "Zhao'an"
        },
        {
          "word": "Dongshan"
        },
        {
          "word": "Taipei"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "Penang"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "Singapore"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "Manila"
        },
        {
          "word": "Chaozhou"
        },
        {
          "word": "Shantou"
        },
        {
          "alt": "Chenghai",
          "word": "Shantou"
        },
        {
          "alt": "Chaoyang",
          "word": "Shantou"
        },
        {
          "word": "Jieyang"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Teochew"
          ],
          "word": "Singapore"
        },
        {
          "word": "Wenchang"
        },
        {
          "word": "Qionghai"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hainanese"
          ],
          "word": "Singapore"
        },
        {
          "word": "Shanghai"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Chongming"
          ],
          "word": "Shanghai"
        },
        {
          "word": "Suzhou"
        },
        {
          "word": "凍 weather"
        },
        {
          "word": "Danyang"
        },
        {
          "word": "Hangzhou"
        },
        {
          "word": "Ningbo"
        },
        {
          "word": "Wenzhou"
        },
        {
          "word": "Lishui"
        },
        {
          "word": "Jinhua"
        },
        {
          "word": "Yushan"
        },
        {
          "word": "Changsha"
        },
        {
          "word": "Shuangfeng"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "climatology",
        "meteorology",
        "natural-sciences",
        "weather"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hánlěng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄏㄢˊ ㄌㄥˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hon⁴ laang⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hòn-lâng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hân-léng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hang⁵ nên²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hánlěng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hánlěng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "han²-lêng³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hán-lěng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "harnleeng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ханьлэн"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xanʹlɛn"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xän³⁵ lɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hòhn láahng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hon⁴ laang⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hon⁴ lang⁵"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔːn²¹ laːŋ¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hòn-lâng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hon^ˇ lang^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hon² lang¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hon¹¹ laŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hân-líng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hanleang"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/han²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/han²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/han¹³⁻²² liɪŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/han²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/han²³⁻³³ liɪŋ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hâng néⁿ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ nẽ⁵²/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "han laengX|lengX"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xän³⁵ lɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔːn²¹ laːŋ¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hon¹¹ laŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/han²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/han²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/han¹³⁻²² liɪŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/han²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/han²³⁻³³ liɪŋ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ nẽ⁵²/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "寒冷"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "寒冷",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "寒",
          "かん"
        ],
        [
          "冷",
          "れい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷な",
      "roman": "kanrei na",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "寒",
          "かん"
        ],
        [
          "冷",
          "れい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adnominal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷に",
      "roman": "kanrei ni",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "寒",
          "かん"
        ],
        [
          "冷",
          "れい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-na",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷だろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいだろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei daro",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷で",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいで",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei de",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷だ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいだ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei da",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷な",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいな",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei na",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷なら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいなら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei nara",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷であれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいであれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei de are",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷ではない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷じゃない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいではない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいじゃない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei de wa nai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei ja nai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷だった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいだった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei datta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷ではなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷じゃなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいではなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいじゃなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei de wa nakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei ja nakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷です",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷ではありません",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷じゃありません",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいではありません",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいじゃありません",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei de wa arimasen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei ja arimasen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷でした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei