See -han in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "clitic"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From hän, dialectally (mainly in eastern and northern Finnish dialects) used as an emphatic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-hän",
"tags": [
"front-vowel"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "particle",
"3": "front vowel harmony variant",
"4": "-hän",
"5": "linguistic notation",
"6": "-hAn",
"cat2": "clitics",
"cat3": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-han (front vowel harmony variant -hän, linguistic notation -hAn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"var": "hän"
},
"expansion": "-han (front vowel harmony variant -hän, linguistic notation -hAn)",
"name": "fi-clitic"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It's been a long time since that, after all.",
"text": "Onhan siitä jo kauan aikaa.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after all, in any case, although"
],
"id": "en--han-fi-particle-WY7vVQrF",
"links": [
[
"after all",
"after all"
],
[
"in any case",
"in any case"
],
[
"although",
"although"
]
],
"qualifier": "emphasis",
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphasis)",
"after all, in any case, although"
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Well we all already knew about it.",
"text": "No senhän me jo kaikki tiesimme.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Expresses a fact that the speaker either considers obvious, or at the very least known to both the speaker and the addressed, and worth reminding someone of."
],
"id": "en--han-fi-particle-Y3D8QzXa",
"qualifier": "emphasis",
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphasis)",
"Expresses a fact that the speaker either considers obvious, or at the very least known to both the speaker and the addressed, and worth reminding someone of."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 4 12 1 10 11 3 8 4 11 5 4 1 5 9 7 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish clitics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 11 1 9 10 3 8 5 9 5 4 1 5 9 7 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 12 4 7 10 2 11 8 7 4 3 1 3 12 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 11 1 10 10 3 8 5 9 7 6 1 4 9 7 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 11 0 11 11 3 8 5 10 5 4 1 4 10 8 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "But such a thing cannot happen, right?",
"text": "Mutta eihän sellaista voi tapahtua, eihän?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I can pay with the card, right?",
"text": "Pystyyhän kortilla maksamaan?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A particle to express that the speaker has some view on something that they are willing to either confirm or question; attached to verbs, including the negative verb, and the word modified is sometimes repeated at the end of the sentence."
],
"id": "en--han-fi-particle-pxfNU3G8",
"qualifier": "emphasis",
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphasis)",
"A particle to express that the speaker has some view on something that they are willing to either confirm or question; attached to verbs, including the negative verb, and the word modified is sometimes repeated at the end of the sentence."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Hey, I'm the one who keeps order in this house!",
"text": "Tässä talossahan määrään minä!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A particle to express that the speaker is determined about or resistant towards something."
],
"id": "en--han-fi-particle-f34dW1iH",
"qualifier": "emphasis",
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphasis)",
"A particle to express that the speaker is determined about or resistant towards something."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 4 11 1 9 10 3 8 5 9 5 4 1 5 9 7 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 11 1 10 10 3 8 5 9 7 6 1 4 9 7 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 11 0 11 11 3 8 5 10 5 4 1 4 10 8 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "No, I didn't do (it)!",
"text": "Enhän tehnyt!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Expresses disagreement, particularly in brief exclamations."
],
"id": "en--han-fi-particle-pXuIun7Y",
"qualifier": "emphasis",
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphasis)",
"Expresses disagreement, particularly in brief exclamations."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-pa"
},
{
"word": "-pas"
}
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 4 12 1 10 11 3 8 4 11 5 4 1 5 9 7 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish clitics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 11 1 9 10 3 8 5 9 5 4 1 5 9 7 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 12 4 7 10 2 11 8 7 4 3 1 3 12 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 11 1 10 10 3 8 5 9 7 6 1 4 9 7 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 11 0 11 11 3 8 5 10 5 4 1 4 10 8 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I suppose we'll get by somehow.",
"text": "Emmeköhän me jotenkuten tule toimeen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"With a negation verb form and the enclitic particle -ko / -kö to express \"I suppose\"."
],
"id": "en--han-fi-particle-KnL0jSeJ",
"links": [
[
"-ko",
"-ko#Finnish"
],
[
"-kö",
"-kö#Finnish"
]
],
"qualifier": "emphasis",
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphasis)",
"With a negation verb form and the enclitic particle -ko / -kö to express \"I suppose\"."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "At the very least I have learned something.",
"text": "Olenpahan jotain sentään oppinut.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"With -pa (-pahan), expresses a particularly strong convinction that one's statement can be corroborated."
