See 孤單 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "吳語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "吳語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "官話形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "官話詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "客家語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "客家語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "帶「單」的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "帶「孤」的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有2個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有同音詞的官話詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有國際音標的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有音頻鏈接的官話詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "東干語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "東干語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "泉漳話副詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "泉漳話形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "泉漳話詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語 情緒",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語副詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語水平考試丁級詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "潮州話形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "潮州話詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "粵語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "粵語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "贛語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "贛語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "閩東語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "閩東語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "孤单",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
}
],
"lang": "漢語",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"pos_title": "形容詞",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有引文的官話詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有引文的文言文詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
28,
33
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
11
]
],
"ref": "《南齊書‧孝義傳‧韓靈敏》",
"roman": "Tóng lǐ Chén Ráng, fùmǔ sǐ, gūdān wú qīnqī, dīng shì shōuyǎng zhī.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Classical-Chinese",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "同里陳穰，父母死，孤單無親戚，丁氏收養之。"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
28,
33
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
11
]
],
"ref": "《南齊書‧孝義傳‧韓靈敏》",
"roman": "Tóng lǐ Chén Ráng, fùmǔ sǐ, gūdān wú qīnqī, dīng shì shōuyǎng zhī.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Classical-Chinese",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"text": "同里陈穰，父母死，孤单无亲戚，丁氏收养之。"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
11,
16
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
5
]
],
"ref": "唐·無作《謝武肅王》詩",
"roman": "Yúnhè xìng gūdān, zhēng kān mínglì guān.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Classical-Chinese",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "雲鶴性孤單，爭堪名利關。"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
11,
16
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
5
]
],
"ref": "唐·無作《謝武肅王》詩",
"roman": "Yúnhè xìng gūdān, zhēng kān mínglì guān.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Classical-Chinese",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"text": "云鹤性孤单，争堪名利关。"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
51,
56
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
15
]
],
"ref": "清·李漁《比目魚‧回生》",
"roman": "Nándào nǐ zhōngcháo xiàng bìng, jìng méiyǒu piànkè gūdān?",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Written-vernacular-Chinese",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "難道你終朝相並，竟沒有片刻孤單？"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
51,
56
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
15
]
],
"ref": "清·李漁《比目魚‧回生》",
"roman": "Nándào nǐ zhōngcháo xiàng bìng, jìng méiyǒu piànkè gūdān?",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Written-vernacular-Chinese",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"text": "难道你终朝相并，竟没有片刻孤单？"
}
],
"glosses": [
"孤獨；單身無依靠。"
],
"id": "zh-孤單-zh-adj-tXDKfDT0"
},
{
"glosses": [
"勢力單薄"
],
"id": "zh-孤單-zh-adj-4MsJWzwq"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄍㄨ ㄉㄢ"
},
{
"audio": "Zh-gudan.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/Zh-gudan.ogg/Zh-gudan.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Zh-gudan.ogg",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Dongan",
"Cyrillic",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh_pron": "гўдан (gwdan, II-I)"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh_pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Foochow-Romanized"
],
"zh_pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "ko͘-toaⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "ko͘-tan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "gou¹ duan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai",
"Wugniu"
],
"zh_pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄍㄨ ㄉㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gudan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade–Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "ku¹-tan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "gū-dān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "gudan"
},
{
"roman": "gudanʹ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Cyrillic"
],
"zh_pron": "гудань"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"homophone": "估單",
"raw_tags": [
"同音詞"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "估单",
"raw_tags": [
"同音詞"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "孤單",
"raw_tags": [
"同音詞"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "孤单",
"raw_tags": [
"同音詞"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Dongan",
