See raz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"expansion": "Inherited",
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{
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"args": {
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"3": "razić"
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"args": {
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"args": {
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"expansion": "Polish",
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{
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"args": {
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"expansion": "Old Polish raz",
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"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "раз"
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"expansion": "Russian раз (raz)",
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "Polish",
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{
"args": {
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"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "instance",
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},
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"name": "senseno"
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],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish raz. By surface analysis, deverbal from razić. Sense 1 is a generalization of sense 1, for which see Old Polish raz. For this use, compare Russian раз (raz). Sense 1 is a semantic narrowing of sense 1. The genitive plural form razy is suppletive from the alternative form raza.",
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{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
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{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
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"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "raz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "razy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "razu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "razy",
"source": "declension",
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"genitive",
"plural"
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},
{
"form": "razowi",
"source": "declension",
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"dative",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "razom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
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},
{
"form": "raz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "razy",
"source": "declension",
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"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "razem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "razami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "razie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "razach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "razie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "razy",
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"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
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"expansion": "raz m inan",
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"hyphenation": [
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{
"args": {
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"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
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],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
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"_dis": "10 1 1 6 32 30 17 1",
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"_dis": "29 1 1 7 21 25 15 1",
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"_dis": "24 1 1 6 26 29 13 1",
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"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
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},
{
"_dis": "23 1 1 6 27 29 14 1",
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"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "two, three, four and ten times",
"text": "dwa, trzy, cztery i dziesięć razy",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"time (instance, occurrence)"
],
"id": "en-raz-pl-noun-pl:instance",
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
]
],
"senseid": [
"pl:instance"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈras/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɒs/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈras/",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"rhymes": "-as"
},
{
"homophone": "ras"
}
],
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "raza"
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],
"word": "raz"
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"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
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"g3": "",
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"args": {
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{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
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{
"args": {
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"args": {
"1": "pl"
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"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "instance",
"pos": "noun"
},
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],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish raz. By surface analysis, deverbal from razić. Sense 1 is a generalization of sense 1, for which see Old Polish raz. For this use, compare Russian раз (raz). Sense 1 is a semantic narrowing of sense 1. The genitive plural form razy is suppletive from the alternative form raza.",
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"form": "no-table-tags",
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"table-tags"
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},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
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"inflection-template"
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},
{
"form": "raz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "razy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "razu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "razów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "razowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "razom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "razy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "razem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "razami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "razie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "razach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "razie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "razy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
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}
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"hyphenation": [
"raz"
