See gulēt in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for gulēt meaning in Latvian (17.1kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "prefixed verbs:"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "aizgulēt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "atgulēt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "iegulēt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "izgulēt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nogulēt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pagulēt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pārgulēt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "piegulēt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sagulēt"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gult",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie down"
},
"expansion": "gult (“to lie down”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "gulim"
},
"expansion": "gulim",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "gulit"
},
"expansion": "gulit",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "guļam"
},
"expansion": "guļam",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "guļat"
},
"expansion": "guļat",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gulė́ti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gulė́ti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "gułd"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian gułd",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "*gult"
},
"expansion": "*gult",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the same stem as the verb gult (“to lie down”) (q.v.), of which it was originally the iterative (and possibly causative) form. Originally it was an i-stem, as can be seen in dialectal forms like gulim, gulit instad of guļam, guļat. Cognates include Lithuanian gulė́ti, Sudovian gułd (< *gult).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "guļu",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "guli",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "guļ",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēju",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "guļu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēju",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēšu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "guli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēji",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēsi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "guli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "guļ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lai guļ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "guļam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gulējām",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēsim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēsim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "guļat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gulējāt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēsiet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēsit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "guliet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "guļ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lai guļ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "guļot",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"renarrative"
]
},
{
"form": "guļošs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"participle-1",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gulošs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"participle-1",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "esot gulējis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"renarrative"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēdams",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adverbial",
"participle",
"participle-2",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēšot",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"renarrative"
]
},
{
"form": "guļot",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adverbial",
"participle",
"participle-3",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lai guļot",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "guļam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"participle-4",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gulējis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gulētu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "guļams",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "būtu gulējis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēts",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "jāguļ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"debitive",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "būt jāguļ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"debitive",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "esot jāguļ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"conjunctive-1",
"debitive"
]
},
{
"form": "negulēt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "jāguļot",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"conjunctive-2",
"debitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēšana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"10": "",
"11": "present",
"12": "guļu, guli, guļ",
"13": "past",
"14": "gulēju",
"2": "verb",
"3": "intransitive",
"4": "",
"5": "3rd conjugation",
"6": "",
"7": "irregular",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"head": "gulēt"
},
"expansion": "gulēt (intransitive, 3rd conjugation, irregular, present guļu, guli, guļ, past gulēju)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "intr",
"2": "3rd",
"3": "gul",
"4": "ē",
"irr": "guļ"
},
"expansion": "gulēt (intransitive, 3rd conjugation, irregular, present guļu, guli, guļ, past gulēju)",
"name": "lv-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gul",
"2": "ē",
"3": "3rd",
"irr": "guļ"
},
"name": "lv-conj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gul",
"2": "ē",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"inf": "",
"irr1": "",
"pass": "",
"pol": "",
"prespart": "",
"refl": "",
"stem1": "guļ",
"width": "100%"
},
"name": "lv-conj-3"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "guļu",
"10": "gulējāt",
"11": "gulēšu",
"12": "gulēsi",
"13": "gulēs",
"14": "gulēsim",
"15": "gulēsiet,\ngulēsit",
"16": "guli",
"17": "guliet",
"18": "guļot",
"19": "gulēšot",
"2": "guli",
"20": "gulētu",
"21": "jāguļ",
