See spray in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for spray meaning in English (68.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bear spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bidet spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "body spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "breath spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bug spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "capiscum spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "capsicum spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cooking spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "feather spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fly spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hair spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nasal spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "OC spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pepper spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pepper-spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pool spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "salt spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "salt spray test"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spray bottle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spray bow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spray can"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spray cheese"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spray condenser"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spray drain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spray-dry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spray foam"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spray gun"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spray paint"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spray tan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vanishing spray"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "spraji",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: spraji",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: spraji"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "sprey",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: sprey",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: sprey"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "spraien",
"4": "sprāien"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch sprāien",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sprēwijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to spray, sprinkle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sprēwijaną (“to spray, sprinkle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)per-",
"4": "",
"5": "to sow, scatter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)per- (“to sow, scatter”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "spræjen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German spræjen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "sproeien",
"3": "",
"4": "to spray, sprinkle"
},
"expansion": "Dutch sproeien (“to spray, sprinkle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "sprühen",
"3": "",
"4": "to spray, sparkle"
},
"expansion": "German sprühen (“to spray, sparkle”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch sprāien, sprayen, spraeyen (“to spray, sprinkle, spread”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *sprēwijaną (“to spray, sprinkle”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)per- (“to sow, scatter”). Cognate with Middle High German spræjen, spræwen (“to squirt, spray, dust, splash, straw”), Danish dialectal språe (“to open up, burst forth”), Swedish dialectal språ (“to sprout, shoot forth, burst”), Norwegian dialectal spra, spræ (“to splash, splatter, spout, burst forth”), Dutch sproeien (“to spray, sprinkle”), German sprühen (“to spray, sparkle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sprays",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "spray (countable and uncountable, plural sprays)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 3 3 4 10 10 8 8 4 1 2 4 2 4 3 1 2 4 8 2 2 5 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Liquids",
"orig": "en:Liquids",
"parents": [
"Matter",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The sailor could feel the spray from the waves.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1952, Nikos Kazantzakis, chapter 1, in Carl Wildman, transl., Zorba the Greek, New York, N.Y.: Simon & Schuster, translation of Βίος και πολιτεία του Αλέξη Ζορμπά [Víos kai politeía tou Aléxi Zormpá], page 3",
"text": "A strong sirocco was blowing the spray from the waves as far as the little café, whose glass doors were shut. The café reeked of brewing sage and human beings whose breath steamed the windows because of the cold outside.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid."
],
"id": "en-spray-en-noun-a6dEJu54",
"links": [
[
"mist",
"mist"
],
[
"liquid",
"liquid"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "cʻayt",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "ցայտ"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prǎski",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "пръски"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "sprajo"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "sumu"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "usva"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "embrun"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gouttelette"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sprühnebel"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "psicháles",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "ψιχάλες"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "psekasmós",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ψεκασμός"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "permet"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "rehu"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "tózhool"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mgiełka"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "borrifo"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "esprei"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vodjanája pylʹ",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "водяна́я пыль"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "brýzgi",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "бры́зги"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aerosol"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "difusión"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "serpinti"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "çisenti"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 4 2 2 6 3 3 3 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "aerosol"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Something resembling a spray of liquid."
],
"id": "en-spray-en-noun-0AEHBDsu",
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) Something resembling a spray of liquid."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A pressurized container; an atomizer."
],
"id": "en-spray-en-noun-zcTpFNXq",
"links": [
[
"atomizer",
"atomizer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A pressurized container; an atomizer."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "spray can"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prǎskačka",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пръскачка"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pulverizator",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пулверизатор"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "噴霧器"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pēnwùqì",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "喷雾器"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sprej"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "sprajilo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "suihkepullo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "suihke"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pulvérisateur"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vaporisateur"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "supurē",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "スプレー"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seupeurei",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "스프레이"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "esprey",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "اسپری"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spraj"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sprej"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "esprei"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pulʹverizátor",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пульвериза́тор"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raspylítelʹ",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "распыли́тель"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oprýskivatelʹ",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "опры́скиватель"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sprɛj",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спрей"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razbrýzgivatelʹ",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "разбры́згиватель"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "brýzgalka",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"feminine"
],
"word": "бры́згалка"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prýskalka",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"feminine"
],
"word": "пры́скалка"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pšíkalka",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"feminine"
],
"word": "пши́калка"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espray"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aerosol"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sprayburk"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sprejburk"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "siptergeç",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "сиптергеч"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 87 4 2 1 1 1 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "sprey"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 1 5 8 7 4 8 8 7 3 3 4 5 8 5 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of numerous commercial products, including paints, cosmetics, and insecticides, that are dispensed from containers in this manner."
],
"id": "en-spray-en-noun-CISeWiCo",
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) Any of numerous commercial products, including paints, cosmetics, and insecticides, that are dispensed from containers in this manner."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "spray can"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 64 2 10 9 10 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sprej",
"sense": "commercial product",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спрей"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 64 2 10 9 10 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "commercial product",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sprej"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 64 2 10 9 10 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "commercial product",
"word": "suihke"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 64 2 10 9 10 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "commercial product",
"word": "spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 64 2 10 9 10 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "commercial product",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pulvérisation"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 64 2 10 9 10 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "commercial product",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 64 2 10 9 10 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "commercial product",
"word": "spray"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 64 2 10 9 10 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "commercial product",
"word": "spré"
},
{
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{
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},
{
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},
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],
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},
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}
]
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 5 4 9 8 9 2 2 3 5 9 4 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tatar translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 5 4 9 9 9 2 2 3 5 9 5 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 6 4 9 9 9 2 2 3 5 9 4 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 6 4 9 9 9 2 3 3 5 9 5 5 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Walloon translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2015, Herbert Bos, Fabian Monrose, Gregory Blanc, Research in Attacks, Intrusions, and Defenses: 18th International Symposium",
"text": "This approach would be altered for an optimal omelette based exploit. One would spray the heap with the omelette code solely, then load a single copy of the additional shellcode eggs into memory outside the target region for the spray.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The allocation and filling of blocks of memory with the same byte sequence, hoping to establish that sequence in a certain predetermined location as part of an exploit."