"Cyrillic",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh_pron": "гўдан (gwdan, II-I)"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹ tæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Dongan",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Yale",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gū dāan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh_pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku⁴² tan⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "gu^ˊ dan^ˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ tan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Fuzhou",
"Foochow-Romanized"
],
"zh_pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Fuzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "ko͘-toaⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"Tâi-lô"
],
"zh_pron": "koo-tuann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "ko'dvoaf"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tũ̯ã³³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tũ̯ã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tũ̯ã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"IPA",
"Taibei",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "ko͘-tan"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Tâi-lô"
],
"zh_pron": "koo-tan"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "ko'dafn"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tan³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tan⁴⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"IPA",
"Taibei",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tan⁴⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "gou¹ duan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "kou tuaⁿ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³⁻²³ tũã³³/",
"tags": [
"Teochew",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wugniu"
],
"zh_pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"MiniDict"
],
"zh_pron": "ku^平 te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ te²¹/",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"IPA"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "孤寂",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "俗"
},
{
"sense": "孤寂",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "孤孑"
},
{
"roman": "gūjí",
"sense": "孤寂",
"word": "孤寂"
},
{
"roman": "gūdú",
"sense": "孤寂",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"word": "孤獨"
},
{
"roman": "gūdú",
"sense": "孤寂",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "孤独"
},
{
"roman": "jìmò",
"sense": "孤寂",
"word": "寂寞"
},
{
"roman": "jìliáo",
"sense": "孤寂",
"word": "寂寥"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"漳州話"
],
"sense": "孤寂",
"word": "挑另"
},
{
"roman": "suǒmò",
"sense": "孤寂",
"tags": [
"literary",
"Min-Dong"
],
"word": "索寞"
},
{
"roman": "luòmò",
"sense": "孤寂",
"word": "落寞"
},
{
"roman": "dānbao",
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"word": "單薄"
},
{
"roman": "dānbao",
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "单薄"
},
{
"roman": "chánruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "孱弱"
},
{
"roman": "ruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"word": "弱"
},
{
"roman": "wēiruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"word": "微弱"
},
{
"sense": "微弱",
"word": "柔弱"
},
{
"roman": "shòuruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"word": "瘦弱"
},
{
"sense": "微弱",
"word": "瘦瘠"
},
{
"roman": "léiruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"word": "羸弱"
},
{
"roman": "cuìruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"word": "脆弱"
},
{
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "荏弱"
},
{
"roman": "bóruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"word": "薄弱"
},
{
"roman": "xūruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"word": "虛弱"
},
{
"roman": "xūruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "虚弱"
},
{
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "虛荏"
},
{
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "虚荏"
},
{
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"word": "虛虧"
},
{
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "虚亏"
},
{
"roman": "kuīruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"word": "虧弱"
},
{
"roman": "kuīruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "亏弱"
},
{
"roman": "shuāiruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"word": "衰弱"
},
{
"roman": "ruǎnruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"word": "軟弱"
},
{
"roman": "ruǎnruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "软弱"
},
{
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "雌"
},
{
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"word": "體弱"
},
{
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "体弱"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "德语",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "einsam"
},
{
"lang": "德语",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Einsamkeit"
},
{
"lang": "英语",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "alone"
},
{
"lang": "英语",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "lonely"
},
{
"lang": "英语",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "friendless"
},
{
"lang": "英语",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "solitary"
},
{
"lang": "西班牙语",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "soledad"
},
{
"lang": "法语",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "solitaire"
},
{
"lang": "法语",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "délaissé"
},
{
"lang": "俄语",
"lang_code": "ru",
"word": "одинокий"
},
{
"lang": "俄语",
"lang_code": "ru",
"word": "уединённый"
},
{
"lang": "俄语",
"lang_code": "ru",
"word": "одиночество"
},
{
"lang": "日语",
"lang_code": "ja",
"word": "単独の"
},
{
"lang": "韩语",
"lang_code": "ko",
"word": "외톨이이다"
},
{
"lang": "韩语",
"lang_code": "ko",
"word": "외롭다"
},
{
"lang": "韩语",
"lang_code": "ko",
"word": "쓸쓸하다"
},
{
"lang": "韩语",
"lang_code": "ko",
"word": "고독하다"
},
{
"lang": "韩语",
"lang_code": "ko",
"word": "외딴몸"
}
],