"22": "jāguļot",
"23": "guļošs, gulošs",
"24": "gulēdams",
"25": "guļot",
"26": "guļam",
"27": "gulējis",
"28": "guļams",
"29": "gulēts",
"3": "guļ",
"30": "gulēšana",
"4": "guļam",
"5": "guļat",
"6": "gulēju",
"7": "gulēji",
"8": "gulēja",
"9": "gulējām",
"inf": "",
"pass": "",
"pol": "",
"prespart": "",
"refl": "",
"width": "100%"
},
"name": "lv-conj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gult"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gulties"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gulta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "guļus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "miegs"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to sleep the whole night",
"text": "gulēt visu nakti",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to sleep sweetly (= deeply)",
"text": "saldi gulēt",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to sleep a sweet (= deep) sleep",
"text": "gulēt saldā miegā, saldu miegu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "it is time to sleep",
"text": "laiks gulēt",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the child wants to sleep",
"text": "bērnam gribas gulēt",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to go to sleep",
"text": "(aiz)iet gulēt",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "go to sleep!",
"text": "ej (nu) gulēt!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "he sleeps like a bear (= very long)",
"text": "guļ kā lācis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to take an afternoon nap (lit. to sleep midday)",
"text": "gulēt dienvidu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to sleep, to be asleep"
],
"id": "en-gulēt-lv-verb-fpvhpoEh",
"links": [
[
"sleep",
"sleep"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"asleep",
"asleep"
]
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to lie down sideways, on one's side",
"text": "gulēt uz sāniem",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to lie on one's back",
"text": "gulēt uz muguras",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to lie down with one's eyes open",
"text": "gulēt ar vaļējām acīm",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to lie in the sun",
"text": "gulēt saulē",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to lie on the sand, at the beach",
"text": "gulēt smiltīs, pludmalē",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lie down (to be in horizontal position)"
],
"id": "en-gulēt-lv-verb-OTAe2jzG",
"links": [
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"lie down",
"lie down"
],
[
"be",
"be#English"
],
[
"horizontal",
"horizontal#English"
],
[
"position",
"position#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "animals",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of people, animals) to lie down (to be in horizontal position)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of people"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 14 61 4 4 4 4 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 17 48 3 7 4 10 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 8 79 0 1 2 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 16 53 4 8 4 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 18 28 10 6 12 10 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian third conjugation verbs in -ēt",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 16 32 8 8 9 8 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 1 57 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Sleep",
"orig": "lv:Sleep",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be sick (lit. lie) with the flu",
"text": "gulēt ar gripu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be sick (lit. lie) with pneumonia",
"text": "gulēt ar plaušu karsoni",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to lie unconscious",
"text": "gulēt nesamaņā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be (lit. lie) in a hospital (= to be in treatmnet)",
"text": "gulēt slimnīcā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be bedridden (lit. to lie in (an illness) bed)",
"text": "gulēt uz (slimības) gultā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to lie in one's death bed (terminal patient)",
"text": "gulēt uz nāves gultā",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lie in bed because of sickness; to be bedridden"
],
"id": "en-gulēt-lv-verb-Dooinkdg",
"links": [
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"bed",
"bed"
],
[
"because of",
"because of"
],
[
"sickness",
"sickness"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"bedridden",
"bedridden"
]
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to lie in eternal sleep (= to be dead)",
"text": "gulēt mūžīgā miegā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to lie under the (green) grass",
"text": "gulēt zem (zaļām) velēnām",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "father lies/rests in the sand hill",
"text": "tēvs guļ smilšu kalniņā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "where are they, the friends of my old days?... one lies (= is buried) in the rocks of the wild Spanish mountains, another one in the grave of an unknown hero of the French Resistance",
"text": "kur viņi ir, manu seno dienu draugi?... cits guļ tālās Spānijas mežonīgo kalnu klintīs, cits Francijas pretošanās kustības nezināmo varoņu brāļu kapā",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lie, to rest (to be buried in a grave)"
],
"id": "en-gulēt-lv-verb-vIgeeOC2",
"links": [
[
"dead",
"dead#English"
],
[
"people",
"people#English"
],
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"rest",
"rest"
],
[
"buried",
"bury#English"
],
[
"grave",
"grave#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of dead people) to lie, to rest (to be buried in a grave)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of dead people"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a common, lying (on the ground) variety of tomato",
"text": "parastās, gulošās tomātu šķirnes",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lie (on the ground)"
],
"id": "en-gulēt-lv-verb-dQSG23-9",
"links": [
[
"plant",
"plant#English"
],
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"ground",
"ground"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of plants) to lie (on the ground)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of plants"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "on the table (there) lies a loaf of bread",