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{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
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],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "in any case",
"text": "w każdym razie",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"case"
],
"id": "en-raz-pl-noun-pl:case",
"links": [
[
"case",
"case"
]
],
"senseid": [
"pl:case"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"hit, blow"
],
"id": "en-raz-pl-noun-Y7sXqHRi",
"links": [
[
"hit",
"hit"
],
[
"blow",
"blow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated, in the plural) hit, blow"
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"in-plural",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Near Masovian Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"notch or groove on a millstone made with a pickaxe"
],
"id": "en-raz-pl-noun-6CsWfNtu",
"links": [
[
"notch",
"notch"
],
[
"groove",
"groove"
],
[
"millstone",
"millstone"
],
[
"pickaxe",
"pickaxe"
]
],
"qualifier": "Near Masovian",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Near Masovian, chiefly in the plural) notch or groove on a millstone made with a pickaxe"
],
"tags": [
"in-plural",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 1 1 6 32 30 17 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish deverbals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 1 1 7 21 25 15 1",
"kind": "other",
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 1 1 6 26 29 13 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 1 1 6 27 29 14 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
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}
],
"glosses": [
"scar"
],
"id": "en-raz-pl-noun-cVpqvNuf",
"links": [
[
"scar",
"scar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) scar"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "blizna"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 1 1 6 32 30 17 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish deverbals",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 1 1 7 21 25 15 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 1 1 6 26 29 13 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 1 1 6 27 29 14 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lightning strike"
],
"id": "en-raz-pl-noun-PqYwuMEv",
"links": [
[
"lightning strike",
"lightning strike"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) lightning strike"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 1 1 6 32 30 17 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish deverbals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 1 1 7 21 25 15 1",
"kind": "other",
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"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 1 1 6 26 29 13 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 1 1 6 27 29 14 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon, page 493b:",
"text": "Vices, Rázy też odmienność/ przemiennośc/ ſzkodá/ przigodá.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"id": "en-raz-pl-noun-xvbE2kAR",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈras/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɒs/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈras/",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"rhymes": "-as"
},
{
"homophone": "ras"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "raza"
}
],
"word": "raz"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
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"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
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{
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"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
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"nocat": "",
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{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish raz",
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{
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"3": "razić"
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"expansion": "By surface analysis, deverbal from razić",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Polish",
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{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
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"uc": "1"
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"expansion": "Sense 1",
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{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Polish",
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{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
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},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
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{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
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},
"expansion": "Old Polish raz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "раз"
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"expansion": "Russian раз (raz)",
"name": "cog"
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{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Polish",
"name": "langname"
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{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
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"expansion": "Sense 1",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
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"expansion": "Polish",
"name": "langname"
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{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "instance",
"pos": "noun"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish raz. By surface analysis, deverbal from razić. Sense 1 is a generalization of sense 1, for which see Old Polish raz. For this use, compare Russian раз (raz). Sense 1 is a semantic narrowing of sense 1. The genitive plural form razy is suppletive from the alternative form raza.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
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"g": "m-in"
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"expansion": "raz m inan",
"name": "head"
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],
"hyphenation": [
"raz"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "num",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 11 8 3 1 1 3 7 6 3 26",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "One",
"orig": "pl:One",
"parents": [
"Numbers",
"All topics",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "co i raz"
},
{
"word": "jak dwa razy dwa"
},
{
"word": "na raz"
},
{
"word": "na razie"
},
{
"word": "naraz"
},
{
"word": "nie raz i nie dwa"
},
{
"word": "nieraz"
},
{
"word": "od razu"
},
{
"word": "pewnego razu"
},
{
"word": "pi razy oko"
},
{
"word": "po raz drugi"
},
{
"word": "po raz pierwszy"
},
{
"word": "po raz pierwszy i ostatni"
},
{
"word": "po raz wtóry"
},
{
"word": "raz a dobrze"
},
{
"word": "raz a porządnie"
},
{
"word": "raz czy dwa"
},
{
"word": "raz i drugi"
},
{
"word": "raz koło razu"
},
{
"word": "raz na zawsze"