"word": "孤單"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "吳語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "吳語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "官話形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "官話詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "客家語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "客家語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "帶「單」的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "帶「孤」的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有2個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有同音詞的官話詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有國際音標的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有音頻鏈接的官話詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "東干語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "東干語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "泉漳話副詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "泉漳話形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "泉漳話詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語 情緒",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語副詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語水平考試丁級詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "潮州話形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "潮州話詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "粵語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "粵語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "贛語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "贛語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "閩東語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "閩東語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "孤单",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
}
],
"lang": "漢語",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adv",
"pos_title": "副詞",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "閩南漢語",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"僅僅"
],
"id": "zh-孤單-zh-adv-eP8K4Qe1",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄍㄨ ㄉㄢ"
},
{
"audio": "Zh-gudan.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/Zh-gudan.ogg/Zh-gudan.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Zh-gudan.ogg",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Dongan",
"Cyrillic",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh_pron": "гўдан (gwdan, II-I)"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh_pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Foochow-Romanized"
],
"zh_pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "ko͘-toaⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "ko͘-tan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "gou¹ duan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai",
"Wugniu"
],
"zh_pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄍㄨ ㄉㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gudan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade–Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "ku¹-tan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "gū-dān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "gudan"
},
{
"roman": "gudanʹ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Cyrillic"
],
"zh_pron": "гудань"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"homophone": "估單",
"raw_tags": [
"同音詞"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "估单",
"raw_tags": [
"同音詞"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "孤單",
"raw_tags": [
"同音詞"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "孤单",
"raw_tags": [
"同音詞"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Dongan",
"Cyrillic",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh_pron": "гўдан (gwdan, II-I)"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹ tæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Dongan",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Yale",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gū dāan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh_pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku⁴² tan⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "gu^ˊ dan^ˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ tan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Fuzhou",
"Foochow-Romanized"
],
"zh_pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Fuzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "ko͘-toaⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"Tâi-lô"
],
"zh_pron": "koo-tuann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "ko'dvoaf"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tũ̯ã³³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tũ̯ã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tũ̯ã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"IPA",
"Taibei",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "ko͘-tan"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Tâi-lô"
],
"zh_pron": "koo-tan"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "ko'dafn"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tan³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tan⁴⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"IPA",
"Taibei",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tan⁴⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "gou¹ duan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "kou tuaⁿ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³⁻²³ tũã³³/",
"tags": [
"Teochew",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wugniu"
],
"zh_pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"MiniDict"
],
"zh_pron": "ku^平 te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ te²¹/",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"IPA"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"蘇州話"
],
"roman": "⁷iq-thaeq₇-khuaeq₇-tsy₃",
"word": "一塌括子"
},
{
"roman": "jǐnjǐn",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"word": "僅僅"
},
{
"roman": "jǐnjǐn",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "仅仅"
},
{
"roman": "nâ-sê",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Min-Dong"
],
"word": "儷是"
},
{
"roman": "nâ-sê",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Min-Dong"
],
"word": "俪是"
},
{
"roman": "zéshì",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"archaic"
],
"word": "則是"
},
{
"roman": "zéshì",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"archaic"
],
"word": "则是"
},
{
"word": "只"
},
{
"roman": "zi² hai⁶",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "只係"
