See ravel in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ravel meaning in English (17.5kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ravel out"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "raveled"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "ravelled"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "raveling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "ravelling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ravelly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ravelment"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unravel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "ravelen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch ravelen",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rafelen",
"t": "to tangle, become entangled; to fray; to unweave"
},
"expansion": "rafelen (“to tangle, become entangled; to fray; to unweave”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "raffelen",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rafel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch rafel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "raffel",
"t": "frayed thread"
},
"expansion": "raffel (“frayed thread”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "contranym"
},
"expansion": "contranym",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The verb is borrowed from Dutch ravelen, rafelen (“to tangle, become entangled; to fray; to unweave”) [and other forms]; further etymology uncertain. It has been suggested that the verb is originally derived from the noun, but the Oxford English Dictionary regards this as “very uncertain”, and instead regards the noun as having derived from the verb (compare Dutch rafel, raffel (“frayed thread”)).\nRavel is a contranym having both the senses of tangling (verb senses 1.1, 1.2, 1.4.1, and 2.3; noun sense 1) and untangling (verb senses 1.3, 1.4.2, 1.4.3, 2.1, and 2.2; noun sense 2). It would appear that the tangling senses predate the untangling ones (as in Dutch), but this is uncertain because the first published uses of both senses of the words occur around the same time.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ravels",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ravelling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "raveling",
"tags": [
"US",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ravelled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ravelled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "raveled",
"tags": [
"US",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "raveled",
"tags": [
"US",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ravel",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "++",
"past2": "raveled",
"past2_qual": "US",
"pres_ptc2": "raveling",
"pres_ptc2_qual": "US"
},
"expansion": "ravel (third-person singular simple present ravels, present participle ravelling or (US) raveling, simple past and past participle ravelled or (US) raveled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rav‧el"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1",
"past_ptc": "ravelled",
"past_ptc2": "raveled",
"past_ptc2_qual": "US",
"pres_ptc": "ravelling",
"pres_ptc2": "raveling",
"pres_ptc2_qual": "US"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unravelable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unravellable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unraveled"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "unravelled"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unraveler"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unraveller"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unraveling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"word": "unravelling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unravelment"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "disentangle"
},
{
"word": "unravel"
},
{
"word": "untangle"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To entwine or tangle (something) confusedly; to entangle."
],
"id": "en-ravel-en-verb-fyydcHao",
"links": [
[
"entwine",
"entwine"
],
[
"tangle",
"tangle#Verb"
],
[
"confusedly",
"confusedly"
],
[
"entangle",
"entangle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To entwine or tangle (something) confusedly; to entangle."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "unravel"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1960 May 28, Walt Kelly, Pogo, comic strip, page 149",
"text": "[Magazine staffer about his political team:] Pencils at the ready, keen brains agleam behind intelligent horn rims, these experts spread out to ravel the loose ends of White-Housing, web-spinning spiders for [the presidential candidate].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Often followed by up: to form (something) out of discrete elements, like weaving fabric from threads; to knit."
],
"id": "en-ravel-en-verb-x5B9VEol",
"links": [
[
"up",
"up#Adverb"
],
[
"form",
"form#Verb"
],
[
"discrete",
"discrete"
],
[
"elements",
"element#Noun"
],
[
"weaving",
"weave#Verb"
],
[
"fabric",
"fabric"
],
[
"threads",
"thread#Noun"
],
[
"knit",
"knit#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(also figuratively) Often followed by up: to form (something) out of discrete elements, like weaving fabric from threads; to knit."
],
"tags": [
"also",
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To unwind (a reel of thread, a skein of yarn, etc.); to pull apart (cloth, a seam, etc.); to fray, to unpick, to unravel; also, to pull out (a string of yarn, a thread, etc.) from a piece of fabric, or a skein or reel."