"text": "uz galda guļ maizes klaips",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in the barn (there) lies last year's hay",
"text": "šķūnī guļ pērnais siens",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "she felt that a heavy hand (was) lying on her shoulder",
"text": "viņa jau jūt, ka smaga roka guļ uz viņas pleca",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in the boat (there) lay the catch: two pikes and one large perch",
"text": "laivā gulēja loms: divas līdakas un vienu prāvs asaris",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lie, to be in a lying position"
],
"id": "en-gulēt-lv-verb-HFF8QIS4",
"links": [
[
"object",
"object#English"
],
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"lying",
"lie"
],
[
"position",
"position"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of objects) to lie, to be in a lying position"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of objects"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "due to lack of roads and transportation, giant wealth lies untouched (under the ground)",
"text": "ceļu un transporta trūkuma dēļ neskartas guļ milzu bagātības",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "he came into the fishermen union shop and checked which goods were lying on the shelves",
"text": "viņš iegriezās zvejnieku savienības veikalā un apskatījās, kādas preces guļ plauktos",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lie (idle), to not be in use"
],
"id": "en-gulēt-lv-verb--VA5CgpF",
"links": [
[
"object",
"object#English"
],
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"idle",
"idle"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"in use",
"in use"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of objects) to lie (idle), to not be in use"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of objects"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "over the city a cloudy sky lay (= hovered, spread)",
"text": "pāri pilsētai gulēja nomākusies debess",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "on the river the snow water was lying",
"text": "virs upes jau gulēja sniega ūdeņi",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the darkness lay over the hills like the sea over coral reefs",
"text": "pār kalniem gulēja tumsa kā jūra pār koraļļu rifiem",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in the valley a shadow was lying",
"text": "ielejā jau gulēja ēnas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the morning silence lay (= spread itself) over the land",
"text": "rīta klusums gulēja pār zemi",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to spread over, to occupy (a place)"
],
"id": "en-gulēt-lv-verb-yF27-S0n",
"links": [
[
"fluid",
"fluid#English"
],
[
"substance",
"substance#English"
],
[
"light",
"light#English"
],
[
"darkness",
"darkness#English"
],
[
"spread",
"spread"
],
[
"over",
"over"
],
[
"occupy",
"occupy"
],
[
"place",
"place"
]
],
"qualifier": "light; darkness; light; darkness",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of fluid substances, light, darkness) to spread over, to occupy (a place)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of fluid substances"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"irregular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡulɛ̂ːt]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-gulēt.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/19/Lv-riga-gul%C4%93t.ogg/Lv-riga-gul%C4%93t.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Lv-riga-gul%C4%93t.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "migt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "aizmigt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"poetic"
],
"word": "dusēt"
}
],
"word": "gulēt"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian intransitive verbs",
"Latvian irregular third conjugation verbs",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latvian terms with audio links",
"Latvian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Latvian terms with redundant head parameter",
"Latvian third conjugation verbs",
"Latvian third conjugation verbs in -ēt",
"Latvian verbs",
"Latvian words with broken intonation",
"lv:Sleep"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "prefixed verbs:"
},
{
"word": "aizgulēt"
},
{
"word": "atgulēt"
},
{
"word": "iegulēt"
},
{
"word": "izgulēt"
},
{
"word": "nogulēt"
},
{
"word": "pagulēt"
},
{
"word": "pārgulēt"
},
{
"word": "piegulēt"
},
{
"word": "sagulēt"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gult",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie down"
},
"expansion": "gult (“to lie down”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "gulim"
},
"expansion": "gulim",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "gulit"
},
"expansion": "gulit",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "guļam"
},
"expansion": "guļam",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "guļat"
},
"expansion": "guļat",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gulė́ti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gulė́ti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "gułd"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian gułd",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "*gult"
},
"expansion": "*gult",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the same stem as the verb gult (“to lie down”) (q.v.), of which it was originally the iterative (and possibly causative) form. Originally it was an i-stem, as can be seen in dialectal forms like gulim, gulit instad of guļam, guļat. Cognates include Lithuanian gulė́ti, Sudovian gułd (< *gult).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "guļu",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "guli",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "guļ",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēju",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "guļu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēju",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēšu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "guli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēji",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēsi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "guli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "guļ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lai guļ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "guļam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gulējām",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēsim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēsim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "guļat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gulējāt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēsiet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēsit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "guliet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "guļ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lai guļ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "guļot",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"renarrative"