},
{
"roman": "zi² hai⁶",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "只系"
},
{
"roman": "zhǐshì",
"word": "只是"
},
{
"roman": "dānchún",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"word": "單純"
},
{
"roman": "dānchún",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "单纯"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"漳州話"
],
"word": "孤啊"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"廈門話",
"漳州話"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "干焦"
},
{
"roman": "túrán",
"word": "徒然"
},
{
"roman": "cêng¹",
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "清"
}
],
"word": "孤單"
}
{
"categories": [
"吳語形容詞",
"吳語詞元",
"官話形容詞",
"官話詞元",
"客家語形容詞",
"客家語詞元",
"帶「單」的漢語詞",
"帶「孤」的漢語詞",
"有2個詞條的頁面",
"有同音詞的官話詞",
"有國際音標的漢語詞",
"有詞條的頁面",
"有音頻鏈接的官話詞",
"東干語形容詞",
"東干語詞元",
"泉漳話副詞",
"泉漳話形容詞",
"泉漳話詞元",
"漢語 情緒",
"漢語副詞",
"漢語形容詞",
"漢語水平考試丁級詞",
"漢語詞元",
"潮州話形容詞",
"潮州話詞元",
"粵語形容詞",
"粵語詞元",
"贛語形容詞",
"贛語詞元",
"閩東語形容詞",
"閩東語詞元"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "孤单",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
}
],
"lang": "漢語",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"pos_title": "形容詞",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"有引文的官話詞",
"有引文的文言文詞"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
28,
33
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
11
]
],
"ref": "《南齊書‧孝義傳‧韓靈敏》",
"roman": "Tóng lǐ Chén Ráng, fùmǔ sǐ, gūdān wú qīnqī, dīng shì shōuyǎng zhī.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Classical-Chinese",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "同里陳穰，父母死，孤單無親戚，丁氏收養之。"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
28,
33
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
11
]
],
"ref": "《南齊書‧孝義傳‧韓靈敏》",
"roman": "Tóng lǐ Chén Ráng, fùmǔ sǐ, gūdān wú qīnqī, dīng shì shōuyǎng zhī.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Classical-Chinese",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"text": "同里陈穰，父母死，孤单无亲戚，丁氏收养之。"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
11,
16
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
5
]
],
"ref": "唐·無作《謝武肅王》詩",
"roman": "Yúnhè xìng gūdān, zhēng kān mínglì guān.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Classical-Chinese",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "雲鶴性孤單，爭堪名利關。"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
11,
16
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
5
]
],
"ref": "唐·無作《謝武肅王》詩",
"roman": "Yúnhè xìng gūdān, zhēng kān mínglì guān.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Classical-Chinese",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"text": "云鹤性孤单，争堪名利关。"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
51,
56
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
15
]
],
"ref": "清·李漁《比目魚‧回生》",
"roman": "Nándào nǐ zhōngcháo xiàng bìng, jìng méiyǒu piànkè gūdān?",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Written-vernacular-Chinese",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "難道你終朝相並，竟沒有片刻孤單？"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
51,
56
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
15
]
],
"ref": "清·李漁《比目魚‧回生》",
"roman": "Nándào nǐ zhōngcháo xiàng bìng, jìng méiyǒu piànkè gūdān?",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Written-vernacular-Chinese",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"text": "难道你终朝相并，竟没有片刻孤单？"
}
],
"glosses": [
"孤獨；單身無依靠。"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"勢力單薄"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄍㄨ ㄉㄢ"
},
{
"audio": "Zh-gudan.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/Zh-gudan.ogg/Zh-gudan.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Zh-gudan.ogg",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Dongan",
"Cyrillic",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh_pron": "гўдан (gwdan, II-I)"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh_pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Foochow-Romanized"
],
"zh_pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "ko͘-toaⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "ko͘-tan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "gou¹ duan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai",
"Wugniu"
],
"zh_pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄍㄨ ㄉㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gudan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade–Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "ku¹-tan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "gū-dān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "gudan"
},
{
"roman": "gudanʹ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Cyrillic"
],
"zh_pron": "гудань"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"homophone": "估單",
"raw_tags": [
"同音詞"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "估单",
"raw_tags": [
"同音詞"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "孤單",
"raw_tags": [
"同音詞"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "孤单",
"raw_tags": [
"同音詞"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Dongan",
"Cyrillic",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh_pron": "гўдан (gwdan, II-I)"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹ tæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Dongan",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Yale",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gū dāan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh_pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku⁴² tan⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "gu^ˊ dan^ˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ tan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Fuzhou",
"Foochow-Romanized"
],
"zh_pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Fuzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "ko͘-toaⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"Tâi-lô"
],
"zh_pron": "koo-tuann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "ko'dvoaf"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tũ̯ã³³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tũ̯ã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tũ̯ã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"IPA",