],
"id": "en-ravel-en-verb-QAR8KG8F",
"links": [
[
"unwind",
"unwind"
],
[
"reel",
"reel#Noun"
],
[
"skein",
"skein#Noun"
],
[
"yarn",
"yarn#Noun"
],
[
"pull apart",
"pull apart"
],
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
],
[
"seam",
"seam#Noun"
],
[
"fray",
"fray#Verb"
],
[
"unpick",
"unpick"
],
[
"unravel",
"unravel"
],
[
"pull",
"pull#Verb"
],
[
"string",
"string#Noun"
],
[
"piece",
"piece#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To unwind (a reel of thread, a skein of yarn, etc.); to pull apart (cloth, a seam, etc.); to fray, to unpick, to unravel; also, to pull out (a string of yarn, a thread, etc.) from a piece of fabric, or a skein or reel."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 5 64 1 2 4 4 11 7 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razparjam",
"sense": "to unwind (a reel of thread, a skein of yarn, etc.); to pull apart (cloth, a seam, etc.); to pull out (a string of yard, a thread, etc.) from a piece of fabric, or a skein or reel — see also fray, unpick, unravel",
"word": "разпарям"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 64 1 2 4 4 11 7 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ektylísso",
"sense": "to unwind (a reel of thread, a skein of yarn, etc.); to pull apart (cloth, a seam, etc.); to pull out (a string of yard, a thread, etc.) from a piece of fabric, or a skein or reel — see also fray, unpick, unravel",
"word": "εκτυλίσσω"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 64 1 2 4 4 11 7 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to unwind (a reel of thread, a skein of yarn, etc.); to pull apart (cloth, a seam, etc.); to pull out (a string of yard, a thread, etc.) from a piece of fabric, or a skein or reel — see also fray, unpick, unravel",
"word": "rois"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 64 1 2 4 4 11 7 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raspuskátʹ",
"sense": "to unwind (a reel of thread, a skein of yarn, etc.); to pull apart (cloth, a seam, etc.); to pull out (a string of yard, a thread, etc.) from a piece of fabric, or a skein or reel — see also fray, unpick, unravel",
"word": "распуска́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 64 1 2 4 4 11 7 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raspútyvatʹ",
"sense": "to unwind (a reel of thread, a skein of yarn, etc.); to pull apart (cloth, a seam, etc.); to pull out (a string of yard, a thread, etc.) from a piece of fabric, or a skein or reel — see also fray, unpick, unravel",
"word": "распу́тывать"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To confuse or perplex (someone or something)."
],
"id": "en-ravel-en-verb-TgGYD3cr",
"links": [
[
"confuse",
"confuse"
],
[
"perplex",
"perplex"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figuratively)",
"To confuse or perplex (someone or something)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "involve"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Often followed by out: to undo the intricacies of (a problem, etc.); to clarify, to disentangle."
],
"id": "en-ravel-en-verb-22QYVtuK",
"links": [
[
"out",
"out#Adverb"
],
[
"undo",
"undo#Verb"
],
[
"intricacies",
"intricacy"
],
[
"problem",
"problem#Noun"
],
[
"clarify",
"clarify"
],
[
"disentangle",
"disentangle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figuratively)",
"(archaic) Often followed by out: to undo the intricacies of (a problem, etc.); to clarify, to disentangle."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "untangle"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"figuratively",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 4 11 2 53 3 9 3 7 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razlagam",
"sense": "to undo the intricacies of (a problem, etc.) — see also clarify, disentangle",
"word": "разлагам"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 11 2 53 3 9 3 7 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "xemperdévo",
"sense": "to undo the intricacies of (a problem, etc.) — see also clarify, disentangle",
"word": "ξεμπερδεύω"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To destroy or ruin (something), like unravelling fabric."
],
"id": "en-ravel-en-verb-Gv~YJqqB",
"links": [
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figuratively)",
"(obsolete) To destroy or ruin (something), like unravelling fabric."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Programming",
"orig": "en:Programming",
"parents": [
"Computing",
"Software engineering",
"Technology",
"Computer science",
"Engineering",
"Software",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Applied sciences",
"Media",
"Fundamental",
"Communication"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 10 7 2 9 3 26 9 10 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 6 6 11 7 5 1 6 2 29 6 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In the APL programming language: to reshape (a variable) into a vector."
],
"id": "en-ravel-en-verb-4n6Vg4AQ",
"links": [
[
"programming",
"programming#Noun"
],
[
"APL",
"APL"
],
[
"programming language",
"programming language"
],
[
"reshape",
"reshape"
],
[
"variable",
"variable#Noun"
],
[
"vector",
"vector#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(programming) In the APL programming language: to reshape (a variable) into a vector."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"programming",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Often followed by out: of a reel of thread or skein of yarn; or a thread on a reel or a string of yarn in a skein, etc.: to become untwisted or unwound."
