See -kin in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “too, also”",
"word": "-kaan"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “too, also”",
"word": "-kään"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-gik"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-gik",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-gi"
},
"expansion": "Estonian -gi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "-či"
},
"expansion": "Votic -či",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "-ке"
},
"expansion": "Erzya -ке (-ke)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-gik, from *-ka + suffix (possibly lative *-ik). Cognate to Estonian -gi, Votic -či. The final -n is by analogy with -kaan. The form *-gik was historically standard, and variation is found in some lexicalized terms (e.g. jotain ~ jotakin). The strong grade -k- was originally only used after consonants. Probably also related to Erzya -ке (-ke) in секе (seke, “the same”), неке (neke, “the same (plural)”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "particle",
"cat2": "clitics"
},
"expansion": "-kin",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "enclitic particle",
"3": "positive polarity"
},
"expansion": "(enclitic particle, chiefly in the positive)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "particle",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-kaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-kään"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-han"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-hän"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-ko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-kö"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-pa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-pä"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-s"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"english": "Also I ate ice-cream today. (I wasn't the only one who ate it.)",
"text": "Minäkin söin tänään jäätelöä.",
"translation": "Also I ate ice-cream today. (I wasn't the only one who ate it.)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
16,
20
],
[
31,
35
]
],
"english": "I ate ice-cream also today. (I also ate it on other days.)",
"text": "(Minä) söin tänäänkin jäätelöä.",
"translation": "I ate ice-cream also today. (I also ate it on other days.)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
30
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
6,
10
],
[
31,
35
]
],
"english": "I ate also ice-cream today. (I also ate other things.)",
"text": "(Minä) söin tänään jäätelöäkin.",
"translation": "I ate also ice-cream today. (I also ate other things.)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
29,
32
]
],
"english": "Were there many people there too?",
"text": "Oliko siellä montakin ihmistä?",
"translation": "Were there many people there too?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"also, too"
],
"id": "en--kin-fi-particle-gfFjydy1",
"links": [
[
"also",
"also"
],
[
"too",
"too"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with a nonverb) also, too"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with a nonverb",
"in the positive"
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 11 40 2 3 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish clitics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 13 39 3 4 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 39 2 4 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
32,
35
]
],
"english": "I'm not hungry, but I did just eat some ice cream.",
"text": "Minulla ei ole nälkä, mutta söinkin juuri jäätelöä.",
"translation": "I'm not hungry, but I did just eat some ice cream.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
41,
44
]
],
"english": "I wasn't supposed to be hungry, but I just ate some ice cream anyway.",
"text": "Minulla ei pitänyt olla nälkä, mutta söinkin juuri jäätelöä.",
"translation": "I wasn't supposed to be hungry, but I just ate some ice cream anyway.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
38,
41
]
],
"english": "I was supposed to go to the store, but I went to the bar instead.",
"text": "Minun piti mennä kauppaan, mutta meninkin kapakkaan.",
"translation": "I was supposed to go to the store, but I went to the bar instead.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
77,
80
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
84,
88
]
],
"english": "\"How did you get the items out of the store? You didn't have any money, did you?\" \"[Well,] I paid with a credit card.\"",
"text": "\"Kuinka sait tavarat ulos kaupasta? Eihän sinulla ollut rahaa!\" \"Minä maksoinkin luottokortilla.\"",
"translation": "\"How did you get the items out of the store? You didn't have any money, did you?\" \"[Well,] I paid with a credit card.\"",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
13
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
25,
34
]
],
"english": "The bus came late again (as always).",
"text": "Bussi tulikin taas myöhässä.",
"translation": "The bus came late again (as always).",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
16
]
],
"english": "Even though I already knew most of the things taught, the course was still interesting.",
"text": "Vaikka osasinkin jo suurimman osan opetetuista asioista, kurssi oli silti kiinnostava.",
"translation": "Even though I already knew most of the things taught, the course was still interesting.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"though, anyway, still, nonetheless, nevertheless; often not translated at all, used to emphasize an action"