],
"id": "en--han-fi-particle-vP4PUaei",
"links": [
[
"-pa",
"-pa#Finnish"
]
],
"qualifier": "emphasis",
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphasis)",
"With -pa (-pahan), expresses a particularly strong convinction that one's statement can be corroborated."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages linking to anchors not found in Appendix:Glossary",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 12 4 7 10 2 11 8 7 4 3 1 3 12 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I trust you started up the dishwasher?",
"text": "Laitoithan tiskikoneen käyntiin?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You (made sure you) showed the photos to your mother, didn't you?",
"text": "Näytithän sinä valokuvat äidillesi?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A particle appended to an indicative (or more rarely conditional or potential) verb form in order to express the speaker's wish about something"
],
"id": "en--han-fi-particle-fFXhL7PP",
"links": [
[
"indicative",
"Appendix:Glossary#indicative"
],
[
"conditional",
"Appendix:Glossary#conditional"
],
[
"potential",
"Appendix:Glossary#potential"
]
],
"qualifier": "politeness",
"raw_glosses": [
"(politeness)",
"A particle appended to an indicative (or more rarely conditional or potential) verb form in order to express the speaker's wish about something"
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Set the table, will you?",
"text": "Katathan pöydän?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"As particle used to politely ask someone to do something — i.e., to avoid the imperative."
],
"id": "en--han-fi-particle-ac1tbLOx",
"links": [
[
"imperative",
"Appendix:Glossary#imperative"
]
],
"qualifier": "politeness",
"raw_glosses": [
"(politeness)",
"As particle used to politely ask someone to do something — i.e., to avoid the imperative."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 4 12 1 10 11 3 8 4 11 5 4 1 5 9 7 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish clitics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 11 1 10 10 3 8 5 9 7 6 1 4 9 7 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 11 0 11 11 3 8 5 10 5 4 1 4 10 8 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "We could start with that.",
"text": "Mehän voisimme aloittaa sitä.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Expresses that the speaker is suggesting an idea that they just came up with; in this case, the clitic always attaches to the subject that must be the first word in the clause, and is often used with verbs in conditional mood."
],
"id": "en--han-fi-particle-MXcq6E2t",
"qualifier": "politeness",
"raw_glosses": [
"(politeness)",
"Expresses that the speaker is suggesting an idea that they just came up with; in this case, the clitic always attaches to the subject that must be the first word in the clause, and is often used with verbs in conditional mood."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You know him/her, right?",
"text": "Tunnethan sinä hänet?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Softens a question for which the speaker expects the answer to be affirmative. Note: replaces -ko; compare definition below."
],
"id": "en--han-fi-particle-y7us3I4~",
"links": [
[
"-ko",
"-ko#Finnish"
]
],
"qualifier": "politeness",
"raw_glosses": [
"(politeness)",
"Softens a question for which the speaker expects the answer to be affirmative. Note: replaces -ko; compare definition below."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Guess who rummaged the box of cookies again?",
"text": "Kukahan keksirasialla on käynyt?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in a question where the speaker expects themselves or the addressed to know the answer to. Note: replaces -ko; compare definition below."
],
"id": "en--han-fi-particle-vajSqAy1",
"links": [
[
"-ko",
"-ko#Finnish"
]
],
"qualifier": "politeness",
"raw_glosses": [
"(politeness)",
"Used in a question where the speaker expects themselves or the addressed to know the answer to. Note: replaces -ko; compare definition below."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-pa"
}
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I wonder if he put enough clothes on this morning.",
"text": "Pukeutuikohan hän tarpeeksi lämpimästi tänä aamuna?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "What on earth has actually happened, I wonder?",
"text": "Mitä(kö)hän on oikein tapahtunut?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Expresses wondering in questions, usually with -ko / -kö, or used to simply make questions more polite."
],
"id": "en--han-fi-particle-hoX7ryJY",
"links": [
[
"-ko",
"-ko#Finnish"
],
[
"-kö",
"-kö#Finnish"
]
],
"qualifier": "politeness",
"raw_glosses": [
"(politeness)",
"Expresses wondering in questions, usually with -ko / -kö, or used to simply make questions more polite."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Come on in!",
"text": "Tulkaahan sisään!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Have some more cake!",
"text": "Otahan lisää kakkua!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Softens an imperative verb, causing it to behave more like a suggestion, such as a friendly suggestion or one where the speaker expects the person addressed to do so anyway."