],
"id": "en-ravel-en-verb-caPbbnXI",
"links": [
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"untwisted",
"untwisted#Adjective"
],
[
"unwound",
"unwound"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"Often followed by out: of a reel of thread or skein of yarn; or a thread on a reel or a string of yarn in a skein, etc.: to become untwisted or unwound."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2011 September 10, Martha T. Moore, “After 9/11, dinner gang raises funds to honor those lost”, in USA Today, McLean, Va.: Gannett Co., →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2012-01-07",
"text": "But the real work of the First Thursday Foundation is remembering, and its biggest gift is knitting back together lives raveled by loss.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Often followed by out: of clothing, fabric, etc.: to become unwoven; to fray, to unravel."
],
"id": "en-ravel-en-verb-e9HBF3lR",
"links": [
[
"clothing",
"clothing#Noun"
],
[
"unwoven",
"unwoven"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"(also figuratively) Often followed by out: of clothing, fabric, etc.: to become unwoven; to fray, to unravel."
],
"tags": [
"also",
"figuratively",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To become entangled or snarled."
],
"id": "en-ravel-en-verb-e4i0yLj5",
"links": [
[
"entangled",
"entangled#Adjective"
],
[
"snarled",
"snarled#Adjective"
]
],
"qualifier": "archaic or obsolete",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"(archaic or obsolete) To become entangled or snarled."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹævl̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæv(ə)l/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ævəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ravel.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ravel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ravel.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ravel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ravel.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Oxford English Dictionary"
],
"word": "ravel"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ravel bread"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "ravelen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch ravelen",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rafelen",
"t": "to tangle, become entangled; to fray; to unweave"
},
"expansion": "rafelen (“to tangle, become entangled; to fray; to unweave”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "raffelen",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rafel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch rafel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "raffel",
"t": "frayed thread"
},
"expansion": "raffel (“frayed thread”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "contranym"
},
"expansion": "contranym",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The verb is borrowed from Dutch ravelen, rafelen (“to tangle, become entangled; to fray; to unweave”) [and other forms]; further etymology uncertain. It has been suggested that the verb is originally derived from the noun, but the Oxford English Dictionary regards this as “very uncertain”, and instead regards the noun as having derived from the verb (compare Dutch rafel, raffel (“frayed thread”)).\nRavel is a contranym having both the senses of tangling (verb senses 1.1, 1.2, 1.4.1, and 2.3; noun sense 1) and untangling (verb senses 1.3, 1.4.2, 1.4.3, 2.1, and 2.2; noun sense 2). It would appear that the tangling senses predate the untangling ones (as in Dutch), but this is uncertain because the first published uses of both senses of the words occur around the same time.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ravels",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ravel (plural ravels)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rav‧el"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A tangled mess; an entanglement, a snarl, a tangle."
],
"id": "en-ravel-en-noun-EexMAvME",
"links": [
[
"tangled",
"tangled#Adjective"
],
[
"mess",
"mess#Noun"
],
[
"entanglement",
"entanglement"
],
[
"snarl",
"snarl#Noun"
],
[
"tangle",
"tangle#Noun"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly literary or Scotland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly literary or Scotland)",
"A tangled mess; an entanglement, a snarl, a tangle."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ravelment"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A confusing, intricate, or perplexing situation; a complication."
],
"id": "en-ravel-en-noun-AqBbNAmi",
"links": [
[
"confusing",
"confusing#Adjective"
],
[
"intricate",
"intricate"
],
[
"perplexing",
"perplexing#Adjective"
],
[
"situation",
"situation"
],
[
"complication",
"complication"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly literary or Scotland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly literary or Scotland)",
"(figuratively) A confusing, intricate, or perplexing situation; a complication."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A thread which has unravelled from fabric, etc.; also, a situation of fabric, etc., coming apart; an unravelling."
],
"id": "en-ravel-en-noun-V1QfZnEK",
"links": [
[
"thread",
"thread#Noun"
],
[
"unravel",
"unravel"
],
[
"fabric",
"fabric"
],
[
"coming apart",
"come apart"
],
[
"unravelling",
"unravelling#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(also figuratively) A thread which has unravelled from fabric, etc.; also, a situation of fabric, etc., coming apart; an unravelling."
