See umlaut in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "heavy metal umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "type II fun"
}
],
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{
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},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
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{
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"2": "diacritic"
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"expansion": "sense 4",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
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{
"args": {
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{
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Umlaut"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German Umlaut",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "goh",
"3": "hlūt"
},
"expansion": "Old High German hlūt",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Umlaut in the 19ᵗʰ century, from um- or um (“around, re-, trans-”) + Laut (“sound”), from Old High German hlūt. More at loud.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "umlauts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "umlaute",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "umlaute"
},
"expansion": "umlaut (plural umlauts or umlaute)",
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}
],
"hyphenation": [
"um‧laut"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vowel harmony"
}
],
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"categories": [
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"Fundamental"
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"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1997, Matthew Piepenburg, Time and the Maiden, →ISBN, page 62:",
"text": "In fits of concealed despair that went unnoticed even by those close enough to touch, Julien cursed the language of umlauts, eszetts, and gerunds.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Roy Blount, Alphabet juice: the energies, gists, and spirits of letters:",
"text": "A tittle is more or less the same thing (the dot over an i, for instance), except that it can be traced back to Medieval Latin for a little mark over or under a letter, such as an accent ague or a cedilla. I don't know whether an umlaut is one or two tittles. Maybe it's a jot and a tittle side by side.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An assimilatory process whereby a vowel is pronounced more like a following vocoid that is separated by one or more consonants."
],
"id": "en-umlaut-en-noun-pSNZtqEa",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"assimilatory",
"assimilatory"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
],
[
"vocoid",
"vocoid"
],
[
"consonant",
"consonant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) An assimilatory process whereby a vowel is pronounced more like a following vocoid that is separated by one or more consonants."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
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},
{
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"Entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "8 21 11 28 27 1 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Diacritical marks",
"orig": "en:Diacritical marks",
"parents": [
"Letters, symbols, and punctuation",
"Symbols",
"Orthography",
"Writing",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The umlaut process (as above) that occurred historically in Germanic languages whereby back vowels became front vowels when followed by syllable containing a front vocoid (e.g. Germanic lūsiz > Old English lȳs(i) > Modern English lice)."
],
"id": "en-umlaut-en-noun-rMBCjv-N",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanic"
],
[
"lice",
"lice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) The umlaut process (as above) that occurred historically in Germanic languages whereby back vowels became front vowels when followed by syllable containing a front vocoid (e.g. Germanic lūsiz > Old English lȳs(i) > Modern English lice)."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "en:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 21 11 28 27 1 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Diacritical marks",
"orig": "en:Diacritical marks",
"parents": [
"Letters, symbols, and punctuation",
"Symbols",
"Orthography",
"Writing",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A vowel so assimilated."
],
"id": "en-umlaut-en-noun-h9epbR-T",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) A vowel so assimilated."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "muḡayyira",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مُغَيِّرَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "metafoniezh"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yuányīn biànyīn",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "元音變音 /元音变音"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "přehláska"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "omlyd"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "vokaalinmukaus"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "in German and closely related languages",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "métaphonie"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "umlauṭi",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "უმლაუტი"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "metafonía",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μεταφωνία"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hljóðvarp"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "metafonesi"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "umurauto",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "ウムラウト"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "preglas",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "преглас"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "metafonia"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "umláut",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "умла́ут"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "umljáut",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "умля́ут"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "szl",
"lang": "Silesian",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "metafonía"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "omljud"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "um-lau"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 13 38 19 7",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "affeithiad"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 9 79 5 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "vowel so assimilated",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "přehláska"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 9 79 5 1",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "vowel so assimilated",
"word": "täpitäht"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 9 79 5 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "vowel so assimilated",
"word": "Halbdoppellaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 9 79 5 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "vowel so assimilated",
"word": "Umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 9 79 5 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "vowel so assimilated",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umgelauteter Vokal"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Orthography",
"orig": "en:Orthography",
"parents": [
"Writing",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 21 11 28 27 1 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Diacritical marks",
"orig": "en:Diacritical marks",
"parents": [
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"Symbols",
"Orthography",
"Writing",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The diacritical mark ( ¨ ) placed over a vowel when it indicates a (rounded) front vowel"
],
"id": "en-umlaut-en-noun-en:diacritic",
"links": [
[
"orthography",
"orthography"
],
[
"diacritical mark",
"diacritical mark"
],
[
"¨",
"¨"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
],
[
"round",
"round"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(orthography) The diacritical mark ( ¨ ) placed over a vowel when it indicates a (rounded) front vowel"
],
"senseid": [
"en:diacritic"
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"orthography",
"publishing",