]
},
{
"form": "guļošs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"participle-1",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gulošs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"participle-1",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "esot gulējis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"renarrative"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēdams",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adverbial",
"participle",
"participle-2",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēšot",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"renarrative"
]
},
{
"form": "guļot",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adverbial",
"participle",
"participle-3",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lai guļot",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "guļam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"participle-4",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gulējis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gulētu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "guļams",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "būtu gulējis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēts",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "jāguļ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"debitive",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "būt jāguļ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"debitive",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "esot jāguļ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"conjunctive-1",
"debitive"
]
},
{
"form": "negulēt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "jāguļot",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"conjunctive-2",
"debitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gulēšana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"10": "",
"11": "present",
"12": "guļu, guli, guļ",
"13": "past",
"14": "gulēju",
"2": "verb",
"3": "intransitive",
"4": "",
"5": "3rd conjugation",
"6": "",
"7": "irregular",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"head": "gulēt"
},
"expansion": "gulēt (intransitive, 3rd conjugation, irregular, present guļu, guli, guļ, past gulēju)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "intr",
"2": "3rd",
"3": "gul",
"4": "ē",
"irr": "guļ"
},
"expansion": "gulēt (intransitive, 3rd conjugation, irregular, present guļu, guli, guļ, past gulēju)",
"name": "lv-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gul",
"2": "ē",
"3": "3rd",
"irr": "guļ"
},
"name": "lv-conj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gul",
"2": "ē",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"inf": "",
"irr1": "",
"pass": "",
"pol": "",
"prespart": "",
"refl": "",
"stem1": "guļ",
"width": "100%"
},
"name": "lv-conj-3"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "guļu",
"10": "gulējāt",
"11": "gulēšu",
"12": "gulēsi",
"13": "gulēs",
"14": "gulēsim",
"15": "gulēsiet,\ngulēsit",
"16": "guli",
"17": "guliet",
"18": "guļot",
"19": "gulēšot",
"2": "guli",
"20": "gulētu",
"21": "jāguļ",
"22": "jāguļot",
"23": "guļošs, gulošs",
"24": "gulēdams",
"25": "guļot",
"26": "guļam",
"27": "gulējis",
"28": "guļams",
"29": "gulēts",
"3": "guļ",
"30": "gulēšana",
"4": "guļam",
"5": "guļat",
"6": "gulēju",
"7": "gulēji",
"8": "gulēja",
"9": "gulējām",
"inf": "",
"pass": "",
"pol": "",
"prespart": "",
"refl": "",
"width": "100%"
},
"name": "lv-conj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "gult"
},
{
"word": "gulties"
},
{
"word": "gulta"
},
{
"word": "guļus"
},
{
"word": "miegs"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to sleep the whole night",
"text": "gulēt visu nakti",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to sleep sweetly (= deeply)",
"text": "saldi gulēt",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to sleep a sweet (= deep) sleep",
"text": "gulēt saldā miegā, saldu miegu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "it is time to sleep",
"text": "laiks gulēt",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the child wants to sleep",
"text": "bērnam gribas gulēt",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to go to sleep",
"text": "(aiz)iet gulēt",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "go to sleep!",
"text": "ej (nu) gulēt!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "he sleeps like a bear (= very long)",
"text": "guļ kā lācis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to take an afternoon nap (lit. to sleep midday)",
"text": "gulēt dienvidu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to sleep, to be asleep"
],
"links": [
[
"sleep",
"sleep"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"asleep",
"asleep"
]
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to lie down sideways, on one's side",
"text": "gulēt uz sāniem",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to lie on one's back",
"text": "gulēt uz muguras",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to lie down with one's eyes open",
"text": "gulēt ar vaļējām acīm",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to lie in the sun",
"text": "gulēt saulē",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to lie on the sand, at the beach",
"text": "gulēt smiltīs, pludmalē",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lie down (to be in horizontal position)"
],
"links": [
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"lie down",
"lie down"
],
[
"be",
"be#English"
],
[
"horizontal",
"horizontal#English"
],
[
"position",
"position#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "animals",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of people, animals) to lie down (to be in horizontal position)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of people"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be sick (lit. lie) with the flu",