},
{
"word": "raz po raz"
},
{
"word": "raz za razem"
},
{
"word": "raz, raz"
},
{
"word": "razem"
},
{
"word": "teraz"
},
{
"word": "w razie czego"
},
{
"word": "w sam raz"
},
{
"word": "wraz"
},
{
"word": "za każdym razem"
},
{
"word": "zaraz"
},
{
"word": "zrazu"
},
{
"word": "oraz"
},
{
"word": "w przeciwnym razie"
},
{
"word": "raz kozie śmierć"
},
{
"word": "raz, dwa"
},
{
"word": "iloraz"
},
{
"word": "pierwszy raz"
},
{
"word": "coraz"
},
{
"word": "razy"
},
{
"word": "w każdym razie"
},
{
"word": "w takim razie"
},
{
"word": "do trzech razy sztuka"
},
{
"word": "w razie"
},
{
"word": "chytry dwa razy traci"
},
{
"word": "gadał dziad do obrazu, a obraz do niego ani razu"
},
{
"word": "kto szybko daje, dwa razy daje"
},
{
"word": "nie od razu Kraków zbudowano"
},
{
"word": "raz na wozie, raz pod wozem"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "One, two, three...",
"text": "Raz, dwa, trzy...",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"one"
],
"id": "en-raz-pl-num-pl:counting",
"links": [
[
"one",
"one"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) one"
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "razić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rzezać"
}
],
"senseid": [
"pl:counting"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈras/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɒs/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈras/",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"rhymes": "-as"
},
{
"homophone": "ras"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "raza"
}
],
"word": "raz"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "pewnego razu"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from pewnego razu",
"name": "bf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "16th century"
},
"expansion": "the 16th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "16th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 16th century",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2010-2023) “raz, raza”, in <cite>Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku</cite> [<cite>A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish</cite>]</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from pewnego razu. First attested in the 16th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "raz (not comparable)",
"name": "pl-adv"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"raz"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 1 1 10 14 1 2 3 23 3 4 2 0 0 1 7 6 3 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 1 1 9 11 1 1 3 29 3 5 1 0 0 1 7 7 4 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 7 8 9 0 0 3 12 12 7 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish back-formations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 11 8 3 1 1 3 7 6 3 26",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "One",
"orig": "pl:One",
"parents": [
"Numbers",
"All topics",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 12 10 6 1 1 8 11 10 8 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "pl:Violence",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I'm going to tell you only once, don't forget!",
"text": "Powiem ci tylko raz, nie zapominaj!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"once (one time)"
],
"id": "en-raz-pl-adv-E4F5ftYr",
"links": [
[
"once",
"once"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "32 11 8 3 1 1 3 7 6 3 26",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "One",
"orig": "pl:One",
"parents": [
"Numbers",
"All topics",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "once and for all",
"text": "raz na zawsze",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"once (ultimately, definitively)"
],
"id": "en-raz-pl-adv-9U9R2dk9",
"links": [
[
"once",
"once"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈras/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɒs/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈras/",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"rhymes": "-as"
},
{
"homophone": "ras"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "raza"
}
],
"word": "raz"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "nieraz"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of nieraz",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of nieraz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "raz (not comparable)",
"name": "pl-adv"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"raz"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Why does it work sometimes, but not other times?",
"text": "Czemu raz działa, i raz nie?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used in the construction raz... raz... sometimes, once (at some point)"
],
"id": "en-raz-pl-adv-9njCzWG~",
"links": [
[
"sometimes",
"sometimes"
],
[
"once",
"once"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈras/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɒs/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈras/",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"rhymes": "-as"
},
{
"homophone": "ras"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "raza"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "raz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish adverbs",
"Polish clippings",
"Polish deverbals",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish frequency adverbs",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish numerals",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Polish uncomparable adverbs",
"Rhymes:Polish/as",
"Rhymes:Polish/as/1 syllable",
"pl:One",
"pl:Violence"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "raz",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish raz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "raz"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish raz",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+deverbal",
"2": "pl",
"3": "razić"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, deverbal from razić",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Polish",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "counting",
"pos": "numeral",
"uc": "1"
},
"expansion": "Sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Polish",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "instance",
"pos": "noun"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "raz"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish raz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "раз"
},
"expansion": "Russian раз (raz)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Polish",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "case",
"pos": "noun",
"uc": "1"
},
"expansion": "Sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Polish",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "instance",