deshita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷ではありませんでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷じゃありませんでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいではありませんでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいじゃありませんでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei de wa arimasen deshita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei ja arimasen deshita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷で",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいで",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei de",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷なら(ば)",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいなら(ば)",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei nara (ba)",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷だったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいだったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei dattara",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷だろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいだろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei darō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷に",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいに",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei ni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷さ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいさ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanreisa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "かんれい",
        "infl": "na"
      },
      "expansion": "寒(かん)冷(れい) • (kanrei) -na (adnominal 寒(かん)冷(れい)な (kanrei na), adverbial 寒(かん)冷(れい)に (kanrei ni))",
      "name": "ja-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "adverbial": ". に",
        "attributive": ". な",
        "conditional": ". なら(ば)",
        "conjunctive": ". で",
        "continuative": ". で",
        "degree": "さ",
        "formal": ". です",
        "formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
        "formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
        "formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
        "formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
        "formal_past": ". でした",
        "hypothetical": ". なら",
        "imperative": ". で あれ",
        "imperfective": ". だろ",
        "informal_negative": ". で は ない",
        "informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
        "informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
        "informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
        "informal_past": ". だった",
        "kana": "かんれい",
        "lemma": "寒冷",
        "provisional": ". だったら",
        "terminal": ". だ",
        "volitional": ". だろう"
      },
      "name": "ja-adj-infl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The surface is cold but the inside is always warm, you see.",
          "ref": "1948, 海野十三, 三十年後の世界",
          "roman": "Hyōmen wa kanrei demo naka wa zutto atatakai kara ne.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "表面",
              "ひょうめん"
            ],
            [
              "寒冷",
              "かんれい"
            ],
            [
              "中",
              "なか"
            ],
            [
              "暖",
              "あたた"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "表面は寒冷でも中はずっと暖かいからね。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cold"
      ],
      "id": "en-寒冷-ja-adj-4nLe7N5y",
      "links": [
        [
          "cold",
          "cold"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "寒冷"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "寒冷",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "寒",
          "かん"
        ],
        [
          "冷",
          "れい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "かんれい"
      },
      "expansion": "寒(かん)冷(れい) • (kanrei)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "1 99",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 98",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 98",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "chill, chilliness"
      ],
      "id": "en-寒冷-ja-noun-JJ-Ft1P7",
      "links": [
        [
          "chill",
          "chill"
        ],
        [
          "chilliness",
          "chilliness"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "寒冷"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "kùshǔ",
      "word": "酷暑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yánrè",
      "word": "炎熱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yánrè",
      "word": "炎热"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "寒冷"
          },
          "expansion": "寒冷",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "寒冷",
            "2": "かんれい",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "寒冷(かんれい) (kanrei)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "한랭(寒冷)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "id": "寒冷",
            "id2": "",
            "id3": "",
            "id4": "",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 한랭(寒冷) (hallaeng)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "寒冷",
            "2": "かんれい",
            "3": "한랭",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "寒冷",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "寒冷",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "寒冷",
            "v": "寒冷",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (寒冷):\n* → Japanese: 寒冷(かんれい) (kanrei)\n* → Korean: 한랭(寒冷) (hallaeng)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "かんれい",
            "3": "한랭"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (寒冷):\n* → Japanese: 寒冷(かんれい) (kanrei)\n* → Korean: 한랭(寒冷) (hallaeng)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (寒冷):\n* → Japanese: 寒冷(かんれい) (kanrei)\n* → Korean: 한랭(寒冷) (hallaeng)"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "寒冷",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese adjectives",
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Chinese adjectives",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 冷",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 寒",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Elementary Mandarin",
        "Hakka adjectives",
        "Hakka lemmas",
        "Hokkien adjectives",
        "Hokkien lemmas",
        "Mandarin adjectives",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples",
        "Middle Chinese adjectives",
        "Middle Chinese lemmas",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Teochew adjectives",
        "Teochew lemmas",
        "zh:Temperature",
        "zh:Weather"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "It's freezing outside, everyone huddle together to keep warm.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "Shìwài fēicháng hánlěng, dàjiā dōu bǎ shēntǐ quánsuō qǐlai bǎonuǎn.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "室外非常寒冷,大家都把身體蜷縮起來保暖。",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "It's freezing outside, everyone huddle together to keep warm.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "Shìwài fēicháng hánlěng, dàjiā dōu bǎ shēntǐ quánsuō qǐlai bǎonuǎn.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "室外非常寒冷,大家都把身体蜷缩起来保暖。",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cold; freezing"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cold",
          "cold"
        ],
        [
          "freezing",
          "freezing"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(weather) cold; freezing"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "climatology",
        "meteorology",
        "natural-sciences",