"text": "gulēt ar gripu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be sick (lit. lie) with pneumonia",
"text": "gulēt ar plaušu karsoni",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to lie unconscious",
"text": "gulēt nesamaņā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be (lit. lie) in a hospital (= to be in treatmnet)",
"text": "gulēt slimnīcā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be bedridden (lit. to lie in (an illness) bed)",
"text": "gulēt uz (slimības) gultā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to lie in one's death bed (terminal patient)",
"text": "gulēt uz nāves gultā",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lie in bed because of sickness; to be bedridden"
],
"links": [
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"bed",
"bed"
],
[
"because of",
"because of"
],
[
"sickness",
"sickness"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"bedridden",
"bedridden"
]
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to lie in eternal sleep (= to be dead)",
"text": "gulēt mūžīgā miegā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to lie under the (green) grass",
"text": "gulēt zem (zaļām) velēnām",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "father lies/rests in the sand hill",
"text": "tēvs guļ smilšu kalniņā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "where are they, the friends of my old days?... one lies (= is buried) in the rocks of the wild Spanish mountains, another one in the grave of an unknown hero of the French Resistance",
"text": "kur viņi ir, manu seno dienu draugi?... cits guļ tālās Spānijas mežonīgo kalnu klintīs, cits Francijas pretošanās kustības nezināmo varoņu brāļu kapā",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lie, to rest (to be buried in a grave)"
],
"links": [
[
"dead",
"dead#English"
],
[
"people",
"people#English"
],
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"rest",
"rest"
],
[
"buried",
"bury#English"
],
[
"grave",
"grave#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of dead people) to lie, to rest (to be buried in a grave)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of dead people"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a common, lying (on the ground) variety of tomato",
"text": "parastās, gulošās tomātu šķirnes",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lie (on the ground)"
],
"links": [
[
"plant",
"plant#English"
],
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"ground",
"ground"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of plants) to lie (on the ground)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of plants"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "on the table (there) lies a loaf of bread",
"text": "uz galda guļ maizes klaips",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in the barn (there) lies last year's hay",
"text": "šķūnī guļ pērnais siens",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "she felt that a heavy hand (was) lying on her shoulder",
"text": "viņa jau jūt, ka smaga roka guļ uz viņas pleca",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in the boat (there) lay the catch: two pikes and one large perch",
"text": "laivā gulēja loms: divas līdakas un vienu prāvs asaris",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lie, to be in a lying position"
],
"links": [
[
"object",
"object#English"
],
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"lying",
"lie"
],
[
"position",
"position"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of objects) to lie, to be in a lying position"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of objects"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "due to lack of roads and transportation, giant wealth lies untouched (under the ground)",
"text": "ceļu un transporta trūkuma dēļ neskartas guļ milzu bagātības",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "he came into the fishermen union shop and checked which goods were lying on the shelves",
"text": "viņš iegriezās zvejnieku savienības veikalā un apskatījās, kādas preces guļ plauktos",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lie (idle), to not be in use"
],
"links": [
[
"object",
"object#English"
],
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"idle",
"idle"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"in use",
"in use"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of objects) to lie (idle), to not be in use"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of objects"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "over the city a cloudy sky lay (= hovered, spread)",
"text": "pāri pilsētai gulēja nomākusies debess",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "on the river the snow water was lying",
"text": "virs upes jau gulēja sniega ūdeņi",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the darkness lay over the hills like the sea over coral reefs",
"text": "pār kalniem gulēja tumsa kā jūra pār koraļļu rifiem",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "in the valley a shadow was lying",
"text": "ielejā jau gulēja ēnas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the morning silence lay (= spread itself) over the land",
"text": "rīta klusums gulēja pār zemi",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to spread over, to occupy (a place)"
],
"links": [
[
"fluid",
"fluid#English"
],
[
"substance",
"substance#English"
],
[
"light",
"light#English"
],
[
"darkness",
"darkness#English"
],
[
"spread",
"spread"
],
[
"over",
"over"
],
[
"occupy",
"occupy"
],
[
"place",
"place"
]
],
"qualifier": "light; darkness; light; darkness",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of fluid substances, light, darkness) to spread over, to occupy (a place)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of fluid substances"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"irregular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡulɛ̂ːt]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-gulēt.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/19/Lv-riga-gul%C4%93t.ogg/Lv-riga-gul%C4%93t.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Lv-riga-gul%C4%93t.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "migt"
},
{
"word": "aizmigt"
},
{
"tags": [
"poetic"
],
"word": "dusēt"
}
],
"word": "gulēt"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.