See umlaut in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for umlaut meaning in English (18.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "heavy metal umlaut"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Umlaut"
},
"expansion": "German Umlaut",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "um-",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "um-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "um",
"3": "",
"4": "around, re-, trans-"
},
"expansion": "um (“around, re-, trans-”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Laut",
"3": "",
"4": "sound"
},
"expansion": "Laut (“sound”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "goh",
"3": "hlūt"
},
"expansion": "Old High German hlūt",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "umbe",
"3": "umb"
},
"expansion": "umb",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "loud"
},
"expansion": "loud",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German Umlaut in the 19ᵗʰ century, from um- or um (“around, re-, trans-”) + Laut (“sound”), from Old High German hlūt. More at umb, loud.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "umlauts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "umlaute",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "umlaute"
},
"expansion": "umlaut (plural umlauts or umlaute)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vowel harmony"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "en:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An assimilatory process whereby a vowel is pronounced more like a following vocoid that is separated by one or more consonants."
],
"id": "en-umlaut-en-noun-pSNZtqEa",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"assimilatory",
"assimilatory"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
],
[
"vocoid",
"vocoid"
],
[
"consonant",
"consonant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) An assimilatory process whereby a vowel is pronounced more like a following vocoid that is separated by one or more consonants."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "en:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 32 14 34 6 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 36 10 39 5 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 40 15 23 6 3 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The umlaut process (as above) that occurred historically in Germanic languages whereby back vowels became front vowels when followed by syllable containing a front vocoid (e.g. Germanic lūsiz > Old English lȳs(i) > Modern English lice)."
],
"id": "en-umlaut-en-noun-rMBCjv-N",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanic"
],
[
"lice",
"lice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) The umlaut process (as above) that occurred historically in Germanic languages whereby back vowels became front vowels when followed by syllable containing a front vocoid (e.g. Germanic lūsiz > Old English lȳs(i) > Modern English lice)."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "en:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 32 14 34 6 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 36 10 39 5 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A vowel so assimilated."
],
"id": "en-umlaut-en-noun-h9epbR-T",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) A vowel so assimilated."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "metafoniezh"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "元音變音"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yuányīn biànyīn",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "元音变音"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "přehláska"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "vokaalinmukaus"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "in German and closely related languages",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "métaphonie"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "umlauṭi",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "უმლაუტი"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "metafonía",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μεταφωνία"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "metafonesi"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "umurauto",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "ウムラウト"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "preglas",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "преглас"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "metafonia"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "umláut",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "умла́ут"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "umljáut",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "умля́ут"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "metafonía"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "omljud"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 12 35 24 7",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "affeithiad"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 78 10 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "vowel so assimilated",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "přehláska"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 78 10 2",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "vowel so assimilated",
"word": "täpitäht"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 78 10 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "vowel so assimilated",
"word": "Halbdoppellaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 78 10 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "vowel so assimilated",
"word": "Umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 78 10 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "vowel so assimilated",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umgelauteter Vokal"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Orthography",
"orig": "en:Orthography",
"parents": [
"Writing",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 32 14 34 6 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 36 10 39 5 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 8 44 28 1 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Diacritical marks",
"orig": "en:Diacritical marks",
"parents": [
"Letters, symbols, and punctuation",
"Symbols",
"Orthography",
"Writing",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The diacritical mark ( ¨ ) placed over a vowel when it indicates a (rounded) front vowel"
],
"id": "en-umlaut-en-noun-rxiybRcI",
"links": [
[
"orthography",
"orthography"
],
[
"diacritical mark",
"diacritical mark"
],
[
"¨",
"¨"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
],
[
"round",
"round"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(orthography) The diacritical mark ( ¨ ) placed over a vowel when it indicates a (rounded) front vowel"
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"orthography",
"publishing",
"writing"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "umláut",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "умла́ут"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "分音符號"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fēnyīn fúhào",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "分音符号"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fēnyīnfú",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "分音符"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "omlyd"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "umlaŭto"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "surdupunkto"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "täpid"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "treema"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "tréma"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "dialytiká",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "διαλυτικά"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "אומלאוט"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "tréma"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tvídepill"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlabht"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "umurauto",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "ウムラウト"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "umlaut",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "умлаут"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "umnauteu",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "움라우트"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "preglas",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "преглас"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "omlyd"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trema"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "umláut",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "умла́ут"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "umljáut",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "умля́ут"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "dve bodky"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diéresis"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "omljud"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "umláut",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "умла́ут"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "vokät"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 17 4 67 10",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "didolnod"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Orthography",
"orig": "en:Orthography",
"parents": [
"Writing",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "\"Naïve\" takes an umlaut because it is pronounced as two syllables."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A diaeresis."