],
"id": "en--kin-fi-particle-Amcj7mDn",
"links": [
[
"though",
"though"
],
[
"anyway",
"anyway"
],
[
"still",
"still"
],
[
"nonetheless",
"nonetheless"
],
[
"nevertheless",
"nevertheless"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with a verb) though, anyway, still, nonetheless, nevertheless; often not translated at all, used to emphasize an action"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with a verb",
"in the positive"
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 13 21 0 8 22 2 2 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 12 20 0 8 26 1 1 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 40 2 3 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish clitics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 13 39 3 4 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 39 2 4 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
42,
45
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
43,
50
]
],
"english": "He went to a famous school, and a good one at that.",
"text": "Hän meni kuuluisaan kouluun ja hyvään menikin.",
"translation": "He went to a famous school, and a good one at that.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"at that (in addition to what has been said; furthermore; moreover)"
],
"id": "en--kin-fi-particle-KCnzTF6X",
"links": [
[
"at that",
"at that"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"in the positive"
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"english": "Even I know how to do this!",
"text": "Minäkin osaisin tehdä tämän!",
"translation": "Even I know how to do this!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"even (implying extreme example)"
],
"id": "en--kin-fi-particle-KIs270BX",
"links": [
[
"even",
"even"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"in the positive"
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
],
[
13,
16
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"english": "Whoever that person is, they are just trying to get your attention.",
"text": "Kuka ikinä onkin, hän yrittää vain saada huomiosi.",
"translation": "Whoever that person is, they are just trying to get your attention.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ever (when used with a verb that has an interrogative pronoun, often with ikinä for emphasis)"
],
"id": "en--kin-fi-particle-a6cNHCGs",
"links": [
[
"ever",
"ever"
],
[
"ikinä",
"ikinä#Finnish"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"in the positive"
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 13 21 0 8 22 2 2 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 12 20 0 8 26 1 1 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 40 2 3 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish clitics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 13 39 3 4 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 39 2 4 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
11
]
],
"english": "It's beautiful, isn't it?",
"text": "Eikö olekin kaunis?",
"translation": "It's beautiful, isn't it?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form rhetorical questions or questions for which the speaker is seeking to have their opinion confirmed."
],
"id": "en--kin-fi-particle-pvpIm-0Y",
"raw_tags": [
"in the positive"
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "too",
"tags": [
"also"
],
"word": "myös"
}
],
"word": "-kin"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “too, also”",
"word": "-kaan"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “too, also”",
"word": "-kään"
}
],
"categories": [
"Finnish clitics",
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish lemmas",
"Finnish particles",
"Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-gik"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-gik",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-gi"
},
"expansion": "Estonian -gi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "-či"
},
"expansion": "Votic -či",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "-ке"
},
"expansion": "Erzya -ке (-ke)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-gik, from *-ka + suffix (possibly lative *-ik). Cognate to Estonian -gi, Votic -či. The final -n is by analogy with -kaan. The form *-gik was historically standard, and variation is found in some lexicalized terms (e.g. jotain ~ jotakin). The strong grade -k- was originally only used after consonants. Probably also related to Erzya -ке (-ke) in секе (seke, “the same”), неке (neke, “the same (plural)”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "particle",
"cat2": "clitics"
},
"expansion": "-kin",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "enclitic particle",
"3": "positive polarity"
},
"expansion": "(enclitic particle, chiefly in the positive)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "particle",
"related": [
{
"word": "-kaan"
},
{
"word": "-kään"
},
{
"word": "-han"
},
{
"word": "-hän"
},
{
"word": "-ko"
},
{
"word": "-kö"
},
{
"word": "-pa"
},
{
"word": "-pä"
},
{
"word": "-s"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"english": "Also I ate ice-cream today. (I wasn't the only one who ate it.)",
"text": "Minäkin söin tänään jäätelöä.",
"translation": "Also I ate ice-cream today. (I wasn't the only one who ate it.)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
16,
20
],
[
31,
35
]
],
"english": "I ate ice-cream also today. (I also ate it on other days.)",
"text": "(Minä) söin tänäänkin jäätelöä.",
"translation": "I ate ice-cream also today. (I also ate it on other days.)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