        "weather"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hánlěng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄏㄢˊ ㄌㄥˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hon⁴ laang⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hòn-lâng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hân-léng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hang⁵ nên²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hánlěng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hánlěng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "han²-lêng³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hán-lěng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "harnleeng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ханьлэн"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xanʹlɛn"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xän³⁵ lɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hòhn láahng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hon⁴ laang⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hon⁴ lang⁵"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔːn²¹ laːŋ¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hòn-lâng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hon^ˇ lang^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hon² lang¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hon¹¹ laŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hân-líng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hanleang"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/han²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/han²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/han¹³⁻²² liɪŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/han²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/han²³⁻³³ liɪŋ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hâng néⁿ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ nẽ⁵²/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "han laengX|lengX"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xän³⁵ lɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔːn²¹ laːŋ¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hon¹¹ laŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/han²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/han²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/han¹³⁻²² liɪŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/han²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/han²³⁻³³ liɪŋ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ nẽ⁵²/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "寒冷 weather"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Beijing"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Taiwan"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Singapore"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jilu-Mandarin",
        "Jinan"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Muping",
        "Yantai"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Luoyang"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wanrong"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xi'an"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Yinchuan"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Southwestern-Mandarin",
        "Chengdu"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Southwestern-Mandarin",
        "Chengdu"
      ],
      "word": "凊 very cold"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Southwestern-Mandarin",
        "Wuhan"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Southwestern-Mandarin",
        "Wuhan"
      ],
      "word": "冷凊 weather"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Southwestern-Mandarin",
        "Guilin"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Southwestern-Mandarin",
        "Liuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Southwestern-Mandarin",
        "Liuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "凊"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jianghuai-Mandarin",
        "Yangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jianghuai-Mandarin",
        "Hefei"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "凍"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "word": "凍"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "word": "冷 weather"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yangjiang"
      ],
      "word": "凍"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yangjiang"
      ],
      "word": "冷 weather"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangfu",
        "Kuala-Lumpur"
      ],
      "word": "凍"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangfu",
        "Singapore"
      ],
      "word": "凍"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangfu"
      ],
      "word": "凍"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Lichuan"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Northern"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Northern"
      ],
      "word": "寒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Pingtung"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Pingtung"
      ],
      "word": "寒人"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hsinchu-County"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Taichung"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Taichung"
      ],
      "word": "寒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hsinchu-County"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hsinchu-County"
      ],
      "word": "寒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Yunlin"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Yunlin"
      ],
      "word": "寒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Huizhou",
        "Jixi"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Huizhou",
        "Jixi"
      ],
      "word": "凍"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou"
      ],
      "word": "凊"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou"
      ],
      "word": "鎮 very cold"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "凊"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "凍"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "凊"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "寒 weather"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "凊"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "寒"
    },
    {
      "word": "寒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Zhangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Zhangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "凊"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Zhangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "寒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Zhao'an"
      ],
      "word": "寒"
    },
    {
      "word": "寒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Taipei"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Taipei"
      ],
      "word": "凊"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Taipei"
      ],
      "word": "寒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Penang"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Penang"
      ],
      "word": "寒 weather"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Penang"
      ],
      "word": "凊"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Singapore"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Singapore"
      ],
      "word": "寒 weather"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Manila"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Manila"
      ],
      "word": "寒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Manila"
      ],
      "word": "凊"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Chaozhou"
