"-ko" meaning in Ilocano

See -ko in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Pronoun

IPA: /ko/, /ku/ Forms: {head|ilo|pronoun}} [canonical]
Etymology: From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ku, from Proto-Austronesian *ku. Etymology templates: {{inh|ilo|poz-pro|*ku}} Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ku, {{inh|ilo|map-pro|*ku}} Proto-Austronesian *ku
  1. First-person singular ergative enclitic pronoun; I
    Sense id: en--ko-ilo-pron-z-auAM2U
  2. First-person singular possessive marker; my
    Sense id: en--ko-ilo-pron-W5a~FDmU
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: -k (english: before vowels and suffixes -en and -an)
Related terms: siak, -ak, -k, kaniak, bagik, kukuak, kuak, data, sita1, -ta, kaniata, kadata, bagita, kukuata, datayo, sitayo1, -tayo, -tay, kaniatayo, kadatayo, bagitayo, kukuatayo, dakami, sikami1, -kami, -kam, -mi, kaniami, kadakami, bagimi, kukuami, sika, -ka, -mo, -m, kaniam, kenka, bagim, kukuam, dakayo, sikayo1, -kayo, -kay, -yo, kaniayo, kadakayo, bagiyo, kukuayo, isu, isuna, Ø2, -na, kaniana, kenkuana, bagina, kukuana, isuda, -da, kaniada, kadakuada, bagida, kukuada, bagik4, —, -ko ida, -k ida, bagita4, -ta ida, bagitayo4, -tayo ida, bagimi4, -daka, -dakayo, -mi ida, -nak, -nakami, bagim4, -mo ida, -m ida, -dak, -data, -dakami, bagiyo4, -yo ida, -nata, -natayo, -naka, -nakayo, bagina4, -na ida, -datayo, bagida4, -da ida, Fused enclitics

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for -ko meaning in Ilocano (4.6kB)