30
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
6,
10
],
[
31,
35
]
],
"english": "I ate also ice-cream today. (I also ate other things.)",
"text": "(Minä) söin tänään jäätelöäkin.",
"translation": "I ate also ice-cream today. (I also ate other things.)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
29,
32
]
],
"english": "Were there many people there too?",
"text": "Oliko siellä montakin ihmistä?",
"translation": "Were there many people there too?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"also, too"
],
"links": [
[
"also",
"also"
],
[
"too",
"too"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with a nonverb) also, too"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with a nonverb",
"in the positive"
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
32,
35
]
],
"english": "I'm not hungry, but I did just eat some ice cream.",
"text": "Minulla ei ole nälkä, mutta söinkin juuri jäätelöä.",
"translation": "I'm not hungry, but I did just eat some ice cream.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
41,
44
]
],
"english": "I wasn't supposed to be hungry, but I just ate some ice cream anyway.",
"text": "Minulla ei pitänyt olla nälkä, mutta söinkin juuri jäätelöä.",
"translation": "I wasn't supposed to be hungry, but I just ate some ice cream anyway.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
38,
41
]
],
"english": "I was supposed to go to the store, but I went to the bar instead.",
"text": "Minun piti mennä kauppaan, mutta meninkin kapakkaan.",
"translation": "I was supposed to go to the store, but I went to the bar instead.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
77,
80
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
84,
88
]
],
"english": "\"How did you get the items out of the store? You didn't have any money, did you?\" \"[Well,] I paid with a credit card.\"",
"text": "\"Kuinka sait tavarat ulos kaupasta? Eihän sinulla ollut rahaa!\" \"Minä maksoinkin luottokortilla.\"",
"translation": "\"How did you get the items out of the store? You didn't have any money, did you?\" \"[Well,] I paid with a credit card.\"",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
13
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
25,
34
]
],
"english": "The bus came late again (as always).",
"text": "Bussi tulikin taas myöhässä.",
"translation": "The bus came late again (as always).",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
16
]
],
"english": "Even though I already knew most of the things taught, the course was still interesting.",
"text": "Vaikka osasinkin jo suurimman osan opetetuista asioista, kurssi oli silti kiinnostava.",
"translation": "Even though I already knew most of the things taught, the course was still interesting.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"though, anyway, still, nonetheless, nevertheless; often not translated at all, used to emphasize an action"
],
"links": [
[
"though",
"though"
],
[
"anyway",
"anyway"
],
[
"still",
"still"
],
[
"nonetheless",
"nonetheless"
],
[
"nevertheless",
"nevertheless"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with a verb) though, anyway, still, nonetheless, nevertheless; often not translated at all, used to emphasize an action"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with a verb",
"in the positive"
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
42,
45
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
43,
50
]
],
"english": "He went to a famous school, and a good one at that.",
"text": "Hän meni kuuluisaan kouluun ja hyvään menikin.",
"translation": "He went to a famous school, and a good one at that.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"at that (in addition to what has been said; furthermore; moreover)"
],
"links": [
[
"at that",
"at that"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"in the positive"
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"english": "Even I know how to do this!",
"text": "Minäkin osaisin tehdä tämän!",
"translation": "Even I know how to do this!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"even (implying extreme example)"
],
"links": [
[
"even",
"even"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"in the positive"
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
],
[
13,
16
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"english": "Whoever that person is, they are just trying to get your attention.",
"text": "Kuka ikinä onkin, hän yrittää vain saada huomiosi.",
"translation": "Whoever that person is, they are just trying to get your attention.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ever (when used with a verb that has an interrogative pronoun, often with ikinä for emphasis)"
],
"links": [
[
"ever",
"ever"
],
[
"ikinä",
"ikinä#Finnish"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"in the positive"
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
11
]
],
"english": "It's beautiful, isn't it?",
"text": "Eikö olekin kaunis?",
"translation": "It's beautiful, isn't it?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form rhetorical questions or questions for which the speaker is seeking to have their opinion confirmed."
],
"raw_tags": [
"in the positive"
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"particle"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "too",
"tags": [
"also"
],
"word": "myös"
}
],
"word": "-kin"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -kin meaning in Finnish (7.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Finnish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.