],
"tags": [
"also",
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹævl̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæv(ə)l/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ævəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ravel.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ravel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ravel.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ravel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ravel.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Oxford English Dictionary"
],
"word": "ravel"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English contranyms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Dutch",
"English terms derived from Dutch",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ævəl",
"Rhymes:English/ævəl/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ravel out"
},
{
"word": "raveled"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "ravelled"
},
{
"word": "raveling"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "ravelling"
},
{
"word": "ravelly"
},
{
"word": "ravelment"
},
{
"word": "unravel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "ravelen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch ravelen",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rafelen",
"t": "to tangle, become entangled; to fray; to unweave"
},
"expansion": "rafelen (“to tangle, become entangled; to fray; to unweave”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
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"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
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{
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},
"expansion": "¹",
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{
"args": {
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"name": "glossary"
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{
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"2": "rafel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch rafel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "raffel",
"t": "frayed thread"
},
"expansion": "raffel (“frayed thread”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "contranym"
},
"expansion": "contranym",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The verb is borrowed from Dutch ravelen, rafelen (“to tangle, become entangled; to fray; to unweave”) [and other forms]; further etymology uncertain. It has been suggested that the verb is originally derived from the noun, but the Oxford English Dictionary regards this as “very uncertain”, and instead regards the noun as having derived from the verb (compare Dutch rafel, raffel (“frayed thread”)).\nRavel is a contranym having both the senses of tangling (verb senses 1.1, 1.2, 1.4.1, and 2.3; noun sense 1) and untangling (verb senses 1.3, 1.4.2, 1.4.3, 2.1, and 2.2; noun sense 2). It would appear that the tangling senses predate the untangling ones (as in Dutch), but this is uncertain because the first published uses of both senses of the words occur around the same time.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ravels",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ravelling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "raveling",
"tags": [
"US",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ravelled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ravelled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "raveled",
"tags": [
"US",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "raveled",
"tags": [
"US",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ravel",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "++",
"past2": "raveled",
"past2_qual": "US",
"pres_ptc2": "raveling",
"pres_ptc2_qual": "US"
},
"expansion": "ravel (third-person singular simple present ravels, present participle ravelling or (US) raveling, simple past and past participle ravelled or (US) raveled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rav‧el"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1",
"past_ptc": "ravelled",
"past_ptc2": "raveled",
"past_ptc2_qual": "US",
"pres_ptc": "ravelling",
"pres_ptc2": "raveling",
"pres_ptc2_qual": "US"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "unravelable"
},
{
"word": "unravellable"
},
{
"word": "unraveled"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "unravelled"
},
{
"word": "unraveler"
},
{
"word": "unraveller"
},
{
"word": "unraveling"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"word": "unravelling"
},
{
"word": "unravelment"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "disentangle"
},
{
"word": "unravel"
},
{
"word": "untangle"
}
],
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To entwine or tangle (something) confusedly; to entangle."
],
"links": [
[
"entwine",
"entwine"
],
[
"tangle",
"tangle#Verb"
],
[
"confusedly",
"confusedly"
],
[
"entangle",
"entangle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To entwine or tangle (something) confusedly; to entangle."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "unravel"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1960 May 28, Walt Kelly, Pogo, comic strip, page 149",
"text": "[Magazine staffer about his political team:] Pencils at the ready, keen brains agleam behind intelligent horn rims, these experts spread out to ravel the loose ends of White-Housing, web-spinning spiders for [the presidential candidate].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Often followed by up: to form (something) out of discrete elements, like weaving fabric from threads; to knit."
],
"links": [
[
"up",
"up#Adverb"
],
[
"form",
"form#Verb"
],
[
"discrete",
"discrete"
],
[
"elements",
"element#Noun"
],
[
"weaving",
"weave#Verb"
],
[
"fabric",
"fabric"
],
[
"threads",
"thread#Noun"
],
[
"knit",
"knit#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(also figuratively) Often followed by up: to form (something) out of discrete elements, like weaving fabric from threads; to knit."