],
"id": "en-spray-en-noun-GpnSnuwr",
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"allocation",
"allocation"
],
[
"fill",
"fill"
],
[
"exploit",
"exploit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computing, countable) The allocation and filling of blocks of memory with the same byte sequence, hoping to establish that sequence in a certain predetermined location as part of an exploit."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Australian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 0 5 5 5 5 14 12 12 1 1 2 4 12 4 5 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 5 4 9 8 9 2 2 3 5 9 5 6 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 6 4 9 9 9 2 2 3 5 9 4 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Assamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 5 6 5 4 8 7 7 2 3 7 2 4 2 2 3 4 7 3 5 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 5 7 6 5 8 8 8 2 2 3 7 9 4 6 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 5 6 5 5 11 10 13 1 2 2 5 10 4 6 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 6 6 5 4 10 9 9 2 2 3 4 10 4 6 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 5 5 5 4 8 7 8 2 3 7 2 4 2 2 3 4 7 3 5 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 6 6 5 4 10 10 9 2 2 3 4 10 4 6 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 5 5 9 8 9 2 2 3 5 9 4 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 5 4 9 8 9 2 2 3 5 9 4 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 4 6 8 5 8 7 7 1 3 6 2 5 1 2 2 5 8 3 4 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 6 4 9 9 9 2 2 3 5 9 4 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 6 6 5 4 10 9 9 2 2 3 4 9 4 6 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Navajo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 6 4 9 8 8 2 3 3 5 9 5 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 0 6 6 6 3 13 13 12 1 1 2 3 13 3 4 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 5 8 7 4 8 8 7 3 3 4 5 8 5 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 6 5 4 9 8 10 2 2 3 5 8 4 7 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 6 6 5 4 10 9 9 2 2 3 4 9 4 6 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Quechua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 6 6 5 5 11 10 9 2 2 3 4 10 4 6 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 5 5 10 8 9 2 2 3 5 9 4 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 5 4 9 8 9 2 2 3 5 9 4 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tatar translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 5 4 9 9 9 2 2 3 5 9 5 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 6 4 9 9 9 2 2 3 5 9 4 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 6 4 9 9 9 2 3 3 5 9 5 5 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Walloon translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2008, Robert Harvey, Harves: Strength Through Loyalty, Macmillan Publishers Aus., page 119",
"text": "On match days he could give a good spray, and in many ways he was an old-fashioned coach, having learned a lot of his approach from Ron Barassi.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Kevin Hillier, Rocket Science: The Biography of Rodney Eade, Macmillan Publishers Aus., page 151",
"text": "Expectations of what they will put up with have changed and a big spray probably doesn't have the effect it used to have. It certainly worked for me, I would get really aggressive and get fired up 'cause it's a motivational device they used.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2018, Paul Amy, Fabulous Fred: The Strife and Times of Fred Cook, Melbourne Books",
"text": "He could give a bloody good spray, Bricey,' Cook says. 'He'd be frothing at the mouth after he'd finished.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A loud scolding or reprimand, usually delivered by a sports coach or similar figure."
],
"id": "en-spray-en-noun-MQ~8b-xt",
"links": [
[
"scolding",
"scolding"
],
[
"reprimand",
"reprimand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Australia) A loud scolding or reprimand, usually delivered by a sports coach or similar figure."
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/spɹeɪ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪ"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-spray.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-us-spray.ogg/En-us-spray.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-us-spray.ogg"
}
],
"word": "spray"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "say it, don't spray it"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sprayable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spray and pray"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spray-on"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "spraien",
"4": "sprāien"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch sprāien",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sprēwijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to spray, sprinkle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sprēwijaną (“to spray, sprinkle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)per-",
"4": "",
"5": "to sow, scatter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)per- (“to sow, scatter”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "spræjen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German spræjen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "sproeien",
"3": "",
"4": "to spray, sprinkle"
},
"expansion": "Dutch sproeien (“to spray, sprinkle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "sprühen",
"3": "",
"4": "to spray, sparkle"
},
"expansion": "German sprühen (“to spray, sparkle”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch sprāien, sprayen, spraeyen (“to spray, sprinkle, spread”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *sprēwijaną (“to spray, sprinkle”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)per- (“to sow, scatter”). Cognate with Middle High German spræjen, spræwen (“to squirt, spray, dust, splash, straw”), Danish dialectal språe (“to open up, burst forth”), Swedish dialectal språ (“to sprout, shoot forth, burst”), Norwegian dialectal spra, spræ (“to splash, splatter, spout, burst forth”), Dutch sproeien (“to spray, sprinkle”), German sprühen (“to spray, sparkle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sprays",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spraying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sprayed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sprayed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spray (third-person singular simple present sprays, present participle spraying, simple past and past participle sprayed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The firemen sprayed the house.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Using a water cannon, the national guard sprayed the protesters.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To project a liquid in a dispersive manner toward something."