      ],
      "word": "凝"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Chaozhou"
      ],
      "word": "寒 weather"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Chaozhou"
      ],
      "word": "凊"
    },
    {
      "word": "凝"
    },
    {
      "word": "寒"
    },
    {
      "word": "凊"
    },
    {
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "word": "凝"
    },
    {
      "word": "凊"
    },
    {
      "word": "凝"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jieyang"
      ],
      "word": "凝"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jieyang"
      ],
      "word": "凊"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Singapore",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "word": "凝"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wenchang"
      ],
      "word": "寒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Qionghai"
      ],
      "word": "寒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hainanese",
        "Singapore"
      ],
      "word": "凊"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hainanese",
        "Singapore"
      ],
      "word": "寒 weather"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Chongming",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Suzhou"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Suzhou"
      ],
      "word": "凍 weather"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Danyang"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Hangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Ningbo"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Wenzhou"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Wenzhou"
      ],
      "word": "凍"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Jinhua"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "word": "凊"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha"
      ],
      "word": "凊 very cold"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Shuangfeng"
      ],
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Shuangfeng"
      ],
      "word": "凊 very cold"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǐnlǐn",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凜凜"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǐnlǐn",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "凛凛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yánhán",
      "word": "嚴寒"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yánhán",
      "word": "严寒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "死寒"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīhán",
      "word": "淒寒"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīhán",
      "word": "凄寒"
    },
    {
      "word": "冷"
    },
    {
      "word": "寒冷 weather"
    },
    {
      "word": "Beijing"
    },
    {
      "word": "Taiwan"
    },
    {
      "word": "Singapore"
    },
    {
      "word": "Jinan"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Muping"
      ],
      "word": "Yantai"
    },
    {
      "word": "Luoyang"
    },
    {
      "word": "Wanrong"
    },
    {
      "word": "Xi'an"
    },
    {
      "word": "Yinchuan"
    },
    {
      "word": "Chengdu"
    },
    {
      "word": "凊 very cold"
    },
    {
      "word": "Wuhan"
    },
    {
      "word": "冷凊 weather"
    },
    {
      "word": "Guilin"
    },
    {
      "word": "Liuzhou"
    },
    {
      "word": "凊"
    },
    {
      "word": "Yangzhou"
    },
    {
      "word": "Hefei"
    },
    {
      "word": "Guangzhou"
    },
    {
      "word": "凍"
    },
    {
      "word": "Hong Kong"
    },
    {
      "word": "冷 weather"
    },
    {
      "word": "Taishan"
    },
    {
      "word": "Yangjiang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangfu"
      ],
      "word": "Kuala Lumpur"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangfu"
      ],
      "word": "Singapore"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangfu"
      ],
      "word": "Ho Chi Minh City"
    },
    {
      "word": "Nanchang"
    },
    {
      "word": "Lichuan"
    },
    {
      "word": "Meixian"
    },
    {
      "alt": "N. Sixian",
      "word": "Miaoli"
    },
    {
      "word": "寒"
    },
    {
      "alt": "Neipu; S. Sixian",
      "word": "Pingtung"
    },
    {
      "word": "寒人"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hailu",
        "Zhudong"
      ],
      "word": "Hsinchu County"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Dabu",
        "Dongshi"
      ],
      "word": "Taichung"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Qionglin",
        "Raoping"
      ],
      "word": "Hsinchu County"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Lunbei",
        "Zhao'an"
      ],
      "word": "Yunlin"
    },
    {
      "word": "Jixi"
    },
    {
      "word": "Taiyuan"
    },
    {
      "word": "Jian'ou"
    },
    {
      "word": "鎮 very cold"
    },
    {
      "word": "Fuzhou"
    },
    {
      "word": "Xiamen"
    },
    {
      "word": "寒 weather"
    },
    {
      "word": "Quanzhou"
    },
    {
      "word": "Shishi"
    },
    {
      "word": "Zhangzhou"
    },
    {
      "word": "Zhao'an"
    },
    {
      "word": "Dongshan"
    },
    {
      "word": "Taipei"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "Penang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "Singapore"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "Manila"
    },
    {
      "word": "Chaozhou"
    },
    {
      "word": "凝"
    },
    {
      "word": "Shantou"
    },
    {
      "alt": "Chenghai",
      "word": "Shantou"
    },
    {
      "alt": "Chaoyang",
      "word": "Shantou"
    },
    {
      "word": "Jieyang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "word": "Singapore"
    },
    {
      "word": "Wenchang"
    },
    {
      "word": "Qionghai"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hainanese"
      ],
      "word": "Singapore"
    },
    {
      "word": "Shanghai"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Chongming"
      ],
      "word": "Shanghai"
    },
    {
      "word": "Suzhou"
    },
    {
      "word": "凍 weather"
    },
    {
      "word": "Danyang"
    },
    {
      "word": "Hangzhou"
    },
    {
      "word": "Ningbo"
    },
    {
      "word": "Wenzhou"
    },
    {
      "word": "Lishui"
    },
    {
      "word": "Jinhua"
    },
    {
      "word": "Yushan"
    },
    {
      "word": "Changsha"
    },
    {
      "word": "Shuangfeng"
    }
  ],
  "word": "寒冷"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese adjectives",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese な-na adjectives",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "寒冷",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "寒",
          "かん"
        ],
        [
          "冷",
          "れい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷な",
      "roman": "kanrei na",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "寒",
          "かん"
        ],
        [
          "冷",
          "れい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adnominal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷に",
      "roman": "kanrei ni",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "寒",
          "かん"
        ],
        [
          "冷",