],
"tags": [
"also",
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To unwind (a reel of thread, a skein of yarn, etc.); to pull apart (cloth, a seam, etc.); to fray, to unpick, to unravel; also, to pull out (a string of yarn, a thread, etc.) from a piece of fabric, or a skein or reel."
],
"links": [
[
"unwind",
"unwind"
],
[
"reel",
"reel#Noun"
],
[
"skein",
"skein#Noun"
],
[
"yarn",
"yarn#Noun"
],
[
"pull apart",
"pull apart"
],
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
],
[
"seam",
"seam#Noun"
],
[
"fray",
"fray#Verb"
],
[
"unpick",
"unpick"
],
[
"unravel",
"unravel"
],
[
"pull",
"pull#Verb"
],
[
"string",
"string#Noun"
],
[
"piece",
"piece#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To unwind (a reel of thread, a skein of yarn, etc.); to pull apart (cloth, a seam, etc.); to fray, to unpick, to unravel; also, to pull out (a string of yarn, a thread, etc.) from a piece of fabric, or a skein or reel."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To confuse or perplex (someone or something)."
],
"links": [
[
"confuse",
"confuse"
],
[
"perplex",
"perplex"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figuratively)",
"To confuse or perplex (someone or something)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "involve"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"Often followed by out: to undo the intricacies of (a problem, etc.); to clarify, to disentangle."
],
"links": [
[
"out",
"out#Adverb"
],
[
"undo",
"undo#Verb"
],
[
"intricacies",
"intricacy"
],
[
"problem",
"problem#Noun"
],
[
"clarify",
"clarify"
],
[
"disentangle",
"disentangle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figuratively)",
"(archaic) Often followed by out: to undo the intricacies of (a problem, etc.); to clarify, to disentangle."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "untangle"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To destroy or ruin (something), like unravelling fabric."
],
"links": [
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figuratively)",
"(obsolete) To destroy or ruin (something), like unravelling fabric."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Programming"
],
"glosses": [
"In the APL programming language: to reshape (a variable) into a vector."
],
"links": [
[
"programming",
"programming#Noun"
],
[
"APL",
"APL"
],
[
"programming language",
"programming language"
],
[
"reshape",
"reshape"
],
[
"variable",
"variable#Noun"
],
[
"vector",
"vector#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(programming) In the APL programming language: to reshape (a variable) into a vector."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"programming",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"Often followed by out: of a reel of thread or skein of yarn; or a thread on a reel or a string of yarn in a skein, etc.: to become untwisted or unwound."
],
"links": [
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"untwisted",
"untwisted#Adjective"
],
[
"unwound",
"unwound"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"Often followed by out: of a reel of thread or skein of yarn; or a thread on a reel or a string of yarn in a skein, etc.: to become untwisted or unwound."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2011 September 10, Martha T. Moore, “After 9/11, dinner gang raises funds to honor those lost”, in USA Today, McLean, Va.: Gannett Co., →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2012-01-07",
"text": "But the real work of the First Thursday Foundation is remembering, and its biggest gift is knitting back together lives raveled by loss.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Often followed by out: of clothing, fabric, etc.: to become unwoven; to fray, to unravel."
],
"links": [
[
"clothing",
"clothing#Noun"
],
[
"unwoven",
"unwoven"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"(also figuratively) Often followed by out: of clothing, fabric, etc.: to become unwoven; to fray, to unravel."
],
"tags": [
"also",
"figuratively",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To become entangled or snarled."