],
"id": "en-spray-en-verb-2piOEGfu",
"links": [
[
"project",
"project"
],
[
"dispersive",
"dispersive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To project a liquid in a dispersive manner toward something."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "cʻoġel",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "ցողել"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "srskel",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "սրսկել"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "xĩsa",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "সিঁচা"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "sotiüa",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "ছটিওৱা"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prǎskam",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "пръскам"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozprášit"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "spraye"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "forstøve"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "oversprøjte"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "spruĉi"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "spraji"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "suihkuttaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "sumuttaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "pulvériser"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "vaporiser"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "asperger"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "versprühen"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "zerstäuben"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "psekázo",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "ψεκάζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rantízo",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "ραντίζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "permetez"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "polverizzare"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
],
"word": "سمبور"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
],
"word": "سمڤروت"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"Rumi"
],
"word": "sembur"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"Rumi"
],
"word": "semperut"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "uwhiuwhi"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rozpylać"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozpylić"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "opryskiwać"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "opryskać"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "borrifar"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "ch'allay"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raspyljátʹ",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "распыля́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raspylítʹ",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "распыли́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razbrýzgivatʹ",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разбры́згивать"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razbrýzgatʹ",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разбры́згать"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "rociar"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "pulverizar"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "atomizar"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "asperjar"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "püskürtmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "phun"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 29 9 5 7 1 2 3 1",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "xịt"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Spray some ointment on that scratch.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The water sprayed out of the hose.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To project in a dispersive manner."
],
"id": "en-spray-en-verb-sckd7L5J",
"raw_glosses": [
"(ergative) To project in a dispersive manner."
],
"tags": [
"ergative"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2019 November 21, Samanth Subramanian, “How our home delivery habit reshaped the world”, in The Guardian",
"text": "The sprawl of sheds like Magna Parks 1 to 3 are a particularly vivid measure, because they host the final moment of relative stasis for millions of products that are then sprayed out to homes in every direction.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 14, Jonathan Freedland, “Obama's once hip brand is now tainted”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 1, page 18",
"text": "Now we are liberal with our innermost secrets, spraying them into the public ether with a generosity our forebears could not have imagined. Where we once sent love letters in a sealed envelope, or stuck photographs of our children in a family album, now such private material is despatched to servers and clouds operated by people we don't know and will never meet.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To project many small items dispersively."
],
"id": "en-spray-en-verb-uWAvgIej",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, figurative) To project many small items dispersively."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 4 84 2 3 1 1 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "orosjavam",
"sense": "to project many small items dispersively",
"word": "оросявам"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 84 2 3 1 1 1 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to project many small items dispersively",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozhodit"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 84 2 3 1 1 1 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to project many small items dispersively",
"word": "forstøve"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 84 2 3 1 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to project many small items dispersively",
"word": "levittää"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 84 2 3 1 1 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to project many small items dispersively",
"word": "pulvériser"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "en:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To urinate in order to mark territory."
],
"id": "en-spray-en-verb-5UEs12yb",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"urinate",
"urinate"
],
[
"territory",
"territory"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, zoology) To urinate in order to mark territory."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Computer security",
"orig": "en:Computer security",
"parents": [
"Computing",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Computing",
"orig": "en:Computing",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 0 6 6 4 5 11 11 5 1 1 6 1 4 1 1 2 5 10 5 3 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 0 4 5 6 5 10 10 8 1 1 5 1 4 1 1 3 6 10 4 3 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 0 5 5 5 5 14 12 12 1 1 2 4 12 4 5 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 5 4 9 8 9 2 2 3 5 9 5 6 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 6 4 9 9 9 2 2 3 5 9 4 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Assamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 5 6 5 4 8 7 7 2 3 7 2 4 2 2 3 4 7 3 5 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 5 7 6 5 8 8 8 2 2 3 7 9 4 6 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 5 6 5 5 11 10 13 1 2 2 5 10 4 6 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 6 6 5 4 10 9 9 2 2 3 4 10 4 6 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 5 5 5 4 8 7 8 2 3 7 2 4 2 2 3 4 7 3 5 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 5 6 4 5 9 8 7 3 3 4 5 9 6 7 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 6 6 5 5 10 9 7 2 3 3 5 9 4 6 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 4 6 4 8 11 12 5 2 2 3 5 13 3 4 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 4 6 5 7 10 12 6 2 2 2 5 12 3 5 10 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 6 6 5 4 10 10 8 2 3 3 4 10 4 6 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 6 6 5 4 10 10 9 2 2 3 4 10 4 6 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 5 5 9 8 9 2 2 3 5 9 4 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 5 4 9 8 9 2 2 3 5 9 4 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 4 6 8 5 8 7 7 1 3 6 2 5 1 2 2 5 8 3 4 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 6 4 9 9 9 2 2 3 5 9 4 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 6 6 5 4 10 9 9 2 2 3 4 9 4 6 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Navajo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 6 4 9 8 8 2 3 3 5 9 5 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 0 6 6 6 3 13 13 12 1 1 2 3 13 3 4 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 6 5 4 10 8 8 2 2 3 6 8 4 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 5 8 7 4 8 8 7 3 3 4 5 8 5 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 6 5 4 9 8 10 2 2 3 5 8 4 7 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 6 6 5 4 10 9 9 2 2 3 4 9 4 6 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Quechua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 6 6 5 5 11 10 9 2 2 3 4 10 4 6 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 5 5 5 5 12 11 8 2 2 3 4 12 4 6 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 5 5 10 8 9 2 2 3 5 9 4 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 5 4 9 8 9 2 2 3 5 9 4 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tatar translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 5 4 9 9 9 2 2 3 5 9 5 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 6 4 9 9 9 2 2 3 5 9 4 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 6 4 9 9 9 2 3 3 5 9 5 5 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Walloon translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to spray the heap of a target process"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Herbert Bos, Fabian Monrose, Gregory Blanc, Research in Attacks, Intrusions, and Defenses: 18th International Symposium",
"text": "This approach would be altered for an optimal omelette based exploit. One would spray the heap with the omelette code solely, then load a single copy of the additional shellcode eggs into memory outside the target region for the spray.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To allocate blocks of memory from (a heap, etc.), and fill them with the same byte sequence, hoping to establish that sequence in a certain predetermined location as part of an exploit."