          "れい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-na",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷だろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいだろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei daro",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷で",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいで",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei de",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷だ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいだ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei da",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷な",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいな",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei na",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷なら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいなら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei nara",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷であれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいであれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei de are",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷ではない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷じゃない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいではない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいじゃない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei de wa nai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei ja nai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷だった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいだった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei datta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷ではなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷じゃなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいではなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいじゃなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei de wa nakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei ja nakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷です",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷ではありません",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷じゃありません",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいではありません",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいじゃありません",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei de wa arimasen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei ja arimasen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷でした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei deshita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷ではありませんでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷じゃありませんでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいではありませんでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいじゃありませんでした",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei de wa arimasen deshita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei ja arimasen deshita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷で",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいで",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei de",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷なら(ば)",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいなら(ば)",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei nara (ba)",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷だったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいだったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei dattara",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷だろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいだろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei darō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷に",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいに",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei ni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "寒冷さ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かんれいさ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanreisa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "かんれい",
        "infl": "na"
      },
      "expansion": "寒(かん)冷(れい) • (kanrei) -na (adnominal 寒(かん)冷(れい)な (kanrei na), adverbial 寒(かん)冷(れい)に (kanrei ni))",
      "name": "ja-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "adverbial": ". に",
        "attributive": ". な",
        "conditional": ". なら(ば)",
        "conjunctive": ". で",
        "continuative": ". で",
        "degree": "さ",
        "formal": ". です",
        "formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
        "formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
        "formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
        "formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
        "formal_past": ". でした",
        "hypothetical": ". なら",
        "imperative": ". で あれ",
        "imperfective": ". だろ",
        "informal_negative": ". で は ない",
        "informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
        "informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
        "informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
        "informal_past": ". だった",
        "kana": "かんれい",
        "lemma": "寒冷",
        "provisional": ". だったら",
        "terminal": ". だ",
        "volitional": ". だろう"
      },
      "name": "ja-adj-infl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The surface is cold but the inside is always warm, you see.",
          "ref": "1948, 海野十三, 三十年後の世界",
          "roman": "Hyōmen wa kanrei demo naka wa zutto atatakai kara ne.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "表面",
              "ひょうめん"
            ],
            [
              "寒冷",
              "かんれい"
            ],
            [
              "中",
              "なか"
            ],
            [
              "暖",
              "あたた"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "表面は寒冷でも中はずっと暖かいからね。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cold"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cold",
          "cold"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "寒冷"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese adjectives",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese な-na adjectives",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "寒冷",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "寒",
          "かん"
        ],
        [
          "冷",
          "れい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kanrei",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "かんれい"
      },
      "expansion": "寒(かん)冷(れい) • (kanrei)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "chill, chilliness"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "chill",
          "chill"
        ],
        [
          "chilliness",
          "chilliness"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "寒冷"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 寒冷 meaning in All languages combined (22.5kB)

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "寒冷"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "寒冷",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "寒冷"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "寒冷",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "寒冷"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "寒冷",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)'",
  "path": [
    "寒冷"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "寒冷",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "page/2196",
  "msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E5%AF%92%E5%86%B7'], ['edit']){} >",
  "path": [
    "寒冷"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "寒冷",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "寒冷"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "寒冷",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "寒冷"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "寒冷",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.