],
"links": [
[
"entangled",
"entangled#Adjective"
],
[
"snarled",
"snarled#Adjective"
]
],
"qualifier": "archaic or obsolete",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"(archaic or obsolete) To become entangled or snarled."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹævl̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæv(ə)l/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ævəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ravel.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ravel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ravel.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razparjam",
"sense": "to unwind (a reel of thread, a skein of yarn, etc.); to pull apart (cloth, a seam, etc.); to pull out (a string of yard, a thread, etc.) from a piece of fabric, or a skein or reel — see also fray, unpick, unravel",
"word": "разпарям"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ektylísso",
"sense": "to unwind (a reel of thread, a skein of yarn, etc.); to pull apart (cloth, a seam, etc.); to pull out (a string of yard, a thread, etc.) from a piece of fabric, or a skein or reel — see also fray, unpick, unravel",
"word": "εκτυλίσσω"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to unwind (a reel of thread, a skein of yarn, etc.); to pull apart (cloth, a seam, etc.); to pull out (a string of yard, a thread, etc.) from a piece of fabric, or a skein or reel — see also fray, unpick, unravel",
"word": "rois"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raspuskátʹ",
"sense": "to unwind (a reel of thread, a skein of yarn, etc.); to pull apart (cloth, a seam, etc.); to pull out (a string of yard, a thread, etc.) from a piece of fabric, or a skein or reel — see also fray, unpick, unravel",
"word": "распуска́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raspútyvatʹ",
"sense": "to unwind (a reel of thread, a skein of yarn, etc.); to pull apart (cloth, a seam, etc.); to pull out (a string of yard, a thread, etc.) from a piece of fabric, or a skein or reel — see also fray, unpick, unravel",
"word": "распу́тывать"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razlagam",
"sense": "to undo the intricacies of (a problem, etc.) — see also clarify, disentangle",
"word": "разлагам"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "xemperdévo",
"sense": "to undo the intricacies of (a problem, etc.) — see also clarify, disentangle",
"word": "ξεμπερδεύω"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Oxford English Dictionary"
],
"word": "ravel"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English contranyms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Dutch",
"English terms derived from Dutch",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ævəl",
"Rhymes:English/ævəl/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ravel bread"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "ravelen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch ravelen",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rafelen",
"t": "to tangle, become entangled; to fray; to unweave"
},
"expansion": "rafelen (“to tangle, become entangled; to fray; to unweave”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "raffelen",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
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"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rafel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch rafel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "raffel",
"t": "frayed thread"
},
"expansion": "raffel (“frayed thread”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "contranym"
},
"expansion": "contranym",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The verb is borrowed from Dutch ravelen, rafelen (“to tangle, become entangled; to fray; to unweave”) [and other forms]; further etymology uncertain. It has been suggested that the verb is originally derived from the noun, but the Oxford English Dictionary regards this as “very uncertain”, and instead regards the noun as having derived from the verb (compare Dutch rafel, raffel (“frayed thread”)).\nRavel is a contranym having both the senses of tangling (verb senses 1.1, 1.2, 1.4.1, and 2.3; noun sense 1) and untangling (verb senses 1.3, 1.4.2, 1.4.3, 2.1, and 2.2; noun sense 2). It would appear that the tangling senses predate the untangling ones (as in Dutch), but this is uncertain because the first published uses of both senses of the words occur around the same time.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ravels",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ravel (plural ravels)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rav‧el"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English literary terms",
"Scottish English"
],
"glosses": [
"A tangled mess; an entanglement, a snarl, a tangle."
],
"links": [
[
"tangled",
"tangled#Adjective"
],
[
"mess",
"mess#Noun"
],
[
"entanglement",
"entanglement"
],
[
"snarl",
"snarl#Noun"
],
[
"tangle",
"tangle#Noun"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly literary or Scotland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly literary or Scotland)",
"A tangled mess; an entanglement, a snarl, a tangle."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ravelment"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English literary terms",
"Scottish English"
],
"glosses": [
"A confusing, intricate, or perplexing situation; a complication."
],
"links": [
[
"confusing",
"confusing#Adjective"
],
[
"intricate",
"intricate"
],
[
"perplexing",
"perplexing#Adjective"
],
[
"situation",
"situation"
],
[
"complication",
"complication"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly literary or Scotland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly literary or Scotland)",
"(figuratively) A confusing, intricate, or perplexing situation; a complication."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A thread which has unravelled from fabric, etc.; also, a situation of fabric, etc., coming apart; an unravelling."
],
"links": [
[
"thread",
"thread#Noun"
],
[
"unravel",
"unravel"
],
[
"fabric",
"fabric"
],
[
"coming apart",
"come apart"
],
[
"unravelling",
"unravelling#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(also figuratively) A thread which has unravelled from fabric, etc.; also, a situation of fabric, etc., coming apart; an unravelling."
],
"tags": [
"also",
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹævl̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæv(ə)l/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ævəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ravel.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ravel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ravel.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ravel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ravel.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Oxford English Dictionary"
],
"word": "ravel"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (fc4f0c7 and c937495). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.