],
"id": "en-spray-en-verb--7JajHuU",
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"computer security",
"computer security"
],
[
"allocate",
"allocate"
],
[
"block",
"block"
],
[
"memory",
"memory"
],
[
"heap",
"heap"
],
[
"byte",
"byte"
],
[
"sequence",
"sequence"
],
[
"exploit",
"exploit"
]
],
"qualifier": "computer security",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, computing, computer security) To allocate blocks of memory from (a heap, etc.), and fill them with the same byte sequence, hoping to establish that sequence in a certain predetermined location as part of an exploit."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Football (soccer)",
"orig": "en:Football (soccer)",
"parents": [
"Football",
"Ball games",
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 February 1, Ash Rose, The QPR Miscellany, The History Press",
"text": "Kevin McLeod sprayed the ball across from the left flank where a raging Ainsworth met it on the volley from 25 yards out, crashing the ball into the roof of the net.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 August 11, Jamal Orme, The Victory Boys, Kube Publishing Ltd, page 13",
"text": "Yunus sprayed it to the wing where Ali was in some space.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pass (a ball), usually laterally across the field and often a long distance."
],
"id": "en-spray-en-verb-5pZ19qB-",
"links": [
[
"soccer",
"soccer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, soccer) To pass (a ball), usually laterally across the field and often a long distance."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"ball-games",
"games",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"soccer",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Australian rules football",
"orig": "en:Australian rules football",
"parents": [
"Football",
"Ball games",
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2011, Ashley Browne, Grand Finals: The Stories Behind the Premier Teams of the Victorian Football League. 1897-1938, Slattery Media Group, page 143",
"text": "Despite a goal to Vin Gardiner for Carlton, courtesy of an infringement, the Blues squandered many opportunities in attack. They sprayed the ball with their field kicking, and in their path toward goal.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2016 June 28, Nick Richardson, The Game of Their Lives, Macmillan Publishers Aus.",
"text": "But once again their forwards, including Sloss, sprayed the ball in front of goal and squandered their momentum by kicking a solitary goal and six careless behinds.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To kick (a ball) poorly and in an unintended direction."
],
"id": "en-spray-en-verb-TwJ~4QkN",
"links": [
[
"Australian rules football",
"Australian rules football"
]
],
"qualifier": "Australian rules football",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Australian rules football) To kick (a ball) poorly and in an unintended direction."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Climbing",
"orig": "en:Climbing",
"parents": [
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 5 4 9 8 9 2 2 3 5 9 5 6 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 5 7 6 5 8 8 8 2 2 3 7 9 4 6 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 5 4 9 8 9 2 2 3 5 9 4 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 6 7 5 4 9 8 9 2 2 3 5 9 4 6 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tatar translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give unwanted advice."
],
"id": "en-spray-en-verb-2E2j2oyU",
"links": [
[
"climbing",
"climbing#Noun"
],
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"unwanted",
"unwanted"
],
[
"advice",
"advice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(climbing, slang, derogatory) To give unwanted advice."
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"slang"
],
"topics": [
"climbing",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Nigerian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2019, “Nigeria’s money-spraying culture: A national embarassment?”, in Apa News",
"text": "“If a celebrator is dancing and you spray him/her, you may go to jail from the party venue because the law enforcement agents will be there, waiting to arrest you.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To shower guests dancing at a function with money"
],
"id": "en-spray-en-verb-w0DmF4qF",
"links": [
[
"shower",
"shower"
],
[
"money",
"money"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Nigeria) To shower guests dancing at a function with money"
],
"tags": [
"Nigeria"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/spɹeɪ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪ"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-spray.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-us-spray.ogg/En-us-spray.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-us-spray.ogg"
}
],
"word": "spray"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spray"
},
"expansion": "Middle English spray",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*spræġ"
},
"expansion": "Old English *spræġ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English spray, from Old English *spræġ, sprei (found in place names such as that of Spreyton, England), of unknown origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sprays",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "spray (countable and uncountable, plural sprays)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The bridesmaid carried a spray of lily-of-the-valley."
},
{
"ref": "a. 1674, John Milton, “To the Nightingale”, in Paradise Regain’d, Birmingham: J. and R. Tonson and S. Draper, published 1752, page 506",
"text": "O Nightingale, that on yon bloomy ſpray / Warbleſt at eve, when all the woods are ſtill, / Thou with freſh hope the lover’s heart doſt fill, / While the jolly hours lead on propitious May.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small branch of flowers or berries."
],
"id": "en-spray-en-noun-8eiMkBvb",
"links": [
[
"branch",
"branch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A small branch of flowers or berries."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 0 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 82 4 2 0 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "klonče",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "клонче"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 4 2 0 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huāzhī",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"word": "花枝"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 4 2 0 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"word": "lehvä"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The tree has a beautiful spray."
},
{
"ref": "a. 1426, Thomas Hoccleve, “The recordyng of aungeles song of the Natiuite of oure lady”, in Frederick James Furnivall, editor, Hoccleve's Works, volume III (in Middle English), London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., published 1897, lines 8–14, page xlvi",
"text": "A blisful flour, owt of this spray schal springe ; / The fruyt þer-of schal be ful precïous ; / A causë haue [we] for to ioye & synge, / In honure of þat maidë gracïous, / That gret comfort schal cause[n] vnto vs ; / ffor now schal faste oure company encrees, / And god with man schal makë smallë pees.\nA blissful flower out will spring out of this spray; / Its fruit shall be very precious; / We have cause for joy and song, / In honour of that gracious maid, / Who will make us very comfortable; / for now our company will grow quickly, / And man will make peace with God.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, Book VII, Canto VII",
"text": "And from the Trees did lop the needless Spray;",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A collective body of small branches."