{
  "categories": [],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ilo",
        "2": "poz-pro",
        "3": "*ku"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ku",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ilo",
        "2": "map-pro",
        "3": "*ku"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *ku",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ku, from Proto-Austronesian *ku.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "{head|ilo|pronoun}}",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ilocano",
  "lang_code": "ilo",
  "pos": "pron",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "siak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-ak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-k"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kaniak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bagik"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kukuak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kuak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "data"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "sita1"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-ta"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kaniata"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kadata"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bagita"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kukuata"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "datayo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "sitayo1"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-tayo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-tay"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kaniatayo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kadatayo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bagitayo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kukuatayo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "dakami"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "sikami1"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-kami"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-kam"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-mi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kaniami"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kadakami"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bagimi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kukuami"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "sika"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-ka"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-mo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-m"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kaniam"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kenka"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bagim"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kukuam"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "dakayo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "sikayo1"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-kayo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-kay"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-yo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kaniayo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kadakayo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bagiyo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kukuayo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "isu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "isuna"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Ø2"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-na"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kaniana"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kenkuana"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bagina"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kukuana"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "isuda"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-da"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kaniada"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kadakuada"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bagida"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kukuada"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bagik4"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "—"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-ko ida"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-k ida"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bagita4"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-ta ida"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bagitayo4"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-tayo ida"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bagimi4"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-daka"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-dakayo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-mi ida"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-nak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-nakami"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bagim4"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-mo ida"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-m ida"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-dak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-data"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-dakami"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bagiyo4"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-yo ida"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-nata"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-natayo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-naka"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-nakayo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bagina4"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-na ida"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-datayo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bagida4"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-da ida"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Fused enclitics"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I opened the window because it is hot.",
          "text": "Inlukatko ti tawa ta napudot.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I'll do that tomorrow.",
          "text": "Aramidekto dayta no bigat.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "First-person singular ergative enclitic pronoun; I"
      ],
      "id": "en--ko-ilo-pron-z-auAM2U",
      "links": [
        [
          "I",
          "I"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "This is my family.",
          "text": "Daytoy ti pamiliak.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "These are my children.",
          "text": "Annakko dagitoy.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "First-person singular possessive marker; my"
      ],
      "id": "en--ko-ilo-pron-W5a~FDmU",
      "links": [
        [
          "my",
          "my"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ko/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "before vowels and suffixes -en and -an",
      "word": "-k"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ko"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Ilocano terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
    "Ilocano terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
    "Ilocano terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
    "Ilocano terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
    "Ilocano terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ilo",
        "2": "poz-pro",
        "3": "*ku"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ku",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ilo",
        "2": "map-pro",
        "3": "*ku"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *ku",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ku, from Proto-Austronesian *ku.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "{head|ilo|pronoun}}",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ilocano",
  "lang_code": "ilo",
  "pos": "pron",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "siak"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ak"
    },
    {
      "word": "-k"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaniak"
    },
    {
      "word": "bagik"
    },
    {
      "word": "kukuak"
    },
    {
      "word": "kuak"
    },
    {
      "word": "data"
    },
    {
      "word": "sita1"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ta"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaniata"
    },
    {
      "word": "kadata"
    },
    {
      "word": "bagita"
    },
    {
      "word": "kukuata"
    },
    {
      "word": "datayo"
    },
    {
      "word": "sitayo1"
    },
    {
      "word": "-tayo"
    },
    {
      "word": "-tay"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaniatayo"
    },
    {
      "word": "kadatayo"
    },
    {
      "word": "bagitayo"
    },
    {
      "word": "kukuatayo"
    },
    {
      "word": "dakami"
    },
    {
      "word": "sikami1"
    },
    {
      "word": "-kami"
    },
    {
      "word": "-kam"
    },
    {
      "word": "-mi"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaniami"
    },
    {
      "word": "kadakami"
    },
    {
      "word": "bagimi"
    },
    {
      "word": "kukuami"
    },
    {
      "word": "sika"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ka"
    },
    {
      "word": "-mo"
    },
    {
      "word": "-m"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaniam"
    },
    {
      "word": "kenka"
    },
    {
      "word": "bagim"
    },
    {
      "word": "kukuam"
    },
    {
      "word": "dakayo"
    },
    {
      "word": "sikayo1"
    },
    {
      "word": "-kayo"
    },
    {
      "word": "-kay"
    },
    {
      "word": "-yo"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaniayo"
    },
    {
      "word": "kadakayo"
    },
    {
      "word": "bagiyo"
    },
    {
      "word": "kukuayo"
    },
    {
      "word": "isu"
    },
    {
      "word": "isuna"
    },
    {
      "word": "Ø2"
    },
    {
      "word": "-na"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaniana"
    },
    {
      "word": "kenkuana"
    },
    {
      "word": "bagina"
    },
    {
      "word": "kukuana"
    },
    {
      "word": "isuda"
    },
    {
      "word": "-da"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaniada"
    },
    {
      "word": "kadakuada"
    },
    {
      "word": "bagida"
    },
    {
      "word": "kukuada"
    },
    {
      "word": "bagik4"
    },
    {
      "word": "—"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ko ida"
    },
    {
      "word": "-k ida"
    },
    {
      "word": "bagita4"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ta ida"
    },
    {
      "word": "bagitayo4"
    },
    {
      "word": "-tayo ida"
    },
    {
      "word": "bagimi4"
    },
    {
      "word": "-daka"
    },
    {
      "word": "-dakayo"
    },
    {
      "word": "-mi ida"
    },
    {
      "word": "-nak"
    },
    {
      "word": "-nakami"
    },
    {
      "word": "bagim4"
    },
    {
      "word": "-mo ida"
    },
    {
      "word": "-m ida"
    },
    {
      "word": "-dak"
    },
    {
      "word": "-data"
    },
    {
      "word": "-dakami"
    },
    {
      "word": "bagiyo4"
    },
    {
      "word": "-yo ida"
    },
    {
      "word": "-nata"
    },
    {
      "word": "-natayo"
    },
    {
      "word": "-naka"
    },
    {
      "word": "-nakayo"
    },
    {
      "word": "bagina4"
    },
    {
      "word": "-na ida"
    },
    {
      "word": "-datayo"
    },
    {
      "word": "bagida4"
    },
    {
      "word": "-da ida"
    },
    {
      "word": "Fused enclitics"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Ilocano terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I opened the window because it is hot.",
          "text": "Inlukatko ti tawa ta napudot.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I'll do that tomorrow.",
          "text": "Aramidekto dayta no bigat.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "First-person singular ergative enclitic pronoun; I"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "I",
          "I"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Ilocano terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "This is my family.",
          "text": "Daytoy ti pamiliak.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "These are my children.",
          "text": "Annakko dagitoy.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "First-person singular possessive marker; my"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "my",
          "my"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ko/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "english": "before vowels and suffixes -en and -an",
      "word": "-k"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ko"
}
{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
  "msg": "suspicious related form tags ['canonical']: '{head|ilo|pronoun}}' in '{head|ilo|pronoun}}'",
  "path": [
    "-ko"
  ],
  "section": "Ilocano",
  "subsection": "pronoun",
  "title": "-ko",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/328",
  "msg": "TABLE not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "-ko"
  ],
  "section": "Ilocano",
  "subsection": "pronoun",
  "title": "-ko",
  "trace": "started on line 5, detected on line 186"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
  "path": [
    "-ko"
  ],
  "section": "Ilocano",
  "subsection": "pronoun",
  "title": "-ko",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
  "path": [
    "-ko"
  ],
  "section": "Ilocano",
  "subsection": "pronoun",
  "title": "-ko",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ilocano dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.