],
"id": "en-umlaut-en-noun-czaMwrV8",
"links": [
[
"orthography",
"orthography"
],
[
"diaeresis",
"diaeresis#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, orthography) A diaeresis."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"orthography",
"publishing",
"writing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʊm.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʌm.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʊm.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈum.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-umlaut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/En-us-umlaut.ogg/En-us-umlaut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/En-us-umlaut.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"topics": [
"orthography",
"writing",
"journalism",
"literature",
"communications",
"publishing",
"media"
],
"word": "trema"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"topics": [
"linguistics",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "vowel mutation"
}
],
"word": "umlaut"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Umlaut"
},
"expansion": "German Umlaut",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "um-",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "um-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "um",
"3": "",
"4": "around, re-, trans-"
},
"expansion": "um (“around, re-, trans-”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Laut",
"3": "",
"4": "sound"
},
"expansion": "Laut (“sound”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "goh",
"3": "hlūt"
},
"expansion": "Old High German hlūt",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "umbe",
"3": "umb"
},
"expansion": "umb",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "loud"
},
"expansion": "loud",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German Umlaut in the 19ᵗʰ century, from um- or um (“around, re-, trans-”) + Laut (“sound”), from Old High German hlūt. More at umb, loud.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "umlauts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "umlauting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "umlauted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "umlauted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "umlaut (third-person singular simple present umlauts, present participle umlauting, simple past and past participle umlauted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "diaeresis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dieresis"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To place an umlaut over (a vowel)."
],
"id": "en-umlaut-en-verb-sqhR1-eG",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To place an umlaut over (a vowel)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "en:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "an umlauting vowel",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To modify (a word) so that an umlaut is required in it."
],
"id": "en-umlaut-en-verb-eSlX7xve",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics, transitive) To modify (a word) so that an umlaut is required in it."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʊm.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʌm.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʊm.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈum.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-umlaut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/En-us-umlaut.ogg/En-us-umlaut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/En-us-umlaut.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "umlaut"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from German",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Old High German",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English undefined derivations",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Georgian translations",
"Requests for review of Hungarian translations",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt/2 syllables",
"en:Diacritical marks"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "heavy metal umlaut"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Umlaut"
},
"expansion": "German Umlaut",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "um-",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "um-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "um",
"3": "",
"4": "around, re-, trans-"
},
"expansion": "um (“around, re-, trans-”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Laut",
"3": "",
"4": "sound"
},
"expansion": "Laut (“sound”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "goh",
"3": "hlūt"
},
"expansion": "Old High German hlūt",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "umbe",
"3": "umb"
},
"expansion": "umb",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "loud"
},
"expansion": "loud",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German Umlaut in the 19ᵗʰ century, from um- or um (“around, re-, trans-”) + Laut (“sound”), from Old High German hlūt. More at umb, loud.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "umlauts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "umlaute",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "umlaute"
},
"expansion": "umlaut (plural umlauts or umlaute)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "vowel harmony"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Linguistics"
],
"glosses": [
"An assimilatory process whereby a vowel is pronounced more like a following vocoid that is separated by one or more consonants."
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"assimilatory",
"assimilatory"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
],
[
"vocoid",
"vocoid"
],
[
"consonant",
"consonant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) An assimilatory process whereby a vowel is pronounced more like a following vocoid that is separated by one or more consonants."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Linguistics"
],
"glosses": [
"The umlaut process (as above) that occurred historically in Germanic languages whereby back vowels became front vowels when followed by syllable containing a front vocoid (e.g. Germanic lūsiz > Old English lȳs(i) > Modern English lice)."
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanic"
],
[
"lice",
"lice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) The umlaut process (as above) that occurred historically in Germanic languages whereby back vowels became front vowels when followed by syllable containing a front vocoid (e.g. Germanic lūsiz > Old English lȳs(i) > Modern English lice)."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Linguistics"
],
"glosses": [
"A vowel so assimilated."