],
"id": "en-spray-en-noun-aqIp2HoG",
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A collective body of small branches."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 86 6 1 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "collective body of small branches",
"word": "lehvistö"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 1 5 6 5 4 8 7 7 2 3 7 2 4 2 2 3 4 7 3 5 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 5 5 5 4 8 7 8 2 3 7 2 4 2 2 3 4 7 3 5 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1300, Robert of Gloucester, “Henricus”, in William Aldis Wright, editor, The Metrical Chronicle of Robert of Gloucester (in Middle English), London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, published 1887, part I, page 755",
"text": "Gret fur he made þer aniȝt of wode & of sprai.\nThere, at night, he made a great box out of wood and spray.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1843, John Claudius Loudon, “Catalogue of Culinary Vegetables”, in The Suburban Horticulturalist, London: Bradbury and Evans, published 1845, page 631",
"text": "The pea, being a tendrilled climber, whenever it is to be cultivated to the greatest advantage, ought to be supported by pea sticks, which are branches of trees or shrubs well furnished with spray, and of lengths suited to the height to which the plants grow.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Branches and twigs collectively; foliage."
],
"id": "en-spray-en-noun-LbjIYC34",
"links": [
[
"foliage",
"foliage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Branches and twigs collectively; foliage."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"An orchard."
],
"id": "en-spray-en-noun-i~j3sZBK",
"links": [
[
"orchard",
"orchard"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, obsolete) An orchard."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"An ornament or design that resembles a branch."
],
"id": "en-spray-en-noun-GpB5em47",
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) An ornament or design that resembles a branch."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 93",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ornament or design that resembles a branch",
"word": "lehvä"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/spɹeɪ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪ"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-spray.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-us-spray.ogg/En-us-spray.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-us-spray.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Spreyton"
],
"word": "spray"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Middle Dutch links with redundant target parameters",
"Rhymes:English/eɪ",
"Rhymes:English/eɪ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Assamese translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Navajo translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Quechua translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tatar translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"en:Liquids"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bear spray"
},
{
"word": "bidet spray"
},
{
"word": "body spray"
},
{
"word": "breath spray"
},
{
"word": "bug spray"
},
{
"word": "capiscum spray"
},
{
"word": "capsicum spray"
},
{
"word": "cooking spray"
},
{
"word": "feather spray"
},
{
"word": "fly spray"
},
{
"word": "hair spray"
},
{
"word": "nasal spray"
},
{
"word": "OC spray"
},
{
"word": "pepper spray"
},
{
"word": "pepper-spray"
},
{
"word": "pool spray"
},
{
"word": "salt spray"
},
{
"word": "salt spray test"
},
{
"word": "spray bottle"
},
{
"word": "spray bow"
},
{
"word": "spray can"
},
{
"word": "spray cheese"
},
{
"word": "spray condenser"
},
{
"word": "spray drain"
},
{
"word": "spray-dry"
},
{
"word": "spray foam"
},
{
"word": "spray gun"
},
{
"word": "spray paint"
},
{
"word": "spray tan"
},
{
"word": "vanishing spray"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "spraji",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: spraji",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: spraji"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "sprey",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: sprey",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: sprey"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "spraien",
"4": "sprāien"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch sprāien",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sprēwijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to spray, sprinkle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sprēwijaną (“to spray, sprinkle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)per-",
"4": "",
"5": "to sow, scatter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)per- (“to sow, scatter”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "spræjen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German spræjen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "sproeien",
"3": "",
"4": "to spray, sprinkle"
},
"expansion": "Dutch sproeien (“to spray, sprinkle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "sprühen",
"3": "",
"4": "to spray, sparkle"
},
"expansion": "German sprühen (“to spray, sparkle”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch sprāien, sprayen, spraeyen (“to spray, sprinkle, spread”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *sprēwijaną (“to spray, sprinkle”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)per- (“to sow, scatter”). Cognate with Middle High German spræjen, spræwen (“to squirt, spray, dust, splash, straw”), Danish dialectal språe (“to open up, burst forth”), Swedish dialectal språ (“to sprout, shoot forth, burst”), Norwegian dialectal spra, spræ (“to splash, splatter, spout, burst forth”), Dutch sproeien (“to spray, sprinkle”), German sprühen (“to spray, sparkle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sprays",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "spray (countable and uncountable, plural sprays)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The sailor could feel the spray from the waves.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1952, Nikos Kazantzakis, chapter 1, in Carl Wildman, transl., Zorba the Greek, New York, N.Y.: Simon & Schuster, translation of Βίος και πολιτεία του Αλέξη Ζορμπά [Víos kai politeía tou Aléxi Zormpá], page 3",
"text": "A strong sirocco was blowing the spray from the waves as far as the little café, whose glass doors were shut. The café reeked of brewing sage and human beings whose breath steamed the windows because of the cold outside.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid."
],
"links": [
[
"mist",
"mist"
],
[
"liquid",
"liquid"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Something resembling a spray of liquid."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) Something resembling a spray of liquid."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"A pressurized container; an atomizer."
],
"links": [
[
"atomizer",
"atomizer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A pressurized container; an atomizer."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "spray can"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Any of numerous commercial products, including paints, cosmetics, and insecticides, that are dispensed from containers in this manner."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) Any of numerous commercial products, including paints, cosmetics, and insecticides, that are dispensed from containers in this manner."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "spray can"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"en:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"A jet of fine medicated vapour, used either as an application to a diseased part or to charge the air of a room with a disinfectant or a deodorizer."