"pos": "noun"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish raz. By surface analysis, deverbal from razić. Sense 1 is a generalization of sense 1, for which see Old Polish raz. For this use, compare Russian раз (raz). Sense 1 is a semantic narrowing of sense 1. The genitive plural form razy is suppletive from the alternative form raza.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "raz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "razy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "razu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "razy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "razowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "razom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "razy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "razem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "razami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "razie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "razach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "razie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "razy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "raz m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"raz"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"genp": "razy"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "two, three, four and ten times",
"text": "dwa, trzy, cztery i dziesięć razy",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"time (instance, occurrence)"
],
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
]
],
"senseid": [
"pl:instance"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈras/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɒs/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈras/",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"rhymes": "-as"
},
{
"homophone": "ras"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "raza"
}
],
"word": "raz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish adverbs",
"Polish clippings",
"Polish deverbals",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish frequency adverbs",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish numerals",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Polish uncomparable adverbs",
"Rhymes:Polish/as",
"Rhymes:Polish/as/1 syllable",
"pl:One",
"pl:Violence"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "raz",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish raz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "raz"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish raz",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+deverbal",
"2": "pl",
"3": "razić"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, deverbal from razić",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Polish",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "counting",
"pos": "numeral",
"uc": "1"
},
"expansion": "Sense 1",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Polish",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "instance",
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},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "raz"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish raz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "раз"
},
"expansion": "Russian раз (raz)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Polish",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "case",
"pos": "noun",
"uc": "1"
},
"expansion": "Sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Polish",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "instance",
"pos": "noun"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish raz. By surface analysis, deverbal from razić. Sense 1 is a generalization of sense 1, for which see Old Polish raz. For this use, compare Russian раз (raz). Sense 1 is a semantic narrowing of sense 1. The genitive plural form razy is suppletive from the alternative form raza.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "raz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "razy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "razu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "razów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "razowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "razom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "razy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "razem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "razami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "razie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "razach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "razie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "razy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "raz m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"raz"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "in any case",
"text": "w każdym razie",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"case"
],
"links": [
[
"case",
"case"
]
],
"senseid": [
"pl:case"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish dated terms"
],
"glosses": [
"hit, blow"
],
"links": [
[
"hit",
"hit"
],
[
"blow",
"blow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated, in the plural) hit, blow"
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"in-plural",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Near Masovian Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"notch or groove on a millstone made with a pickaxe"
],
"links": [
[
"notch",
"notch"
],
[
"groove",
"groove"
],
[
"millstone",
"millstone"
],
[
"pickaxe",
"pickaxe"
]
],
"qualifier": "Near Masovian",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Near Masovian, chiefly in the plural) notch or groove on a millstone made with a pickaxe"
],
"tags": [
"in-plural",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"scar"
],
"links": [
[
"scar",
"scar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) scar"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "blizna"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"lightning strike"
],
"links": [
[
"lightning strike",
"lightning strike"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) lightning strike"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Polish terms with quotations",
"Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon, page 493b:",
"text": "Vices, Rázy też odmienność/ przemiennośc/ ſzkodá/ przigodá.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈras/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɒs/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈras/",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"rhymes": "-as"
},
{
"homophone": "ras"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "raza"
}
],
"word": "raz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish adverbs",
"Polish clippings",
"Polish deverbals",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish frequency adverbs",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish numerals",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Polish uncomparable adverbs",
"Rhymes:Polish/as",
"Rhymes:Polish/as/1 syllable",
"pl:One",
"pl:Violence"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "co i raz"
},
{
"word": "jak dwa razy dwa"
},
{
"word": "na raz"
},
{
"word": "na razie"
},
{
"word": "naraz"
},
{
"word": "nie raz i nie dwa"
},
{
"word": "nieraz"
},
{
"word": "od razu"
},
{
"word": "pewnego razu"
},
{
"word": "pi razy oko"
},
{
"word": "po raz drugi"
},
{