],
"id": "en--han-fi-particle-IFtZDqbk",
"qualifier": "politeness",
"raw_glosses": [
"(politeness)",
"Softens an imperative verb, causing it to behave more like a suggestion, such as a friendly suggestion or one where the speaker expects the person addressed to do so anyway."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 4 11 1 9 10 3 8 5 9 5 4 1 5 9 7 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 12 4 7 10 2 11 8 7 4 3 1 3 12 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 11 1 10 10 3 8 5 9 7 6 1 4 9 7 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 11 0 11 11 3 8 5 10 5 4 1 4 10 8 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Let us be friends!",
"text": "Ollaanhan ystäviä!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A particle appended to a passive or first-person plural imperative verb to express an informal proposal or suggestion."
],
"id": "en--han-fi-particle-VmEoa6-A",
"qualifier": "politeness",
"raw_glosses": [
"(politeness)",
"A particle appended to a passive or first-person plural imperative verb to express an informal proposal or suggestion."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Hey, but that went well!",
"text": "No tuohan meni hienosti!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A particle to express that the speaker had some (more or less) certain view on something but is surprised after having got to know the truth about it."
],
"id": "en--han-fi-particle-nlypKrXq",
"qualifier": "surprise",
"raw_glosses": [
"(surprise)",
"A particle to express that the speaker had some (more or less) certain view on something but is surprised after having got to know the truth about it."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You're sad about the teacher's criticism for no reason, since that painting is [emphasis] quite good.",
"text": "Olet kyllä turhaan masentunut opettajasi arvostelusta, sillä tuo maalaushan on aika hieno.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A particle to express that the speaker had some (more or less) certain view on something but is surprised at the controversial view expressed by some other person."
],
"id": "en--han-fi-particle-lA-7GjHG",
"qualifier": "surprise",
"raw_glosses": [
"(surprise)",
"A particle to express that the speaker had some (more or less) certain view on something but is surprised at the controversial view expressed by some other person."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-hɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[-hɑ̝n]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "4 4 8 1 8 6 3 7 5 7 5 8 3 6 5 11 9",
"sense": "when surprised at something, softer than -han",
"word": "-pa"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 8 1 8 6 3 7 5 7 5 8 3 6 5 11 9",
"sense": "when surprised at something, softer than -han",
"word": "-pä"
}
],
"word": "-han"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"10": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"11": "",
"12": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"13": "",
"14": "-{{{vAr}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{comp}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{sup}}}",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "",
"4": "-{{{var}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"7": "",
"8": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"9": "",
"cat2": "case suffixes",
"f2nolink": "1",
"f3nolink": "1",
"f4nolink": "1",
"f5nolink": "1",
"f6nolink": "1",
"f7nolink": "1",
"f8nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-han",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cat2": "case suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-han",
"name": "fi-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "illative singular",
"word": "-hVn"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -hVn (illative singular)."
],
"id": "en--han-fi-suffix-majzst28",
"links": [
[
"-hVn",
"-hVn#Finnish"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-kin"
},
{
"word": "-kaan"
},
{
"word": "-kään"
},
{
"english": "the same particle in words with front vowel harmony",
"word": "-hän"
},
{
"word": "-ko"
},
{
"word": "-kö"
},
{
"word": "-pa"
},
{
"word": "-pä"
},
{
"word": "-s"
}
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-hɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[-hɑ̝n]"
}
],
"word": "-han"
}
{
"categories": [
"Finnish case suffixes",
"Finnish clitics",
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish lemmas",
"Finnish particles",
"Finnish suffixes",
"Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "clitic"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From hän, dialectally (mainly in eastern and northern Finnish dialects) used as an emphatic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-hän",
"tags": [
"front-vowel"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "particle",
"3": "front vowel harmony variant",
"4": "-hän",
"5": "linguistic notation",
"6": "-hAn",
"cat2": "clitics",
"cat3": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-han (front vowel harmony variant -hän, linguistic notation -hAn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"var": "hän"
},
"expansion": "-han (front vowel harmony variant -hän, linguistic notation -hAn)",
"name": "fi-clitic"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It's been a long time since that, after all.",
"text": "Onhan siitä jo kauan aikaa.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after all, in any case, although"
],
"links": [
[
"after all",
"after all"
],
[
"in any case",
"in any case"
],
[
"although",
"although"
]
],
"qualifier": "emphasis",
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphasis)",
"after all, in any case, although"
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Well we all already knew about it.",
"text": "No senhän me jo kaikki tiesimme.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Expresses a fact that the speaker either considers obvious, or at the very least known to both the speaker and the addressed, and worth reminding someone of."