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine, countable) A jet of fine medicated vapour, used either as an application to a diseased part or to charge the air of a room with a disinfectant or a deodorizer."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"en:Metalworking"
],
"glosses": [
"A side channel or branch of the runner of a flask, made to distribute the metal to all parts of the mold."
],
"links": [
[
"metalworking",
"metalworking"
],
[
"runner",
"runner"
],
[
"flask",
"flask"
],
[
"mold",
"mold"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metalworking, countable) A side channel or branch of the runner of a flask, made to distribute the metal to all parts of the mold."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"arts",
"crafts",
"engineering",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"metallurgy",
"metalworking",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"en:Metalworking"
],
"glosses": [
"A group of castings made in the same mold and connected by sprues formed in the runner and its branches."
],
"links": [
[
"metalworking",
"metalworking"
],
[
"casting",
"casting"
],
[
"sprue",
"sprue"
],
[
"Edward H[enry] Knight",
"w:Edward H. Knight"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metalworking, countable) A group of castings made in the same mold and connected by sprues formed in the runner and its branches."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"arts",
"crafts",
"engineering",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"metallurgy",
"metalworking",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Computing"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2015, Herbert Bos, Fabian Monrose, Gregory Blanc, Research in Attacks, Intrusions, and Defenses: 18th International Symposium",
"text": "This approach would be altered for an optimal omelette based exploit. One would spray the heap with the omelette code solely, then load a single copy of the additional shellcode eggs into memory outside the target region for the spray.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The allocation and filling of blocks of memory with the same byte sequence, hoping to establish that sequence in a certain predetermined location as part of an exploit."
],
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"allocation",
"allocation"
],
[
"fill",
"fill"
],
[
"exploit",
"exploit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computing, countable) The allocation and filling of blocks of memory with the same byte sequence, hoping to establish that sequence in a certain predetermined location as part of an exploit."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Australian English",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2008, Robert Harvey, Harves: Strength Through Loyalty, Macmillan Publishers Aus., page 119",
"text": "On match days he could give a good spray, and in many ways he was an old-fashioned coach, having learned a lot of his approach from Ron Barassi.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Kevin Hillier, Rocket Science: The Biography of Rodney Eade, Macmillan Publishers Aus., page 151",
"text": "Expectations of what they will put up with have changed and a big spray probably doesn't have the effect it used to have. It certainly worked for me, I would get really aggressive and get fired up 'cause it's a motivational device they used.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2018, Paul Amy, Fabulous Fred: The Strife and Times of Fred Cook, Melbourne Books",
"text": "He could give a bloody good spray, Bricey,' Cook says. 'He'd be frothing at the mouth after he'd finished.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A loud scolding or reprimand, usually delivered by a sports coach or similar figure."
],
"links": [
[
"scolding",
"scolding"
],
[
"reprimand",
"reprimand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Australia) A loud scolding or reprimand, usually delivered by a sports coach or similar figure."
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/spɹeɪ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪ"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-spray.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-us-spray.ogg/En-us-spray.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-us-spray.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "cʻayt",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "ցայտ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prǎski",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "пръски"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "sprajo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "sumu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "usva"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "embrun"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gouttelette"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Spray"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sprühnebel"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "psicháles",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "ψιχάλες"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "psekasmós",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ψεκασμός"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "permet"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "rehu"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "tózhool"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mgiełka"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "borrifo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spray"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "esprei"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "esprei"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vodjanája pylʹ",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "водяна́я пыль"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "brýzgi",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "бры́зги"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spray"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aerosol"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "difusión"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "serpinti"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "çisenti"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid",
"word": "aerosol"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "klonče",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "клонче"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vejka",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "вейка"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"word": "varpu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"word": "terttu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rameau"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "branchette"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gerbe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Reisig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Blütenstand"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "klonári",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κλωνάρι"
},
{
"alt": "こえだ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "koeda",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"word": "小枝"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kiść"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "raminho"
},
{
"alt": "дерева или кустарника",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pobég",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "побе́г"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "decoration",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "butonʹjérka",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бутонье́рка"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ramito"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"word": "filiz"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coxhea"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prǎskačka",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пръскачка"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pulverizator",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пулверизатор"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "噴霧器"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pēnwùqì",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "喷雾器"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sprej"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "sprajilo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "suihkepullo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "suihke"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pulvérisateur"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vaporisateur"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "supurē",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "スプレー"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seupeurei",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "스프레이"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "esprey",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "اسپری"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spray"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spraj"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sprej"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spray"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "esprei"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pulʹverizátor",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пульвериза́тор"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raspylítelʹ",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "распыли́тель"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oprýskivatelʹ",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "опры́скиватель"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sprɛj",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спрей"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razbrýzgivatelʹ",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "разбры́згиватель"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "brýzgalka",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"feminine"
],
"word": "бры́згалка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prýskalka",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"feminine"
],
"word": "пры́скалка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pšíkalka",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"feminine"
],
"word": "пши́калка"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spray"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espray"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aerosol"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sprayburk"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sprejburk"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "siptergeç",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "сиптергеч"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "pressurized container",
"word": "sprey"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sprej",