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) A vowel so assimilated."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Orthography"
],
"glosses": [
"The diacritical mark ( ¨ ) placed over a vowel when it indicates a (rounded) front vowel"
],
"links": [
[
"orthography",
"orthography"
],
[
"diacritical mark",
"diacritical mark"
],
[
"¨",
"¨"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
],
[
"round",
"round"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(orthography) The diacritical mark ( ¨ ) placed over a vowel when it indicates a (rounded) front vowel"
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"orthography",
"publishing",
"writing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"en:Orthography"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "\"Naïve\" takes an umlaut because it is pronounced as two syllables."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A diaeresis."
],
"links": [
[
"orthography",
"orthography"
],
[
"diaeresis",
"diaeresis#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, orthography) A diaeresis."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"orthography",
"publishing",
"writing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʊm.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʌm.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʊm.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈum.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-umlaut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/En-us-umlaut.ogg/En-us-umlaut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/En-us-umlaut.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"topics": [
"orthography",
"writing",
"journalism",
"literature",
"communications",
"publishing",
"media"
],
"word": "trema"
},
{
"topics": [
"linguistics",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "vowel mutation"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "metafoniezh"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "元音變音"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yuányīn biànyīn",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "元音变音"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "přehláska"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "vokaalinmukaus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "in German and closely related languages",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "métaphonie"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "umlauṭi",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "უმლაუტი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Umlaut"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "metafonía",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μεταφωνία"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "metafonesi"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "umurauto",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "ウムラウト"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "preglas",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "преглас"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "metafonia"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "umláut",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "умла́ут"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "umljáut",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"word": "умля́ут"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "metafonía"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "omljud"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "partial assimilation of a vowel",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "affeithiad"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "vowel so assimilated",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "přehláska"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "vowel so assimilated",
"word": "täpitäht"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "vowel so assimilated",
"word": "Halbdoppellaut"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "vowel so assimilated",
"word": "Umlaut"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "vowel so assimilated",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umgelauteter Vokal"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "umláut",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "умла́ут"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "分音符號"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fēnyīn fúhào",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "分音符号"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fēnyīnfú",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "分音符"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "omlyd"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "umlaŭto"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "surdupunkto"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "täpid"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "treema"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "tréma"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Umlaut"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "dialytiká",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "διαλυτικά"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "אומלאוט"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "tréma"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tvídepill"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlabht"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "umurauto",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "ウムラウト"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "umlaut",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "умлаут"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "umnauteu",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "움라우트"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "preglas",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "преглас"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "omlyd"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trema"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "umláut",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "умла́ут"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "umljáut",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "умля́ут"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "dve bodky"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "diéresis"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "omljud"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "umlaut"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "umláut",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "умла́ут"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"word": "vokät"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "diacritical mark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "didolnod"
}
],
"word": "umlaut"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from German",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Old High German",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English undefined derivations",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Georgian translations",
"Requests for review of Hungarian translations",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt/2 syllables",
"en:Diacritical marks"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Umlaut"
},
"expansion": "German Umlaut",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "um-",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "um-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "um",
"3": "",
"4": "around, re-, trans-"
},
"expansion": "um (“around, re-, trans-”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Laut",
"3": "",
"4": "sound"
},
"expansion": "Laut (“sound”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "goh",
"3": "hlūt"
},
"expansion": "Old High German hlūt",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "umbe",
"3": "umb"
},
"expansion": "umb",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "loud"
},
"expansion": "loud",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German Umlaut in the 19ᵗʰ century, from um- or um (“around, re-, trans-”) + Laut (“sound”), from Old High German hlūt. More at umb, loud.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "umlauts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "umlauting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "umlauted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "umlauted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "umlaut (third-person singular simple present umlauts, present participle umlauting, simple past and past participle umlauted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "diaeresis"
},
{
"word": "dieresis"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To place an umlaut over (a vowel)."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To place an umlaut over (a vowel)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Linguistics"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "an umlauting vowel",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To modify (a word) so that an umlaut is required in it."
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics, transitive) To modify (a word) so that an umlaut is required in it."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʊm.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʌm.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʊm.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈum.laʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-umlaut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/En-us-umlaut.ogg/En-us-umlaut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/En-us-umlaut.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "umlaut"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (ae36afe and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.