"word": "po raz pierwszy"
},
{
"word": "po raz pierwszy i ostatni"
},
{
"word": "po raz wtóry"
},
{
"word": "raz a dobrze"
},
{
"word": "raz a porządnie"
},
{
"word": "raz czy dwa"
},
{
"word": "raz i drugi"
},
{
"word": "raz koło razu"
},
{
"word": "raz na zawsze"
},
{
"word": "raz po raz"
},
{
"word": "raz za razem"
},
{
"word": "raz, raz"
},
{
"word": "razem"
},
{
"word": "teraz"
},
{
"word": "w razie czego"
},
{
"word": "w sam raz"
},
{
"word": "wraz"
},
{
"word": "za każdym razem"
},
{
"word": "zaraz"
},
{
"word": "zrazu"
},
{
"word": "oraz"
},
{
"word": "w przeciwnym razie"
},
{
"word": "raz kozie śmierć"
},
{
"word": "raz, dwa"
},
{
"word": "iloraz"
},
{
"word": "pierwszy raz"
},
{
"word": "coraz"
},
{
"word": "razy"
},
{
"word": "w każdym razie"
},
{
"word": "w takim razie"
},
{
"word": "do trzech razy sztuka"
},
{
"word": "w razie"
},
{
"word": "chytry dwa razy traci"
},
{
"word": "gadał dziad do obrazu, a obraz do niego ani razu"
},
{
"word": "kto szybko daje, dwa razy daje"
},
{
"word": "nie od razu Kraków zbudowano"
},
{
"word": "raz na wozie, raz pod wozem"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "raz",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish raz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "raz"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish raz",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+deverbal",
"2": "pl",
"3": "razić"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, deverbal from razić",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Polish",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "counting",
"pos": "numeral",
"uc": "1"
},
"expansion": "Sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Polish",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "instance",
"pos": "noun"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "raz"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish raz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "раз"
},
"expansion": "Russian раз (raz)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Polish",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "case",
"pos": "noun",
"uc": "1"
},
"expansion": "Sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Polish",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "instance",
"pos": "noun"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish raz. By surface analysis, deverbal from razić. Sense 1 is a generalization of sense 1, for which see Old Polish raz. For this use, compare Russian раз (raz). Sense 1 is a semantic narrowing of sense 1. The genitive plural form razy is suppletive from the alternative form raza.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "numeral",
"g": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "raz m inan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"raz"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "num",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "razić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rzezać"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish colloquialisms",
"Polish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "One, two, three...",
"text": "Raz, dwa, trzy...",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"one"
],
"links": [
[
"one",
"one"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) one"
],
"senseid": [
"pl:counting"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈras/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɒs/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈras/",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"rhymes": "-as"
},
{
"homophone": "ras"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "raza"
}
],
"word": "raz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish adverbs",
"Polish back-formations",
"Polish clippings",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish frequency adverbs",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Polish uncomparable adverbs",
"Rhymes:Polish/as",
"Rhymes:Polish/as/1 syllable",
"pl:One",
"pl:Violence"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "pewnego razu"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from pewnego razu",
"name": "bf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "16th century"
},
"expansion": "the 16th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "16th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 16th century",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2010-2023) “raz, raza”, in <cite>Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku</cite> [<cite>A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish</cite>]</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from pewnego razu. First attested in the 16th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "raz (not comparable)",
"name": "pl-adv"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"raz"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I'm going to tell you only once, don't forget!",
"text": "Powiem ci tylko raz, nie zapominaj!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"once (one time)"
],
"links": [
[
"once",
"once"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "once and for all",
"text": "raz na zawsze",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"once (ultimately, definitively)"
],
"links": [
[
"once",
"once"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈras/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɒs/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈras/",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"rhymes": "-as"
},
{
"homophone": "ras"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "raza"
}
],
"word": "raz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish adverbs",
"Polish clippings",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish frequency adverbs",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Polish uncomparable adverbs",
"Rhymes:Polish/as",
"Rhymes:Polish/as/1 syllable",
"pl:One",
"pl:Violence"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "nieraz"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of nieraz",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of nieraz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "raz (not comparable)",
"name": "pl-adv"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"raz"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Why does it work sometimes, but not other times?",
"text": "Czemu raz działa, i raz nie?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used in the construction raz... raz... sometimes, once (at some point)"
],
"links": [
[
"sometimes",
"sometimes"
],
[
"once",
"once"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈras/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɒs/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈras/",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"rhymes": "-as"
},
{
"homophone": "ras"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "raza"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "raz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for raz meaning in Polish (18.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.