],
"qualifier": "emphasis",
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphasis)",
"Expresses a fact that the speaker either considers obvious, or at the very least known to both the speaker and the addressed, and worth reminding someone of."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "But such a thing cannot happen, right?",
"text": "Mutta eihän sellaista voi tapahtua, eihän?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I can pay with the card, right?",
"text": "Pystyyhän kortilla maksamaan?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A particle to express that the speaker has some view on something that they are willing to either confirm or question; attached to verbs, including the negative verb, and the word modified is sometimes repeated at the end of the sentence."
],
"qualifier": "emphasis",
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphasis)",
"A particle to express that the speaker has some view on something that they are willing to either confirm or question; attached to verbs, including the negative verb, and the word modified is sometimes repeated at the end of the sentence."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Hey, I'm the one who keeps order in this house!",
"text": "Tässä talossahan määrään minä!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A particle to express that the speaker is determined about or resistant towards something."
],
"qualifier": "emphasis",
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphasis)",
"A particle to express that the speaker is determined about or resistant towards something."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "No, I didn't do (it)!",
"text": "Enhän tehnyt!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Expresses disagreement, particularly in brief exclamations."
],
"qualifier": "emphasis",
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphasis)",
"Expresses disagreement, particularly in brief exclamations."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-pa"
},
{
"word": "-pas"
}
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I suppose we'll get by somehow.",
"text": "Emmeköhän me jotenkuten tule toimeen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"With a negation verb form and the enclitic particle -ko / -kö to express \"I suppose\"."
],
"links": [
[
"-ko",
"-ko#Finnish"
],
[
"-kö",
"-kö#Finnish"
]
],
"qualifier": "emphasis",
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphasis)",
"With a negation verb form and the enclitic particle -ko / -kö to express \"I suppose\"."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "At the very least I have learned something.",
"text": "Olenpahan jotain sentään oppinut.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"With -pa (-pahan), expresses a particularly strong convinction that one's statement can be corroborated."
],
"links": [
[
"-pa",
"-pa#Finnish"
]
],
"qualifier": "emphasis",
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphasis)",
"With -pa (-pahan), expresses a particularly strong convinction that one's statement can be corroborated."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples",
"Pages linking to anchors not found in Appendix:Glossary"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I trust you started up the dishwasher?",
"text": "Laitoithan tiskikoneen käyntiin?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You (made sure you) showed the photos to your mother, didn't you?",
"text": "Näytithän sinä valokuvat äidillesi?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A particle appended to an indicative (or more rarely conditional or potential) verb form in order to express the speaker's wish about something"
],
"links": [
[
"indicative",
"Appendix:Glossary#indicative"
],
[
"conditional",
"Appendix:Glossary#conditional"
],
[
"potential",
"Appendix:Glossary#potential"
]
],
"qualifier": "politeness",
"raw_glosses": [
"(politeness)",
"A particle appended to an indicative (or more rarely conditional or potential) verb form in order to express the speaker's wish about something"
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Set the table, will you?",
"text": "Katathan pöydän?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"As particle used to politely ask someone to do something — i.e., to avoid the imperative."
],
"links": [
[
"imperative",
"Appendix:Glossary#imperative"
]
],
"qualifier": "politeness",
"raw_glosses": [
"(politeness)",
"As particle used to politely ask someone to do something — i.e., to avoid the imperative."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "We could start with that.",
"text": "Mehän voisimme aloittaa sitä.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Expresses that the speaker is suggesting an idea that they just came up with; in this case, the clitic always attaches to the subject that must be the first word in the clause, and is often used with verbs in conditional mood."
],
"qualifier": "politeness",
"raw_glosses": [
"(politeness)",
"Expresses that the speaker is suggesting an idea that they just came up with; in this case, the clitic always attaches to the subject that must be the first word in the clause, and is often used with verbs in conditional mood."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You know him/her, right?",
"text": "Tunnethan sinä hänet?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Softens a question for which the speaker expects the answer to be affirmative. Note: replaces -ko; compare definition below."