"sense": "commercial product",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спрей"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "commercial product",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sprej"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "commercial product",
"word": "suihke"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "commercial product",
"word": "spray"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "commercial product",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pulvérisation"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "commercial product",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Spray"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "commercial product",
"word": "spray"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "commercial product",
"word": "spré"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "commercial product",
"word": "szpré"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "supurē",
"sense": "commercial product",
"word": "スプレー"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "commercial product",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spray"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "commercial product",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spray"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "commercial product",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spray"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "commercial product",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spray"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "commercial product",
"word": "esprei"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sprɛj",
"sense": "commercial product",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спрей"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "commercial product",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spray"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "commercial product",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espray"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "commercial product",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bote de spray"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "commercial product",
"word": "sprey"
}
],
"word": "spray"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Middle Dutch links with redundant target parameters",
"Rhymes:English/eɪ",
"Rhymes:English/eɪ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Assamese translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Navajo translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Quechua translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tatar translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"en:Liquids"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "say it, don't spray it"
},
{
"word": "sprayable"
},
{
"word": "spray and pray"
},
{
"word": "spray-on"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "spraien",
"4": "sprāien"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch sprāien",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sprēwijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to spray, sprinkle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sprēwijaną (“to spray, sprinkle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)per-",
"4": "",
"5": "to sow, scatter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)per- (“to sow, scatter”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "spræjen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German spræjen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "sproeien",
"3": "",
"4": "to spray, sprinkle"
},
"expansion": "Dutch sproeien (“to spray, sprinkle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "sprühen",
"3": "",
"4": "to spray, sparkle"
},
"expansion": "German sprühen (“to spray, sparkle”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch sprāien, sprayen, spraeyen (“to spray, sprinkle, spread”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *sprēwijaną (“to spray, sprinkle”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)per- (“to sow, scatter”). Cognate with Middle High German spræjen, spræwen (“to squirt, spray, dust, splash, straw”), Danish dialectal språe (“to open up, burst forth”), Swedish dialectal språ (“to sprout, shoot forth, burst”), Norwegian dialectal spra, spræ (“to splash, splatter, spout, burst forth”), Dutch sproeien (“to spray, sprinkle”), German sprühen (“to spray, sparkle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sprays",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spraying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sprayed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sprayed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spray (third-person singular simple present sprays, present participle spraying, simple past and past participle sprayed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The firemen sprayed the house.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Using a water cannon, the national guard sprayed the protesters.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To project a liquid in a dispersive manner toward something."
],
"links": [
[
"project",
"project"
],
[
"dispersive",
"dispersive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To project a liquid in a dispersive manner toward something."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English ergative verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Spray some ointment on that scratch.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The water sprayed out of the hose.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To project in a dispersive manner."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ergative) To project in a dispersive manner."
],
"tags": [
"ergative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2019 November 21, Samanth Subramanian, “How our home delivery habit reshaped the world”, in The Guardian",
"text": "The sprawl of sheds like Magna Parks 1 to 3 are a particularly vivid measure, because they host the final moment of relative stasis for millions of products that are then sprayed out to homes in every direction.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 14, Jonathan Freedland, “Obama's once hip brand is now tainted”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 1, page 18",
"text": "Now we are liberal with our innermost secrets, spraying them into the public ether with a generosity our forebears could not have imagined. Where we once sent love letters in a sealed envelope, or stuck photographs of our children in a family album, now such private material is despatched to servers and clouds operated by people we don't know and will never meet.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To project many small items dispersively."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, figurative) To project many small items dispersively."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"en:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"To urinate in order to mark territory."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"urinate",
"urinate"
],
[
"territory",
"territory"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, zoology) To urinate in order to mark territory."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Computer security",
"en:Computing"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to spray the heap of a target process"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Herbert Bos, Fabian Monrose, Gregory Blanc, Research in Attacks, Intrusions, and Defenses: 18th International Symposium",
"text": "This approach would be altered for an optimal omelette based exploit. One would spray the heap with the omelette code solely, then load a single copy of the additional shellcode eggs into memory outside the target region for the spray.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To allocate blocks of memory from (a heap, etc.), and fill them with the same byte sequence, hoping to establish that sequence in a certain predetermined location as part of an exploit."
],
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"computer security",
"computer security"
],
[
"allocate",
"allocate"
],
[
"block",
"block"
],
[
"memory",
"memory"
],
[
"heap",
"heap"
],
[
"byte",
"byte"
],
[
"sequence",
"sequence"
],
[
"exploit",
"exploit"
]
],
"qualifier": "computer security",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, computing, computer security) To allocate blocks of memory from (a heap, etc.), and fill them with the same byte sequence, hoping to establish that sequence in a certain predetermined location as part of an exploit."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Football (soccer)"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 February 1, Ash Rose, The QPR Miscellany, The History Press",
"text": "Kevin McLeod sprayed the ball across from the left flank where a raging Ainsworth met it on the volley from 25 yards out, crashing the ball into the roof of the net.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 August 11, Jamal Orme, The Victory Boys, Kube Publishing Ltd, page 13",
"text": "Yunus sprayed it to the wing where Ali was in some space.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pass (a ball), usually laterally across the field and often a long distance."
],
"links": [
[
"soccer",
"soccer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, soccer) To pass (a ball), usually laterally across the field and often a long distance."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"ball-games",
"games",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"soccer",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Australian rules football"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2011, Ashley Browne, Grand Finals: The Stories Behind the Premier Teams of the Victorian Football League. 1897-1938, Slattery Media Group, page 143",
"text": "Despite a goal to Vin Gardiner for Carlton, courtesy of an infringement, the Blues squandered many opportunities in attack. They sprayed the ball with their field kicking, and in their path toward goal.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2016 June 28, Nick Richardson, The Game of Their Lives, Macmillan Publishers Aus.",
"text": "But once again their forwards, including Sloss, sprayed the ball in front of goal and squandered their momentum by kicking a solitary goal and six careless behinds.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To kick (a ball) poorly and in an unintended direction."
],
"links": [
[
"Australian rules football",
"Australian rules football"
]
],
"qualifier": "Australian rules football",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Australian rules football) To kick (a ball) poorly and in an unintended direction."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English derogatory terms",
"English slang",
"en:Climbing"
],
"glosses": [
"To give unwanted advice."