"writing"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "muḡayyira",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مُغَيِّرَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "umljáŭt",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "умля́ўт"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "umláut",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "умла́ут"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fēnyīn fúhào",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "分音符號 /分音符号"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fēnyīnfú",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "分音符"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "omlyd"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "umlaŭto"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "surdupunkto"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "täpid"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "treema"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "tréma"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "umlauṭi",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "უმლაუტი"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Umlautzeichen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "dialytiká",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "διαλυτικά"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "אומלאוט"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "tréma"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tvídepill"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlabht"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "umurauto",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "ウムラウト"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "umlaut",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "умлаут"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "umnauteu",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "움라우트"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "preglas",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "преглас"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "omlyd"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "omlyd"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trema"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "umláut",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "умла́ут"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "umljáut",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "умля́ут"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "dve bodky"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diéresis"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "omljud"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "umláut",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "умла́ут"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "dấu um-lau"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "vokät"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 98 1",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "didolnod"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Orthography",
"orig": "en:Orthography",
"parents": [
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"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
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"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 21 11 28 27 1 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Diacritical marks",
"orig": "en:Diacritical marks",
"parents": [
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"Orthography",
"Writing",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "\"Naïve\" takes an umlaut because it is pronounced as two syllables.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of diaeresis"
],
"id": "en-umlaut-en-noun-en:diaeresis",
"links": [
[
"orthography",
"orthography"
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[
"diaeresis",
"diaeresis#English"
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"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, orthography) Synonym of diaeresis"
],
"senseid": [
"en:diaeresis"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "diaeresis"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"orthography",
"publishing",
"writing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʊm.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʌmlaʊt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʊm.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈumlaʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-umlaut.ogg",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/En-us-umlaut.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
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"writing",
"journalism",
"literature",
"communications",
"publishing",
"media"
],
"word": "trema"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"topics": [
"linguistics",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "vowel mutation"
}
],
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}
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{
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"name": "uder"
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],
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{
"form": "umlauts",
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{
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{
"form": "umlauted",
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{
"ref": "1989, Elizabeth A. Edwards, “A Computer Column for All Seasons”, in Margaret S. Boone, editor, Practicing Anthropology, volume 11, number 2:",
"text": "We kept some of the foreign alphabet symbols such as the accented and umlauted vowels and Greek letters and used the rest of the space for more esoteric linguistic symbols such as \"barred-l,\" and \"engma.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"(transitive) To place an umlaut over (a vowel)."
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"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Linguistics",
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{
"text": "an umlauting vowel",
"type": "example"
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{
"ref": "1980, Frederick B. Agard, The Genealogy of the French Language, published in Contributions to historical linguistics, →ISBN, page 222:",
"text": "These, together with (some) Romansh lects, belong to our West Rhaetian; the /ȫ/ also supported by two lects from the Ticino which by our criteria are NWIt, and by the partially umlauting lects of Lombardy which together with (some) Engadine lects belong to our East Rhaetian.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To modify (a word) so that an umlaut is required in it."
],
"id": "en-umlaut-en-verb-eSlX7xve",
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[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics, transitive) To modify (a word) so that an umlaut is required in it."
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"transitive"
],
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"ipa": "/ˈʊm.laʊt/",
"tags": [
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{
"ipa": "/ˈʌmlaʊt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʊm.laʊt/",
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{
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{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
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{
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"English undefined derivations",
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"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Georgian translations",
"Requests for review of Hungarian translations",
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"Rhymes:English/aʊt/2 syllables",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Silesian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Diacritical marks"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "heavy metal umlaut"
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{
"word": "type II fun"
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"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Umlaut in the 19ᵗʰ century, from um- or um (“around, re-, trans-”) + Laut (“sound”), from Old High German hlūt. More at loud.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "umlauts",
"tags": [
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"ref": "1997, Matthew Piepenburg, Time and the Maiden, →ISBN, page 62:",
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"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Roy Blount, Alphabet juice: the energies, gists, and spirits of letters:",
"text": "A tittle is more or less the same thing (the dot over an i, for instance), except that it can be traced back to Medieval Latin for a little mark over or under a letter, such as an accent ague or a cedilla. I don't know whether an umlaut is one or two tittles. Maybe it's a jot and a tittle side by side.",
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}
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[
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"(linguistics) An assimilatory process whereby a vowel is pronounced more like a following vocoid that is separated by one or more consonants."
],
"topics": [
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"linguistics",
"sciences"
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},
{
"categories": [
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],
"glosses": [
"The umlaut process (as above) that occurred historically in Germanic languages whereby back vowels became front vowels when followed by syllable containing a front vocoid (e.g. Germanic lūsiz > Old English lȳs(i) > Modern English lice)."
],
"links": [
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],
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"(linguistics) The umlaut process (as above) that occurred historically in Germanic languages whereby back vowels became front vowels when followed by syllable containing a front vocoid (e.g. Germanic lūsiz > Old English lȳs(i) > Modern English lice)."
],
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"glosses": [
"A vowel so assimilated."
],
"links": [
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"linguistics"
]
],
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"(linguistics) A vowel so assimilated."
