See sandhi in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for sandhi meaning in English (8.6kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sa",
"3": "संधि",
"4": "",
"5": "junction, union",
"tr": "saṃdhí"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Sanskrit संधि (saṃdhí, “junction, union”)",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "synthesis",
"3": "synth",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "piecewise doublet of synthesis and synth",
"name": "piecewise doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Sanskrit संधि (saṃdhí, “junction, union”). Partial piecewise doublet of synthesis and synth.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sandhis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "sandhi (countable and uncountable, plural sandhis)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bengali terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gujarati terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kannada terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malayalam terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Punjabi terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tamil terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Phonology",
"orig": "en:Phonology",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "external sandhi"
},
{
"word": "internal sandhi"
},
{
"word": "tone sandhi"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1879, R. C. Childers, “On Sandhi in Pali”, in Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, New Series, Volume 11, Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, page 101",
"text": "Mixed sandhi has two divisions, viz. when a word ending in a vowel is followed by a word beginning with a consonant, and when a word ending in a consonant is followed by a word beginning with a vowel. Cases of mixed sandhi are very few, and in the second division are limited to the changes of anusvâra before a vowel.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1884, Edward Müller, A Simplified Grammar of the Pali Language, Trübner & Co., page 59",
"text": "The rules on sandhi in Pâli may be divided into rules on vowel-sandhi, and rules on mixed sandhi where a vowel and a consonant are concerned. Consonantal sandhi does not occur in Pâli.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"text": "2017, Hanbo Yan, The Nature of Variation in Tone Sandhi Patterns of Shanghai and Wuxi Wu, Springer:",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of a wide variety of phonological processes that occur at morpheme or word boundaries, such as the fusion of sounds across word boundaries and the alteration of sounds due to neighboring sounds or due to the grammatical function of adjacent words."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "crasis"
},
{
"word": "liaison"
},
{
"word": "mutation"
},
{
"word": "hiatus"
}
],
"id": "en-sandhi-en-noun-eCClF8Yy",
"links": [
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"phonological",
"phonological"
],
[
"morpheme",
"morpheme"
],
[
"word",
"word"
],
[
"fusion",
"fusion"
],
[
"alteration",
"alteration"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonology) Any of a wide variety of phonological processes that occur at morpheme or word boundaries, such as the fusion of sounds across word boundaries and the alteration of sounds due to neighboring sounds or due to the grammatical function of adjacent words."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "sandhī",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "سَنْدْهِي"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "waṣl",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "وَصْل"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "xondhi",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "সন্ধি"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "śondhi",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "সন্ধি"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "連音"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "liányīn",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "连音"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sandhi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "sandhi-ilmiö"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "sandhi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "rajailmiö"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sandhi"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Sandhi"
},
{
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "sandhi",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "સંધિ"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sandhi",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "संधि"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "szandhi"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "sandi"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sandhi"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "legamento"
},
{
"alt": "れんおん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ren'on",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "連音"
},
{
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "sandhi",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "ಸಂಧಿ"
},
{
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "kūḍike",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "ಕೂಡಿಕೆ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yeoneum",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "연음"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "sandhi",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "സന്ധി"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sandhi"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sândi"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "sandhī",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "ਸੰਧੀ"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sándxi",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "са́ндхи"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "saṃdhí",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "संधि"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sandhi"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sandhi"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "puṇarcci",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "புணர்ச்சி"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "sandhi",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "సంధి"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "sǒn-tí",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "สนธิ"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "meske"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsʌndi/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɑndi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsændi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsʌndi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"homophone": "Sunday"
},
{
"homophone": "sundae"
}
],
"word": "sandhi"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "external sandhi"
},
{
"word": "internal sandhi"
},
{
"word": "tone sandhi"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sa",
"3": "संधि",
"4": "",
"5": "junction, union",
"tr": "saṃdhí"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Sanskrit संधि (saṃdhí, “junction, union”)",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "synthesis",
"3": "synth",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "piecewise doublet of synthesis and synth",
"name": "piecewise doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Sanskrit संधि (saṃdhí, “junction, union”). Partial piecewise doublet of synthesis and synth.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sandhis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "sandhi (countable and uncountable, plural sandhis)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "crasis"
},
{
"word": "liaison"
},
{
"word": "mutation"
},
{
"word": "hiatus"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bengali terms with redundant script codes",
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English learned borrowings from Sanskrit",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English piecewise doublets",
"English terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
"English terms derived from Sanskrit",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with homophones",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Gujarati terms with redundant script codes",
"Kannada terms with redundant script codes",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Malayalam terms with redundant script codes",
"Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"Punjabi terms with redundant script codes",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Tamil terms with redundant script codes",
"en:Phonology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1879, R. C. Childers, “On Sandhi in Pali”, in Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, New Series, Volume 11, Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, page 101",
"text": "Mixed sandhi has two divisions, viz. when a word ending in a vowel is followed by a word beginning with a consonant, and when a word ending in a consonant is followed by a word beginning with a vowel. Cases of mixed sandhi are very few, and in the second division are limited to the changes of anusvâra before a vowel.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1884, Edward Müller, A Simplified Grammar of the Pali Language, Trübner & Co., page 59",
"text": "The rules on sandhi in Pâli may be divided into rules on vowel-sandhi, and rules on mixed sandhi where a vowel and a consonant are concerned. Consonantal sandhi does not occur in Pâli.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"text": "2017, Hanbo Yan, The Nature of Variation in Tone Sandhi Patterns of Shanghai and Wuxi Wu, Springer:",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of a wide variety of phonological processes that occur at morpheme or word boundaries, such as the fusion of sounds across word boundaries and the alteration of sounds due to neighboring sounds or due to the grammatical function of adjacent words."
],
"links": [
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"phonological",
"phonological"
],
[
"morpheme",
"morpheme"
],
[
"word",
"word"
],
[
"fusion",
"fusion"
],
[
"alteration",
"alteration"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonology) Any of a wide variety of phonological processes that occur at morpheme or word boundaries, such as the fusion of sounds across word boundaries and the alteration of sounds due to neighboring sounds or due to the grammatical function of adjacent words."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsʌndi/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɑndi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsændi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsʌndi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"homophone": "Sunday"
},
{
"homophone": "sundae"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "sandhī",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "سَنْدْهِي"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "waṣl",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "وَصْل"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "xondhi",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "সন্ধি"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "śondhi",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "সন্ধি"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "連音"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "liányīn",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "连音"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sandhi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "sandhi-ilmiö"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "sandhi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "rajailmiö"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sandhi"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Sandhi"
},
{
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "sandhi",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "સંધિ"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sandhi",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "संधि"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "szandhi"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "sandi"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sandhi"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "legamento"
},
{
"alt": "れんおん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ren'on",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "連音"
},
{
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "sandhi",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "ಸಂಧಿ"
},
{
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "kūḍike",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "ಕೂಡಿಕೆ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yeoneum",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "연음"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "sandhi",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "സന്ധി"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sandhi"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sândi"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "sandhī",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "ਸੰਧੀ"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sándxi",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "са́ндхи"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "saṃdhí",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "संधि"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sandhi"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "phonological process",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sandhi"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "puṇarcci",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "புணர்ச்சி"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "sandhi",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "సంధి"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "sǒn-tí",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "สนธิ"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "phonological process",
"word": "meske"
}
],
"word": "sandhi"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (4d5d0bb and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.