],
"links": [
[
"climbing",
"climbing#Noun"
],
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"unwanted",
"unwanted"
],
[
"advice",
"advice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(climbing, slang, derogatory) To give unwanted advice."
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"slang"
],
"topics": [
"climbing",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Nigerian English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2019, “Nigeria’s money-spraying culture: A national embarassment?”, in Apa News",
"text": "“If a celebrator is dancing and you spray him/her, you may go to jail from the party venue because the law enforcement agents will be there, waiting to arrest you.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To shower guests dancing at a function with money"
],
"links": [
[
"shower",
"shower"
],
[
"money",
"money"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Nigeria) To shower guests dancing at a function with money"
],
"tags": [
"Nigeria"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/spɹeɪ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪ"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-spray.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-us-spray.ogg/En-us-spray.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-us-spray.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "cʻoġel",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "ցողել"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "srskel",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "սրսկել"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "xĩsa",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "সিঁচা"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "sotiüa",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "ছটিওৱা"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prǎskam",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "пръскам"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozprášit"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "spraye"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "forstøve"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "oversprøjte"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "spruĉi"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "spraji"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "suihkuttaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "sumuttaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "pulvériser"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "vaporiser"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "asperger"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "versprühen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "zerstäuben"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "psekázo",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "ψεκάζω"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rantízo",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "ραντίζω"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "permetez"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "polverizzare"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
],
"word": "سمبور"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
],
"word": "سمڤروت"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"Rumi"
],
"word": "sembur"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"Rumi"
],
"word": "semperut"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "uwhiuwhi"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rozpylać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozpylić"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "opryskiwać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "opryskać"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "borrifar"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "ch'allay"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raspyljátʹ",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "распыля́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raspylítʹ",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "распыли́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razbrýzgivatʹ",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "разбры́згивать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razbrýzgatʹ",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "разбры́згать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "rociar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "pulverizar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "atomizar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "asperjar"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "püskürtmek"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "phun"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to project a liquid in a disperse manner",
"word": "xịt"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "orosjavam",
"sense": "to project many small items dispersively",
"word": "оросявам"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to project many small items dispersively",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozhodit"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to project many small items dispersively",
"word": "forstøve"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to project many small items dispersively",
"word": "levittää"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to project many small items dispersively",
"word": "pulvériser"
}
],
"word": "spray"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:English/eɪ",
"Rhymes:English/eɪ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"en:Liquids"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spray"
},
"expansion": "Middle English spray",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*spræġ"
},
"expansion": "Old English *spræġ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English spray, from Old English *spræġ, sprei (found in place names such as that of Spreyton, England), of unknown origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sprays",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "spray (countable and uncountable, plural sprays)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The bridesmaid carried a spray of lily-of-the-valley."
},
{
"ref": "a. 1674, John Milton, “To the Nightingale”, in Paradise Regain’d, Birmingham: J. and R. Tonson and S. Draper, published 1752, page 506",
"text": "O Nightingale, that on yon bloomy ſpray / Warbleſt at eve, when all the woods are ſtill, / Thou with freſh hope the lover’s heart doſt fill, / While the jolly hours lead on propitious May.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small branch of flowers or berries."
],
"links": [
[
"branch",
"branch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A small branch of flowers or berries."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The tree has a beautiful spray."
},
{
"ref": "a. 1426, Thomas Hoccleve, “The recordyng of aungeles song of the Natiuite of oure lady”, in Frederick James Furnivall, editor, Hoccleve's Works, volume III (in Middle English), London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., published 1897, lines 8–14, page xlvi",
"text": "A blisful flour, owt of this spray schal springe ; / The fruyt þer-of schal be ful precïous ; / A causë haue [we] for to ioye & synge, / In honure of þat maidë gracïous, / That gret comfort schal cause[n] vnto vs ; / ffor now schal faste oure company encrees, / And god with man schal makë smallë pees.\nA blissful flower out will spring out of this spray; / Its fruit shall be very precious; / We have cause for joy and song, / In honour of that gracious maid, / Who will make us very comfortable; / for now our company will grow quickly, / And man will make peace with God.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, Book VII, Canto VII",
"text": "And from the Trees did lop the needless Spray;",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A collective body of small branches."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A collective body of small branches."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1300, Robert of Gloucester, “Henricus”, in William Aldis Wright, editor, The Metrical Chronicle of Robert of Gloucester (in Middle English), London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, published 1887, part I, page 755",
"text": "Gret fur he made þer aniȝt of wode & of sprai.\nThere, at night, he made a great box out of wood and spray.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1843, John Claudius Loudon, “Catalogue of Culinary Vegetables”, in The Suburban Horticulturalist, London: Bradbury and Evans, published 1845, page 631",
"text": "The pea, being a tendrilled climber, whenever it is to be cultivated to the greatest advantage, ought to be supported by pea sticks, which are branches of trees or shrubs well furnished with spray, and of lengths suited to the height to which the plants grow.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Branches and twigs collectively; foliage."
],
"links": [
[
"foliage",
"foliage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Branches and twigs collectively; foliage."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"An orchard."
],
"links": [
[
"orchard",
"orchard"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, obsolete) An orchard."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"An ornament or design that resembles a branch."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) An ornament or design that resembles a branch."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/spɹeɪ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪ"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-spray.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-us-spray.ogg/En-us-spray.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-us-spray.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "klonče",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "клонче"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huāzhī",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"word": "花枝"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "small branch of flowers or berries",
"word": "lehvä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "collective body of small branches",
"word": "lehvistö"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ornament or design that resembles a branch",
"word": "lehvä"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Spreyton"
],
"word": "spray"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.