See perpendicular in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for perpendicular meaning in English (17.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "perpendicular axis theorem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "perpendicularity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "perpendicularly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "perpendicularness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "perpendicular pronoun"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "perpendicular recording"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "perpendicular universe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "quasiperpendicular"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "perpendiculaire"
},
"expansion": "Middle French perpendiculaire",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "perpendiculer"
},
"expansion": "Old French perpendiculer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "perpendiculum",
"t": "plumb line"
},
"expansion": "Latin perpendiculum (“plumb line”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French perpendiculaire, from Old French perpendiculer, from Latin perpendiculum (“plumb line”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more perpendicular",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most perpendicular",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "perpendicular (comparative more perpendicular, superlative most perpendicular)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Geometry",
"orig": "en:Geometry",
"parents": [
"Mathematics",
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "In most houses, the walls are perpendicular to the floor.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2012 March 25, Henry Petroski, “Opening Doors”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, pages 112–3",
"text": "A doorknob of whatever roundish shape is effectively a continuum of levers, with the axis of the latching mechanism—known as the spindle—being the fulcrum about which the turning takes place. Applying a force tangential to the knob is essentially equivalent to applying one perpendicular to a radial line defining the lever.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"At or forming a right angle (to something)."
],
"id": "en-perpendicular-en-adj-1XmyZLBy",
"links": [
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
],
[
"right angle",
"right angle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geometry) At or forming a right angle (to something)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "normal"
},
{
"word": "orthogonal"
}
],
"topics": [
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕamūdiyy",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "عَمُودِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "raʔsiyy",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "رَأْسِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "uġġahayacʿ",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "ուղղահայաց"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pjerpjendykuljárny",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "перпендыкуля́рны"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "perpendikuljáren",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "перпендикуля́рен"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendicular"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chuízhí",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "垂直"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "kolmý"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "loodrecht"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "haaks"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendiculair"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendikulara"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "risti"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "kohtisuora"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "kohtisuorassa"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "pystysuorassa"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "perpendiculaire"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendicular"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "rechtwinklig"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "lotrecht"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "senkrecht"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendikular"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendikulär"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "káthetos",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κάθετος"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"alt": "me`unák",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "מאונך \\ מְאֻנָךְ"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "nitsáv",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ניצב \\ נִצָּב"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "merőleges"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "tegak lurus"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendicolare"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"alt": "すいちょくの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "suichoku no",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "垂直の"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"alt": "たての",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tate no",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "縦の"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"alt": "ちょくりつの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chokuritsu no",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "直立の"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sujigui",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "수직의"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendiculāris"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendikulārs"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "serenjang"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "hāngai"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "loddrett"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "'amudi",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "عمودی"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "prostopadły"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendicular"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendicular"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "perpendikuljárnyj",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "перпендикуля́рный"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "lamba",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "लम्ब"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "kolmý"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendicular"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "vinkelrät"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "tadlong"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "táng-chàak",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "ตั้งฉาก"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "dik"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "perpendykuljárnyj",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "перпендикуля́рний"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "prostopádnyj",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "простопа́дний"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendiciwlar"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 3",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "leadrjocht"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 27 26 4 5 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Exactly upright; extending in a straight line toward the centre of the earth, etc."
],
"id": "en-perpendicular-en-adj-apZS5QcT",
"links": [
[
"upright",
"upright"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 27 26 4 5 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2019 May 31, David M. Willis, “Wrangled”, in Dumbing of Age",
"text": "Hey, I'm not unsabotaging anything! This is completely perpendicular sabotage!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Independent of or irrelevant to each other; orthogonal."
],
"id": "en-perpendicular-en-adj-qhOZBokm",
"links": [
[
"Independent",
"independent"
],
[
"irrelevant",
"irrelevant"
],
[
"orthogonal",
"orthogonal"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌpɜː.pənˈdɪk.jə.lə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɝ.pɛnˈdɪk.ju.lɚ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɝ.pənˈdɪk.jə.lɚ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪkjʊlə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-perpendicular.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/En-us-perpendicular.ogg/En-us-perpendicular.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/En-us-perpendicular.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "pû\"pəndĭ'kyələ(r)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"perpendicular"
],
"word": "perpendicular"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "perpendiculaire"
},
"expansion": "Middle French perpendiculaire",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "perpendiculer"
},
"expansion": "Old French perpendiculer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "perpendiculum",
"t": "plumb line"
},
"expansion": "Latin perpendiculum (“plumb line”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French perpendiculaire, from Old French perpendiculer, from Latin perpendiculum (“plumb line”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perpendiculars",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "perpendicular (plural perpendiculars)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "perp",
"word": "⟂"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Geometry",
"orig": "en:Geometry",
"parents": [
"Mathematics",
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A line or plane that is perpendicular to another."