"Taibei",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "ko͘-tan"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Tâi-lô"
],
"zh_pron": "koo-tan"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "ko'dafn"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tan³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tan⁴⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"IPA",
"Taibei",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tan⁴⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "gou¹ duan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "kou tuaⁿ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³⁻²³ tũã³³/",
"tags": [
"Teochew",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wugniu"
],
"zh_pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"MiniDict"
],
"zh_pron": "ku^平 te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ te²¹/",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"IPA"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "孤寂",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "俗"
},
{
"sense": "孤寂",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "孤孑"
},
{
"roman": "gūjí",
"sense": "孤寂",
"word": "孤寂"
},
{
"roman": "gūdú",
"sense": "孤寂",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"word": "孤獨"
},
{
"roman": "gūdú",
"sense": "孤寂",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "孤独"
},
{
"roman": "jìmò",
"sense": "孤寂",
"word": "寂寞"
},
{
"roman": "jìliáo",
"sense": "孤寂",
"word": "寂寥"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"漳州話"
],
"sense": "孤寂",
"word": "挑另"
},
{
"roman": "suǒmò",
"sense": "孤寂",
"tags": [
"literary",
"Min-Dong"
],
"word": "索寞"
},
{
"roman": "luòmò",
"sense": "孤寂",
"word": "落寞"
},
{
"roman": "dānbao",
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"word": "單薄"
},
{
"roman": "dānbao",
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "单薄"
},
{
"roman": "chánruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "孱弱"
},
{
"roman": "ruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"word": "弱"
},
{
"roman": "wēiruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"word": "微弱"
},
{
"sense": "微弱",
"word": "柔弱"
},
{
"roman": "shòuruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"word": "瘦弱"
},
{
"sense": "微弱",
"word": "瘦瘠"
},
{
"roman": "léiruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"word": "羸弱"
},
{
"roman": "cuìruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"word": "脆弱"
},
{
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "荏弱"
},
{
"roman": "bóruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"word": "薄弱"
},
{
"roman": "xūruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"word": "虛弱"
},
{
"roman": "xūruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "虚弱"
},
{
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "虛荏"
},
{
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "虚荏"
},
{
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"word": "虛虧"
},
{
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "虚亏"
},
{
"roman": "kuīruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"word": "虧弱"
},
{
"roman": "kuīruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "亏弱"
},
{
"roman": "shuāiruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"word": "衰弱"
},
{
"roman": "ruǎnruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"word": "軟弱"
},
{
"roman": "ruǎnruò",
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "软弱"
},
{
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "雌"
},
{
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"word": "體弱"
},
{
"sense": "微弱",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "体弱"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "德语",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "einsam"
},
{
"lang": "德语",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Einsamkeit"
},
{
"lang": "英语",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "alone"
},
{
"lang": "英语",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "lonely"
},
{
"lang": "英语",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "friendless"
},
{
"lang": "英语",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "solitary"
},
{
"lang": "西班牙语",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "soledad"
},
{
"lang": "法语",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "solitaire"
},
{
"lang": "法语",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "délaissé"
},
{
"lang": "俄语",
"lang_code": "ru",
"word": "одинокий"
},
{
"lang": "俄语",
"lang_code": "ru",
"word": "уединённый"
},
{
"lang": "俄语",
"lang_code": "ru",
"word": "одиночество"
},
{
"lang": "日语",
"lang_code": "ja",
"word": "単独の"
},
{
"lang": "韩语",
"lang_code": "ko",
"word": "외톨이이다"
},
{
"lang": "韩语",
"lang_code": "ko",
"word": "외롭다"
},
{
"lang": "韩语",
"lang_code": "ko",
"word": "쓸쓸하다"
},
{
"lang": "韩语",
"lang_code": "ko",
"word": "고독하다"
},
{
"lang": "韩语",
"lang_code": "ko",
"word": "외딴몸"
}
],
"word": "孤單"
}
{
"categories": [
"吳語形容詞",
"吳語詞元",
"官話形容詞",
"官話詞元",
"客家語形容詞",
"客家語詞元",
"帶「單」的漢語詞",
"帶「孤」的漢語詞",
"有2個詞條的頁面",
"有同音詞的官話詞",
"有國際音標的漢語詞",
"有詞條的頁面",
"有音頻鏈接的官話詞",
"東干語形容詞",
"東干語詞元",
"泉漳話副詞",
"泉漳話形容詞",
"泉漳話詞元",
"漢語 情緒",
"漢語副詞",
"漢語形容詞",
"漢語水平考試丁級詞",
"漢語詞元",
"潮州話形容詞",
"潮州話詞元",
"粵語形容詞",
"粵語詞元",
"贛語形容詞",
"贛語詞元",
"閩東語形容詞",
"閩東語詞元"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "孤单",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
}
],
"lang": "漢語",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adv",
"pos_title": "副詞",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"閩南漢語"
],
"glosses": [
"僅僅"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄍㄨ ㄉㄢ"
},
{
"audio": "Zh-gudan.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/Zh-gudan.ogg/Zh-gudan.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Zh-gudan.ogg",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Dongan",
"Cyrillic",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh_pron": "гўдан (gwdan, II-I)"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh_pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Foochow-Romanized"