],
"topics": [
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"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Orthography"
],
"glosses": [
"The diacritical mark ( ¨ ) placed over a vowel when it indicates a (rounded) front vowel"
],
"links": [
[
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"orthography"
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[
"diacritical mark",
"diacritical mark"
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[
"¨",
"¨"
],
[
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"vowel"
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[
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"round"
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],
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"(orthography) The diacritical mark ( ¨ ) placed over a vowel when it indicates a (rounded) front vowel"
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"writing"
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"English terms with usage examples",
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],
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"text": "\"Naïve\" takes an umlaut because it is pronounced as two syllables.",
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{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "diaeresis"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"orthography",
"publishing",
"writing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʊm.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʌmlaʊt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʊm.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈumlaʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-umlaut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/En-us-umlaut.ogg/En-us-umlaut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/En-us-umlaut.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"topics": [
"orthography",
"writing",
"journalism",
"literature",
"communications",
"publishing",
"media"
],
"word": "trema"
},
{
"topics": [
"linguistics",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "vowel mutation"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "muḡayyira",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مُغَيِّرَة"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "metafoniezh"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yuányīn biànyīn",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "元音變音 /元音变音"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "přehláska"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "omlyd"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "vokaalinmukaus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "in German and closely related languages",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "métaphonie"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "umlauṭi",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "უმლაუტი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Umlaut"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "metafonía",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μεταφωνία"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hljóðvarp"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "metafonesi"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "umurauto",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "ウムラウト"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "preglas",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "преглас"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "metafonia"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "umláut",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "умла́ут"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "umljáut",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "умля́ут"
},
{
"code": "szl",
"lang": "Silesian",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "metafonía"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "omljud"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "um-lau"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "affeithiad"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "vowel so assimilated",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "přehláska"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "vowel so assimilated",
"word": "täpitäht"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "vowel so assimilated",
"word": "Halbdoppellaut"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "vowel so assimilated",
"word": "Umlaut"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "vowel so assimilated",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umgelauteter Vokal"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "muḡayyira",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مُغَيِّرَة"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "umljáŭt",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "умля́ўт"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "umláut",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "умла́ут"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fēnyīn fúhào",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "分音符號 /分音符号"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fēnyīnfú",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "分音符"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "omlyd"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "umlaŭto"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "surdupunkto"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "täpid"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "treema"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "tréma"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "umlauṭi",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "უმლაუტი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Umlaut"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Umlautzeichen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "dialytiká",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "διαλυτικά"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "אומלאוט"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "tréma"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tvídepill"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlabht"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "umurauto",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "ウムラウト"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "umlaut",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "умлаут"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "umnauteu",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "움라우트"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "preglas",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "преглас"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "omlyd"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "omlyd"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trema"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "umláut",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "умла́ут"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "umljáut",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "умля́ут"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "dve bodky"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diéresis"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "omljud"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "umláut",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "умла́ут"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "dấu um-lau"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "vokät"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "didolnod"
}
],
"word": "umlaut"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from German",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Old High German",
"English undefined derivations",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Georgian translations",
"Requests for review of Hungarian translations",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt/2 syllables",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Silesian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Diacritical marks"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "diacritic"
},
"expansion": "sense 4",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "diacritic"
},
"expansion": "sense 4",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "diacritic"
},
"expansion": "sense 4",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Umlaut"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German Umlaut",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "goh",
"3": "hlūt"
},
"expansion": "Old High German hlūt",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Umlaut in the 19ᵗʰ century, from um- or um (“around, re-, trans-”) + Laut (“sound”), from Old High German hlūt. More at loud.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "umlauts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "umlauting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "umlauted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "umlauted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "umlaut (third-person singular simple present umlauts, present participle umlauting, simple past and past participle umlauted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"um‧laut"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "diaeresis"
},
{
"word": "dieresis"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1989, Elizabeth A. Edwards, “A Computer Column for All Seasons”, in Margaret S. Boone, editor, Practicing Anthropology, volume 11, number 2:",
"text": "We kept some of the foreign alphabet symbols such as the accented and umlauted vowels and Greek letters and used the rest of the space for more esoteric linguistic symbols such as \"barred-l,\" and \"engma.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To place an umlaut over (a vowel)."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To place an umlaut over (a vowel)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Linguistics"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "an umlauting vowel",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1980, Frederick B. Agard, The Genealogy of the French Language, published in Contributions to historical linguistics, →ISBN, page 222:",
"text": "These, together with (some) Romansh lects, belong to our West Rhaetian; the /ȫ/ also supported by two lects from the Ticino which by our criteria are NWIt, and by the partially umlauting lects of Lombardy which together with (some) Engadine lects belong to our East Rhaetian.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To modify (a word) so that an umlaut is required in it."
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics, transitive) To modify (a word) so that an umlaut is required in it."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʊm.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʌmlaʊt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʊm.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈumlaʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-umlaut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/En-us-umlaut.ogg/En-us-umlaut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/En-us-umlaut.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
}
],
"word": "umlaut"
}
Download raw JSONL data for umlaut meaning in English (20.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (b81b832 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.