],
"id": "en-perpendicular-en-noun-VTcKR7MT",
"links": [
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
],
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"plane",
"plane"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geometry) A line or plane that is perpendicular to another."
],
"topics": [
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "perpendikuljar",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "перпендикуляр"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perpendicular"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chuíxiàn",
"sense": "line or plane",
"word": "垂线"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "line or plane",
"word": "垂面"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "cs",
"english": "line",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kolmice"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "loodlijn"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "line or plane",
"word": "kohtisuora"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perpendiculaire"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Lotrechte"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Senkrechte"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"alt": "me`unákh",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "מאונך"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "nitsáv",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ניצב"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "lamb",
"sense": "line or plane",
"word": "लंब"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "abhilamb",
"sense": "line or plane",
"word": "अभिलंब"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "line or plane",
"word": "merőleges"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "line or plane",
"word": "kʼéhézdongo ahidiiʼá"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prostopadła"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perpendicular"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perpendiculară"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "perpendikuljár",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "перпендикуля́р"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "normal"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "séen-táng-chàak",
"sense": "line or plane",
"word": "เส้นตั้งฉาก"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "line or plane",
"word": "dik"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "prostopád",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "простопа́д"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10 0",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "line or plane",
"word": "leadline"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A device such as a plumb line that is used in making or marking a perpendicular line."
],
"id": "en-perpendicular-en-noun-ViZcOtRp",
"links": [
[
"device",
"device"
],
[
"plumb line",
"plumb line"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otves",
"sense": "device",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "отвес"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "device",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "schietlood"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "device",
"word": "luotilanka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "device",
"word": "luoti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "device",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fil à plomb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "device",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Bleilot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "device",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Senkblei"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 27 26 4 5 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A meal eaten at a tavern bar while standing up."
],
"id": "en-perpendicular-en-noun-tctNX9iB",
"links": [
[
"meal",
"meal"
],
[
"tavern",
"tavern"
],
[
"bar",
"bar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, slang) A meal eaten at a tavern bar while standing up."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌpɜː.pənˈdɪk.jə.lə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɝ.pɛnˈdɪk.ju.lɚ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɝ.pənˈdɪk.jə.lɚ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪkjʊlə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-perpendicular.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/En-us-perpendicular.ogg/En-us-perpendicular.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/En-us-perpendicular.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "pû\"pəndĭ'kyələ(r)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"perpendicular"
],
"word": "perpendicular"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 5-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ɪkjʊlə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɪkjʊlə(ɹ)/5 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "perpendicular axis theorem"
},
{
"word": "perpendicularity"
},
{
"word": "perpendicularly"
},
{
"word": "perpendicularness"
},
{
"word": "perpendicular pronoun"
},
{
"word": "perpendicular recording"
},
{
"word": "perpendicular universe"
},
{
"word": "quasiperpendicular"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "perpendiculaire"
},
"expansion": "Middle French perpendiculaire",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "perpendiculer"
},
"expansion": "Old French perpendiculer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "perpendiculum",
"t": "plumb line"
},
"expansion": "Latin perpendiculum (“plumb line”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French perpendiculaire, from Old French perpendiculer, from Latin perpendiculum (“plumb line”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more perpendicular",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most perpendicular",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "perpendicular (comparative more perpendicular, superlative most perpendicular)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Geometry"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "In most houses, the walls are perpendicular to the floor.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2012 March 25, Henry Petroski, “Opening Doors”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, pages 112–3",
"text": "A doorknob of whatever roundish shape is effectively a continuum of levers, with the axis of the latching mechanism—known as the spindle—being the fulcrum about which the turning takes place. Applying a force tangential to the knob is essentially equivalent to applying one perpendicular to a radial line defining the lever.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"At or forming a right angle (to something)."
],
"links": [
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
],
[
"right angle",
"right angle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geometry) At or forming a right angle (to something)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "normal"
},
{
"word": "orthogonal"
}
],
"topics": [
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Exactly upright; extending in a straight line toward the centre of the earth, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"upright",
"upright"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2019 May 31, David M. Willis, “Wrangled”, in Dumbing of Age",
"text": "Hey, I'm not unsabotaging anything! This is completely perpendicular sabotage!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Independent of or irrelevant to each other; orthogonal."