],
"links": [
[
"-ko",
"-ko#Finnish"
]
],
"qualifier": "politeness",
"raw_glosses": [
"(politeness)",
"Softens a question for which the speaker expects the answer to be affirmative. Note: replaces -ko; compare definition below."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Guess who rummaged the box of cookies again?",
"text": "Kukahan keksirasialla on käynyt?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in a question where the speaker expects themselves or the addressed to know the answer to. Note: replaces -ko; compare definition below."
],
"links": [
[
"-ko",
"-ko#Finnish"
]
],
"qualifier": "politeness",
"raw_glosses": [
"(politeness)",
"Used in a question where the speaker expects themselves or the addressed to know the answer to. Note: replaces -ko; compare definition below."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-pa"
}
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I wonder if he put enough clothes on this morning.",
"text": "Pukeutuikohan hän tarpeeksi lämpimästi tänä aamuna?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "What on earth has actually happened, I wonder?",
"text": "Mitä(kö)hän on oikein tapahtunut?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Expresses wondering in questions, usually with -ko / -kö, or used to simply make questions more polite."
],
"links": [
[
"-ko",
"-ko#Finnish"
],
[
"-kö",
"-kö#Finnish"
]
],
"qualifier": "politeness",
"raw_glosses": [
"(politeness)",
"Expresses wondering in questions, usually with -ko / -kö, or used to simply make questions more polite."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Come on in!",
"text": "Tulkaahan sisään!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Have some more cake!",
"text": "Otahan lisää kakkua!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Softens an imperative verb, causing it to behave more like a suggestion, such as a friendly suggestion or one where the speaker expects the person addressed to do so anyway."
],
"qualifier": "politeness",
"raw_glosses": [
"(politeness)",
"Softens an imperative verb, causing it to behave more like a suggestion, such as a friendly suggestion or one where the speaker expects the person addressed to do so anyway."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Let us be friends!",
"text": "Ollaanhan ystäviä!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A particle appended to a passive or first-person plural imperative verb to express an informal proposal or suggestion."
],
"qualifier": "politeness",
"raw_glosses": [
"(politeness)",
"A particle appended to a passive or first-person plural imperative verb to express an informal proposal or suggestion."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Hey, but that went well!",
"text": "No tuohan meni hienosti!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A particle to express that the speaker had some (more or less) certain view on something but is surprised after having got to know the truth about it."
],
"qualifier": "surprise",
"raw_glosses": [
"(surprise)",
"A particle to express that the speaker had some (more or less) certain view on something but is surprised after having got to know the truth about it."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You're sad about the teacher's criticism for no reason, since that painting is [emphasis] quite good.",
"text": "Olet kyllä turhaan masentunut opettajasi arvostelusta, sillä tuo maalaushan on aika hieno.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A particle to express that the speaker had some (more or less) certain view on something but is surprised at the controversial view expressed by some other person."
],
"qualifier": "surprise",
"raw_glosses": [
"(surprise)",
"A particle to express that the speaker had some (more or less) certain view on something but is surprised at the controversial view expressed by some other person."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-hɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[-hɑ̝n]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "when surprised at something, softer than -han",
"word": "-pa"
},
{
"sense": "when surprised at something, softer than -han",
"word": "-pä"
}
],
"word": "-han"
}
{
"categories": [
"Finnish case suffixes",
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish lemmas",
"Finnish suffixes",
"Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"10": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"11": "",
"12": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"13": "",
"14": "-{{{vAr}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{comp}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{sup}}}",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "",
"4": "-{{{var}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"7": "",
"8": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"9": "",
"cat2": "case suffixes",
"f2nolink": "1",
"f3nolink": "1",
"f4nolink": "1",
"f5nolink": "1",
"f6nolink": "1",
"f7nolink": "1",
"f8nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-han",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cat2": "case suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-han",
"name": "fi-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-kin"
},
{
"word": "-kaan"
},
{
"word": "-kään"
},
{
"english": "the same particle in words with front vowel harmony",
"word": "-hän"
},
{
"word": "-ko"
},
{
"word": "-kö"
},
{
"word": "-pa"
},
{
"word": "-pä"
},
{
"word": "-s"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "illative singular",
"word": "-hVn"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -hVn (illative singular)."
],
"links": [
[
"-hVn",
"-hVn#Finnish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-hɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[-hɑ̝n]"
}
],
"word": "-han"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -han meaning in Finnish (13.0kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: linguistic notation -hAn",
"path": [
"-han"
],
"section": "Finnish",
"subsection": "particle",
"title": "-han",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Finnish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.