],
"zh_pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "ko͘-toaⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "ko͘-tan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "gou¹ duan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai",
"Wugniu"
],
"zh_pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gūdān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄍㄨ ㄉㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gudan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade–Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "ku¹-tan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "gū-dān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "gudan"
},
{
"roman": "gudanʹ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Cyrillic"
],
"zh_pron": "гудань"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"homophone": "估單",
"raw_tags": [
"同音詞"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "估单",
"raw_tags": [
"同音詞"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "孤單",
"raw_tags": [
"同音詞"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "孤单",
"raw_tags": [
"同音詞"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Dongan",
"Cyrillic",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh_pron": "гўдан (gwdan, II-I)"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹ tæ̃²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Dongan",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Yale",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gū dāan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gu¹ daan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong Kong",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh_pron": "'gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku⁴² tan⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kû-tân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "gu^ˊ dan^ˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "gu¹ dan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ tan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Fuzhou",
"Foochow-Romanized"
],
"zh_pron": "gŭ-dăng"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Fuzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "ko͘-toaⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"Tâi-lô"
],
"zh_pron": "koo-tuann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "ko'dvoaf"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tũ̯ã³³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tũ̯ã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tũ̯ã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Singapore",
"general",
"IPA",
"Taibei",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "ko͘-tan"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Tâi-lô"
],
"zh_pron": "koo-tan"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "ko'dafn"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ³³ tan³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tan⁴⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"IPA",
"Taibei",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tan⁴⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"菲律賓",
"異讀"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Taiwanese",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "gou¹ duan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "kou tuaⁿ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou³³⁻²³ tũã³³/",
"tags": [
"Teochew",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wugniu"
],
"zh_pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"MiniDict"
],
"zh_pron": "ku^平 te"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "¹ku-te"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ te²¹/",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"IPA"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"蘇州話"
],
"roman": "⁷iq-thaeq₇-khuaeq₇-tsy₃",
"word": "一塌括子"
},
{
"roman": "jǐnjǐn",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"word": "僅僅"
},
{
"roman": "jǐnjǐn",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "仅仅"
},
{
"roman": "nâ-sê",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Min-Dong"
],
"word": "儷是"
},
{
"roman": "nâ-sê",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Min-Dong"
],
"word": "俪是"
},
{
"roman": "zéshì",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"archaic"
],
"word": "則是"
},
{
"roman": "zéshì",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"archaic"
],
"word": "则是"
},
{
"word": "只"
},
{
"roman": "zi² hai⁶",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "只係"
},
{
"roman": "zi² hai⁶",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "只系"
},
{
"roman": "zhǐshì",
"word": "只是"
},
{
"roman": "dānchún",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"word": "單純"
},
{
"roman": "dānchún",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "单纯"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"漳州話"
],
"word": "孤啊"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"廈門話",
"漳州話"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "干焦"
},
{
"roman": "túrán",
"word": "徒然"
},
{
"roman": "cêng¹",
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "清"
}
],
"word": "孤單"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 孤單 meaning in 漢語 (20.5kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <sup> not properly closed",
"path": [
"孤單"
],
"section": "漢語",
"subsection": "發音",
"title": "孤單",
"trace": "started on line 28, detected on line 28"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </sup>",
"path": [
"孤單"
],
"section": "漢語",
"subsection": "發音",
"title": "孤單",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <ul> not properly closed",
"path": [
"孤單"
],
"section": "漢語",
"subsection": "發音",
"title": "孤單",
"trace": "started on line 71, detected on line 81"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable 漢語 dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-28 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-22 using wiktextract (ffdbfc3 and b9346a0). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.