],
"links": [
[
"Independent",
"independent"
],
[
"irrelevant",
"irrelevant"
],
[
"orthogonal",
"orthogonal"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌpɜː.pənˈdɪk.jə.lə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɝ.pɛnˈdɪk.ju.lɚ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɝ.pənˈdɪk.jə.lɚ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪkjʊlə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-perpendicular.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/En-us-perpendicular.ogg/En-us-perpendicular.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/En-us-perpendicular.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "pû\"pəndĭ'kyələ(r)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕamūdiyy",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "عَمُودِيّ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "raʔsiyy",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "رَأْسِيّ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "uġġahayacʿ",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "ուղղահայաց"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pjerpjendykuljárny",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "перпендыкуля́рны"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "perpendikuljáren",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "перпендикуля́рен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendicular"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chuízhí",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "垂直"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "kolmý"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "loodrecht"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "haaks"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendiculair"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendikulara"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "risti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "kohtisuora"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "kohtisuorassa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "pystysuorassa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "perpendiculaire"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendicular"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "rechtwinklig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "lotrecht"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "senkrecht"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendikular"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendikulär"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "káthetos",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κάθετος"
},
{
"alt": "me`unák",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "מאונך \\ מְאֻנָךְ"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "nitsáv",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ניצב \\ נִצָּב"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "merőleges"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "tegak lurus"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendicolare"
},
{
"alt": "すいちょくの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "suichoku no",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "垂直の"
},
{
"alt": "たての",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tate no",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "縦の"
},
{
"alt": "ちょくりつの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chokuritsu no",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "直立の"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sujigui",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "수직의"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendiculāris"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendikulārs"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "serenjang"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "hāngai"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "loddrett"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "'amudi",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "عمودی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "prostopadły"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendicular"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendicular"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "perpendikuljárnyj",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "перпендикуля́рный"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "lamba",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "लम्ब"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "kolmý"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendicular"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "vinkelrät"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "tadlong"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "táng-chàak",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "ตั้งฉาก"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "dik"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "perpendykuljárnyj",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "перпендикуля́рний"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "prostopádnyj",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "простопа́дний"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "perpendiciwlar"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "at or forming a right angle to",
"word": "leadrjocht"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"perpendicular"
],
"word": "perpendicular"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 5-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ɪkjʊlə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɪkjʊlə(ɹ)/5 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "perpendiculaire"
},
"expansion": "Middle French perpendiculaire",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "perpendiculer"
},
"expansion": "Old French perpendiculer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "perpendiculum",
"t": "plumb line"
},
"expansion": "Latin perpendiculum (“plumb line”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French perpendiculaire, from Old French perpendiculer, from Latin perpendiculum (“plumb line”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perpendiculars",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "perpendicular (plural perpendiculars)",
"name": "en-noun"
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "perp",
"word": "⟂"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Geometry"
],
"glosses": [
"A line or plane that is perpendicular to another."
],
"links": [
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
],
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"plane",
"plane"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geometry) A line or plane that is perpendicular to another."
],
"topics": [
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A device such as a plumb line that is used in making or marking a perpendicular line."
],
"links": [
[
"device",
"device"
],
[
"plumb line",
"plumb line"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A meal eaten at a tavern bar while standing up."
],
"links": [
[
"meal",
"meal"
],
[
"tavern",
"tavern"
],
[
"bar",
"bar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, slang) A meal eaten at a tavern bar while standing up."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌpɜː.pənˈdɪk.jə.lə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɝ.pɛnˈdɪk.ju.lɚ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɝ.pənˈdɪk.jə.lɚ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪkjʊlə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-perpendicular.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/En-us-perpendicular.ogg/En-us-perpendicular.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/En-us-perpendicular.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "pû\"pəndĭ'kyələ(r)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "perpendikuljar",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "перпендикуляр"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perpendicular"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chuíxiàn",
"sense": "line or plane",
"word": "垂线"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "line or plane",
"word": "垂面"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"english": "line",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kolmice"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "loodlijn"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "line or plane",
"word": "kohtisuora"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perpendiculaire"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Lotrechte"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Senkrechte"
},
{
"alt": "me`unákh",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "מאונך"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "nitsáv",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ניצב"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "lamb",
"sense": "line or plane",
"word": "लंब"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "abhilamb",
"sense": "line or plane",
"word": "अभिलंब"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "line or plane",
"word": "merőleges"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "line or plane",
"word": "kʼéhézdongo ahidiiʼá"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prostopadła"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perpendicular"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "perpendiculară"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "perpendikuljár",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "перпендикуля́р"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "normal"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "séen-táng-chàak",
"sense": "line or plane",
"word": "เส้นตั้งฉาก"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "line or plane",
"word": "dik"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "prostopád",
"sense": "line or plane",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "простопа́д"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "line or plane",
"word": "leadline"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otves",
"sense": "device",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "отвес"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "device",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "schietlood"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "device",
"word": "luotilanka"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "device",
"word": "luoti"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "device",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fil à plomb"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "device",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Bleilot"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "device",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Senkblei"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"perpendicular"
],
"word": "perpendicular"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.